CN212508429U

CN212508429U - Railway tunnel drainage structure

Info

Publication number: CN212508429U
Application number: CN202021039122.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马伟斌; 郭小雄; 付兵先; 邹文浩; 李尧; 王志伟; 刘勇; 刘阔誉; 杜晓燕; 安哲立; 赵鹏; 马超锋; 程爱君; 李秋菊; 张森
Original assignee: Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
Current assignee: Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
Priority date: 2020-06-08
Filing date: 2020-06-08
Publication date: 2021-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-08

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway tunnel drainage structures, including the side ditch and the dark escape canal in tunnel center, the side ditch is arranged in the tunnel lining both sides, and the setting of the dark escape canal in tunnel center is spread at the bottom of the tunnel or below the invert layer, and the dark escape canal in tunnel center includes drainage culvert pipe and culvert pipe slot, and the drainage culvert pipe sets up in the culvert pipe slot. The deep drainage ditch in the center of the tunnel is mainly used in railway tunnels with rich water or high underground water level and cold regions, and a tunnel drainage system is arranged below a tunnel bottom or an inverted arch layer. When the tunnel is newly built, the tunnel center deep drainage ditch is constructed once, the whole stress of an inverted arch or a bottom layer is not influenced, the drainage function is that underground water which flows to the periphery of the tunnel converges into the tunnel center deep drainage ditch along a lining side wall or various blind ditches and a permanent collecting pipe, the tunnel center deep drainage ditch plays a role of reducing the underground water level, the underground water level is enabled to be at a certain height below a basement, and the drying of a tunnel bottom channel bed is ensured and is not influenced by the erosion of water.

Description

Railway tunnel drainage structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the railway tunnel, concretely relates to railway tunnel drainage structures.

Background

With the massive construction of railway tunnels in China, more and more tunnel bases have diseases such as frost heaving, upwelling, slurry pumping and the like. Investigation shows that the railway tunnel ballast bed with abundant underground water is often damaged by slurry turning and mud pumping, particularly the tunnel with the length of more than 6km and the whole ballast bed is paved, and if the damage is generated during operation, the damage is limited by harsh conditions that the driving can not be interrupted, the time for repairing a construction window is short, the whole ballast bed is not easy to maintain and the like, so that the treatment and the eradication are extremely difficult; in addition, the railway tunnel in the cold region is affected by cold weather, periodic freeze-thaw cycle is easy to occur, the loading and unloading action can cause serious damage to the main structure of the tunnel, especially the opening structure, and diseases such as tunnel lining ice hanging, ballast bed ice accumulation, bottom heaving and the like are easy to cause, so that the driving safety is seriously endangered. The reason for this is that water is the basic condition for the tunnel to freeze and cause slurry overflow. Therefore, how to eliminate the influence of water on the tunnel is a key problem for solving the diseases such as frost heaving, slurry turning, mud pumping and the like.

Drainage ditches of the existing tunnel are arranged on two sides of a tunnel lining, and are not only responsible for drainage of various water in the tunnel, but also water in surrounding rocks on the outer side of the tunnel is consciously drained after flowing into the tunnel, so that the unreasonable drainage ditches are unreasonable, accumulated water at the bottom of the tunnel cannot be drained, the drainage ditches cannot be leaked or leaked, and once the water leaks, the water just enters a tunnel bottom channel bed, and a good condition is provided for occurrence of diseases of the bed.

And the escape canal in current tunnel adopts socket joint formula or prefabricated concrete pipe in scene mostly, because concrete pipe weight is big, needs big mechanical equipment to hoist and mount just can be under construction, and the construction progress is slower, and in addition, concrete pipe resistance to deformation ability is poor, appears the difference when the tunnel base and subsides the back, and the fracture appears easily in the concrete pipe, leads to leaking at the bottom of the tunnel, and the later stage leads to appearing sinking and the mud pumping disease at the bottom of the tunnel easily.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the not enough of existence among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a simple structure, convenient to use's railway tunnel drainage structures.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: the utility model provides a railway tunnel drainage structures which characterized in that: the side ditches are arranged on two sides of a tunnel lining, the tunnel central deep drainage ditch is arranged below a tunnel bottom or an inverted arch layer and is communicated with the tunnel central deep drainage ditch, the tunnel central deep drainage ditch comprises drainage culvert pipes and culvert pipe grooves, the drainage culvert pipes are arranged in the culvert pipe grooves, the drainage culvert pipes are made of steel materials, and the drainage culvert pipes are of planar semi-rigid structures.

Further, the lateral ditch includes drain pipe and lining cutting annular drainage blind pipe behind one's back at the bottom of the tunnel, and the one end of drain pipe and lining cutting annular drainage blind pipe behind one's back intercommunication at the bottom of the tunnel, the other end of drain pipe and the deep drainage culvert pipe intercommunication in tunnel center at the bottom of the tunnel.

Furthermore, the drainage culvert pipes are laid in culvert pipe grooves, and gaps between the drainage culvert pipes and the culvert pipe grooves are filled with concrete.

Furthermore, the drainage culvert pipe is a corrugated pipe, and the corrugated pipe is made of a hot-rolled carbon steel plate, a low-alloy steel plate, a stainless steel plate, a weather-resistant steel plate or a hot-galvanized hot-rolled/cold-rolled steel plate through cold bending processing.

Furthermore, the drainage culvert pipe is of a block type assembled structure and is composed of a plurality of corrugated pipes, and adjacent corrugated pipes are connected through flanges.

Furthermore, a sealing gasket is arranged between the flanges, the flanges between the adjacent corrugated pipes are fixed by fasteners, and the fasteners are sealed by special sealing materials.

Furthermore, the surface of the corrugated pipe is provided with an anticorrosive coating, and the anticorrosive coating is a coating with a surface plated with zinc, aluminum or a sprayed compound.

Further, the concrete filled between the drainage culvert pipe and the culvert pipe groove is common concrete, grouting material or sand-free concrete.

Furthermore, the culvert pipe groove is an inverted isosceles trapezoid structure, the drainage culvert pipes are laid in the culvert pipe groove, and the top of the drainage culvert pipes is higher than the upper end face of the culvert pipe groove.

Adopt the utility model discloses technical scheme's advantage does:

1. the utility model discloses with tunnel drainage system setting at the tunnel shop end or below the inverted arch layer, original side ditch or central formula ditch remain. When a tunnel is newly built, the tunnel center deep drainage ditch is constructed once, the integral stress of an inverted arch or a bottom layer is not influenced, the drainage function is that underground water which flows to the periphery of the tunnel flows into the tunnel center deep drainage ditch along a lining side wall or various blind ditches and a permanent collecting pipe (a water seepage passage is arranged at the pipe joint of the tunnel center deep drainage ditch), even if a small amount of underground water permeates into the tunnel, the underground water also flows into a side ditch and flows into the tunnel center deep drainage ditch through an inspection well to be discharged, the tunnel center deep drainage ditch is lifted to reduce the underground water level, so that the underground water level is at a certain height below a base, and the tunnel bottom bed is ensured to be dry and not influenced by the erosion of water.

2. The utility model discloses the used steel sheet of bellows structure increases its rigid structure through the ripple shaping, along with the increase of bending depth, and its rigidity multiplicable 5 ~ 10 times. Due to the existence of the axial corrugations, the stress advantage can be fully exerted, stress strain caused by load can be simultaneously distributed in the axial direction and the radial direction, the stress concentration of the load can be dispersed to a greater extent, the advantage of a steel structure is better exerted, and the steel structure has excellent stress characteristic.

3. The compression resistance, the tensile resistance and the bending resistance of the corrugated pipe of the utility model are better than those of a concrete pipe; under the effect of frost heaving force, the tensile strength of the concrete pipe is low, cracking diseases are easy to occur, the tensile strength of the steel corrugated pipe is hundreds of times that of the concrete pipe, larger frost heaving force can be resisted, and the problem of frost heaving cracking of a concrete deep ditch and a concrete culvert in the center of a tunnel in the later period is solved.

Drawings

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and detailed description:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the drainage structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the bellows of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the flange connection between the corrugated pipes according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the corrugated tube of the present invention.

The labels in the above figures are respectively: 1. a drainage culvert pipe; 2. culvert pipe grooves; 3. and (4) a flange.

Detailed Description

In the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "plane direction", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a drainage structure for a railway tunnel is characterized in that: including side ditch and tunnel center deep drainage ditch, the side ditch is arranged in tunnel lining both sides, and tunnel center deep drainage ditch sets up at the tunnel and paves the end or invert layer below, and side ditch and tunnel center deep drainage ditch intercommunication, tunnel center deep drainage ditch include drainage culvert pipe 1 and culvert pipe slot 2, and drainage culvert pipe 1 sets up in culvert pipe slot 2. The tunnel central deep drainage ditch is mainly used in railway tunnels with rich water or high underground water level and cold regions, a tunnel drainage system is arranged below a tunnel bottom or an inverted arch layer, and original side ditches or central ditches are reserved. When a tunnel is newly built, a deep drainage ditch is constructed once, the integral stress of an inverted arch or a bottom layer is not influenced, the drainage function is that groundwater which rushes to the periphery of the tunnel converges into a deep drainage ditch in the center of the tunnel along a lining side wall or various blind ditches and a permanent collecting pipe (a water seepage passage is arranged at the joint of the deep drainage ditch), even if a small amount of groundwater permeates into the tunnel, the groundwater converges into a side ditch and is drained out through a deep drainage ditch in the center of the tunnel through an inspection well, and the deep drainage ditch in the center of the tunnel is lifted to reduce the groundwater level so that the groundwater level is at a certain height below a substrate, thereby ensuring that a tunnel bottom bed is dry and is not influenced by water erosion.

The side ditch includes drain pipe 4 and lining cutting annular drainage blind pipe 5 behind one's back at the bottom of the tunnel, and the one end of drain pipe 4 and the lining cutting annular drainage blind pipe 5 intercommunication behind one's back at the bottom of the tunnel, the other end of drain pipe 4 and the deep drainage culvert pipe 1 intercommunication in tunnel center at the bottom of the tunnel. Thus, the underground water around the tunnel can be converged into the deep drainage ditch in the center of the tunnel along the side wall of the lining or various blind ditches and permanent collecting pipes

The drainage culvert 1 is laid in the culvert groove 2, and the gap between the drainage culvert 1 and the culvert groove 2 is filled with concrete. The drainage culvert pipe 1 is a corrugated pipe, and the corrugated pipe is made of hot-rolled carbon steel plates, low-alloy steel plates, stainless steel plates, weather-resistant steel plates or hot-galvanized hot-rolled/cold-rolled steel plates through cold bending processing; and the surface of the arched bearing structure is subjected to corrosion resistance treatment, and the arched bearing structure is formed after galvanizing, aluminizing or compound coating spraying. The steel plate used in the corrugated pipe structure is corrugated to form a structure with increased rigidity, and the rigidity can be increased by 5-10 times along with the increase of the bending depth. Due to the existence of the axial corrugations, the stress advantage can be fully exerted, stress strain caused by load can be simultaneously distributed in the axial direction and the radial direction, the stress concentration of the load can be dispersed to a greater extent, the advantage of a steel structure is better exerted, and the steel structure has excellent stress characteristic.

The inertia moment and section coefficient of the corrugated pipe structure are greatly increased compared with those of a flat steel plate structure, and the pressure resistance, tensile resistance and bending resistance of the corrugated pipe are better than those of a concrete pipe. Under the effect of frost heaving force, the tensile strength of the concrete pipe is low, cracking diseases are easy to occur, the tensile strength of the steel corrugated pipe is hundreds of times that of the concrete pipe, larger frost heaving force can be resisted, and the problem of frost heaving cracking of a concrete deep ditch and a concrete culvert in the center of a tunnel in the later period is solved.

The drainage culvert pipe 1 is of a sectional type assembling structure, the drainage culvert pipe 1 is composed of a plurality of corrugated pipes, and adjacent corrugated pipes are connected through flanges 3. And a sealing gasket is arranged between the flanges 3, the flanges 3 between the adjacent corrugated pipes are fixed by fasteners, and the fasteners are sealed by special sealing materials.

The corrugated pipe structure is made of steel plates, although the corrugated pipe structure is made of metal materials, compared with a large-size concrete pipe, the corrugated pipe structure is only 1/4 of a common concrete pipe in weight per linear meter, and in addition, the corrugated pipe structure is of a segmented assembling structure, so that the corrugated pipe structure is light in structure, can be hoisted by small mechanical equipment or manpower, and is high in operability. The problem of tunnel center deep water ditch construction period install fast is solved.

The corrugated pipe is a planar semi-rigid structure and can adapt to larger deformation. Compared with a concrete pipe, the pipe cannot be damaged even if the tunnel bottom is subjected to settlement deformation. Compared with the bell and spigot connection of concrete pipes, the corrugated pipe is of a self-assembled structure, each pipe is connected through the flange, the connection is more closed, and the condition of water leakage at the connection part can not occur. In addition, the corrugated pipe has stronger capabilities of resisting earthquake and horizontal load, and is suitable for areas with earthquake intensity of more than 7 ℃; the problems of settlement deflection and water leakage of the concrete deep ditch at the center of the tunnel in the later period are solved.

The surface of the corrugated pipe is provided with an anticorrosive coating which is a coating with the surface plated with zinc, plated with aluminum, infiltrated with nano composite powder, infiltrated with multi-element alloy or sprayed with a composite, and the inner side of the pipe wall of the corrugated pipe is provided with anti-scouring mortar. Considering the durability and the manufacturing cost of the corrugated pipe structure, the corrosion prevention of the corrugated pipe of the deep ditch in the center of the tunnel mainly adopts a galvanizing technology, and the galvanizing thickness is more than or equal to 84 mu m.

The concrete common concrete, grouting material or sand-free concrete filled between the drainage culvert pipe 1 and the culvert pipe groove 2, the culvert pipe groove 2 is of an inverted isosceles trapezoid structure, the drainage culvert pipe 1 is laid in the culvert pipe groove 2, and the top of the drainage culvert pipe 1 is higher than the upper end surface of the culvert pipe groove 2. The preferred concrete filled between the drainage culvert and the culvert channel is C25 concrete.

The utility model discloses drainage structures's work progress does: firstly, checking the flatness, elevation and pre-camber of the foundation at the bottom of the culvert before installing the drainage culvert 1, and determining the position, central axis and midpoint of the culvert; secondly, connecting and installing the drainage culvert pipe 1, discharging the corrugated pipes according to actual conditions, installing fasteners on flanges between every two adjacent corrugated pipes, sleeving nuts, and pre-screwing the nuts; embedding a sealing gasket, embedding the sealing gasket between the two flanges by using a screwdriver, and then starting to symmetrically screw the nut until only a gap of 2-5 mm is formed between the two flanges in the appearance; screwing the nuts, and screwing the nuts one by one after all the nuts are assembled; in order to ensure that the required value of bolt torque is achieved, bolts with 2% of longitudinal seams on the structure are randomly extracted before concrete is backfilled, and a sampling test is carried out by using a fixed-torque wrench and a fixed pre-tightening force torque of 340N.m +/-70 N.m; finally, after the fasteners at the lap joint of the outer ring of the drainage culvert pipe 1 are screwed and meet the requirements, in order to prevent the water seepage of the corrugated steel plate seams and the bolt holes, the joints of the adjacent drainage culvert pipes and the mounting holes of the fasteners are sealed by special sealing materials to prevent the water seepage of the joints of the corrugated pipes. And filling a gap between the drainage culvert pipe 1 and the culvert pipe groove 2 by adopting concrete, and fixing the drainage culvert pipe 1.

The actual measurement item table for the drainage culvert pipe installation is shown in the table below.

The performance of the two pipes, concrete pipe and steel corrugated pipe, is compared as shown in the following table.

The construction period of two kinds of tubular products of concrete pipe and steel bellows contrast: construction time (inside tunnel) of concrete pipe (diameter 700 mm): 30 linear meters per day; bellows (diameter 700mm) construction time (in tunnel): 100 linear meters per day. Therefore, the corrugated pipe is high in construction speed relative to a concrete pipe, and the construction period is greatly shortened.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and various insubstantial improvements can be made without the technical solutions of the present invention, or the present invention can be directly applied to other occasions without the improvements, and all are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a railway tunnel drainage structures which characterized in that: including side ditch and tunnel center deep drainage ditch, the side ditch is arranged in tunnel lining both sides, and tunnel center deep drainage ditch sets up at the tunnel and paves the end or invert layer below, and side ditch and tunnel center deep drainage ditch intercommunication, tunnel center deep drainage ditch include drainage culvert pipe (1) and culvert pipe slot (2), and drainage culvert pipe (1) sets up in culvert pipe slot (2), and drainage culvert pipe (1) adopts the steel material, and drainage culvert pipe (1) is surface form semi-rigid structure.

2. A railway tunnel drainage structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side ditch includes drain pipe (4) and lining cutting annular drainage blind pipe (5) behind one's back at the bottom of the tunnel, and the one end of drain pipe (4) and lining cutting annular drainage blind pipe (5) behind one's back intercommunication at the bottom of the tunnel, the other end of drain pipe (4) and the deep drainage culvert pipe (1) intercommunication in tunnel center ditch at the bottom of the tunnel.

3. A railway tunnel drainage structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the drainage culvert pipes (1) are laid in the culvert pipe grooves (2), and gaps between the drainage culvert pipes (1) and the culvert pipe grooves (2) are filled with concrete.

4. A railway tunnel drainage structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the drainage culvert pipe (1) is a corrugated pipe, and the corrugated pipe is made of a hot-rolled carbon steel plate, a low-alloy steel plate, a stainless steel plate, a weather-resistant steel plate or a hot-galvanized hot-rolled/cold-rolled steel plate through cold bending processing.

5. A drainage structure for railway tunnels as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein: the drainage culvert pipe (1) is of a segmented splicing structure, the drainage culvert pipe (1) is composed of a plurality of corrugated pipes, and adjacent corrugated pipes are connected through flanges (3).

6. A railway tunnel drainage structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and a sealing gasket is arranged between the flanges (3), the flanges (3) between the adjacent corrugated pipes are fixed by fasteners, and the fasteners are sealed by special sealing materials.

7. A railway tunnel drainage structure as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the surface of the corrugated pipe is provided with an anticorrosive coating, the anticorrosive coating is a coating with the surface plated with zinc, plated with aluminum, infiltrated with nano composite powder, infiltrated with multi-element alloy or sprayed with a composite, and the inner side of the pipe wall of the corrugated pipe is provided with anti-scouring mortar.

8. A railway tunnel drainage structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the concrete filled between the drainage culvert pipe (1) and the culvert pipe groove (2) is common concrete, grouting material or sand-free concrete.

9. A railway tunnel drainage structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein: culvert pipe slot (2) are the structure of falling isosceles trapezoid, and drainage culvert pipe (1) is laid in culvert pipe slot (2), and the top of drainage culvert pipe (1) is higher than the up end of culvert pipe slot (2).