CN212526899U - External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an external pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning, which is used for clamping parts to be processed and comprises a base, wherein a mandrel is arranged at the central position of the base, a supporting seat is sleeved outside the mandrel, the upper end of the mandrel is the mounting part of the parts to be processed and is used for positioning the central hole, and the supporting seat is used for supporting the end surface of the parts to be processed; the machining fixture further comprises a pressing mechanism and a tooth aligning mechanism which are arranged on the base in a non-interference mode, wherein the number of the pressing mechanisms is at least 3, and the pressing mechanisms are uniformly arranged on an excircle with the center of the installation position of the part to be machined as the circle center; and the tooth aligning mechanism slidably adjusts the distance between the tooth aligning mechanism and the installation part of the part to be processed, and determines the processing angular position. The fixture is provided with the tooth aligning mechanism, and the radial position can be adjusted, so that the position angle of the processing hole and the product universality are ensured; meanwhile, the split base, the supporting seat and the mandrel can be replaced; the part compresses tightly the mode and adopts three point external pressure formula, avoids boring, reaming to interfere, and height and radial position are adjustable, increase anchor clamps's commonality.

Description

External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning function

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to an external pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning.

Background

The design of the element to be machined in the timing of the diesel Weichai gear camshaft has lightening holes, through holes and pin holes which have strict position requirements with the center of the external tooth groove and the end faces of the teeth. Because the central hole is smaller and is close to the via hole, products are serialized, under the condition that no special clamp is provided, a combined clamp such as a V-shaped block, a cushion block and a pressing plate can be used for clamping, and a machine tool measuring head is used for determining the angular position for processing, but the method has low efficiency and low processing precision, is not guaranteed well, and is only suitable for processing of part samples; during mass production, a three-jaw chuck and an angular positioning device can be arranged for processing, but the clamping mode has the problems of inconsistent positioning reference, overhigh investment cost and the like; therefore, the special fixture is more suitable for processing the parts, and the fixture needs to have certain universality.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an external pressure type takes drilling, reaming anchor clamps of angular positioning to solve the technical problem such as the inefficiency of current anchor clamps, machining precision is not good to be guaranteed, the location benchmark is inconsistent, the input cost is too high.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:

an external pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning is used for clamping a part to be machined and comprises a base and is characterized in that a mandrel is arranged at the center of the base, a supporting seat is sleeved outside the mandrel, the upper end of the mandrel is a part to be machined installation part and is used for positioning a central hole, and the supporting seat is used for supporting the end face of the part to be machined;

the device also comprises a pressing mechanism and a tooth aligning mechanism which are arranged on the base in a non-interference manner, wherein the number of the pressing mechanisms is at least 3, the pressing mechanisms are uniformly arranged on an excircle which takes the center of the installation part of the part to be processed as the circle center, one end of each pressing mechanism is fixed on the base, and the other end of each pressing mechanism can movably press the upper end face of the part to be processed;

the tooth aligning mechanism slidably adjusts the distance between the tooth aligning mechanism and the installation part of the part to be machined according to the size of the part to be machined, and determines the machining angular position along the radial direction of the part to be machined;

the tooth aligning mechanism comprises a sliding seat which is arranged on the base in a sliding mode, a sliding block is arranged on the sliding seat in a sliding mode, the sliding positions of the sliding seat and the sliding block are the radial directions of parts to be machined, the tooth aligning mechanism further comprises a tooth aligning gauge which is arranged on the sliding block, and a round ball at the front end of the tooth aligning gauge is used for inserting tooth grooves of the parts to be machined.

Furthermore, the tooth aligning mechanism further comprises a positioning block, the positioning block is arranged in a second groove at the lower end of the sliding seat, the sliding block is arranged in a first groove at the upper end of the sliding seat, and the arrangement directions of the first groove and the second groove are in the radial direction of the part to be processed.

Furthermore, a rotatable eccentric shaft is arranged along the height direction of the sliding seat and the sliding block, and the tooth aligning mechanism further comprises an inlaid strip which is placed inside the sliding block and clamps the eccentric part of the eccentric shaft.

Further, the tooth gauge moves back and forth along the radial direction of the part to be processed along with the rotation of the eccentric shaft.

Furthermore, the pressing mechanism comprises a pressing plate, an adjusting support is arranged at the bottom of the pressing plate, a fourth penetrating stud is arranged on the pressing plate and is close to the center of the base, and the bottom of the adjusting support extends into the base to fix one end of the pressing plate on the base.

Furthermore, the bottom of the pressing plate is provided with a sliding groove and a through hole which can be sleeved with a fourth stud, the top of the adjusting support is propped against the sliding groove, and the pressing plate can movably press the upper end surface of the part to be processed through the fourth stud.

Specifically, the pressure plate can be adjusted along the radial direction of the part and can also be adjusted along the height direction of the fourth stud.

Furthermore, the pressing mechanism further comprises a spring, a first nut and a second nut, the bottom of the adjusting support is fixed through the first nut after penetrating into the base, the spring is sleeved on the fourth stud and located between the pressing plate and the base, the bottom of the fourth stud is fixed through the second nut, and the top of the fourth stud is located on the pressing plate and fixed through the second nut.

Preferably, a gasket is arranged between the second nut and the pressure plate.

Preferably, still set up the apron of lid on the sliding block to tooth mechanism, the supporting seat on set up the chip groove and be used for adding the chip removal man-hour.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model following beneficial effect has:

the external pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning is provided with the tooth aligning mechanism, and the radial position can be adjusted, so that the position angle of a processing hole and the product universality are ensured; meanwhile, a split type base, a supporting seat and a mandrel are designed to be replaceable, so that the universality of the clamp is improved; the part compresses tightly the mode and adopts three point external pressure formula, avoids boring, reaming to interfere, and height and radial position are adjustable, increase anchor clamps's commonality.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an external pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning;

FIG. 2 is a top view of an external pressure type angularly positioned drilling and reaming fixture;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the support base;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the support base;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the platen;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the slide mount;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the slide mount;

the reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a base; 11. a first bolt; 2. a mandrel; 21. a second bolt; 3. a supporting seat; 31. a third bolt; 32. a support plate; 33. a chip groove; 4. a hold-down mechanism; 41. pressing a plate; 41-1, through holes; 41-2, a chute; 42. adjusting and supporting; 43. a first nut; 44. a fourth stud; 45. a gasket; 46. a spring; 47. a second nut; 5. a tooth aligning mechanism; 51. positioning blocks; 52. a sliding seat; 52-1, a first pin hole; 52-2, a first groove; 52-3, a second pin hole; 52-4, a second groove; 53. a slider; 54. embedding strips; 55. an eccentric shaft; 56. a cover plate; 57. and (6) aligning the tooth gauge.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, when describing the present invention in terms of orientation, the terms "upper end", "lower end", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate an orientation or positional relationship only for the convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. If the particular gesture changes, the directional indication changes accordingly. In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., "fixed" may be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

The embodiment discloses an external pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning, which is used for clamping a part to be machined and comprises a base 1, wherein a hole is formed in the center of the base 1 to form a mandrel 2, a supporting seat 3 is sleeved outside the mandrel 2, the part is sleeved on the mandrel 2, and the supporting seat 3 is used for supporting the end face of the part to be machined; the lower end of the mandrel 2 is inserted into the base 1, the middle of the mandrel is provided with 3 counter bores for installing second bolts 21 to be fastened with the base 1, and the upper end of the mandrel is provided with a part installation part to be machined and used for placing the part to be machined and positioning a central hole.

Set up 3 counter bores installation third bolt 31 on the supporting seat 3 and fasten with base 1, evenly set up 3 chip grooves 33 simultaneously and be used for adding the chip removal man-hour, 3 upper surfaces of supporting seat set up 3 backup pads 32 and part contact, do the terminal surface and support the location, the preferred 120 degrees of contained angle between 3 backup pads 32. In addition, a plurality of support plates 32 may be selected.

The machining fixture comprises a base 1, and is characterized by further comprising a pressing mechanism 4 and a tooth aligning mechanism 5 which are arranged on the base 1 in a non-interference mode, wherein the number of the pressing mechanisms is at least 3, the pressing mechanisms are uniformly arranged on an excircle which takes the center of an installation position of a part to be machined as a circle center, one end of each pressing mechanism 4 is fixed on the base 1, and the other end of each pressing mechanism is movably used for pressing the upper end face of the part to be machined. The included angle of the 3 pressing mechanisms is preferably 120 degrees, a three-point external pressing type is formed, interference of drilling and reaming is avoided, the height and the radial position can be adjusted, and the universality of the clamp is improved. The number of the pressing mechanisms 4 can be more than 3 according to the situation, as long as the stress is uniform.

The tooth mechanism 5 is adjusted according to the part size of waiting to process and waits to process the distance at part installation position to along waiting to process the radial direction determination processing angular position of part, including slidable setting up sliding seat 52 on the base to tooth mechanism 5, slidable sets up sliding block 53 on the sliding seat 52, and the sliding position of sliding seat 52 and sliding block 53 is the radial direction of waiting to process the part, still including setting up tooth gauge 57 on sliding block 53, is used for inserting the part tooth's socket of waiting to process tooth gauge 57 front end ball. The pressing mechanism 4 and the tooth aligning mechanism 5 do not interfere with each other.

In this embodiment, the tooth aligning mechanism 5 further includes a positioning block 51, the positioning block 51 is installed on the bottom plate according to a designed angular and radial position, and is locked by a bolt, meanwhile, the positioning block 51 is disposed in a second groove 52-4 at the lower end of the sliding seat 52, the positioning block 51 is matched with the sliding seat 52 and installed on the base 1 together, and then the bolt is locked, and the distance between the positioning block 51 and the central hole of the base 1 can be adjusted in a sliding manner according to the size of a part before locking. The slide block 53 is disposed in the first groove 52-2 at the upper end of the slide holder 52, and the first groove 52-2 and the second groove 52-4 are both disposed in the radial direction of the part to be machined.

A rotatable eccentric shaft 55 is provided along the height direction of the sliding shoe 52 and the sliding block 53, and the facing mechanism 5 further includes a gib 54, the gib 54 being placed inside the sliding block 53 and sandwiching the eccentric portion of the eccentric shaft 55. The gib 54 is inserted into the slide block 53 with the eccentric shaft 55 interposed therebetween, and then is fitted into the slide holder 52. The eccentric shaft 55 is matched with the hole of the sliding seat 52, the sliding block 53 is matched with the first groove 52-2 at the upper end of the sliding seat 52, and the tooth mechanism 5 is also provided with a cover plate 56 which is covered on the sliding block 53. After the cover plate 56 is installed, the bolt locks the cover plate 56 through the first threaded hole 52-1 formed in the sliding seat 52. The eccentric shaft 55 has a countersunk head at its upper end, and when rotated, the gib 54 and the slide block 53 are driven to move in the first groove 52-2 of the slide holder 52 along the radial direction of the component. The sliding seat 52 is further provided with a second threaded hole 52-3 for fixing with the base.

The front end of the sliding block 53 along the radial direction of the part is provided with a front end hole, a tooth counter 57 is arranged in the front end hole, the tooth counter 57 moves back and forth along the radial direction of the part to be processed along with the rotation of the eccentric shaft 55, and a ball at the front end of the tooth counter 57 is used for being inserted into a tooth groove of the part.

In this embodiment, the pressing mechanism 4 includes a pressing plate 41, an adjusting support 42 is disposed at the bottom of the pressing plate 41, a fourth stud 44 penetrating through the pressing plate 41 is disposed on the pressing plate 41, the fourth stud 44 is close to the center of the base 1, and the bottom of the adjusting support 42 extends into the base 1, so as to fix one end of the pressing plate 41 on the base 1.

The bottom of the pressing plate 41 is provided with a sliding groove 41-2 and a through hole 41-1 which can be sleeved into a fourth stud 44, the top of the adjusting support 42 is propped in the sliding groove 41-2, and the pressing plate 41 can movably press the upper end face of the part to be processed through the fourth stud 44. The fourth studs 44 are studs, and the adjustment supports 42 and the fourth studs 44 are in groups of 2 each. At this time, the pressing plate 41 can be adjusted back and forth, the adjusting support 42 moves in the sliding groove 41-2, and the fourth stud 44 can be adjusted in the through hole 41-1, that is, the pressing plate 41 can be adjusted along the radial direction of the part, and can also be adjusted along the height direction of the fourth stud, so that the pressing of parts with various sizes is realized.

The pressing mechanism 4 further comprises a spring 46, a first nut 43 and a second nut 47, the bottom of the adjusting support 42 is fixed through the first nut 43 after penetrating into the base 1, and the spring 46 is sleeved on the fourth stud 44 and located between the pressing plate 41 and the base 1, so that the automatic loosening function is achieved in the process of assembling and disassembling parts. The bottom of the fourth stud 44 is fixed by a second nut 47, and the part of the fourth stud 44 that leaks out of the pressing plate 41 is partially installed in the nut, i.e. the top of the fourth stud 44 is positioned above the pressing plate 41 and fixed by the second nut 47. The first nut 43 and the second nut 47 perform a locking and adjusting function. To further adjust the height, a spacer 45 is provided between the optional second nut 47 and the pressure plate 41.

Therefore, 12 threaded holes are totally arranged on the base 1, and 3 threaded holes are uniformly distributed on 4 circumferences in 1 group, and are respectively used for fastening the mandrel 2, the supporting seat 3, the fourth stud 44 and the adjusting support 42. There are also additional screw holes and screw holes for fixing the positioning block 51 and the slide holder 52 of the counter gear mechanism 5.

To sum up, the utility model discloses an external pressure type takes the working process of brill, reaming anchor clamps of angular positioning to do:

1) clearing the positioning surface of the part, clearing the inner hole of the part, retreating the rotating eccentric shaft 55 to the tooth gauge 57, retreating 3 press plates 41, clearing the supporting surface of the clamp supporting seat 3 and the positioning surface of the mandrel 2.

2) The part to be processed is placed in the machining device according to the drawing, the eccentric shaft 55 is rotated, the tooth gauge 57 is inserted into the tooth groove of the part, the part is stirred by hands, whether the part can rotate or not is observed, if a gap exists, the position of the sliding seat 52 is adjusted until the part can be completely locked at an angle, and the tooth gauge 57 can be completely withdrawn from the tooth groove by rotating the eccentric shaft 55.

3) And sliding the pressing plate 41, pressing one side of the pressing plate 41 on the upper end surface of the part, adjusting the height of the adjusting support 42, enabling each compression nut to rotate by 1-2 screw pitches to completely compress the part, and starting to process the part after all actions are finished.

4) After the machining is finished, the second nut 47 is rotated, and the pressing plate 41 is loosened and pulled back; the eccentric shaft 55 is rotated to withdraw the tooth gauge 57, and the parts are taken out.

5) When changing the product, but quick replacement mandrel 2, supporting seat 3, the adjustment is to 5 positions of tooth mechanism, repeats above-mentioned actions.

The external pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning is provided with the tooth aligning mechanism 5, and the radial position can be adjusted, so that the position angle of a processing hole and the product universality are ensured; meanwhile, the split type base 1, the supporting seat 3 and the mandrel 2 are designed to be replaceable, so that the universality of the clamp is improved; the part compresses tightly the mode and adopts three point external pressure formula, avoids boring, reaming to interfere, and height and radial position are adjustable, increase anchor clamps's commonality.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. An external pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning is used for clamping a part to be machined and comprises a base (1) and is characterized in that a mandrel (2) is arranged at the center of the base (1), a supporting seat (3) is sleeved outside the mandrel (2), the upper end of the mandrel (2) is a part to be machined installation part and is used for positioning a center hole, and the supporting seat (3) is used for supporting the end face of the part to be machined;

the machining fixture is characterized by further comprising pressing mechanisms (4) and a tooth aligning mechanism (5), wherein the pressing mechanisms (4) and the tooth aligning mechanism are arranged on the base (1) in a non-interfering mode, the number of the pressing mechanisms (4) is at least 3, the pressing mechanisms are uniformly arranged on an excircle with the center of the installation position of a part to be machined as the circle center, one end of each pressing mechanism (4) is fixed on the base, and the other end of each pressing mechanism is movably used for pressing the upper end face of the part to be machined;

the tooth aligning mechanism (5) slidably adjusts the distance between the tooth aligning mechanism and the installation part of the part to be machined according to the size of the part to be machined, and determines the machining angular position along the radial direction of the part to be machined;

the tooth aligning mechanism (5) comprises a sliding seat (52) which is arranged on a base in a sliding mode, a sliding block (53) is arranged on the sliding seat (52) in a sliding mode, the sliding positions of the sliding seat (52) and the sliding block (53) are the radial directions of parts to be machined, and the tooth aligning mechanism further comprises a tooth aligning gauge (57) which is arranged on the sliding block (53), and a round ball at the front end of the tooth aligning gauge (57) is used for being inserted into a tooth groove of the parts to be machined.

2. External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular orientation according to claim 1, characterized in that said tooth aligning mechanism (5) further comprises a positioning block (51), said positioning block (51) is disposed in the second groove (52-4) at the lower end of said sliding seat (52), said sliding block (53) is disposed in the first groove (52-2) at the upper end of said sliding seat (52), and the directions of disposition of said first groove (52-2) and said second groove (52-4) are along the radial direction of the part to be processed.

3. External pressure type jig for drilling and reaming with angular orientation according to claim 2 characterized in that a rotatable eccentric shaft (55) is provided along the height direction of the sliding seat (52) and the sliding block (53), the contra-teeth mechanism (5) further comprises a gib (54), the gib (54) is placed inside the sliding block (53) and clamps the eccentric portion of the eccentric shaft (55).

4. External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular orientation according to claim 3, characterized by that, the tooth pair gauge (57) moves back and forth along the radial direction of the part to be processed with the rotation of the eccentric shaft (55).

5. External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressing mechanism (4) comprises a pressing plate (41), the bottom of the pressing plate (41) is provided with an adjusting support (42), the pressing plate (41) is provided with a fourth through stud (44), the fourth through stud (44) is close to the center of the base (1), the bottom of the adjusting support (42) is inserted into the base (1) to fix one end of the pressing plate (41) on the base (1).

6. External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular positioning according to claim 5, characterized in that the bottom of the pressing plate (41) is provided with a chute (41-2) and a through hole (41-1) capable of being sleeved with a fourth stud (44), the top of the adjusting support (42) is pressed against the chute (41-2), and the pressing plate (41) is movably pressed on the upper end surface of the part to be processed through the fourth stud (44).

7. External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular orientation according to claim 6, characterized in that the said platen (41) can be adjusted along the radial direction of the part to be processed and also along the height direction of the said fourth stud (44).

8. External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular orientation according to claim 5, characterized in that the compressing mechanism (4) further comprises a spring (46), a first nut (43) and a second nut (47), the bottom of the adjusting support (42) is fixed by the first nut (43) after penetrating into the base (1), the spring (46) is sleeved on the fourth stud (44) and is located between the pressing plate (41) and the base (1), the bottom of the fourth stud (44) is fixed by the second nut (47), and the top of the fourth stud (44) is located above the pressing plate (41) and is fixed by the second nut (47).

9. External pressure type jig for drilling and reaming with angular orientation according to claim 8 characterized in that a spacer (45) is provided between the second nut (47) and the pressure plate (41).

10. External pressure type drilling and reaming fixture with angular orientation according to claim 3, characterized in that the tooth aligning mechanism (5) is further provided with a cover plate (56) covering the sliding block (53), and the supporting seat (3) is provided with a chip removing groove (33) for removing chips during processing.

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