CN212556277U - Ground transponder, transmission system thereof - Google Patents
Ground transponder, transmission system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN212556277U CN212556277U CN202020912300.8U CN202020912300U CN212556277U CN 212556277 U CN212556277 U CN 212556277U CN 202020912300 U CN202020912300 U CN 202020912300U CN 212556277 U CN212556277 U CN 212556277U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a ground transponder, its transmission system. Configured to enable bi-directional communication with an indoor control unit, the ground transponder comprising: a far-field wireless communication module configured to transmit at least one of status information and message information of a ground transponder to the indoor control unit and to receive at least one of message data transmitted by the indoor control unit; and a power supply module configured to supply power to the ground transponder, wherein the far-field wireless communication module includes one of a microstrip antenna, a slot antenna, and a meander-line antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a train operation control system in rail transit field, in particular to ground transponder, ground transponder transmission system.
Background
The transponder (Balise) is a data transmission device for providing fixed information and variable information to the train control vehicle-mounted equipment on the ground in a specific place by utilizing the electromagnetic induction theory, and is widely applied to the field of rail transportation including high-speed railways, urban subways, light rails and the like. Transponders are generally mounted on the sleepers in the centre of two rails and are divided into passive (fixed) transponders and active (variable) transponders (the "ground transponder" appearing hereinafter is a generic term for passive and active transponders).
As shown in fig. 1, a transponder in the prior art is composed of a radio frequency energy receiving antenna, an energy conversion unit, a processing control unit, a message storage unit, an uplink transmitting antenna, and other functional modules. The radio frequency energy receiving antenna is used for receiving radio frequency energy transmitted by the vehicle-mounted antenna, and the energy conversion unit is used for converting the received radio frequency energy into energy required by the processing control unit and the message storage unit and providing the energy for the processing control unit and the message storage unit. The processing control unit is activated after receiving the energy, reads the message data from the message storage unit and sends the message data to the uplink transmitting antenna, and the uplink transmitting antenna sends the message data to a receiving module on the train in a magnetic field mode.
The passive transponder is used for storing and sending fixed information, such as line speed limit, temporary speed limit, line gradient, movement authorization and other data necessary for train operation. The active transponder is connected with a trackside electronic unit (LEU, or called a ground electronic unit) through a special tail cable, and can store and send variable information (namely message data collected by the trackside electronic unit) such as temporary speed limit, opening and closing of vehicle-mounted signals and the like according to needs besides fixed information.
Passive transponders and active transponders are typically in a dormant state. When a train passes by the ground transponder, the ground transponder receives electromagnetic energy emitted by the vehicle-mounted antenna and converts it into electric energy for itself, causing the electronic circuit in the ground transponder to operate, thereby cyclically transmitting fixed information stored in the passive transponder or fixed and variable information stored in the active transponder, and transmitting positioning information to the train (vehicle-mounted control device or indoor control unit) until the electric energy disappears (i.e., the vehicle-mounted antenna has gone away).
For the above reasons, ground-based transponders have become an important infrastructure for transmitting information in high-speed train control systems. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the ground transponder can stably and normally operate. This requires reliable monitoring of the operating state of the ground transponder.
However, it is only possible to find out whether the transponder is operating normally when the train passes the existing transponder, because the ground transponder operates only after being activated by electromagnetic energy emitted from the vehicle-mounted antenna. Therefore, the abnormal operating state of the ground transponder cannot be found at any time, and therefore the abnormal operating state cannot be uploaded to the vehicle-mounted device or the control center in time, which causes the ground transponder to become an "information island". In addition, in order to receive the message data, a dedicated pigtail cable must be used to connect the active transponder with the trackside electronic unit. Since the ground transponder used in the field is far from the trackside electronic unit, the cost of the dedicated transponder tail cable is high (the cost of the dedicated tail cable occupies nearly half of the cost of the active transponder), and this high cost limits the application of the active transponder.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the operating condition of above-mentioned unable real-time acquisition ground transponder and the problem that can't provide nimble and with low costs transponder, the utility model provides a ground transponder, it is constructed to realize two-way communication with indoor control unit, and ground transponder includes: a far-field wireless communication module configured to transmit at least one of status information and message information of a ground transponder to the indoor control unit and to receive at least one of message data transmitted by the indoor control unit; and a power supply module configured to supply power to the ground transponder, wherein the far-field wireless communication module includes one of a microstrip antenna, a slot antenna, and a meander-line antenna.
In one embodiment, the ground transponder further comprises a receiving module configured to receive the uplink signal and the radio frequency energy transmitted by the indoor control unit.
In another embodiment, the meander line antenna is curved, the substrate material is plexiglass, and the conductive material is silver ink.
In yet another embodiment, the ground transponder further comprises an antenna in the shape of a continuous cross ladder consisting of 2 wires having a trapezoidal wave shape crossing in opposite directions.
In further embodiments, the power module is battery powered, solar panel powered, or cable powered.
In yet a further embodiment, the status information comprises identity information identifying the identity of the ground transponder and health information indicating whether the ground transponder is functioning properly.
The utility model also provides a ground transponder transmission system, include: a ground transponder as described above; and an indoor control unit, wherein the ground transponder and the indoor control unit implement long-distance wireless two-way communication, the wireless two-way communication comprising: the ground transponder sends at least one of state information and message information of the ground transponder to the indoor control unit through the far-field wireless communication module, receives message data from the indoor control unit, and the indoor control unit sends the message information to the ground transponder through the far-field wireless communication unit and receives at least one of the state information and the message information from the ground transponder.
In another embodiment, the indoor control unit further comprises: the system comprises a receiving unit for receiving time information transmitted by the antenna of the continuous cross ladder shape of the ground transponder and a calculating unit for calculating the running speed v of the train according to the time difference delta t transmitted at different cross points of the antenna of the continuous cross ladder shape in the same ground transponder and the absolute distance S of the different cross points of the antenna of the continuous cross ladder shape, wherein v is S/delta t.
In another embodiment, the ground transponder further receives identity information from the indoor control unit through the far-field wireless communication module, and in the case that the identity information is consistent with the identity information carried by the ground transponder, the ground transponder receives message data and updates the message data of the ground transponder into the received message data; and under the condition that the identity information is inconsistent with the identity information carried by the ground responder, the ground responder does not receive the message data and does not update the message data of the ground responder.
Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing module of a prior art ground transponder.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of structural modules of a terrestrial transponder transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the terrestrial transponder transmission system including a terrestrial transponder and an indoor control unit.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the reporting of the health status of the bidirectional communication method in the ground transponder transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a working flow chart of message writing of the bidirectional communication method in the transponder transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a meander line antenna shape of a far field wireless communication module of a ground transponder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a continuous cross ladder uplink antenna of a transponder transmission system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of parts, numerical representations and numerical values described in these embodiments does not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. It should be noted that the following embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention recited in the claims, and not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the present invention.
< ground transponder >
As shown in fig. 2, the ground transponder 100 includes an existing module 101, a far-field wireless communication module 102, and a power supply module 103.
The existing module 101 includes a radio frequency energy receiving antenna, an energy conversion unit, a processing control unit, a message storage unit, an uplink transmitting antenna, and other modules. Preferably, the existing modules of the ground transponder 100 of the present invention include all of the functional modules listed herein. It is noted, however, that because the ground transponder 100 of the present disclosure includes the far field wireless communication module 102 and the power module 103, the existing module 101 of the ground transponder 100 of the present disclosure does not necessarily include all of the functional modules of the existing modules of prior art transponders. For example, it is possible to omit a radio frequency energy receiving antenna and an energy conversion unit due to the presence of the far field wireless communication module 102 and the power supply module 103 that transmit and receive data. In addition, the type of the functional module included in the ground transponder 100 of the present invention is related to the method of manufacturing the ground transponder: if the existing transponder is modified, the transponder of the present invention may include all existing functional modules, and additionally include the far field wireless communication module 102, the power module 103, and the like, and only select to enable or disable some existing functional modules as required; if a completely new transponder is produced, the desired functional module can be reselected as needed without the transponder comprising an undesired functional module.
The far-field wireless communication module 102 is configured to transmit at least one of status information and message information of the ground transponder 100 to the indoor control unit 200, and to receive message data transmitted from the indoor control unit, and its operating frequency is preferably 2.4 GHz. The status information may include identity information identifying the identity of the ground transponder 100 and health information indicating whether the ground transponder 100 is operating properly. The health information indicates whether the ground transponder 100 is in a normal operation mode, whether data and signals are normally transmitted to the outside, and the like. The message information may include fixed information of data necessary for train operation, such as a line speed limit, a temporary speed limit, a line slope, a movement authorization, and the like, and variable information including the temporary speed limit, opening and closing of a vehicle-mounted signal, and the like. When the ground transponder 100 is an active transponder, the far-field wireless communication module 102 may also be configured to perform bidirectional communication with the LEU, i.e., to transmit status information to the LEU and to receive message data of the LEU, which is not described herein again.
In view of the requirements for the construction and miniaturization of the transponder, the far-field wireless communication module 102 includes one of a microstrip antenna, a slot antenna, and a meander-line antenna. A microstrip antenna ("microstrip antenna") is a metal patch with a stacked structure, which can be equivalent to a resonant cavity. The concrete structure is as follows: on a thin medium substrate, a metal thin layer is attached on one surface as a grounding plate, and a conductor patch with a certain shape is manufactured on the other surface by a photoetching method, and the patch is fed by utilizing a microstrip feed line or a coaxial probe. A slot antenna (or "slotted antenna") is an antenna formed by slotting a metal conductor plane, the width of the slot being small compared to the length and operating wavelength. The slot may be fed by a transmission line across its narrow side, or by a waveguide or resonant cavity.
A Meander Line Antenna (MLA) is a small Antenna constructed by bending a Monopole Antenna (Monopole) back and forth, and the specific construction is shown in fig. 5. The existing meander line antenna is manufactured by adopting a printed circuit board, firstly, a circuit board with a preset shape needs to be drawn, and then the circuit board is handed to a professional organization, so that the manufacturing period is long, the cost is high, the antenna cannot be independently completed by one person, and the circuit board cannot be printed on a curved surface. The utility model discloses a meander line antenna adopts silver-colored ink printing method preparation, and its base material adopts the plexiglass of predetermined thickness (for example 1.5 millimeters, 2 millimeters, 3 millimeters etc.), and conducting material adopts silver-colored ink, and the manufacturing process includes following step:
s00: printing a meander line antenna of a predetermined shape onto an insulating plastic paper of a predetermined thickness (e.g., 1.8 mm, 2 mm, etc.);
s01: hollowing out the corresponding part of the meander line antenna on the insulating plastic paper;
s02: bending the plexiglas cut to the required shape and size to the required curved surface radian;
s03: flatly spreading the hollowed-out insulating plastic paper on the resin glass in the S02, fixing the four corners of the insulating plastic paper, and ensuring that the resin glass of the insulating plastic paper does not move relatively;
s04: uniformly coating the silver ink on the hollow part of the insulating plastic paper;
s05: scraping off the redundant silver ink on the surface of the insulating plastic paper by using tools such as a smooth plastic ruler and the like;
s06: waiting for a predetermined time (e.g., 2 hours, etc.), and allowing the silver ink to set;
s07: and removing the insulating plastic paper to obtain the curved surface meander line antenna.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned method of making of meander line antenna can independently accomplish system board, printing alone to can print on the curved surface, it is efficient, with low costs, can satisfy special installation environment (for example, ground transponder's finite space) demand.
The far-field wireless communication module 102 replaces a tail cable of the active transponder, so that the cost of the active transponder is reduced, and the large-area use of the active transponder is facilitated; and the existing transponder is changed into intelligent and networked control from the state of an information island, so that the evolution from a rough type to a fine type is realized.
In addition, the far-field wireless communication module 102 realizes real-time monitoring of the state of the ground transponder, and improves safety and operation efficiency from passive fault finding to active fault finding. And therefore there is no need to connect an active transponder to the trackside electronics unit, which saves the expense of a pigtail cable, greatly reducing the cost of the transponder.
The power module 103 is used for supplying power (for example, 5V and 3.3V) to each unit of the ground transponder 100, and may be battery-powered, solar panel-powered, cable-powered, and the like. The receiving module 104 receives the radio frequency energy (e.g., 27.095MHz) and uplink signals (e.g., 4.234MHz) transmitted by the indoor control unit.
Preferably, the ground transponder 100 may also comprise a detection module (not shown) dedicated to detecting whether the ground transponder is in a normal operating condition. When the detection result is that the ground transponder has a fault, the fault information can be sent to the indoor control unit. As an example of sending the fault information, if the detection module detects that each functional module of the ground transponder has a fault, if the detection module receives a magnetic flux exceeding 4.9nVs but does not detect an uplink signal, the far-field wireless communication module 102 compiles the fault information into a fault alarm message, then performs FSK modulation, and then transmits the fault alarm message through the far-field wireless communication module 102, where the operating frequency is 2.45 GHz. After receiving the fault information, the indoor control unit 200 (e.g., the far-field wireless communication unit 201) demodulates and decodes the fault information to obtain a fault message, and sends the fault message to the control unit 202, and the control unit 202 reports the fault information to the upper computer software or other central control devices. If the far-field wireless communication module 102 of the ground transponder 100 fails, the transmission of the status information (self health information) to the indoor control unit 200 is stopped.
Preferably, the ground transponder 100 may further include a control module (not shown) that controls the cooperation of the modules.
Still preferably, the ground transponder 100 includes an uplink antenna in a continuous cross ladder design for train positioning and speed calibration. As shown in fig. 6, the continuous cross ladder shape is formed by crossing 2 wires having a trapezoidal wave shape in opposite directions. Due to the continuous cross ladder design of the uplink antenna, there is a phase change in the continuous magnetic field received by the indoor control unit, which is indicative of the time difference Δ t. And transmitting the time difference measured by the uplink antenna in the shape of the crossed ladder outwards through the far-field wireless communication module. The uplink antenna in the prior art is used to transmit fixed information or variable information data of the ground transponder to the indoor control unit in the form of a magnetic field. And the utility model discloses an uplink antenna is designed for the ladder shape of crossing in succession to can obtain the time difference when the train passes through different ground transponders, and send away the time difference through far field wireless communication module. Therefore, the uplink antenna of the present invention may no longer be used as a module for transmitting fixed information or variable information data.
< indoor control Unit >
With continued reference to fig. 2, the indoor control unit 200 (or "vehicle-mounted control unit" or "vehicle-mounted transmission module") that performs bidirectional communication with the above-described ground transponder 100 includes a far-field wireless communication unit 201, a control unit 202, a power supply unit 203, a receiving unit 204, and a calculation unit 205. The far field wireless communication unit 201 provided in the indoor control unit 200 has the same configuration and function as the far field wireless communication module 102 of the ground transponder 100, and is used for receiving and transmitting information, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted. The control unit 202 controls the functional units within the indoor control unit and controls the transmission of relevant message data to the ground transponder 100. The power supply unit 203 is used to supply power to each functional unit within the indoor control unit 200. The receiving unit 204 is used for receiving time information (i.e., time difference) obtained by the antenna of the continuous cross ladder shape. The calculation unit 205 calculates the train speed v from the received time difference Δ t using the following equation:
v ═ absolute distance S between ground transponders ÷ time difference Δ t
< ground Transponder Transmission System >
The terrestrial transponder transmission system includes the terrestrial transponder 100 and the indoor control unit 200 described above, which can implement long-distance wireless two-way communication, and will not be described in detail herein.
< ground Transponder Transmission method >
In an embodiment of the transmission system formed by the ground transponder and the indoor control unit, the ground transponder 100 and the indoor control unit 200 perform bidirectional communication, that is, the ground transponder 100 sends at least one of status information and message information of the ground transponder 100 to the indoor control unit 200 through the far-field wireless communication module 102, and the indoor control unit 200 receives at least one of status information and message information sent by the ground transponder 100; the indoor control unit 200 transmits message data to the ground transponder 100 through the far-field wireless communication unit 201, and the ground transponder 100 receives the message data.
In another embodiment of the transmission system formed by the ground transponder and the indoor control unit, the ground transponder 100 and the indoor control unit 200 can also perform train positioning and speed calibration. Specifically, the ground transponder 100 also transmits time information to the indoor control unit 200. When a train (or more specifically, the "in-room control unit 200") passes over the ground transponder 100, the uplink magnetic field generated by the ground transponder (transmitted by the "continuous cross ladder uplink antenna") is received, and due to the continuous cross ladder design of the uplink antenna, the phase change of the continuous magnetic field received by the in-room control unit 200, that is, the time difference Δ t between two phase change points, exists. The calculation unit 205 in the indoor control unit 200 divides the distance S by the time difference, i.e., S/Δ t, according to the received time difference Δ t and the distance S between the two ground transponders, to obtain the accurate train speed. This train speed may then be sent to the on-board safety computer for speed calibration. In this way, it is avoided that the positioning error due to the accumulated error becomes large, thereby providing an accurate allowable running speed.
In yet another embodiment of the transmission system of the ground transponder and the indoor control unit, as shown in fig. 3, the ground transponder 100 transmits status information including identity information identifying the identity of the ground transponder and health information indicating whether the ground transponder is operating normally to the indoor control unit 200 through the far-field wireless communication module 102. The transmission of the status information may be autonomous transmission by the ground transponder 100 periodically or in response to a request command from the indoor control unit 200. The indoor control unit 200 receives the status information of the ground transponder 100 through the far-field wireless communication unit 201 and recognizes or determines whether there is a fault. In the case where the status information includes failure information or the indoor control unit 200 does not receive the status information, it is determined that the ground responder has failed. The fault information refers to the abnormal operation information of each functional unit of the ground transponder.
As shown in fig. 4, in a further embodiment of the transmission system formed by the ground transponder and the indoor control unit, the indoor control unit 200 sends message data and/or commands to the ground transponder 100 through the far-field wireless communication unit 201, and further includes identity information for identifying the identity of the ground transponder. The ground transponder 100 receives the identity information through the far field wireless communication module 102 and compares the identity information with the identity information carried by itself. If the comparison result indicates that the identity information sent by the indoor control unit 200 is consistent with the identity information of the ground transponder 100, it indicates that the ground transponder 100 is the ground transponder that the indoor control unit 200 desires to control, and at this time, the ground transponder 100 receives the message data and updates the message data in the ground transponder 100 to the message data sent by the indoor control unit 200; if the comparison result is inconsistent, it indicates that the ground responder 100 is not the ground responder that the indoor control unit 200 desires to control, and at this time, the ground responder 100 refuses to receive or discard the message data, and keeps the original message data unchanged.
The ground transponder, the transmission system and the method thereof, and the method for manufacturing the curved-surface meander-line antenna provided by the present invention have been described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific examples, and the above descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A ground transponder, configured to enable bi-directional communication with an indoor control unit, the ground transponder comprising:
a far-field wireless communication module configured to transmit at least one of status information and message information of a ground transponder to the indoor control unit and to receive at least one of message data transmitted by the indoor control unit; and
a power supply module configured to provide power to the ground-based transponder,
wherein the far field wireless communication module comprises one of a microstrip antenna, a slot antenna and a meander line antenna.
2. A ground transponder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ground transponder further comprises a receiving module configured to receive the radio frequency energy and the uplink signal transmitted by the indoor control unit.
3. A ground transponder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the meander line antenna is curved, the substrate material is plexiglas and the conductive material is silver ink.
4. A ground transponder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ground transponder further comprises an antenna in the shape of a continuous cross ladder consisting of 2 wires having the shape of a trapezoidal wave crossing in opposite directions.
5. The ground transponder according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply module is battery powered, solar panel powered or cable powered.
6. A ground transponder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the status information comprises identity information identifying the identity of the ground transponder and health information indicating whether the ground transponder is functioning properly.
7. A ground transponder transmission system, comprising:
the ground transponder of any one of claims 1-6; and
an indoor control unit for controlling the indoor temperature of the indoor air conditioner,
wherein, ground transponder and indoor control unit realize long-range wireless two-way communication, and this wireless two-way communication includes:
the ground transponder sends at least one of state information and message information of the ground transponder to the indoor control unit through the far field wireless communication module, and receives message data from the indoor control unit,
the indoor control unit sends message data to the ground transponder through the far-field wireless communication unit, and receives at least one of state information and message information from the ground transponder.
8. A ground transponder transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that the indoor control unit further comprises:
a receiving unit which receives time information transmitted from the antenna of the ground transponder in the shape of a continuous cross ladder, and
and the calculating unit is used for calculating the running speed v of the train according to the time difference delta t of the time information sent by different ground transponders and the absolute distance S between the different ground transponders, wherein v is S/delta t.
9. The ground transponder transmission system according to claim 8, wherein the ground transponder further receives identity information from the indoor control unit through the far field wireless communication module, and in case that the identity information is identical to identity information carried by the ground transponder itself, the ground transponder receives message data and updates its message data to the received message data; and under the condition that the identity information is inconsistent with the identity information carried by the ground responder, the ground responder does not receive the message data and does not update the message data of the ground responder.
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| CN202020912300.8U CN212556277U (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Ground transponder, transmission system thereof |
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| CN202020912300.8U CN212556277U (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Ground transponder, transmission system thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024078056A1 (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2024-04-18 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | Message controllable passive transponder and message sending method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024078056A1 (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2024-04-18 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | Message controllable passive transponder and message sending method |
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