CN212513661U - Heat exchanger test bench - Google Patents
Heat exchanger test bench Download PDFInfo
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- CN212513661U CN212513661U CN202021660732.0U CN202021660732U CN212513661U CN 212513661 U CN212513661 U CN 212513661U CN 202021660732 U CN202021660732 U CN 202021660732U CN 212513661 U CN212513661 U CN 212513661U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a heat exchanger test bench, which comprises a compressor unit, an auxiliary condenser unit, a refrigerant metering unit and an auxiliary evaporator unit, wherein the components are communicated in sequence and form a complete loop; the compressor unit has a suction side and a discharge side and provides circulating power for the refrigerant; the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary condenser unit is communicated with the exhaust end of the compressor unit; the input end of the refrigerant metering unit is communicated with the refrigerant output end of the condenser unit; the output end of the refrigerant metering unit quantitatively outputs the refrigerant of the vapor-liquid two phases; the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary evaporator unit is communicated with the output end of the refrigerant metering unit, and the output end of the auxiliary evaporator unit is communicated with the suction side of the compressor unit; when the performance of the heat exchanger to be tested is tested, the corresponding condenser unit to be tested or the evaporator unit to be tested is connected into the loop; the refrigerant metering unit may regulate the supply amount of refrigerant in the circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a heat exchanger capability test technical field especially relates to a heat exchanger test rack.
Background
The evaporator and the condenser are two heat exchangers with different functions, are core heat exchange equipment used in the occasions of steam compression type refrigeration cycle, absorption type refrigeration cycle and the like, and are widely applied to the fields of heating ventilation air conditioning, food refrigeration, freeze drying, low-temperature heat exchange, chemical heat exchange and the like.
The evaporator and the condenser must be subjected to heat exchange quantity test on a special test bench in the design stage so as to check parameters such as heat exchange quantity, water cavity resistance and the like. Due to the difference of the principles of the evaporator and the condenser, the test bench aiming at the evaporator and the condenser is designed and built independently at present, and the test equipment cannot be used universally; and in order to avoid the problems of oil shortage, burnout and the like of the compressor caused by the reduction of oil return capacity of the evaporator and the pipeline under the low-load working condition, the test capacity of the rack is fixed, so that the design and construction cost of the rack is high, the system is complex, and the applicable range of the heat exchanger to be tested is limited.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a heat exchanger test bench of sharing type that applicable evaporator and condenser, capacity can be adjusted.
The utility model provides a heat exchanger test rack, include
A compressor unit having a suction side and a discharge side, the compressor unit sucking a gaseous refrigerant from the suction side, pressurizing the refrigerant, and discharging the pressurized refrigerant from the discharge side, and providing a circulating power to the refrigerant;
the auxiliary condenser unit is communicated with the exhaust end of the compressor unit at the refrigerant input end and is used for condensing the input gaseous refrigerant and then discharging the condensed gaseous refrigerant through the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit;
the input end of the refrigerant metering unit is communicated with the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit; the refrigerant metering unit carries out supercooling condensation, drying and throttling expansion on the refrigerant to obtain a vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and the output end of the refrigerant metering unit quantitatively outputs the vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant;
the auxiliary evaporator unit is communicated with the output end of the refrigerant metering unit at the refrigerant input end and the suction side of the compressor unit at the output end, and evaporates the fed vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant and feeds the gaseous refrigerant into the suction side of the compressor unit; the compressor unit, the auxiliary condenser unit, the refrigerant metering unit and the auxiliary evaporator unit are communicated in sequence to form a complete loop;
a condenser unit to be tested or an evaporator unit to be tested and a first temperature regulating water tank and a second temperature regulating water tank; when the performance of the heat exchanger to be tested is tested, the corresponding condenser unit or evaporator unit to be tested is connected into the loop, and a refrigerant is input into the loop; the first temperature regulating water tank is used for providing heat exchange water for the auxiliary condenser unit, the refrigerant metering unit, the auxiliary evaporator unit or the condenser unit to be measured respectively; the second temperature regulating water tank provides heat exchange water for the condenser unit to be tested or the evaporator unit to be tested; the refrigerant metering unit may adjust a supply amount of refrigerant in the circuit.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the refrigerant metering unit includes a first input branch, a second input branch and a first expansion valve, an input end of the first input branch and an input end of the second input branch are selectively communicated with a refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit, and a refrigerant output end of the condenser unit to be tested is selectively communicated with an input end of the first input branch; the output end of the first input branch is communicated with the input end of a first expansion valve, the output end of the second input branch is selectively communicated with the input end of the first expansion valve, and the output end of the first expansion valve is selectively communicated with the refrigerant input end of an auxiliary evaporator unit or an evaporator unit to be tested; the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit to be tested is selectively communicated with the air suction side of the compressor unit;
the first input branch comprises a subcooler, a first liquid storage device, a first drying device and a mass flow meter, the subcooler, the first liquid storage device, the first drying device and the mass flow meter are sequentially communicated, a refrigerant input end of the subcooler is used as an input end of the first input branch, and an output end of the mass flow meter is used as an output end of the first input branch; the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the subcooler are both communicated with the first temperature-regulating water tank;
the second input branch comprises a second liquid storage device and a second drying device, the second liquid storage device and the second drying device, the input end of the second liquid storage device is used as the input end of the second input branch, and the output end of the second drying device is used as the output end of the second input branch.
Preferably, the refrigerant metering unit further comprises a second expansion valve, and when the evaporator unit to be tested is connected into the loop, the second expansion valve is also connected into the loop; the input end of the second expansion valve is communicated with the output end of the first drying device, the output end of the second expansion valve is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary evaporator unit, and the output end of the first expansion valve is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit to be tested.
Still further preferably, the condenser unit under test comprises a precooler and a condenser under test; when the condenser unit to be tested is connected into the loop, the refrigerant input end of the precooler is communicated with the exhaust side of the compressor unit, the refrigerant output end of the precooler is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the condenser to be tested, and the refrigerant output end of the condenser to be tested is communicated with the input end of the first input branch circuit; the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the precooler are both communicated with the first temperature-regulating water tank; the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the condenser to be measured are communicated with the second temperature regulating water tank; the precooler is used for preliminarily cooling the refrigerant and then sending the refrigerant into the refrigerant input end of the condenser to be measured.
Still further preferably, a water outlet end of the second temperature regulating water tank is provided with a heat exchange water flow meter, and the heat exchange water flow meter is used for measuring the flow of heat exchange water input into the condenser to be measured or input into the evaporator unit to be measured from the second temperature regulating water tank.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the compressor unit includes a needle valve, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor, the gas-liquid separator and the compressor are connected in sequence, a refrigerant input end of the gas-liquid separator is used as a suction side of the compressor unit, and a refrigerant output end of the compressor is used as a discharge side of the compressor unit; the gas-liquid separator separates liquid refrigerant which is not completely evaporated from the refrigerant, and the needle valve is connected into the loop and supplements the refrigerant to the loop.
Additionally, the utility model relates to a heat exchanger test rack, its application method specifically includes following step:
s1: a loop for forming a refrigerant cycle by connecting the compressor unit, the auxiliary condenser unit, the refrigerant metering unit and the auxiliary evaporator unit in sequence; the first temperature-regulating water tank is communicated with the auxiliary condenser unit, the refrigerant metering unit and the auxiliary evaporator unit respectively and provides heat exchange water for the auxiliary condenser unit, the refrigerant metering unit and the auxiliary evaporator unit;
s2: a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged on the suction side and the exhaust side of the compressor unit, the water outlet end and the water inlet end of the second temperature regulating water tank, the refrigerant input end and the refrigerant output end of the condenser to be measured, the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit to be measured, the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the condenser to be measured or the evaporator unit to be measured and the input end of the first expansion valve;
s3: when the condenser unit to be tested is tested, the condenser unit to be tested is connected into the loop on the loop of the step S2, the second input branch of the refrigerant metering unit is opened, the second expansion valve is disconnected, the exhaust side of the compressor unit is respectively communicated with the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary condenser unit and the refrigerant input end of the condenser unit to be tested, and the refrigerant output end of the condenser unit to be tested is communicated with the input end of the first input branch; the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit is only communicated with the input end of the second input branch, and the output end of the first input branch and the output end of the second input branch are both communicated with the input end of the first expansion valve; the first temperature regulating water tank provides heat exchange water for a precooler of the condenser unit to be measured, and the second temperature regulating water tank provides heat exchange water for the condenser to be measured;
s4: acquiring the temperature and pressure of a refrigerant input end of the condenser to be detected, the temperature and pressure of a refrigerant output end of the condenser to be detected, the water temperature and pressure of a water inlet end and a water outlet end of the condenser to be detected, the flow of heat exchange water and the refrigerant flow of the first expansion valve, and the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant at an input end of the first expansion valve in the step S3, and calculating the heat exchange quantity of the condenser to be detected and the resistance of the water side of the condenser to be detected after the condenser unit to be detected reaches a preset working state;
s5: when the evaporator unit to be tested is tested, the evaporator unit to be tested is connected into the loop on the loop of the step S2, the second input branch is disconnected, the second expansion valve is opened, the exhaust side of the compressor unit is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary condenser unit, and the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit is communicated with the input end of the first input branch; the output end of the first input branch is communicated with the input end of a first expansion valve, the output end of the first expansion valve is only communicated with the refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit to be tested, the refrigerant input end of a second expansion valve is communicated with the output end of a first drying device, the refrigerant output end of the second expansion valve is communicated with the refrigerant input end of an auxiliary evaporator unit, and the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit to be tested and the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary evaporator unit are both communicated with the air suction side of the compressor unit; the second temperature regulating water tank provides heat exchange water for the evaporator unit to be tested;
s6: and S5, acquiring the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit to be tested, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit to be tested, the water temperature and pressure of the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the evaporator unit to be tested, the flow of heat exchange water, the flow of the refrigerant of the first expansion valve and the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant at the input end of the first expansion valve, and calculating the heat exchange quantity of the evaporator unit to be tested and the resistance of the water side of the evaporator unit to be tested after the evaporator unit to be tested reaches a preset working state.
Further preferably, the method for calculating the heat exchange amount of the condenser to be measured and the resistance of the water side of the condenser to be measured in step S4 includes:
according to the temperature t of the refrigerant input end of the condenser to be measured3And pressure p3Obtaining enthalpy value h of the refrigerant input end of the condenser to be measured3(ii) a According to the temperature t of the refrigerant output end of the condenser to be measured4And pressure p4Obtaining enthalpy value h of the output end of the condenser refrigerant to be measured4(ii) a The mass flowmeter obtains the mass flow m of the refrigerant1(ii) a Calculating the heat exchange quantity Q of the condenser refrigerant to be measured1，Q1＝m1×(h3-h4)；
The mass flow m of the heat exchange water of the condenser to be measured is obtained by the heat exchange water flowmeter2Obtaining the temperature t of the water inlet end of the condenser to be measured7And temperature t of water outlet end8Temperature difference Δ t ═ t7-t8Calculating the heat exchange quantity Q of the heat exchange water for the condenser to be measured2，Q2＝m2X c x Δ t; c is the specific heat capacity of water;
according to the heat exchange quantity Q of the heat exchange water for the condenser to be tested2Heat exchange quantity Q with the refrigerant of the condenser to be measured1Calculating the relative deviation delta, delta ═ Q of the two2-Q1|/Q1；
The resistance delta p of the water side of the condenser to be measured is determined according to the pressure p of the water inlet end of the condenser to be measured7And pressure p at the water outlet end8The difference is obtained, Δ p is p7-p8。
Further preferably, the method for calculating the heat exchange amount of the evaporator unit to be tested and the resistance of the water side of the evaporator unit to be tested in step S6 includes:
according to the temperature t of the input end of the first expansion valve5And pressure p5Obtaining enthalpy value h of the refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit to be tested5(ii) a According to the temperature t of the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit to be tested6And pressure p6Obtaining the enthalpy value h of the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit to be tested6(ii) a The mass flowmeter obtains the mass flow m of the refrigerant3(ii) a Calculating the heat exchange quantity Q of the evaporator unit refrigerant to be measured3，Q3＝m3×(h5-h6)；
The mass flow m of the heat exchange water of the evaporator unit to be tested is obtained by the heat exchange water flowmeter4Obtaining the temperature t of the water inlet end of the evaporator unit to be measured9And temperature t of water outlet end10Temperature difference Δ t ═ t10-t9Calculating the heat exchange quantity Q of the heat exchange water of the evaporator unit to be measured4，Q4＝m4X c x Δ t; c is the specific heat capacity of water;
according to the heat exchange quantity Q of the heat exchange water of the evaporator unit to be tested3Heat exchange quantity Q with the evaporator unit refrigerant to be tested3Calculating the relative deviation delta, delta ═ Q of the two4-Q3|/Q3；
The resistance delta p of the water side of the evaporator unit to be tested is determined according to the pressure p of the water inlet end of the evaporator unit to be tested9And pressure p at the water outlet end10The difference is obtained, Δ p is p9-p10。
The utility model provides a pair of heat exchanger test rack for prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) the test bench of the utility model can test the evaporator and the condenser through the pipeline design and switching, thereby improving the integration level of the equipment; the refrigerant metering unit can adjust the refrigerant in the loop, realize accurate adjustment and facilitate the test of heat exchangers with different specifications;
(2) the auxiliary evaporator units respectively undertake the shunting adjustment of the refrigerant of the main evaporator or the evaporator unit to be tested under different working states, so as to realize different auxiliary evaporation functions;
(3) under different working states, the auxiliary condenser units respectively undertake the main condenser or carry out shunt regulation on the refrigerant of the condenser unit to be measured, and different auxiliary condensation functions are realized;
(4) the system structure of the bench is simplified due to the universality of key equipment, the detection of the condenser and the detection of the evaporator are shared, and the complexity of system test can be reduced;
(5) the utility model relates to a second input branch and a second expansion valve which are connected in parallel realize the expansion of an auxiliary loop and realize the capacity adjustability of the loop; the auxiliary evaporator unit and the evaporator unit to be tested are provided with oil return bent pipes, so that the oil return capacity under the low-flow working condition is improved; the compressor unit is provided with the oil separator, so that migration of lubricating oil of the compressor to the loop is reduced, and the capacity adjustment capability of the refrigerant of the loop is improved safely and reliably;
(6) the opening degree of the first expansion valve or the second expansion valve is adjusted according to specific working conditions, the heat exchange quantity of the heat exchanger is obtained by combining a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor of the loop, and the heat exchange quantity of the water side is checked and verified, so that the accuracy and the reliability of measurement and calculation are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a pipeline layout diagram of a heat exchanger test bench of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a pipeline layout diagram of the heat exchanger testing rack for testing the condenser unit to be tested according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is the utility model relates to a heat exchanger test rack carries out the piping arrangement picture that tests to the evaporimeter unit that awaits measuring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, a block diagram of a heat exchanger test rig and apparatus for its method of use is shown.
The utility model provides a heat exchanger test rack, include
A compressor unit 1 having a suction side and a discharge side, the compressor unit 1 sucking a gaseous refrigerant from the suction side, pressurizing the refrigerant, and discharging the pressurized refrigerant from the discharge side, and providing a circulating power to the refrigerant;
the auxiliary condenser unit 2 is communicated with the exhaust end of the compressor unit 1 at the refrigerant input end, and the auxiliary condenser unit 2 condenses the input gaseous refrigerant and then discharges the condensed gaseous refrigerant through the refrigerant output end;
a refrigerant metering unit 3, the input end of which communicates with the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit 2; the refrigerant metering unit 3 carries out supercooling condensation, drying and throttling expansion on the refrigerant to obtain a vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and the output end of the refrigerant metering unit 3 quantitatively outputs the vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant;
the auxiliary evaporator unit 4 is communicated with the output end of the refrigerant metering unit 3 at the refrigerant input end and is communicated with the suction side of the compressor unit 1 at the output end, and evaporates the fed vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant and feeds the gaseous refrigerant to the suction side of the compressor unit 1; the compressor unit 1, the auxiliary condenser unit 2, the refrigerant metering unit 3 and the auxiliary evaporator unit 4 are communicated in sequence to form a complete loop; the circuit is also used as the basic component of the test bench, and refrigerant circulates in the circuit;
a condenser unit 5 to be tested or an evaporator unit 6 to be tested, and a first temperature-regulating water tank 7 and a second temperature-regulating water tank 8; when the performance of the heat exchanger to be tested is tested, the corresponding condenser unit 5 or evaporator unit 6 to be tested is connected into the loop, and a refrigerant is input into the loop; the first temperature-regulating water tank 7 is used for respectively providing heat exchange water for the auxiliary condenser unit 2, the refrigerant metering unit 3, the auxiliary evaporator unit 4 or the condenser unit 5 to be measured; the second temperature-regulating water tank 8 provides heat exchange water for the condenser unit 5 to be tested or the evaporator unit 6 to be tested; the refrigerant metering unit 3 can adjust the supply amount of refrigerant in the circuit. The first temperature-regulating water tank 7 and the second temperature-regulating water tank 8 provide water with a certain temperature for the test bench for heat exchange of each device of the heat exchanger or the loop to be tested.
As shown in fig. 1 in conjunction with fig. 2 and 3, wherein the refrigerant metering unit 3 includes a first input branch 31, a second input branch 32 and a first expansion valve 33, an input end of the first input branch 31 and an input end of the second input branch 32 are selectively communicated with a refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit 2, and a refrigerant output end of the condenser unit 5 under test is selectively communicated with an input end of the first input branch 31; the output end of the first input branch 31 is communicated with the input end of the first expansion valve 33, the output end of the second input branch 32 is selectively communicated with the input end of the first expansion valve 33, and the output end of the first expansion valve 33 is selectively communicated with the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary evaporator unit 4 or the evaporator unit 6 to be tested; the refrigerant output of the evaporator unit under test 6 is selectively in communication with the suction side of the compressor unit 1.
Specifically, the first input branch 31 includes a subcooler 311, a first liquid storage device 312, a first drying device 313 and a mass flow meter 314, the subcooler 311, the first liquid storage device 312, the first drying device 313 and the mass flow meter 314 are sequentially communicated, a refrigerant input end of the subcooler 311 serves as an input end of the first input branch 31, and an output end of the mass flow meter 314 serves as an output end of the first input branch 31; the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the subcooler 311 are both communicated with the first temperature-regulating water tank 7;
the second input branch 32 includes a second liquid storage device 321 and a second drying device 322, and the second liquid storage device 321 and the second drying device 322, an input end of the second liquid storage device 321 serves as an input end of the second input branch 32, and an output end of the second drying device 322 serves as an output end of the second input branch 32.
In different working states, the access state of the second input branch 32 is changed, when the test bench is used for measuring the condenser unit 5 to be measured, in the access loop of the second input branch 32, the auxiliary condenser unit 2 can shunt and regulate the refrigerant according to the heat exchange capacity of the condenser unit 5 to be measured, so that part of the refrigerant flows to the second input branch 32 after being processed by the auxiliary condenser unit 2, and the refrigerant with proper flow flows to the first input branch 31 after being processed by the condenser unit 5 to be measured, thereby ensuring that the flow of the refrigerant flowing through the condenser unit 5 to be measured is proper, and achieving the effect of regulating the flow of the refrigerant; similarly, when the test bench is used for measuring the evaporator unit 6 to be tested, the second input branch 32 is disconnected, and the refrigerant treated by the auxiliary condenser unit 2 flows into the first input branch 31, and then is treated by the first expansion valve 33 and then is input into the evaporator unit 6 to be tested; in order to further adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested and expand the application range of the equipment, the refrigerant metering unit 3 further comprises a second expansion valve 34, and when the evaporator unit 6 to be tested is connected into the loop, the second expansion valve 34 is also connected into the loop; an input end of the second expansion valve 34 is communicated with an output end of the first drying device 313, an output end of the second expansion valve 34 is communicated with a refrigerant input end of the auxiliary evaporator unit 4, and an output end of the first expansion valve 33 is communicated with a refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit under test 6. The flow rate of the refrigerant entering the evaporator unit 6 under test is adjusted by the connection of the second expansion valve 34, and the flow rate adjustment effect is also achieved. The first liquid storage device 312 and the second liquid storage device 321 are used for storing condensed liquid refrigerant, which contributes to the stability of the refrigerant cycle. The first drying device 313 and the second drying device 322 help to take out a small amount of moisture and impurities in the refrigerant, and prevent ice blockage and dirty blockage from occurring inside the loop of the test bench. The mass flow meter 314 can measure the mass flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the condenser unit under test 5 or the evaporator unit under test 6, facilitating subsequent calculations.
A liquid viewing mirror can be arranged at the input part of the first expansion valve 33 in the loop, so that whether the refrigerant in the loop is completely condensed into liquid or not can be conveniently observed, and the test effect is ensured. When the liquid observation mirror observes that bubbles exist, the reliable condensation effect is not achieved, and the test result is invalid.
As shown in fig. 1, the condenser unit under test 5 includes a precooler 51 and a condenser under test 52; when the condenser unit 5 to be tested is connected into the loop, the refrigerant input end of the precooler 51 is communicated with the exhaust side of the compressor unit 1, the refrigerant output end of the precooler 51 is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the condenser 52 to be tested, and the refrigerant output end of the condenser 52 to be tested is communicated with the input end of the first input branch 31; the precooler 51 performs primary cooling on the refrigerant and then sends the refrigerant to the refrigerant input end of the condenser 52 to be measured. The water inlet end and the water outlet end of the precooler 51 are both communicated with the first temperature-regulating water tank 7. The water inlet end and the water outlet end of the condenser 52 to be measured are communicated with the second temperature-regulating water tank 8.
The refrigerant output ends of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested and the auxiliary evaporator unit 4 are both provided with oil return bends, and as the lubricating oil of the compressor unit 1 can migrate into the loop along with the refrigerant, the throttled loop must have sufficient flow velocity to bring the lubricating oil back to the compressor unit 1. In addition, the capacity of the test bench can be adjusted, and the oil return capacity can be attenuated, so that the oil return bend is arranged, and the oil return capacity of the low-flow-rate working condition can be enhanced.
A water outlet end of the second temperature-adjusting water tank 8 is provided with a heat exchange water flow meter 81, and the heat exchange water flow meter 81 measures the flow of heat exchange water input from the second temperature-adjusting water tank 8 to the condenser 52 to be tested or input to the evaporator unit 6 to be tested.
As shown in fig. 1, the compressor unit 1 includes a needle valve 11, a gas-liquid separator 12 and a compressor 13, the gas-liquid separator 12 and the compressor 13 are connected in sequence, a refrigerant input end of the gas-liquid separator 12 is used as a suction side of the compressor unit 1, and a refrigerant output end of the compressor 13 is used as a discharge side of the compressor unit 1; the gas-liquid separator 12 separates liquid refrigerant that is not completely evaporated from the refrigerant, prevents liquid impact of the liquid refrigerant entering the compressor 13, and the needle valve 11 is engaged in the circuit to replenish the refrigerant to the circuit. A high-low pressure protector can be arranged on the compressor 13 to monitor the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor 13 so as to realize shutdown protection.
The utility model relates to a use method of heat exchanger test rack specifically includes following step:
s1: a loop in which a compressor unit 1, an auxiliary condenser unit 2, a refrigerant metering unit 3, and an auxiliary evaporator unit 4 are connected in this order to constitute a refrigerant cycle; the first temperature-regulating water tank 7 is respectively communicated with the auxiliary condenser unit 2, the refrigerant metering unit 3 and the auxiliary evaporator unit 4 and provides heat exchange water for the auxiliary condenser unit 2, the refrigerant metering unit 3 and the auxiliary evaporator unit 4;
s2: temperature sensors and pressure sensors are arranged on the suction side and the exhaust side of the compressor unit 1, the water outlet end and the water inlet end of the second temperature-regulating water tank 8, the refrigerant input end and the refrigerant output end of the condenser 52 to be tested, the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested, the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the condenser 52 to be tested or the evaporator unit 6 to be tested, and the input end of the first expansion valve 33; the configuration states of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are as follows:
s3: when the condenser unit 5 to be tested is tested, the condenser unit 5 to be tested is connected to the loop in step S2, the first input branch 31 and the second input branch 32 of the refrigerant metering unit 3 are opened, the second expansion valve 34 is disconnected, the exhaust side of the compressor unit 1 is respectively communicated with the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary condenser unit 2 and the refrigerant input end of the condenser unit 5 to be tested, and the refrigerant output end of the condenser unit 5 to be tested is communicated with the input end of the first input branch 31; the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit 2 is communicated with only the input end of the second input branch 32, and both the output end of the first input branch 31 and the output end of the second input branch 32 are communicated with the input end of the first expansion valve 33; the first temperature-regulating water tank 7 provides heat exchange water for a precooler 51 of the condenser unit 5 to be measured, and the second temperature-regulating water tank 8 provides heat exchange water for a condenser 52 to be measured; the states of the valves F1-F25 in FIG. 1 are adjusted to: f6, F10, F11, F12, F14 and F15 are closed, and the rest valves are all opened, so that the structure of fig. 2 is obtained;
s4: acquiring the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant input end of the condenser 52 to be tested, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant output end of the condenser 52 to be tested, the water temperature and pressure of the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the condenser 52 to be tested, the flow of the heat exchange water, the refrigerant flow of the first expansion valve 33 and the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant at the input end of the first expansion valve 33 in the step S3, and calculating the heat exchange amount of the condenser 52 to be tested and the resistance of the condenser 52 to be tested on the water side after the condenser unit 5 to be tested reaches a preset working state;
s5: when the evaporator unit 6 to be tested is tested, the evaporator unit 6 to be tested is connected to the loop in step S2, the second input branch 32 is disconnected, the second expansion valve 34 is opened, the exhaust side of the compressor unit 1 is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary condenser unit 2, and the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit 2 is communicated with the input end of the first input branch 31; the output end of the first input branch 31 is communicated with the input end of a first expansion valve 33, the output end of the first expansion valve 33 is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit to be tested only, the refrigerant input end of a second expansion valve 34 is communicated with the output end of a first drying device 313, the refrigerant output end of the second expansion valve 34 is communicated with the refrigerant input end of an auxiliary evaporator unit 4, and the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit to be tested 6 and the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary evaporator unit 4 are both communicated with the suction side of the compressor unit 1; the second temperature-regulating water tank 8 provides heat exchange water for the evaporator unit 6 to be tested; the states of the valves F1-F25 in FIG. 1 are adjusted to: f2, F3, F4, F7, F9, F18, F19, F20, and F21 are closed, and the remaining valves are all opened, so that the structure of fig. 3 is obtained;
s6: the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested, the water temperature and pressure of the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested, the flow rate of the heat exchange water, the refrigerant flow rate of the first expansion valve 33, and the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant at the input end of the first expansion valve 33 in the step S5 are obtained, and when the evaporator unit 6 to be tested reaches a predetermined working state, the heat exchange amount of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested and the resistance of the water side of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested are calculated.
Further preferably, the method for calculating the heat exchange amount of the condenser to be measured and the resistance of the water side of the condenser to be measured in step S4 includes:
in the above step S4, the temperature t at the refrigerant input end of the condenser to be measured is used as the basis3And pressure p3Obtaining enthalpy value h of the refrigerant input end of the condenser to be measured3(ii) a According to the temperature t of the refrigerant output end of the condenser 52 to be measured4And pressure p4Obtaining the enthalpy h of the refrigerant output end of the condenser 52 to be measured4(ii) a The mass flow meter 314 obtains the mass flow m of the refrigerant1(ii) a Calculating the heat exchange quantity Q of the refrigerant of the condenser 52 to be measured1，Q1＝m1×(h3-h4)；
The heat exchange water flow meter 81 acquires the mass flow m of the heat exchange water of the condenser to be measured2Obtaining the temperature t of the water inlet end of the condenser 52 to be measured7And temperature t of water outlet end8Temperature difference Δ t ═ t7-t8And calculating the heat exchange quantity Q of the heat exchange water for the condenser 52 to be measured2，Q2＝m2X c x Δ t; c is the specific heat capacity of water;
according to the heat exchange quantity Q of the heat exchange water of the condenser 52 to be measured2Heat exchange amount Q with refrigerant of condenser 52 to be measured1Calculating the relative deviation delta, delta ═ Q of the two2-Q1|/Q1(ii) a By checking this deviation, it is checked whether the error of the deviation is within an acceptable range, and whether the heat exchange effect of the condenser 52 is reliable is confirmed.
The resistance Δ p of the water side of the condenser to be measured is based on the pressure p of the water inlet end of the condenser 52 to be measured7And pressure p at the water outlet end8The difference is obtained, Δ p is p7-p8。
In addition, the method for calculating the heat exchange amount of the evaporator unit under test 6 and the resistance of the water side of the evaporator unit under test 6 in the step S6 includes:
likeAccording to the temperature t of the input end of the first expansion valve 335And pressure p5Obtaining the enthalpy value h of the refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested5(ii) a According to the temperature t of the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested6And pressure p6Obtaining the enthalpy value h of the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested6(ii) a The mass flow meter 314 obtains the mass flow m of the refrigerant3(ii) a Calculating the heat exchange quantity Q of the refrigerant of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested3， Q3＝m3×(h5-h6)；
The heat exchange water flow meter 81 acquires the mass flow m of the heat exchange water of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested4Obtaining the temperature t of the water inlet end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested9And temperature t of water outlet end10Temperature difference Δ t ═ t10-t9And calculating the heat exchange quantity Q of the heat exchange water for the evaporator unit 6 to be tested4，Q4＝m4X c x Δ t; c is the specific heat capacity of water;
according to the heat exchange quantity Q of the heat exchange water of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested3Heat exchange amount Q with refrigerant of evaporator unit 6 to be tested3Calculating the relative deviation delta, delta ═ Q of the two4-Q3|/Q3(ii) a By checking such deviation, it is checked whether the error of the deviation is within an acceptable range, and it is confirmed whether the heat exchange effect of the evaporator unit 6 is reliable.
The resistance delta p of the water side of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested is determined according to the pressure p of the water inlet end of the evaporator unit 6 to be tested9And pressure p at the water outlet end10The difference is obtained, Δ p is p9-p10。
The utility model discloses a testboard frame also can be applicable to the forced air cooling heat exchanger, with valve F14, F15, F20 and F21 not with first thermoregulation water tank 7 or second thermoregulation water tank 8 intercommunication, but with the experimental amount of wind measurement system who uses of enthalpy difference, the technique and the check of refrigerant heat transfer volume can be carried out equally.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a heat exchanger test bench which characterized in that: comprises that
A compressor unit (1) having a suction side and a discharge side, the compressor unit (1) sucking a gaseous refrigerant from the suction side, pressurizing the refrigerant, and discharging the pressurized refrigerant from the discharge side, and providing power for the refrigerant to circulate;
the auxiliary condenser unit (2) is communicated with the exhaust end of the compressor unit (1) at the refrigerant input end, and the auxiliary condenser unit (2) condenses the input gaseous refrigerant and then discharges the condensed gaseous refrigerant through the refrigerant output end;
a refrigerant metering unit (3) having an input end communicating with a refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit (2); the refrigerant metering unit (3) carries out supercooling condensation, drying and throttling expansion on the refrigerant to obtain a vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and the output end of the refrigerant metering unit (3) quantitatively outputs the vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant;
the auxiliary evaporator unit (4) is communicated with the output end of the refrigerant metering unit (3) at the refrigerant input end and communicated with the suction side of the compressor unit (1) at the output end, and evaporates the fed vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant and feeds the gaseous refrigerant to the suction side of the compressor unit (1); the compressor unit (1), the auxiliary condenser unit (2), the refrigerant metering unit (3) and the auxiliary evaporator unit (4) are communicated in sequence to form a complete loop;
a condenser unit (5) to be tested or an evaporator unit (6) to be tested, a first temperature regulating water tank (7) and a second temperature regulating water tank (8); when the performance of the heat exchanger to be tested is tested, the corresponding condenser unit (5) or evaporator unit (6) to be tested is connected into the loop, and a refrigerant is input into the loop; the first temperature-regulating water tank (7) is used for providing heat exchange water for the auxiliary condenser unit (2), the refrigerant metering unit (3), the auxiliary evaporator unit (4) or the condenser unit (5) to be tested respectively; the second temperature-regulating water tank (8) provides heat exchange water for the condenser unit (5) to be tested or the evaporator unit (6) to be tested; the refrigerant metering unit (3) can adjust the amount of refrigerant supplied in the circuit.
2. A heat exchanger test rig according to claim 1, wherein: the refrigerant metering unit (3) comprises a first input branch (31), a second input branch (32) and a first expansion valve (33), the input ends of the first input branch (31) and the second input branch (32) are selectively communicated with the refrigerant output end of the auxiliary condenser unit (2), and the refrigerant output end of the condenser unit to be tested (5) is selectively communicated with the input end of the first input branch (31); the output end of the first input branch (31) is communicated with the input end of a first expansion valve (33), the output end of the second input branch (32) is selectively communicated with the input end of the first expansion valve (33), and the output end of the first expansion valve (33) is selectively communicated with the refrigerant input end of an auxiliary evaporator unit (4) or an evaporator unit to be tested (6); the refrigerant output end of the evaporator unit (6) to be tested is selectively communicated with the suction side of the compressor unit (1);
the first input branch (31) comprises a subcooler (311), a first liquid storage device (312), a first drying device (313) and a mass flow meter (314), the subcooler (311), the first liquid storage device (312), the first drying device (313) and the mass flow meter (314) are sequentially communicated, a refrigerant input end of the subcooler (311) serves as an input end of the first input branch (31), and an output end of the mass flow meter (314) serves as an output end of the first input branch (31); the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the subcooler (311) are both communicated with the first temperature-regulating water tank (7);
the second input branch (32) comprises a second liquid storage device (321) and a second drying device (322), the second liquid storage device (321) and the second drying device (322), the input end of the second liquid storage device (321) serves as the input end of the second input branch (32), and the output end of the second drying device (322) serves as the output end of the second input branch (32).
3. A heat exchanger test rig according to claim 2, wherein: the refrigerant metering unit (3) further comprises a second expansion valve (34), and when the evaporator unit (6) to be tested is connected into the loop, the second expansion valve (34) is also connected into the loop; the input end of the second expansion valve (34) is communicated with the output end of the first drying device (313), the output end of the second expansion valve (34) is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the auxiliary evaporator unit (4), and the output end of the first expansion valve (33) is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the evaporator unit to be tested (6).
4. A heat exchanger test rig according to claim 2, wherein: the condenser unit (5) to be tested comprises a precooler (51) and a condenser (52) to be tested; when the condenser unit (5) to be tested is connected into the loop, the refrigerant input end of the precooler (51) is communicated with the exhaust side of the compressor unit (1), the refrigerant output end of the precooler (51) is communicated with the refrigerant input end of the condenser (52) to be tested, and the refrigerant output end of the condenser (52) to be tested is communicated with the input end of the first input branch (31); the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the precooler (51) are both communicated with the first temperature-regulating water tank (7); the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the condenser (52) to be measured are communicated with the second temperature regulating water tank (8); the precooler (51) performs primary cooling on the refrigerant and then sends the refrigerant to the refrigerant input end of the condenser (52) to be measured.
5. A heat exchanger test rig according to claim 4, wherein: and a water outlet end of the second temperature regulating water tank (8) is provided with a heat exchange water flow meter (81), and the heat exchange water flow meter (81) is used for measuring the flow of heat exchange water input into the condenser (52) to be measured or input into the evaporator unit (6) to be measured from the second temperature regulating water tank (8).
6. A heat exchanger test rig according to claim 1, wherein: the compressor unit (1) comprises a needle valve (11), a gas-liquid separator (12) and a compressor (13), the gas-liquid separator (12) and the compressor (13) are sequentially connected, a refrigerant input end of the gas-liquid separator (12) is used as an air suction side of the compressor unit (1), and a refrigerant output end of the compressor (13) is used as an air discharge side of the compressor unit (1); the gas-liquid separator (12) separates liquid refrigerant which is not completely evaporated in the refrigerant, and the needle valve (11) is connected into the loop and supplements the refrigerant to the loop.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021660732.0U CN212513661U (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Heat exchanger test bench |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021660732.0U CN212513661U (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Heat exchanger test bench |
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