CN212555839U

CN212555839U - Circuit breaking device and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN212555839U
Application number: CN202020283998.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑小凯; 刘安龙; 许达理; 王杭挺
Original assignee: Guangzhou Xiaopeng Motors Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Xiaopeng Motors Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-10
Filing date: 2020-03-10
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power battery technical field, concretely relates to breaker and electric automobile, this breaker including the casing that has accommodating space and accept copper bar, circuit board and the actuating mechanism that opens circuit in the accommodating space, the actuating mechanism that opens circuit is including locating the impeller of circuit board and with the piston that the impeller is connected, the piston bottom is equipped with the tool bit that sets up with the bottom plate of copper bar relatively, and through the aforesaid, the monitoring module in the battery assembly and a plurality of monitoring systems of outside can all send actuating signal to the impeller through the circuit board, and then realize multichannel input, and the actuating signal of each channel input can all control the impeller and produce the driving force, promote the piston to the direction motion that is close to the bottom plate, so that the tool bit cuts off the bottom plate, realizes that high-voltage output opens circuit; and, the utility model discloses a circuit breaker compact structure is favorable to realizing the miniaturization.

Description

Circuit breaking device and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power battery technical field, concretely relates to circuit breaker and electric automobile.

Background

Safety of a new energy automobile power battery assembly is always a key problem of important attention in the whole industry, short circuit risks are diversified due to complexity of an external environment, and once a short circuit fault occurs, serious consequences such as fire, casualties and the like can be caused.

In the prior art, a circuit breaking module is adopted for protection, an execution signal of a battery management system or a vehicle controller is received to perform circuit breaking operation, when a high-rate short circuit fault occurs (for example, the fault rate is greater than 6kA), the monitoring period of an external system is about 10ms generally, and after a judgment period is added, the execution signal is sent out basically after 50ms, the tolerance limit of a battery can be exceeded, and the risk of thermal runaway of the battery exists; in addition, the existing circuit breaking module only has one channel input, can only carry out signal input by one external system, and cannot be suitable for various working conditions.

In view of the above, it is an urgent need in the art to provide a new circuit breaker.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be: the circuit breaking device comprises a shell with an accommodating space, a copper bar, a circuit board and a circuit breaking actuating mechanism, wherein the copper bar, the circuit board and the circuit breaking actuating mechanism are accommodated in the accommodating space, the copper bar comprises a U-shaped main body part and two connecting parts which are bent from two ends of the main body part respectively and extend towards the direction far away from the main body part until extending out of the shell, the main body part comprises a bottom plate and side plates extending upwards from two sides of the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the two side plates form an accommodating space, the connecting parts are bent from the tail ends of the side plates, the circuit board stretches across the opening of the U-shaped main body part and is fixed on the connecting parts, the circuit breaking actuating mechanism is arranged on the circuit board and is accommodated in the accommodating space, and the circuit breaking actuating mechanism comprises a pusher arranged on the circuit board and a, the bottom of the piston is provided with a cutter head opposite to the bottom plate, and the pusher is used for generating a pushing force to push the piston to move towards the direction close to the bottom plate when receiving an execution signal so as to enable the cutter head to cut off the bottom plate.

Preferably, the base plate is formed with a weakening groove for cooperating with the cutter head.

Preferably, a sampling alloy is arranged in a region of one of the connecting parts opposite to the circuit board, and two ends of the sampling alloy are respectively electrically connected with the circuit board to collect voltage signals at two ends of the sampling alloy; and a processing module is arranged on one side of the circuit board, which faces away from the copper bar.

Preferably, the pusher is an electronic initiator, the electronic initiator includes a head portion connected to the circuit board and a cylindrical portion extending downward from the head portion, and the piston is sleeved on the cylindrical portion and can move along an axial direction of the cylindrical portion.

Preferably, the electronic initiator is electrically connected to a battery management system;

and/or the electronic initiator is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit.

Preferably, the casing includes casing and lower casing in the last casing that mutually supports, go up the casing including two first curb plates that set up relatively, two second curb plates that set up relatively and connect first curb plate with the apron of second curb plate, first curb plate is close to the edge of casing down is formed with the confession connecting portion stretches out the breach.

Preferably, be equipped with on the second curb plate to the first fastener that the casing extends down, be equipped with on the casing down with first fastener complex second fastener, first fastener with the second fastener cooperation with go up casing and lower casing fixed connection.

Preferably, the circuit board one side dorsad the copper bar is equipped with the connector that is used for low pressure signal transmission, the top of connector is followed the casing stretches out, be equipped with on the apron and supply the through-hole that the connector stretches out.

Preferably, the bottom plate orientation the one side of casing down with be equipped with crashproof protecting cover down between the casing, crashproof protecting cover is including being fixed in the internal diapire of inferior valve and follow the edge of diapire is buckled and is close to the lateral wall that the bottom plate extends, the top and the bottom plate butt of lateral wall.

For solving the technical problem, the utility model discloses a another technical scheme is: an electric automobile is provided, which comprises the circuit breaking device.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the utility model provides a circuit breaker and electric automobile, including the casing that has accommodating space and accept copper bar, circuit board and the actuating mechanism that opens circuit in the accommodating space, the actuating mechanism that opens circuit including locate the impeller of circuit board and with the piston that the impeller is connected, the piston bottom is equipped with the tool bit that sets up with the bottom plate of copper bar relatively, and through the aforesaid mode, the monitoring module in the battery assembly and a plurality of monitoring systems of outside can all send actuating signal to the impeller through the circuit board, and then realize the multichannel input, and the actuating signal of each channel input can all control the impeller and produce the driving force, promotes the piston moves to the direction that is close to the bottom plate, so that the tool bit cuts off the bottom plate, realizes that high-voltage output opens circuit; and, the utility model discloses a circuit breaker compact structure is favorable to realizing the miniaturization.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a circuit interrupting device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a circuit interrupting device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of another perspective of the circuit interrupting device of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The terms "first", "second" and "third" in the present application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. All directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit breaker, please refer to fig. 1 to 4, the circuit breaker includes: the battery pack comprises a shell 10, a copper bar 20, a circuit board 30, a sampling alloy 40, a processing module 70 and a circuit breaking executing mechanism 60, wherein most parts of the copper bar 20 are positioned inside the shell 10, two ends of the copper bar 20 extend out of the shell 10, in an optional embodiment, the copper bar 20 is connected into a main positive loop of a battery assembly for carrying current at high voltage, and the circuit breaking device is connected in series with the main positive loop.

Specifically, the housing 10 includes an upper housing 101 and a lower housing 102 that are matched with each other, the upper housing 101 includes two first side plates 1011 disposed opposite to each other, two second side plates 1012 disposed opposite to each other, and a cover plate 1013 connecting the first side plates 1011 and the second side plates 1012, and a notch 1014 for the copper bar 20 to protrude is formed at an edge of the first side plate 1011 close to the lower housing 102. Further, a first fastener 1015 extending towards the lower housing 102 is arranged on the second side plate 1012, a second fastener 1021 matching with the first fastener 1015 is arranged on the lower housing 102, the first fastener 1015 and the second fastener 1021 are matched to fixedly connect the upper housing 101 and the lower housing 102, the lower housing 102 has a containing cavity 1023, a reinforcing rib 1022 is arranged in the lower housing 102, and the main body portion 201 of the copper bar 20 is located in the containing cavity 1023.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the copper bar 20 includes a U-shaped main body 201 and two connecting portions 202 respectively bent from two ends of the main body 201 and extending in a direction away from the main body 201 until extending out of the housing 10, the main body 201 includes a bottom plate 2011 and side plates 2012 extending upward from two sides of the bottom plate 2011, the bottom plate 2011 and the two side plates 2012 form an accommodating space 2013, the connecting portions 202 are bent from ends of the side plates 2012, the circuit board 30 is disposed across an opening of the U-shaped main body 201 and fixed on the connecting portions 202, the circuit breaking actuator 60 is disposed on the circuit board 30 and accommodated in the accommodating space 2013, the circuit breaking actuator 60 includes a pusher 601 disposed on the circuit board 30 and a piston 602 connected to the pusher 601, a cutting head 6021 disposed opposite to the bottom plate 602 is disposed at a bottom of the piston 602, the bottom plate 2011 is formed with a weakening groove 201a matched with the cutter head 6021, the pusher 601 generates a pushing force to push the piston 602 to move towards the direction close to the bottom plate 2011, so that the cutter head 6021 impacts the weakening groove 201a to cut off the bottom plate 2011, the copper bar 201 is broken, and the high-voltage output of a main positive circuit is broken. Further, the edge of the cutter head 6021 is chamfered.

In order to prevent the copper bar 20 from deforming and then ejecting the lower housing 102 with a large impact force, the bottom plate 2011 faces the one surface of the bottom of the lower housing 102 and an anti-collision protective cover 203 is arranged between the bottom of the lower housing 102, the anti-collision protective cover 203 comprises a bottom wall 2031 fixed in the lower housing 102 and a side wall 2032 bent at the edge of the bottom wall 2031 and extending towards the bottom plate 2011, and the top of the side wall 2032 is abutted to the bottom plate 2011.

In this embodiment, an internal monitoring function is realized, one of them connecting portion 202 with the relative region of circuit board 30 is equipped with sampling alloy 40, the both ends of sampling alloy 40 respectively with circuit board 30 electricity is connected in order to gather sampling alloy 40 both ends voltage signal, circuit board 30 dorsad the one side of copper bar 20 is equipped with processing module 70, processing module 70 receives sampling alloy 40's voltage signal, according to voltage signal 40 calculates corresponding main positive loop current, works as main positive loop current is greater than or equal to and predetermines the current threshold value and main positive loop current is greater than or equal to when predetermineeing the time threshold value for duration that predetermines the current threshold value for main positive loop current is greater than or equal to send execute signal to pusher 601, execute signal triggers the start-up of pusher 601 and produces the impetus, promotes piston 602 and cuts off copper bar 20. Further, alloy 40 is a low Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR), which represents the change in resistance with temperature (the relative change in resistance when the temperature changes by 1 degree Celsius) in ppm/DEG C. Specifically, the TCR of the low TCR alloy may be less than 50 ppm/c, the preset current threshold may be 2kA, and the preset time threshold may be 1ms, that is, when the processing module 70 determines that the main positive loop current is greater than or equal to 2kA and continuously exceeds 1ms, the execution signal is output to the pusher 601.

In an alternative embodiment, the pusher 601 is an electronic initiator, the electronic initiator 601 includes a head portion 6011 connected to the circuit board 30 and a cylindrical portion 6012 extending downward from the head portion 6011, and the piston 602 is sleeved on the cylindrical portion 6012 and can move along an axial direction of the cylindrical portion 6012. The electronic initiator 601 is internally provided with a propellant, and when the electronic initiator 601 receives an actuating signal, the propellant is ignited to generate an urging force to push the piston 602 to move towards the bottom plate 2011.

Further, the circuit breaking device of the present embodiment may be matched with an external monitoring system, please refer to fig. 4, where the electronic initiator 601 is electrically connected to the battery management system 80, the battery management system 80 collects a first collision signal through the first collision sensor 801 and sends the first collision signal to the electronic initiator 601, and the electronic initiator 601 receives the first collision signal and ignites a propellant according to the first collision signal to generate a pushing force to push the piston 602 to move toward the bottom plate 2011. After the shutdown operation is completed, the battery management system 80 collects the on/off feedback signal of the main positive loop to determine whether the loop has been safely shut down.

The electronic detonator is further electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 90, the vehicle control unit 90 collects a second collision signal through a second collision sensor 901 and sends the second collision signal to the electronic detonator 601, and the electronic detonator 601 receives the second collision signal and ignites a propellant according to the second collision signal to generate a pushing force to push the piston 602 to move towards the bottom plate 2011.

In an alternative embodiment, a side of the circuit board 30 facing away from the copper bar 20 is provided with a connector 301 for low-voltage signal transmission, a top of the connector 301 protrudes from the housing 10, and the cover plate 1013 is provided with a through hole 1016 through which the connector 301 protrudes.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric automobile is still provided, including foretell circuit breaker.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit breaking device is characterized by comprising a shell with a containing space, a copper bar, a circuit board and a circuit breaking executing mechanism, wherein the copper bar, the circuit board and the circuit breaking executing mechanism are contained in the containing space, the copper bar comprises a U-shaped main body part and two connecting parts which are bent from two ends of the main body part respectively and extend towards the direction far away from the main body part until the copper bar extends out of the shell, the main body part comprises a bottom plate and side plates which extend upwards from two sides of the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the two side plates form a containing space, the connecting parts are bent from the tail ends of the side plates, the circuit board stretches across an opening of the U-shaped main body part and is fixed on the connecting parts, the circuit breaking executing mechanism is arranged on the circuit board and is contained in the containing space, and the circuit breaking executing mechanism comprises a pusher arranged on, the bottom of the piston is provided with a cutter head opposite to the bottom plate, and the pusher is used for generating a pushing force to push the piston to move towards the direction close to the bottom plate when receiving an execution signal so as to enable the cutter head to cut off the bottom plate.

2. The circuit interrupting device of claim 1 wherein said base plate has a weakened groove formed therein that cooperates with said blade.

3. The circuit interrupting device of claim 1 wherein a region of one of said connecting portions opposite said circuit board is provided with a sampling alloy, both ends of said sampling alloy being electrically connected to said circuit board respectively for collecting voltage signals across said sampling alloy; and a processing module is arranged on one side of the circuit board, which faces away from the copper bar.

4. The circuit interrupting device of claim 3 wherein the pusher is an electronic initiator including a head portion connected to the circuit board and a barrel portion extending downwardly from the head portion, the piston being sleeved on the barrel portion and movable in an axial direction of the barrel portion.

5. The circuit interrupting device of claim 4 wherein the electronic initiator is electrically connected to a battery management system;

6. The circuit interrupting device of claim 1 wherein the housing comprises an upper housing and a lower housing that mate with each other, the upper housing comprising two first side plates that are disposed opposite each other, two second side plates that are disposed opposite each other, and a cover plate that connects the first side plates and the second side plates, the first side plates having a notch formed near an edge of the lower housing through which the connecting portion protrudes.

7. The circuit interrupting device of claim 6 wherein the second side plate has a first fastener extending toward the lower housing, the lower housing has a second fastener engaging the first fastener, and the first fastener and the second fastener cooperate to fixedly connect the upper housing to the lower housing.

8. The circuit interrupting device of claim 6 wherein the side of the circuit board opposite the copper bar is provided with a connector for low voltage signal transmission, the top of the connector extending from the housing, and the cover plate is provided with a through hole for the connector to extend through.

9. The circuit interrupting device of claim 6 wherein a crash shield is disposed between a side of said base plate facing said lower housing and said lower housing, said crash shield comprising a bottom wall secured within said lower housing and a side wall bent from an edge of said bottom wall and extending toward and adjacent to said base plate, a top of said side wall abutting said base plate.

10. An electric vehicle characterized in that it comprises a circuit breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.