CN212497128U - High-precision low-deformation germanium window polishing upper disc device - Google Patents
High-precision low-deformation germanium window polishing upper disc device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212497128U CN212497128U CN202020468469.9U CN202020468469U CN212497128U CN 212497128 U CN212497128 U CN 212497128U CN 202020468469 U CN202020468469 U CN 202020468469U CN 212497128 U CN212497128 U CN 212497128U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a germanium window polishing hanging wall device of low deformation of high accuracy relates to the technical field of optical element processing, and for solving prior art, the technical problem that can not satisfy the processing needs of high accuracy germanium window that germanium window polishing hanging wall method exists, the technical scheme of the utility model as follows: comprises a bonding die, an adhesive, a positioning ring and a positioning seat; the adhesive is in a circular ring structure and is adhered to one end face of the adhering die; the periphery of the positioning ring is provided with a flanging, and the middle part of the positioning ring is provided with a central hole corresponding to the shape of the bonding die; the surface of the positioning seat is provided with a limiting ring, and the shape of the limiting ring corresponds to the shape of the flanging of the positioning ring and is coaxial with the central hole; the germanium window to be polished is arranged in the limiting ring, the positioning ring is buckled outside the limiting ring, and one end, provided with the adhesive, of the bonding die sequentially penetrates through the central hole and the limiting ring and is fixed with the germanium window through the adhesive.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field of optical element processing especially relates to a germanium window polishing hanging wall device of low deformation of high accuracy.
Background
The germanium window is an important optical element widely applied to the fields of national defense, civil science and technology industrial systems and the like such as aerospace, aviation, weapons and the like, is positioned at the forefront end of the infrared optical system, and plays a role in protecting the infrared optical system and the thermal imager. In order to bear the erosion and damage of various severe natural environments, the outer surface of the germanium window is coated with a protective film which is transparent to infrared radiation, has good chemical stability and can resist the damage of damp-heat, salt mist, rain, sand dust and the like, such as a common DLC film (diamond-like carbon film). The germanium window is usually the element with the largest diameter in the optical system, and since the price of the germanium single crystal is more than ten thousand yuan per kilogram, the germanium window is also the most valuable optical element in the optical system.
The germanium window has a structure as shown in FIG. 1, and has two working surfaces, one of which is coated with DLC film (diamond-like carbon film) and the other with AR film (high efficiency antireflection film). Generally, the surface shape precision and surface quality of the germanium window are required to be after film coating: aperture N: 4-6, local aperture Δ N: 0.5-1, surface finish B: and V grade.
The germanium window is subjected to the procedures of slicing, forming, coarse grinding, precision, polishing, film coating and the like from a single crystal material to a finished product, wherein the polishing is the most important procedure and determines the surface shape precision and the surface quality of the germanium window. Polishing requires fixing of parts to a mold, the so-called upper plate, and common upper plate methods include two main types, rigid and elastic upper plates. The rigid upper plate is formed by gluing the part on a mould, and the part is in direct contact with the mould without an adhesive. The elastic upper disc is a disc-hanging mode which is most commonly used for germanium windows because germanium single crystals are relatively soft and the surfaces of parts are easily scratched during optical cement.
The traditional elastic plate hanging method is to adopt adhesives such as asphalt, fire paint points and the like to bond the germanium window, and the method is roughly divided into surface bonding, glue dispensing, annular bonding and the like. For parts which are easy to deform or have high precision requirements, the parts are subjected to glue dispensing and annular bonding, and the deformation of the rear surface of the lower disc of the parts is small. When the germanium window is bonded, the adhesive can form certain tensile force, namely bonding force, on the bonding surface of the germanium window, so that the germanium window is slightly deformed, after the adhesive is removed, stress is released, surface deformation is also released, the shapes of the upper surface and the lower surface of the germanium window are inconsistent, and the polishing difficulty is increased. The deformation of the germanium window on the disc and under the disc is determined by a processing method, is difficult to completely remove, and only the deformation amount can be reduced as much as possible, the bonding force can be reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the reliable fixation, and the bonding force is distributed uniformly. If the thickness of the adhesive is not uniform, or the size and distribution of the fire paint points are not uniform, or the width of the adhesive ring is not uniform, the size is not proper, the adhesive is eccentric, and the like, the adhesive force distribution is not uniform, so that the surface shape of the germanium window on the rear surface of the lower disc is irregularly changed.
When the shape of the germanium window is required to be an aperture N: 4-6, even if the part undergoes 4 passes of deformation during machining (including the upper and lower discs), the final part may still be acceptable. But when the surface shape requirement is increased to N:1 aperture, the aperture change of the germanium window in each process must be strictly controlled, otherwise the surface shape cannot be qualified, and mass production cannot be mentioned.
In practical production, the fact that the surface shape of the germanium window is changed by (0.5-1) times after polishing the lower disc by adopting the existing annular elastic disc feeding method, obviously, the processing requirement of the high-precision germanium window cannot be met.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For solving prior art, the technical problem that processing needs of high accuracy germanium window can not be satisfied that germanium window polishing hanging wall method exists, the technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
the utility model relates to a high-precision low-deformation germanium window polishing hanging wall device, which comprises a bonding die, an adhesive, a positioning ring and a positioning seat; the adhesive is in a circular ring structure and is adhered to one end face of the adhering die; the periphery of the positioning ring is provided with a flanging, and the middle part of the positioning ring is provided with a central hole corresponding to the shape of the bonding die; the surface of the positioning seat is provided with a limiting ring, and the shape of the limiting ring corresponds to the shape of the flanging of the positioning ring and is coaxial with the central hole; the germanium window to be polished is arranged in the limiting ring, the positioning ring is buckled outside the limiting ring, and one end, provided with the adhesive, of the bonding die sequentially penetrates through the central hole and the limiting ring and is fixed with the germanium window through the adhesive.
Further, the diameter d of the central line of the circular ring of the adhesive is determined by the diameter of the germanium window to be polished and satisfies the relation: d is kD, k is an empirical coefficient, the value range is 0.4-0.5, and D is the diameter of the germanium window; the width w of the ring of the adhesive is determined by the diameter of the germanium window to be polished, when the diameter phi of the germanium window is less than or equal to 100mm, the w is 20 +/-3 mm, and when the diameter phi of the germanium window is more than 100mm and less than or equal to 200mm, the w is 30 +/-5 mm; the thickness t of the adhesive is in the range of 10 +/-5 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the following steps: heating and melting asphalt, adding felt fragments, stirring, cooling to semi-solidified state, making into ring shape, and placing on the circumference of bonding mold without exceeding the edge of bonding mold. The felt fragments have the function of properly reducing the acting force of the adhesive, and the adding amount of the felt is determined according to the structural size of the germanium window.
Furthermore, the section of the ring of the adhesive is trapezoidal, the lower side of the ring is in contact with the bonding die, and the upper side of the ring is in contact with the germanium window.
Furthermore, the positioning seat is circular and coaxial with the limiting ring, the flanging height of the positioning ring is greater than the height of the limiting ring, and the flanging height of the positioning ring and the height of the limiting ring are both greater than the thickness of the germanium window.
Furthermore, a plurality of openings are formed in the limiting ring, the openings are arranged in the limiting ring in a circular array mode, and the germanium window is placed and taken out through the openings.
Furthermore, a layer of soft material is laid on the bottom surface of the germanium window placed in the limiting ring, and the soft material is tissue paper or polishing cloth and is used for avoiding the germanium window from colliding with the metal clamp to break edges when being placed or taken out.
Furthermore, the diameter of the center hole of the positioning ring is 1-2mm larger than that of the bonding die.
The utility model also provides a germanium window polishing hanging wall method of high accuracy low deformation, including following step:
step one, calculating the diameter size of a central circle of a bonding ring according to the outer diameter of a germanium window, processing a corresponding bonding die according to the size of the central circle, and preparing a proper amount of asphalt and wool felt fragments;
secondly, flatly placing the positioning seat on the workbench, paving the tissue paper on the bottom surface of the limiting ring, clamping the germanium window by fingers, and placing the germanium window in the limiting ring through the opening in the side wall of the limiting ring;
thirdly, the inner wall of the positioning ring is tightly attached to the excircle of the limiting ring and is arranged on the positioning seat;
heating and melting asphalt, putting felt fragments, stirring uniformly, taking out the asphalt containing the felt when the asphalt temperature is reduced to the temperature capable of being operated by hand contact, manually kneading into a ring close to the excircle of the bonding die, placing the ring on the bonding die along the excircle of the bonding die, and quickly finishing and forming according to the required width and thickness;
step five, aligning the adhesive face of the adhesive-carrying bonding die which is not completely cured to the central hole of the positioning ring, vertically placing the bonding die into contact with the germanium window, and flatly pressing the bonding die with the adhesive with proper force to fully contact the adhesive with the germanium window;
step six, after the adhesive is cooled and solidified, the positioning ring is upwards withdrawn from the positioning seat;
and seventhly, taking out the bonding die and the germanium window fixed on the bonding die to finish the disc hanging.
Further, the second, third and fourth steps can be adjusted in sequence.
The utility model provides a germanium window polishing hanging wall device of low deformation of high accuracy, compared with the prior art, its beneficial effect is:
one, the utility model discloses on the basis of summarizing a large amount of processing reality, standardized the preparation of annular bonding agent, optimize out reasonable structure size, made clear the requirement of doping the felt piece, overcome the randomness of current annular bonding agent manufacture process, improved the quality uniformity of part.
And secondly, the use of the bonding positioning device fundamentally ensures the coaxiality of the annular bonding agent, the bonding die and the germanium window, and also ensures the uniformity and consistency of the bonding force applied to the germanium window.
Thirdly, replace current eyes with positioner and observe the location, the operation degree of difficulty has been reduced, production efficiency obtains obviously improving, coaxial alignment precision has been improved, more importantly, the people's eye is observed the location and can't be guaranteed the location accuracy, often will arrange the germanium window in on the burnishing machine main shaft, let it rotate, because germanium window and annular adhesive disalignment, can produce off-centre during rotation, the operator will use the instrument to rectify the germanium window, the high point when will rotating is slowly to the central extrusion, until the germanium window does not have obvious off-centre when rotatory, at this moment the annular adhesive that the width is even probably will warp under the extrusion force originally, produce the width inequality, lead to the germanium window to receive bonding force also uneven, after waiting to coil, the shape of face of germanium window changes also corresponding irregular, it is irregular, finally lead to the germanium window face shape out of control, can's shape requirement of high accuracy face can's can't. Based on the defect of location is observed to the people's eye, just use the utility model discloses hanging wall device and hanging wall method can be convenient, quick fix the bonding die with circular germanium window with the annular bonding agent to guarantee the coaxial of bonding agent, bonding die and germanium window, then polish with the burnishing machine, lower wall after polishing is done, shape of face change range basic control is within 0.2 light ring, shape of face change volume more than current annular bonding hanging wall method 0.5 light ring has had obvious improvement, makes batchization high accuracy germanium window processing become possible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front and side view of a germanium window;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a germanium window, an adhesive and a bonding die after bonding;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the polishing upper plate device for middle-high precision and low deformation germanium windows of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 3 after assembly.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the germanium window 5 is a circular optical element, the diameter D is phi 90mm, the thickness is 5mm, the diameter-thickness ratio is 18:1, the surface shape required aperture N:1 is improved by more than 4 times compared with the surface shape precision of the common germanium window 5. Therefore, the surface shape and the change of the germanium window 5 are accurately controlled in the whole process of processing the germanium window 5, particularly, the surface shape variable quantity is reduced as much as possible after the germanium window 5 polishes a lower disc, at the moment, the surface shape precision control in polishing can be influenced due to uneven bonding stress or small deformation caused by eccentricity of an annular bonding agent 2 in disc loading, and finally the surface shape precision of the germanium window 5 can not meet the requirement, in order to overcome the defects, the utility model discloses a high-precision low-deformation germanium window polishing upper disc device, as shown in figures 2-4, comprises a bonding die 1, a bonding agent 2, a positioning ring 3 and a positioning seat 8; the adhesive 2 is in a circular ring structure and is adhered to one end face of the adhesive die 1; the periphery of the positioning ring 3 is provided with a flanging, and the middle part of the positioning ring is provided with a central hole 4 corresponding to the shape of the bonding die 1; the surface of the positioning seat 8 is provided with a limiting ring 7, and the shape of the limiting ring 7 corresponds to the shape of the flanging of the positioning ring 3 and is coaxial with the central hole 4; the germanium window 5 to be polished is arranged in the limiting ring 7, the positioning ring 3 is buckled outside the limiting ring 7, one end of the bonding die 1, which is provided with the bonding agent 2, sequentially penetrates through the central hole 4 and the limiting ring 7, and is fixed with the germanium window 5 through the bonding agent 2.
The diameter d of the center line of the ring of the adhesive 2 satisfies the relation: d is kD, k is an empirical coefficient, the value range is 0.4-0.5, and D is the diameter of the germanium window 5; the width w of the ring of the adhesive 2 is 20 plus or minus 3mm when the diameter phi of the germanium window 5 is less than or equal to 100mm, and the width w of the ring is 30 plus or minus 5mm when the diameter phi of the germanium window 5 is more than 100mm and less than or equal to 200 mm; the thickness t of the adhesive 2 is in the range of 10. + -.5 mm. According to the requirements of diameter phi 90mm and thickness 5mm of the germanium window 5, obtaining d ═ 0.4-0.5 × 90 ═ 36-45 mm, and taking d ═ 40 mm; the diameter of the germanium window 5 is not more than phi 100mm, so the width w of the adhesive 2 is 20mm, that is, the diameter of the inner ring of the adhesive 2 is 30mm, and the diameter of the outer ring is 50 mm; the thickness t of the adhesive 2 is 10 mm.
The above-mentioned diameter d of the center line of the circular ring is defined as: the distance between two points in the center of the circular ring wall of the adhesive 2 is numerically equal to the outer diameter of the circular ring minus the wall thickness of the circular ring. The above empirical coefficient k is defined as: a constant in the formula represents the relationship between the aperture of the adhesive 2 and the diameter of the germanium window 5 to be polished, the numerical value is derived from a large number of practical processing experience, and after the result of a plurality of times of experiments is summarized, when the center line diameter D of the adhesive is approximately equal to half of the aperture D of the germanium window to be polished, namely D is (0.4-0.5) multiplied by D, the change of the surface shape of the lower disc of the germanium window is relatively minimum.
The size of the adhesive 2 cannot exceed the diameter of the bonding die 1, and the inner cylindrical surface and the outer cylindrical surface of the annular adhesive 2 are allowed to keep a certain taper, namely the section of the adhesive 2 is approximately trapezoidal, the lower trapezoidal surface is in contact with the bonding die 1, and the upper trapezoidal surface is in contact with the germanium window 5.
The positioning seat 8 is circular and coaxial with the limiting ring 7, the flanging height of the positioning ring 3 is greater than the height of the limiting ring 7, and the flanging height of the positioning ring 3 and the height of the limiting ring 7 are both greater than the thickness of the germanium window 5.
Spacing ring 7 on positioning seat 8 includes four openings 6, and four openings 6 are the lateral wall all around of locating spacing ring 7 of circular array symmetry, and width and people's finger match, and germanium window 5 and 7 inner wall cooperations of spacing ring can be convenient place and take out germanium window 5 through opening 6.
A layer of soft material is laid on the bottom surface of the germanium window 5 placed in the limiting ring 7, and the soft material is tissue paper or polishing cloth and is used for avoiding the germanium window 5 from colliding with a metal clamp to break edges when being placed or taken out.
The center of the positioning ring 3 is provided with a center hole 4 which is coaxial with the excircle of the positioning ring 3, the diameter of the center hole 4 of the positioning ring 3 is 1-2mm larger than that of the bonding die 1, the diameter phi of the bonding die 1 is 50mm, and the aperture of the center hole 4 is phi 52 mm.
The utility model also provides a germanium window 5 polishing hanging wall method of low deformation of high accuracy, including following step:
step one, calculating the diameter size of a central circle of a bonding ring according to the diameter of a germanium window 5, processing a corresponding bonding die 1 according to the diameter size of the central circle, and preparing a proper amount of asphalt and wool felt fragments;
secondly, flatly placing the positioning seat 8 on the workbench, laying tissue paper on the bottom surface of the limiting ring 7, clamping the germanium window 5 by fingers, and placing the germanium window in the limiting ring 7 through the opening 6 in the side wall of the limiting ring 7;
thirdly, the inner wall of the positioning ring 3 is tightly attached to the excircle of the limiting ring 7 and is placed on the positioning seat 8;
heating and melting asphalt, putting felt fragments, stirring uniformly, taking out the asphalt containing the felt when the asphalt temperature is reduced to the temperature capable of being operated by hand contact, manually kneading into a ring close to the excircle of the bonding die 1, placing the ring on the bonding die 1 along the excircle of the bonding die 1, and quickly finishing and forming according to the required width and thickness;
step five, vertically placing and contacting the adhesive 2 of the adhesive mould 1 with the adhesive 2 which is not completely cured and is downward to a central hole 4 of a positioning ring 3 to a germanium window 5, and flatly pressing with proper force to ensure that the adhesive 2 is fully contacted with the germanium window 5;
sixthly, after the adhesive 2 is cooled and solidified, the positioning ring 3 is upwards withdrawn from the positioning seat 8;
and seventhly, taking out the bonding die 1 and the germanium window 5 fixed on the bonding die to finish the plate feeding.
Wherein, the second, third and fourth steps can adjust the sequence. For example, step four may be performed to heat the asphalt, and steps two and three may be performed simultaneously to save time.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A high-precision low-deformation germanium window polishing upper disc device is characterized by comprising a bonding die, an adhesive, a positioning ring and a positioning seat; the adhesive is in a circular ring structure and is adhered to one end face of the adhering die; the periphery of the positioning ring is provided with a flanging, and the middle part of the positioning ring is provided with a central hole corresponding to the shape of the bonding die; the surface of the positioning seat is provided with a limiting ring, and the shape of the limiting ring corresponds to the shape of the flanging of the positioning ring and is coaxial with the central hole; the germanium window to be polished is arranged in the limiting ring, the positioning ring is buckled outside the limiting ring, and one end, provided with the adhesive, of the bonding die sequentially penetrates through the central hole and the limiting ring and is fixed with the germanium window through the adhesive.
2. The polishing upper disc device for the germanium window with high precision and low deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter d of the central line of the ring of the adhesive is determined by the diameter of the germanium window to be polished and satisfies the relation: d is kD, k is an empirical coefficient, the value range is 0.4-0.5, and D is the diameter of the germanium window; the width w of the ring of the adhesive is determined by the diameter of the germanium window to be polished, when the diameter phi of the germanium window is less than or equal to 100mm, the w is 20 +/-3 mm, and when the diameter phi of the germanium window is more than 100mm and less than or equal to 200mm, the w is 30 +/-5 mm; the thickness t of the adhesive is in the range of 10 +/-5 mm.
3. The upper plate device for polishing the high-precision low-deformation germanium window is characterized in that the adhesive is in a ring shape and is arranged on the circumference of the bonding die but does not exceed the edge of the bonding die.
4. The polishing upper disc device for the high-precision and low-deformation germanium window as claimed in claim 3, wherein the section of the ring of the adhesive is trapezoidal, the lower trapezoidal edge is in contact with the bonding die, and the upper trapezoidal edge is in contact with the germanium window.
5. The upper plate device for polishing the germanium window with high precision and low deformation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the positioning seat is circular and coaxial with the limiting ring, the height of the flanging of the positioning ring is greater than that of the limiting ring, and the height of the flanging of the positioning ring and the height of the limiting ring are both greater than the thickness of the germanium window.
6. The polishing upper plate device for the germanium window with high precision and low deformation as claimed in claim 5, wherein the limiting ring is provided with a plurality of openings, the plurality of openings are arranged on the limiting ring in a circular array, and the germanium window is placed and taken out through the openings.
7. The polishing upper plate device for the germanium window with high precision and low deformation as claimed in claim 6, wherein a layer of soft material is laid on the bottom surface of the germanium window placed in the limiting ring, and the soft material is tissue paper or polishing cloth and is used for avoiding the germanium window from colliding with a metal clamp to break edges when being placed or taken out.
8. The upper plate device for polishing the high-precision low-deformation germanium window as claimed in claim 7, wherein the diameter of the central hole of the positioning ring is 1-2mm larger than that of the bonding die.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020468469.9U CN212497128U (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | High-precision low-deformation germanium window polishing upper disc device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020468469.9U CN212497128U (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | High-precision low-deformation germanium window polishing upper disc device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN212497128U true CN212497128U (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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| CN202020468469.9U Active CN212497128U (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | High-precision low-deformation germanium window polishing upper disc device |
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| CN (1) | CN212497128U (en) |
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Address after: 655000 Qujing economic and Technological Development Zone, Yunnan Patentee after: Yunnan North Optical Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 655000 Qujing economic and Technological Development Zone, Yunnan Patentee before: YUNNAN KIRO-CH PHOTONICS Co.,Ltd. |