CN212544737U

CN212544737U - Salt-tolerant appraisal pond of native soil

Info

Publication number: CN212544737U
Application number: CN202020434183.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡爱双; 孙宇; 肖丹丹; 张小栋; 左永梅; 邢春强
Original assignee: INSTITUTE OF COASTAL AGRICULTURE HEBEI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY SCIENCES
Current assignee: INSTITUTE OF COASTAL AGRICULTURE HEBEI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY SCIENCES
Priority date: 2020-03-30
Filing date: 2020-03-30
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-30

Abstract

The utility model provides a salt-tolerant appraisal pond of native soil belongs to the salt-tolerant appraisal technical field of plant. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pool comprises a stone layer, a non-woven fabric layer and a saline soil layer from the bottom of the pool in sequence vertically upwards; and a plurality of salt discharge and water seepage pipes are arranged on the stone layer, and two ends of each salt discharge and water seepage pipe are connected with a PVC pipe (water supply and drainage pipe) at the bottom of the pool. The salt-discharging and water-permeating pipe arranged in the raw soil salt-tolerance identification pool provided by the utility model can irrigate the identification solution with set concentration, thereby obviously reducing the soil salinity difference caused by conventional irrigation, and ensuring that the salt content of the soil with different depths in the whole raw soil salt-tolerance identification pool is changed within 0.5%; the identification result is more accurate and is closer to the field planting result.

Description

Salt-tolerant appraisal pond of native soil

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the salt-tolerant appraisal of plant, especially, relate to a salt-tolerant appraisal pond of native soil.

Background

Saline soil is a soil type widely distributed on the earth, and the soil contains high salinity, so that the growth of most plants is not facilitated, the extreme fragility of the ecological environment of the soil type area is caused, and the saline soil becomes one of the main limiting factors of the economic development of the area. Planting salt-tolerant plants is one of the effective ways to improve saline soil. The salt tolerance of the plants is firstly determined when the salt tolerant plants are planted. At present, people mostly adopt matrix potting, water culture or saline-alkali land fields to identify the salt tolerance of plants, and the phenomenon that the salt tolerance threshold identified by the method is inconsistent with the growth threshold of the plants in saline soil is often caused due to the fact that the matrix or the water culture nutrient solution used in the matrix potting and the water culture method is greatly different from the soil environment of the plants in practical application. The method for identifying the saline-alkali soil field has the problems that the soil salinity is not uniformly distributed, the saline soil meeting the requirement is not easy to find, and the like, so that the identification is inaccurate. In view of the above, there is a need to provide a salt tolerance identification device and method, which can make the identification result consistent with the identification result of the saline soil in the field for future application of plants.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a salt-tolerant appraisal pond of native soil.

In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a raw soil salt tolerance identification pool, which comprises a stone layer, a non-woven fabric layer and a saline soil layer from the bottom of the pool in sequence; and a plurality of salt discharge and seepage pipes are arranged on the stone layer, and two ends of each salt discharge and seepage pipe are respectively communicated with the water supply and drainage pipe at the bottom of the pond.

Preferably, the inlet of the water inlet pipe is connected with the salt and fresh water mixing tank.

Preferably, a fresh water well and a salt water well are arranged and are respectively connected with the salt and fresh water mixing pool.

Preferably, the depth of the fresh water well is more than or equal to 270m, and the mineralization degree of the outlet water of the fresh water well is less than 0.1%; the depth of the saline water well is 40-60 m, and the mineralization degree of outlet water of the saline water well is 2.0% -2.5%.

Preferably, the salt discharge and water seepage pipe is a hose, and the inner diameter of the salt discharge and water seepage pipe is 0.04-0.06 m.

Preferably, the inlet tube and the drain pipe are PVC hard pipes, and the inner diameters of the inlet tube and the drain pipe are 0.04-0.06 m.

Preferably, the thickness of the stone layer is 0.1-0.2 m.

Preferably, the thickness of the saline soil layer is 1.3-1.4 m.

The utility model has the advantages that: the salt tolerance identification pool of the raw soil provided by the utility model is provided with the salt discharge and water seepage pipe which can carry out the irrigation of the identification solution with set concentration, thereby obviously reducing the soil salinity difference caused by conventional irrigation, and leading the salt content of the soil with different depths in the whole raw soil salt tolerance identification pool to change within 0.5%; the identification result is more accurate and is closer to the field planting result.

According to the description of the examples, the salt content of the soil at different depths in the salt-tolerant identification pool is shown in fig. 1, taking the salt concentration of the salt-tolerant identification pool set to 0.5% as an example. As the soil layer deepens, the salt content of the soil shows a gradually increasing trend, the salt content of the soil is not remarkably changed below the soil layer with the depth of 40cm, and the salt content of the soil layer with the depth of 60cm and the salt content of the soil layers with the depths of 40cm and 80cm is not remarkably changed. The salt content of 20cm of the surface soil layer is 0.477%, the salt content of the deepest 80cm of the soil layer is 0.567%, the salt content of each soil layer is changed within the concentration range of 0.5%, and the salt content of each soil layer does not greatly float up and down.

Further, the utility model discloses a salt content of soil in the salt-tolerant appraisal pond of raw soil can be regulated and control to the salt discharge infiltration pipe, through the mixed proportion of adjusting fresh water well effluent and salt water well effluent, according to the relation of the conductivity of appraisal solution and the salt-tolerant appraisal pond of raw soil in soil salt-tolerant, can realize the real-time regulation and control of soil salt content.

Further, the utility model discloses dispose identification solution with the underground brackish water in the salt water well, the compound salt composition that the underground brackish water contains is close with local soil full salt composition, has avoided the deviation that identification solution that conventional monosalt NaCl disposed produced to the plant identification result.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a result of measuring the salt content of each soil layer in the raw soil salt-tolerant identification pool when the salt content of the soil is set to 0.5%;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a salt tolerance identification pool, wherein 1-a water supply pipeline, 2-a water supply and drainage pipeline switch, 3-a drainage pipeline switch, 4-an observation and water taking pipeline, 5-a water supply and drainage pipeline at the bottom of the pool, and 6-a salt and water draining and seeping pipeline;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of soil layers of the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool, wherein 7-saline soil layer, 8-non-woven fabric and 9-stone layer are adopted.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a raw soil salt tolerance identification pool, which comprises a stone layer, a non-woven fabric layer and a saline soil layer from the bottom of the pool in sequence; the stone layer is provided with a plurality of salt discharge and water seepage pipes which are communicated with the water supply and drainage pipes.

In the utility model, the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool is preferably a cement pool; cement walls are preferably arranged around the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool, and the width of each cement wall is preferably 0.15-0.25 m, and more preferably 0.2 m; the height of the cement wall is preferably 1.2-1.5 m, and more preferably 1.4 m; in the utility model, a cement bottom layer with the thickness of 0.2m is preferably paved at the bottom of the cement pool; the utility model discloses in, the salt-tolerant appraisal pond of native soil is preferably makeed waterproof all around and the bottom. In the utility model, the length of the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool is preferably 4.0-5.0 m, and more preferably 4.4 m; the width of the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool is preferably 3.0-4.0 m, and more preferably 3.4; the depth of the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool is preferably 1.3-1.6 m, and more preferably 1.5 m.

The utility model discloses in, the salt-tolerant appraisal pond of raw soil includes stone layer, non-woven fabrics layer and salt soil layer from the bottom of the pool perpendicularly upwards in proper order. In the utility model, the thickness of the stone layer is preferably 0.1-0.2 m, and more preferably 0.15 m; the utility model discloses in, the stone is laid to the stone layer, the preferred 2 ~ 3cm of diameter of stone. In the present invention, the function of the stone layer is to facilitate drainage.

The utility model discloses in set up the non-woven fabrics layer on the stone layer, the non-woven fabrics layer is preferred including 1 ~ 3 layers non-woven fabrics that permeate water, more preferably 2 layers non-woven fabrics that permeate water, the effect on non-woven fabrics layer prevents that the salt soil from descending to the stone layer to cause and block row salt infiltration pipe aperture, influence drainage effect.

The utility model discloses in set up the salt drainage infiltration pipe between stone layer and the non-woven fabrics layer, the preferred hose of salt drainage infiltration pipe, the internal diameter of salt drainage infiltration pipe is preferred 0.04 ~ 0.06m, more preferred 0.05 m. In the utility model, the two ends of the salt and water draining pipe are respectively communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the water supply and drainage pipe. In the utility model, the number of the salt discharge and water seepage pipes is preferably 3-6, and more preferably 4; the salt discharge water seepage pipes are preferably arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the interval between every two adjacent salt discharge water seepage pipes is preferably 0.5-0.7 m, and more preferably 0.6 m.

The utility model discloses in, the preferable PVC hard tube that is of plumbing pipe, the internal diameter of plumbing pipe is preferably 0.04 ~ 0.06m, and more preferably 0.05 m. The utility model discloses in the last preferred switch that is provided with of plumbing pipe, the utility model discloses it is right the concrete type of switch does not have special restriction, adopt conventional water pipe switch can. In the utility model, the outlet of the drain pipe is preferably connected with the first drain ditch; in the utility model, the first drainage ditch is preferably arranged at one side of any long edge of the raw soil salt-tolerance identification pool; the width of the first drainage ditch is preferably 0.4-0.6 m, and more preferably 0.5 m; the depth of the first drainage ditch is preferably 1.0-1.5 m, and more preferably 1.3 m.

In the utility model, the thickness of the saline soil layer of the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool is preferably 1.3-1.4 m; in the utility model, an observation and water intake pipeline is preferably arranged in the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool; the observation and water taking pipeline is preferably arranged in the middle of the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool and is vertical to the bottom of the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool.

In the utility model discloses in, the import of plumbing pipe is preferred to be connected with the mixed pond of salt and fresh water. The utility model discloses in, the preferred fresh water well and the salt-water well that set up, respectively with the mixed pond of salt-fresh water connect. In the utility model, the depth of the fresh water well is preferably more than or equal to 270m, and the mineralization of the outlet water of the fresh water well is preferably less than 0.1%; the depth of the salt water well is preferably 40-60 m, and the mineralization degree of the outlet water of the salt water well is preferably 2.0% -2.5%. The utility model mixes the effluent of the fresh water well and the effluent of the salt water well in the salt and fresh water mixing pool to obtain the identification solution; the specific mixing proportion of the effluent of the fresh water well and the effluent of the salt water well is set according to actual requirements. The utility model discloses in, identification solution passes through the plumbing pipe and gets into the salt soil that the salt discharge infiltration pipe irrigated the salt tolerance identification pond of native soil, utilizes identification solution regulates and control the salt content of salt soil.

The utility model discloses in, the mixed pond of salt and fresh water is preferably the cylindric pond, the diameter of mixed pond of salt and fresh water is preferably 1.5 ~ 2.5m, more preferably 2.0 m; the depth of the salty and fresh water mixing pool is 3.5-4.5 m, and the depth is preferably 4 m. The utility model discloses in, the preferred second escape canal that sets up of close to the saltwater and freshwater mixing pond, the width of second escape canal is preferred 0.4 ~ 0.6m, more preferred 0.5 m; the depth of the second drainage ditch is preferably 0.8-1.2 m, and more preferably 1.0 m.

The utility model also provides the application of the salt tolerance appraisal pool of raw soil in the salt tolerance appraisal of plants. In the present invention, the application preferably includes the steps of: 1) mixing the fresh water in the fresh water well and the salt water in the salt water well in a salt and fresh water mixing pool to obtain an identification solution; 2) irrigating the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool for 2-4 times by using the identification solution in the step 1); 3) and transplanting the plant to be identified to the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool for identification, and irrigating the identification solution once every 8-12 days until the plant to be identified has salt damage symptoms.

In the utility model, the fresh water in the fresh water well and the salt water in the salt water well are mixed in the salt and fresh water mixing pool to obtain the identification solution. The utility model discloses in, the mixing ratio of fresh water and salt water is set for according to actual need. The utility model discloses will the salt-tolerant appraisal pond of identification solution irrigation native soil is 2 ~ 4 times, and the preferred is 3 times. In the specific implementation process of the utility model, the irrigation operation is as follows: closing a water outlet switch of the water supply and drainage pipe, opening a water inlet pipe, irrigating the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool, filling the raw soil salt tolerance identification pool, and after keeping for 12 hours, opening the water outlet switch of the water supply and drainage pipe to drain water.

The utility model discloses in, transplant the plant of waiting to appraise extremely the salt-tolerant appraisal pond of native soil appraises, once appraises the irrigation of solution every 8 ~ 12 days, until waiting to appraise that the plant appears the salt damage symptom. The utility model discloses in, treat that appraisal plant is preferred to be the nursery stock, the utility model discloses it is right the kind of nursery stock does not have special limitation. In the present invention, the interval between the irrigation of the identification solution is preferably 10 days.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The implementation place is as follows: coastal saline-alkali soil

The brackish saline-alkali area underground shallow layer is rich in brackish water resources, and the mineralization degree is generally reduced along with the increase of the burial depth until reaching a fresh saline water boundary layer. Digging two wells in the coastal saline-alkali soil, wherein one well is a fresh water well, and the other well is a salt water well; the depth of the fresh water well water is 270m, and the mineralization degree is less than 0.1%; the depth of the water taken from the salt water well is 40m, and the mineralization degree is 2.0-2.5%.

A large water storage pool with the diameter of 2m and the height of 4m is built near an original soil salt tolerance identification pool, the water pool is respectively connected with two wells by pipelines, and a drainage ditch with the width of 0.5m and the depth of 1m is built beside the water storage pool.

And (3) repairing a salt tolerance identification pool of original soil, digging a pit with the depth of 1.5m, the length of 4.4m and the width of 3.4m, respectively pouring cement walls with the width of 0.2m and the height of 1.4m around the pit, paving cement with the thickness of 0.2m at the bottom of the pit, and simultaneously well waterproofing the bottom and the periphery of the pit.

And (4) repairing a drainage ditch, namely repairing a drainage ditch with the width of 0.5m and the depth of 1.3m on the long side of the salt-tolerant identification pool.

And paving a layer of stones (the diameter of the stones is 2-3 cm) with the height of 0.15m on the bottom layer of the salt tolerance identification pool. Two layers of non-woven fabrics are laid on the surface of the stone, and then saline soil with uniform texture is filled until the surface of the stone is flush with the cement wall.

And (3) paving a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) hard pipe (drain pipe) with the inner diameter of 0.05m on the long side of the salt-tolerant identification pool at a distance of 2m from the wide side and at a depth of 0.15m, namely the upper surface of the stone layer, wherein one end of the hard pipe penetrates through the cement wall and is communicated with the drain ditch.

Two salt discharge seepage pipes (hoses) with the diameter of 0.05m are respectively arranged on two sides of a PVC pipe with the inner diameter of 0.05m, two ends of each salt discharge seepage hose are connected with a PVC hard pipe, 4 salt discharge seepage pipes are uniformly distributed in an original soil salt-resistant pit, and the distance between every two adjacent pipes is 0.6 m.

Two PVC hard pipes with the inner diameter of 0.05m are connected between the middle of each PVC hard pipe and one end close to the cement wall, the PVC hard pipes are vertically arranged and the height of each PVC hard pipe is equal to that of the cement wall, one PVC hard pipe close to the cement wall is connected with the hard pipe leading to the water storage tank, a switch is additionally arranged, and meanwhile, one 6-inch pipe is connected, so that the PVC hard pipes are convenient to water from the ground in the future. The PVC hard pipe in the middle of the salt-tolerant identification pool is convenient for observing the water level and determining and verifying the salt content of the whole salt-tolerant identification pool by taking a water sample in the future.

Mixing and distributing water: mixing and proportioning the saline water and the fresh water into a solution required to be identified, monitoring the conductivity of the mixed water in the water mixing tank in real time by using a conductivity meter during mixing, and adjusting the injection amount of the saline water and the fresh water in time until a preset value is reached.

The irrigation method comprises the following steps: firstly, closing a water outlet switch of a water supply and drainage pipe, and simultaneously opening switches of water inlets of an upper water supply and drainage pipe and a lower water supply and drainage pipe of the salt tolerance identification pool to fill the salt tolerance identification pool. After the water layer was maintained for 12 hours, the bottom drain switch was turned on to drain the water.

And (3) identifying the nursery stock: before planting and identifying the nursery stock, irrigating saline water with a preset mineralization degree according to a water irrigation method, and circulating for 3 times to enable the salt content of the soil to be close to a preset value. And after planting the seedlings, irrigating the seedlings once every 10 days until the seedlings have salt damage symptoms and the salt damage symptoms are not aggravated within 20 days.

When the salt tolerance evaluation tank is set to 0.5% salt concentration, the salt content of the soil at different depths in the tank is shown in fig. 1. Along with the deepening of the soil layer, the salt content of the soil in the pool shows a gradually increasing trend, the salt content of the soil is not remarkably changed when the salt content of the soil is lower than that of a soil layer with the depth of 40cm, and the salt content of a soil layer with the depth of 60cm and that of soil layers with the depths of 40cm and 80cm are not remarkably changed. The salt content of 20cm of the surface soil layer is 0.477%, the salt content of the deepest 80cm of the soil layer is 0.567%, the salt content of each soil layer is changed within the concentration range of 0.5%, and the salt content of each soil layer does not greatly float up and down.

The experiment shows that the conductivity of the identified solution and the salt content of the soil have the corresponding relation shown in the table 1.

Table 1 identifies the relationship between conductivity of a solution and soil salinity

Carrying out curve estimation by taking the salt content of the soil as a Y value and the conductivity of the well water as an X value to obtain a correlation equation of the salt content of the soil and the conductivity of the well water, wherein Y is 0.049+0.033X, and R is²0.99. Therefore, the utility model discloses a mode that the salt solution saturation was soaked makes whole soil in the pond evenly adsorb the salinity, has realized that soil salinity in time regulates and control.

The salt tolerance identification is carried out by using the biennial clone seedlings cultured by N plant of the malus spectabilis as an identification material. The Malus spectabilis N strain is a salt-tolerant strain selected by coastal agriculture research of academy of agriculture and forestry in Hebei province.

In spring, the salt tolerance identification pool is filled with the native soil of the appropriate land, and the well water with the corresponding conductivity is irrigated for 3 times according to the conversion of the salt content of the soil, namely 0.06% (CK), 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.35%, 0.45% and 0.55%. After the soil in the identification pool is slightly dry, planting the N-strain seedlings with relatively consistent growth vigor in the identification pool according to the plant-row spacing of 1.5m by 1m, planting 8 seedlings in each pool, repeating each saline soil concentration for 3 times (namely 3 salt-tolerant identification pools), and then measuring and recording the initial plant height of the seedlings. In-line with the aboveAnd then, filling well water with corresponding conductivity into the identification pool once every 10 days according to the set saline soil concentration, continuously culturing for 6 months, wherein the salt damage symptom of the seedlings of the N strains in the pool is generated and is not increased within 20 days, and measuring and recording the plant height of the seedlings of the N strains again. The influence of saline soil treatment at each concentration on the plant height growth of the seedlings of the N lines is shown in Table 2. Along with the increase of the salt content of the soil, the plant height increment of the seedlings of the N strains is gradually reduced, and the saline soil inhibits the growth of the plant height of the seedlings of the N strains. And performing curve estimation by taking the plant height increment of the seedlings of the N strains as Y and the salt content of the soil in the identification pool as X, and establishing a regression equation of the seedlings of the N strains, wherein the result shows that the plant height increment of the seedlings of the N strains and the salt concentration in the identification pool conform to a linear model, and the equation is that Y is-303.9X +3.44, R²And (3) calculating the salt tolerance threshold value of the salt tolerant crabapple to be 0.57% based on that the plant height increment of the N strain seedlings is reduced by 50% compared with the contrast.

TABLE 2 plant heights of N strains in different saline soil concentration pools

Saline soil concentration/%)	0.06	0.15	0.25	0.35	0.45	0.55
							Increase of plant height per m of N lines	3.295±0.121	2.817±0.103	2.667±0.170	2.367±0.047	2.017±0.117	1.677±0.174

According to the above embodiment, the utility model provides a salt tolerance of appraising the plant can be realized treating the accurate appraisal of the salt tolerance of appraising the plant to the native soil salt tolerance appraisal pond, more is favorable to the land for growing field crops application of salt tolerant plant.

Claims

1. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pool is characterized by comprising a stone layer, a non-woven fabric layer and a saline soil layer from the bottom of the pool in sequence vertically upwards; and a plurality of salt discharge and water seepage pipes are arranged between the stone layer and the non-woven fabric and are communicated with the water supply and drainage pipes.

2. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pond according to claim 1, wherein the inlet of the water supply and drainage pipe is connected with the salt and fresh water mixing pond.

3. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pond according to claim 2, wherein a fresh water well and a salt water well are provided and are respectively connected with the salt and fresh water mixing pond.

4. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pool of claim 3, wherein the depth of the fresh water well is more than or equal to 270m, and the mineralization degree of the outlet water of the fresh water well is less than 0.1%; the depth of the saline water well is 40-60 m, and the mineralization degree of outlet water of the saline water well is 2.0% -2.5%.

5. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pool according to claim 1, wherein the salt discharge and seepage pipe is a hose, and the inner diameter of the salt discharge and seepage pipe is 0.04-0.06 m.

6. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pool according to claim 1, wherein the water supply and drainage pipe is a PVC hard pipe, and the inner diameter of the water supply and drainage pipe is 0.04-0.06 m.

7. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pool according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the stone layer is 0.1-0.2 m.

8. The raw soil salt tolerance identification pool of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the salt soil layer is 1.3-1.4 m.