CN212508099U - Stepped PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum - Google Patents
Stepped PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN212508099U CN212508099U CN202021381312.9U CN202021381312U CN212508099U CN 212508099 U CN212508099 U CN 212508099U CN 202021381312 U CN202021381312 U CN 202021381312U CN 212508099 U CN212508099 U CN 212508099U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a well drilling drill bit technical field, concretely relates to echelonment PDC drill bit that is suitable for broken hard basalt stratum. The drill comprises a tool apron and a tool blade. The upper end of the cutter holder is provided with an external thread connected with the drill collar. The bottom of blade holder is provided with a plurality of nozzles. A plurality of blades are fixed on the side surface of the tool apron. Different included angles are formed between every two adjacent cutter wings, and a chip groove is formed at the bottom end of the cutter holder. The blade has a cutting portion and a gauge portion. The cutting portion includes a cutting nose portion and a curved portion, the cutting nose portion being disposed at a bottom end of the holder. One end of the curved surface part is connected with the cutting nose part, and the other end of the curved surface part is connected with the diameter-protecting part. The curved surface part is in a multi-section ladder shape. A plurality of active cutting teeth are arranged along a first outer contour of the cutting portion. A plurality of secondary cutting teeth are distributed along the second contour of the cutting portion. The utility model discloses an to the improvement of structure, when hard stratum for the probing, provide a faster, the better PDC drill bit of wearability and stability of drilling speed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a well drilling drill bit technical field, concretely relates to echelonment PDC drill bit that is suitable for broken hard basalt stratum.
Background
During drilling, the drill bit is used as a main rock breaking tool to cut rock through grinding to form a borehole, and the formation of a good borehole is related to the compatibility of the stratum and the drill bit besides the performance of the drill bit during drilling. The PDC drill bit is mainly used for stratums such as mudstone, sandstone, conglomerate with small particle size, gypsum, limestone and the like which are mainly cemented by argillaceous mass and are loosely cemented. When the existing PDC drill bit meets hard basalt during actual drilling, the drilling time is prolonged, the drilling speed is slowed down, the abrasion degree of the drill bit is accelerated, repeated grinding conditions caused by accumulation of rock debris are more, and the heat dissipation of the drill bit is slow. These causes lead to a reduction in the life of the drill bit.
The prior art discloses a conical tooth drill bit suitable for drilling in gravel hard formations, which comprises a drill bit base body, wherein a plurality of blades are arranged on the surface of the drill bit base body. The blade is provided with a plurality of PDC cutting teeth, each PDC cutting tooth comprises a cylindrical tooth, a chip removal groove is formed in the gap between every two adjacent blades, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the chip removal grooves. The PDC cutter also includes a conical tooth with a working surface that is a conical surface. Through the improvement to the profile of tooth structure, when having alleviated current PDC drill bit and having crept into, the cutting tooth collapses and decreases, wearing and tearing are serious, cutting efficiency is low, short service life scheduling problem. However, the drill bit has a limited increase in penetration rate.
In summary, how to improve the drilling speed, the service life and the stability of the PDC bit when the PDC bit is selected to drill a hard basalt stratum becomes a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Prior art documents:
patent document 1: CN207470124U conical tooth drill bit suitable for gravel hard formation drilling
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a PDC drill bit that drilling speed is faster, wearability and stability are better for when meeting hard stratum in the probing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following scheme: a stepped PDC bit suitable for fracturing hard basalt formations is provided, comprising:
the upper end of the cutter holder is provided with an external thread connected with the drill collar, and the bottom end of the cutter holder is provided with a plurality of nozzles;
the tool apron comprises tool wings, a plurality of tool wings and a cutter base, wherein the tool wings are fixed on the side surface of the tool apron, different included angles are formed between every two adjacent tool wings, a chip groove is formed at the bottom end of the tool apron, each tool wing is provided with a cutting part and a diameter protection part, the cutting parts extend from the bottom end to the side surface of the tool apron in a step shape, and the diameter protection parts are connected with the cutting parts on the side surface of the tool apron;
a plurality of composite sheets are embedded in the gauge portion;
the cutting part comprises a cutting nose part and a curved surface part, the cutting nose part is arranged at the bottom end of the cutter holder, one end of the curved surface part is connected with the cutting nose part, the other end of the curved surface part is connected with the diameter-protecting part, the curved surface part is in a multi-section step shape, and the cutting part is provided with an active cutting tooth and an auxiliary cutting tooth;
the plurality of active cutting teeth are arranged along a first outer contour of the cutting portion and the plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth are distributed along a second outer contour of the cutting portion.
Preferably, the active cutting teeth and the auxiliary cutting teeth are arranged along an outer contour line of the cutting part, and the outer contour line is a contour line of the cutting part extending along the axial direction of the tool holder;
the outer contour line comprises a first outer contour line and a second outer contour line, the plurality of active cutting teeth are arranged along the first outer contour line, and the plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth are arranged along the second outer contour line.
Preferably, the curved surface portion has two steps, a first arc section transition is formed between the two steps, a second arc section transition is formed between the curved surface portion and the cutting nose portion, and a third arc section transition is formed between the curved surface portion and the gauge portion.
Preferably, the width of the step in the horizontal direction is 60 mm.
Preferably, the stepped PDC drill bit suitable for crushing a hard basalt stratum has 5 blades which are straight blades, and the composite sheets are uniformly arranged at the gauge protection parts of the blades in an array of seven rows and eight rows, so that radial force generated during cutting of the stratum can be completely accumulated to the gauge protection parts, and the stability of the cutting parts is improved.
Preferably, the blades are helical blades, and a part of radial force generated when cutting the formation is applied to the gauge portion, thereby minimizing vibration damage due to rotation.
Preferably, the active cutter and the auxiliary cutter are both PDC cutters.
Preferably, each active cutting tooth has an independent motion track, that is, each cutting curve track of the drill bit corresponds to only one active cutting tooth, so that the capability of the drill bit for attacking the ground is improved, and the stability is improved.
Preferably, the rear chamfer of the active cutting tooth at the cutting nose portion is 20 °, the rear chamfer of the active cutting tooth at the curved surface portion is 25 °, and the rear chamfer of the active cutting tooth at the gauge portion is 30 °. The larger back chamfer can improve the impact resistance and grinding ability of the drill bit, and the smaller back chamfer can improve the mechanical drilling speed. And rear chamfers with different sizes are arranged for the active cutting teeth of the cutting part and the gauge part of the drill bit, so that the rotating speed and the service life of the drill bit are balanced, and the overall performance of the drill bit is improved.
Preferably, the auxiliary cutting teeth located at the cutting nose portion have a rear chamfer of 15 °, the auxiliary cutting teeth located at the curved surface portion have a rear chamfer of 20 °, and the auxiliary cutting teeth located at the gauge portion have a rear chamfer of 25 °. The auxiliary cutting teeth are arranged to reduce the abrasion of the active cutting teeth and prolong the service life of the drill bit. After the active cutting teeth enter the stratum to a certain depth, the auxiliary cutting teeth contact with the stratum to share overhigh bit pressure, and the stress of the active cutting teeth is reduced.
Preferably, the chip grooves are arranged among the blades in a positive spiral mode, the nozzles are arranged in the chip grooves, rock chips are discharged quickly, large drill bit rotating force is generated under the same pump pressure, and directional drilling is facilitated. The arrangement of the chip discharge grooves reduces the vortex generated by high-speed fluid from the nozzle, reduces the hydraulic energy loss, fully carries rock debris, avoids the repeated grinding of the rock debris and improves the drilling speed.
The utility model provides a pair of echelonment PDC drill bit that is suitable for broken hard basalt stratum compares with prior art, has following substantive characteristics and progress:
1. the multiple step-shaped designs of the cutting part of the drill bit greatly enhance the stratum attacking performance of the drill bit and are suitable for crushing and drilling hard stratum;
2. the active cutting teeth of the drill bit are arranged in a single mode, namely each active cutting tooth has an independent motion track, and each cutting curved surface track of the drill bit only corresponds to one active cutting tooth auxiliary cutting tooth. The capability of the drill bit to attack the ground is improved, the drilling speed of the drill bit is ensured, and the stability of the drill bit is improved;
3. the auxiliary cutting teeth of the drill bit avoid the problem that the driving cutting teeth are broken due to too large penetration depth and too high impact load, protect the driving cutting teeth, prolong the service life of the drill bit, reduce the tooth distribution density and improve the drilling speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a stepped PDC drill bit suitable for fracturing hard basalt formations in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a bottom view of fig. 1.
Reference numerals: the tool rest 1, the external thread 2, the blade 3, the chip groove 4, the nozzle 5, the cutting part 31, the gauge part 32, the composite sheet 33, the active cutting tooth 34, the auxiliary cutting tooth 35, the cutting nose 311 and the curved surface part 312.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A stepped PDC bit suitable for fracturing hard basalt formations, as shown in fig. 1-2, is used in the drilling industry for drilling hard formations. This drill bit adopts the mode of broken rock step by step to become the well, utilizes the cutting tooth of drill bit cutting nasal part to carry out the breakage to hard stratum earlier, forms bold rock piece, utilizes the cutting tooth of multistage echelonment curved surface portion to carry out the breakage step by step to the rock piece again, finally utilizes the gauge portion of drill bit to guarantee the size of well footpath. The auxiliary cutting teeth assist the active cutting teeth to drill, and are used for protecting the active cutting teeth, improving the drilling speed and prolonging the service life of the drill bit. The rock chips to be cut are upwards discharged from the chip groove to the cutting working surface through the scouring of the drilling fluid, so that the situation that the rock chips are accumulated to cause repeated grinding is avoided, and a drill bit is protected.
A stepped PDC bit suitable for breaking up hard basalt formations, as exemplified in fig. 1 in conjunction with fig. 2, includes a holder 1, external threads 2, blades 3, junk slots 4, and nozzles 5.
The upper end of the tool apron 1 is provided with an external thread 2 connected with a drill collar. The bottom end of the tool apron 1 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 5 for the drilling fluid to be sprayed out of. A plurality of blades 3 are fixed on the side of the holder 1. Different included angles are formed between every two adjacent blades 3, the blades are used for designing asymmetric blades, and vibration generated by the drill bit in the drilling process is reduced.
Between two adjacent blades 3, a chip groove 4 is formed at the bottom end of the tool holder 1 for guiding rock chips out of the cutting face.
Preferably, the blade 3 has a cutting portion 31 and a gage portion 32. The cutting part 31 extends from the bottom end to the side surface of the tool apron 1 in a step shape, and the diameter protection part 32 is connected with the cutting part 32 on the side surface of the tool apron 1 to form a multi-step cutting section, so that hard strata can be conveniently crushed step by step.
A plurality of composite sheets 33 are fitted to gauge portion 32. The multiple composite sheets 33 are used for guaranteeing the well diameter size of the well drilling, so that the situation that the well drilling operation is not stopped when the cutting part of the blade is seriously abraded can be avoided, the time for drilling the well in one drilling process is guaranteed, and the well drilling efficiency is improved.
The cutting portion 31 includes a cutting nose portion 311 and a curved surface portion 312. A cutting nose 311 is placed at the bottom end of the tool holder for fracturing the surface of the formation. Curved surface portion 312 is connected at one end to cutting nose portion 311 and at the other end to gage portion 32. The curved surface 312 is stepped in multiple stages and is used for gradually crushing rock blocks.
The cutting portion 31 has active cutting teeth 34 and auxiliary cutting teeth 35.
The active cutting teeth 34 and the auxiliary cutting teeth 35 are each arranged along the outer contour of the cutting portion 31. The outer contour line is a contour line of the cutting portion 31 extending in the axial direction of the holder 1. The outer contour lines include a first outer contour line and a second outer contour line.
A plurality of active cutting teeth 34 are arranged along a first outer contour of the cutting portion 31. A plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth 35 are arranged along the second outer contour of the cutting portion 31.
When the active cutting teeth 34 enter the formation to a certain depth, the auxiliary cutting teeth 35 contact the formation to share the excessive weight on bit, so that the stress of the active cutting teeth 34 is reduced, and the abrasion of the active cutting teeth 34 is reduced. The provision of the auxiliary cutting teeth 35 serves to reduce wear of the active cutting teeth 35 and improve the working life of the drill bit. Meanwhile, the auxiliary cutting teeth 35 can reduce the tooth distribution density of the active cutting teeth 34 and improve the drilling speed.
Preferably, the curved surface portion 312 has two steps. The two steps are in transition of a first arc section. The curved surface portion 312 and the cutting nose portion 311 are in transition with each other in a second arc segment. The curved surface portion 312 and the gauge portion 32 form a third arc transition therebetween. The arc section transition design is beneficial to reducing the impact load on the cutting teeth on the cutting part 31, so that the cutting teeth are protected, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged. The width of the step in the horizontal direction may preferably be 60 mm.
In some embodiments, a stepped PDC bit suitable for breaking hard basalt formations has 5 blades 3. Wherein the blade 3 is a straight blade. The composite sheets 33 are uniformly arranged at the gauge portion of the blade 3. The composite sheets 33 are preferably arranged in an array of seven rows and eight columns, so that radial force generated when the formation is cut is completely accumulated in the gauge portion, and the stability of the cutting portion 31 is improved.
In other embodiments, where blades 3 are helical blades, a portion of the radial force generated during cutting of the formation is applied to gauge 32, minimizing the shock damage caused by rotation.
Preferably, both the active cutter 34 and the auxiliary cutter 35 are PDC cutters.
Preferably, each active cutter 34 has an independent motion profile, i.e., each curved cutting profile of the drill corresponds to only one active cutter 34, for improving the ability of the drill to attack the ground and improving stability.
In the drilling process, the impact resistance and the grinding capacity of the drill bit can be improved by the large rear chamfer of the cutting teeth, and the mechanical drilling speed can be improved by the small rear chamfer of the cutting teeth. And rear chamfers with different sizes are arranged for the active cutting teeth of the cutting part 31 and the gauge protection part 32 of the drill bit, so that the rotating speed and the service life of the drill bit are balanced, and the overall performance of the drill bit is improved. The rear chamfer of the active cutting tooth 34 at the cutting nose 311 is preferably 20 °. The rear chamfer of the active cutting tooth 34 at the curved surface portion 312 is preferably 25. The back chamfer of the active cutting tooth 34 at the gauge 32 is preferably 30 °.
Preferably, the rear chamfer of the auxiliary cutting tooth 35 at the cutting nose 311 is 15 °. The rear chamfer of the auxiliary cutting tooth 35 at the curved surface portion 312 is 20 °. The auxiliary cutting teeth 35 located at the gauge 32 have a rear chamfer of 25 °. The back chamfer of the auxiliary cutting tooth is arranged to reduce the wear of the active cutting tooth and improve the working life of the drill bit.
Preferably, the flutes 4 are arranged in a positive spiral between the plurality of blades 3. The nozzle 5 is arranged in the chip groove 4, which is beneficial to quickly discharging rock chips, and generates larger drill bit rotating force under the same pump pressure, thereby being beneficial to directional drilling. The arrangement of the chip discharge grooves 4 reduces the vortex generated by high-speed fluid from the nozzle 5, reduces hydraulic energy loss, fully carries rock debris, avoids repeated grinding of the rock debris and improves the drilling speed.
The present invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, and other embodiments can be provided in addition to the above embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like that are made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A stepped PDC bit adapted to disrupt hard basalt formations, comprising:
the upper end of the cutter holder is provided with an external thread connected with the drill collar, and the bottom end of the cutter holder is provided with a plurality of nozzles;
the tool apron comprises tool wings, a plurality of tool wings and a cutter base, wherein the tool wings are fixed on the side surface of the tool apron, different included angles are formed between every two adjacent tool wings, a chip groove is formed at the bottom end of the tool apron, each tool wing is provided with a cutting part and a diameter protection part, the cutting parts extend from the bottom end to the side surface of the tool apron in a step shape, and the diameter protection parts are connected with the cutting parts on the side surface of the tool apron;
a plurality of composite sheets are embedded in the gauge portion;
the cutting part comprises a cutting nose part and a curved surface part, the cutting nose part is arranged at the bottom end of the cutter holder, one end of the curved surface part is connected with the cutting nose part, the other end of the curved surface part is connected with the diameter-protecting part, the curved surface part is in a multi-section step shape, and the cutting part is provided with an active cutting tooth and an auxiliary cutting tooth;
the plurality of active cutting teeth are arranged along a first outer contour of the cutting portion and the plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth are distributed along a second outer contour of the cutting portion.
2. The stepped PDC bit adapted for fracturing a hard basalt formation of claim 1 wherein the curved face portion has two steps with a first arc transition between the two steps, a second arc transition between the curved face portion and the cutting nose portion, and a third arc transition between the curved face portion and the gage portion.
3. The stepped PDC bit suitable for fracturing a hard basalt formation of claim 2, wherein the width of the step in the horizontal direction is 60 mm.
4. The stepped PDC bit suitable for fracturing a hard basalt formation of claim 1, wherein the stepped PDC bit suitable for fracturing a hard basalt formation has 5 blades that are straight blades, and wherein the composite sheets are arranged uniformly at gage portions of the blades in an array of seven rows and eight columns.
5. The stepped PDC bit suitable for fracturing a hard basalt formation of claim 1 wherein the blades are helical blades.
6. The stepped PDC drill bit adapted for fracturing a hard basalt formation of claim 1, wherein the active cutter and the auxiliary cutter are PDC cutters.
7. The stepped PDC bit adapted to disrupt a hard basalt formation of claim 1, wherein each active cutter has an independent motion profile.
8. The stepped PDC bit suitable for fracturing a hard basalt formation according to claim 1, wherein the back chamfer of the active cutter at the cutting nose portion is 20 °, the back chamfer of the active cutter at the curved portion is 25 °, and the back chamfer of the active cutter at the gauge portion is 30 °.
9. The stepped PDC bit suitable for fracturing a hard basalt formation according to claim 1, wherein the back chamfer of the auxiliary cutting tooth at the cutting nose portion is 15 °, the back chamfer of the auxiliary cutting tooth at the curved surface portion is 20 °, and the back chamfer of the auxiliary cutting tooth at the gauge portion is 25 °.
10. The stepped PDC bit adapted for breaking hard basalt formations according to claim 1 wherein the junk slots are arranged in a positive spiral between the blades and the nozzles are disposed in the junk slots.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021381312.9U CN212508099U (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Stepped PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021381312.9U CN212508099U (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Stepped PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum |
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| CN212508099U true CN212508099U (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111764832A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏煤炭地质勘探三队 | PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum |
| CN113202417A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-08-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | PDC drill bit |
-
2020
- 2020-07-14 CN CN202021381312.9U patent/CN212508099U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111764832A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏煤炭地质勘探三队 | PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum |
| CN113202417A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-08-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | PDC drill bit |
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