CN205590564U - Grind with glass lens blank - Google Patents
Grind with glass lens blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN205590564U CN205590564U CN201620353686.7U CN201620353686U CN205590564U CN 205590564 U CN205590564 U CN 205590564U CN 201620353686 U CN201620353686 U CN 201620353686U CN 205590564 U CN205590564 U CN 205590564U
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- grinding
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- blank
- glass lens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/0031—Machines having several working posts; Feeding and manipulating devices
- B24B13/0037—Machines having several working posts; Feeding and manipulating devices the lenses being worked by different tools, e.g. for rough-grinding, fine-grinding, polishing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/12—Silica-free oxide glass compositions
- C03C3/23—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing halogen and at least one oxide, e.g. oxide of boron
- C03C3/247—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing halogen and at least one oxide, e.g. oxide of boron containing fluorine and phosphorus
Abstract
The utility model provides a grind with glass lens blank. The volume of getting rid of when this grind with glass lens blank can reduce processing for lens. The thickness that this grind with glass lens blank, surperficial brush line in its dominant surface contain the layer be below the 150 mu m, and the maximum value of the thickness from the scope of external diameter central radial 80% and the difference of minimum are below the 200 mu m.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to grinding glass lens blank.
Background technology
Manufacture method as lens, it is known to reheat and mold preparation method.Reheat mold pressing preparation method and refer to lower method: such as, make melten glass flow into mould and produce the glass blocks of horn shape or tabular, be then machined into cutting this glass blocks and carry out sectionalization and produce cutting sheet (cut piece).Then, rough lapping processing (barreling) is carried out so that respectively weight homogenization and the releasing agent of cutting sheet are readily adhered to surface.And then, the cutting sheet after processing rough lapping reheats and makes it soften, and the glass after softening is carried out compression molding and molds the lenticular blank that is similar to lens shape.Finally, this lenticular blank is carried out grinding/grinding and produce lens.
According to the method, carry out the making of plate glass block of multiple glass kind, keeping, as required plate glass block is cut into the cutting sheet of desired quantity/volume, this cutting sheet is molded, it is thus possible to molding obtains lenticular blank, it is consequently adapted to multi items and produces on a small quantity.
It should be noted that the manufacture method of the lens as other, it is known to directly mold preparation method, wherein, directly the melten glass dropped on mould is carried out compression molding.Different from reheating mold pressing preparation method, direct mold pressing preparation method is suitable to few kind and produces in a large number.In this preparation method, directly the glass to molten condition carries out compression molding, and therefore, compared with reheating and molding preparation method, the form accuracy of lenticular blank is poor, is unsuitable for the manufacture of the lenticular blank of requirement height form accuracy.
When grinding glass lens blank after compression molding is processed as lens, in order between removing the surface defects such as surface brush line and then adjusting the face of lens eccentric, radius of curvature and center wall thickness thus obtain as the desired function of lens or shape, be ground and grinding.If the removal amount being now removed, i.e. stock removal and amount of grinding are big, then increase grinding and the process time needed for grinding.Additionally can produce the waste of material.
Patent document 1 discloses that defect contains the grinding glass lens blank that layer is below 50 μm.In patent documentation 1, defect contains layer and is included in the part (invagination portion) that rough lapping adds when the crackle (crack) produced man-hour contact with working fluid and causes the rotten part of glass ingredient, to the crystallization part produced during compression molding and softens cutting sheet in time softening in corner invagination glass.By reducing the thickness that this defect contains layer further, so that removal amount diminishes, the process time required for grinding and grinding can be shortened.
Prior art literature
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: International Publication the 2014/129657th
Utility model content
The problem that utility model is to be solved
But, when grinding glass lens blank is processed as lens by reality, it is not only drawbacks described above and contains layer, in addition it is also necessary to remove surface brush line.The nature of glass that surface brush line is different from mother glass refractive index is the part of wire or stratiform, although be not to be considered scar or bright spot, but from the viewpoint of the performance guaranteeing lens and function, should must be driven off.In most cases, surface wave influential point of tendons produces with the scope containing the thickness of layer more than drawbacks described above, and the thickness that only reduction drawbacks described above contains layer cannot reduce removal amount sometimes.
Additionally, when the grinding glass lens blank after compression molding is processed as lens, not only to remove the surface defects such as surface brush line, obtain as the desired function of lens or shape to adjust between the face of lens eccentric, radius of curvature and center wall thickness, need to carry out grinding/grinding and be thus shaped.Now, in the case of being molded in profile of grinding glass lens blank, the point (the most also referred to as optical center in face) of the most convex (or the most recessed) and the bigger deviation in external diameter center, eccentric big lens between face are become.For this grinding glass lens blank, the removal amount obtaining desired function or shape in order to adjust bias, radius of curvature and center wall thickness between face increases, and its result is, the process time needed for grinding and grinding increases.
Therefore, for the grinding after compression molding is with glass lens blank, require that a kind of removal amount is little, grinding can be shortened and grind needed for the grinding glass lens blank of process time, this removal amount be when being processed as lens in order to remove surface brush line, adjust eccentric, radius of curvature between the face of lens and center wall thickness and obtain desired function or removal amount time shape carries out grinding/grind thus molding.
Means for solving the above
This utility model people further investigate, found that, the maximum of the thickness by use the surface brush line thickness that contains layer in the first type surface of grinding glass lens blank be below predetermined value, from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the grinding glass lens blank that difference is below predetermined value of minima, removal amount when being processed as lens by grinding/grinding can be reduced, thus complete this utility model based on this opinion.
That is, main points of the present utility model are as follows.
(1) a kind of grinding uses glass lens blank, wherein,
The thickness that surface brush line in first type surface contains layer is below 150 μm,
The maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are below 200 μm.
(2) the glass lens blank of the grinding as described in (1), wherein, above-mentioned grinding glass lens blank is made up of fluorphosphate glass.
(3) the grinding glass lens blank as described in (1) or (2), wherein, above-mentioned first type surface the defect thickness that contains layer be below 150 μm.
(4) the glass lens blank of the grinding as described in (1), wherein, the most described first type surface is for being molded into profile.
Utility model effect
According to this utility model, it is provided that the grinding glass lens blank of a kind of removal amount that can reduce when being processed as lens.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A is the side view of an example of the shape of the grinding glass lens blank illustrating an embodiment of the present utility model.
The schematic diagram of the distance of from external diameter center radius 80% of grinding glass lens blank when Figure 1B is to be shown in broken lines vertical view.
Fig. 2 A is the flow chart illustrating the operation manufacturing the blank shown in Figure 1A.
Fig. 2 B is the flow chart illustrating the operation being manufactured optical lens by the blank shown in Figure 1A.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the example illustrating the glass blocks formation process shown in Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the example illustrating the releasing agent painting process shown in Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the example illustrating the mold pressing procedure shown in Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of an example of the method for the thickness that the surface brush line illustrating and measuring lenticular blank contains layer.
Detailed description of the invention
＜ grinds with glass lens blank ＞
Figure 1A is that the grinding glass lens blank illustrating an embodiment of the present utility model (is only called " lenticular blank " the most sometimes.) the side view of an example of shape.
In this manual, " grinding glass lens blank " refers to, the glass of the state before the enforcement grinding manufacturing optical lens or attrition process." being molded into profile " and mean the face of forming surface being printed as mould in mold pressing procedure transfer, it is not carried out the state of attrition process after referring to forming surface transfer.It should be noted that the defective part such as " external diameter " the thrust that produces beyond the distal extent of lateral circle surface of lenticular blank not included in mold pressing procedure etc..
As shown in Figure 1A, what the grinding glass lens blank 2 of an embodiment of the present utility model had a most spherically shape as first type surface is molded into profile 2A, 2B.The face (with reference to Fig. 5) that this is molded into profile 2A, 2B is the forming surface shape transferred with upper mold 74 and lower mold 72.Two sides (2A, 2B) is the curved surface of convex, but the shape of lenticular blank of the present utility model is not particularly limited, and either or both can also be curved surface or the plane of spill.It should be noted that the lateral circle surface 2C of grinding glass lens blank 2 can be cylinder mould 73 the molding of inner peripheral surface institute be molded into profile, it is also possible to be the Free Surface (with reference to Fig. 5) not abutted with cylinder mould 73.
This grinding glass lens blank 2 is implemented grinding described later or attrition process and is become optical lens and (be the most sometimes only called " lens ".).
In an embodiment of the present utility model, it is below 150 μm that the thickness main surface that the surface brush line in the first type surface (2A, 2B) of lenticular blank 2 contains layer rises.The thickness that above-mentioned surface brush line contains layer is preferably below 120 μm, the least with the order below 100 μm, below 90 μm further more be preferred.The lower limit of the thickness that above-mentioned surface brush line contains layer is not particularly limited, such as, can be more than 50 μm or be more than 80 μm.It should be noted that the thickness that surface brush line contains layer means to be formed with the thickness of the part main surface of the deepest surface brush line, i.e. it refers to the distance till observing the brush line in deep when first type surface is observed.These surface brush line need to be completely removed in optical lens.
Surface brush line refers to part that produce, that composition is slightly different with mother glass because a part for glass ingredient is evaporated in reheating operation, it is the vitreous wire or the part of stratiform that refractive index is different from mother glass, it is possible to use the brush line being made up of point source and lens combination checks that device is observed.
For grinding is with glass lens blank 2, by manufacture method described later, the formation that surface brush line can be contained layer controls, in above-mentioned scope, therefore to reduce the removal amount in grinding and grinding step.Formed it addition, surface brush line contains layer according to identical with the thickness that defect described later contains layer or deeper mode, therefore in grinding and grinding step, if grinding and be ground to table and can remove the thickness that face brush line contains layer and just can remove defect and contain layer.
The thickness that surface brush line contains layer can utilize following method to measure.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of an example of the method for the thickness that the surface brush line illustrating and measuring lenticular blank contains layer.As shown in Figure 6, till the lateral circle surface 2C of lenticular blank is ground to the optical mirror plane that top view is linearly, form the 1st abradant surface.For amount of grinding in time forming 1 abradant surface, it is set according to becoming mode the fewest in the range of optical mirror plane at abradant surface.Herein, optical mirror plane refers to the minute surface with the transmitance of the glass constituting lenticular blank.
Then, as shown in Figure 6, by the forming method as the 1st abradant surface, the 2nd abradant surface is formed at the lateral circle surface with the 1st abradant surface opposite side across external diameter center 2D, parallel with the 1st abradant surface and there is optical mirror plane during the 2nd abradant surface top view.Further, lamp etc. is used to grind towards the 1st abradant surface irradiation light from the 2nd, while using magnifier with a scale to carry out the observation through light from the 1st abradant surface side.Compared with the part not comprising surface brush line, there is the uneven through light of the part that surface brush line contains layer, produce light and shade poor (contrast), therefore can clearly confirm and contain layer with or without surface brush line.Use magnifier with a scale, mensuration to pass through light uneven part main surface distance to deep and contain the thickness of layer as surface brush line.
Then, surround the mode of the lateral circle surface of lenticular blank according to during top view 360 degree, sequentially form a pair abradant surface as above-mentioned 1st abradant surface and above-mentioned 2nd abradant surface.By method similar to the above, measure surface brush line and contain layer thickness from each abradant surface.Formed the quantity of abradant surface different because of the size of lenticular blank, but as long as at least forming 2 mensuration that abradant surface is carried out the thickness that surface brush line contains layer.So, the maximum gauge that the surface brush line of lenticular blank first type surface contains layer is measured.
Such as, the maximum gauge that the surface brush line so measuring the lenticular blank first type surface obtained contains layer is 100 μm, then can estimate that the thickness that the surface brush line of this lenticular blank first type surface contains layer is 100 μm.
For the grinding glass lens blank 2 of an embodiment of the present utility model, the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are below 200 μm.The above-mentioned maximum of thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are preferably below 150 μm, and then the least more be preferred according to the order below 100 μm, below 80 μm, below 50 μm.
The schematic diagram of the distance of the 80% of radius from the 2D of external diameter center of grinding glass lens blank when Figure 1B is to be shown in broken lines vertical view.Slightly in round type when grinding glass lens blank 2 is overlooked.But, however it is not limited to this shape, can suitably select according to the shape of the optical lens as target.External diameter center 2D refers to the midpoint of the external diameter of grinding glass lens blank 2.In the case of the flat shape of lenticular blank 2 does not meets round type, external diameter center can also be defined as and the center of gravity in the figure of the flat shape same shape of lenticular blank 2.Radius refers to the length of the half of external diameter.In the case of external diameter center is " center of gravity ", radius refers to the meansigma methods of the distance from center of gravity to rims of the lens.It should be noted that lenticular blank is typically somewhat in round type, the midpoint of external diameter is consistent with center of gravity.From the 2D of external diameter center the distance of the 80% of radius be represent from the 2D of external diameter center only at a distance of radius 80% the position of length.I.e., when representing the distance of from the 2D of external diameter center the 80% of radius with line, as used the circle drawn by dotted line in Figure 1B, it is concentric circular with grinding glass lens blank 2, can draw according to the mode of the circle of the length of the 80% of the radius that radius is grinding glass lens blank 2.
In the case of the maximum of thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are more than 200 μm, point the most convex (or the most recessed) in the optical center in the face of glass lens blank, i.e. first type surface deviates significantly with external diameter center, increase for the removal amount of molding by grinding/grinding when being processed as optical lens, its result, process time needed for grinding and grinding increases, and this grinding/grinding obtains desired function/shape to adjust bias, radius of curvature and center wall thickness between face and carries out.Eccentric between desired, radius of curvature and center wall thickness cannot be guaranteed, it is impossible to be processed as the situation of lens it addition, also have.For the grinding glass lens blank 2 of an embodiment of the present utility model, by the maximum of thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are set as above-mentioned scope, the optical center in face and the deviation at external diameter center can be reduced.Its result is, can reduce when being processed as optical lens in order to eccentric between opposite, radius of curvature and center wall thickness are adjusted, obtain desired function/shape and the removal amount that must be driven off.
It should be noted that, be set as radius 80% scope in the reason of thickness be, be set as the 100% of radius, i.e. in the case of thickness in the lateral circle surface 2C of grinding glass lens blank 2, because of lateral circle surface 2C and near incidental above-mentioned thrust etc. and be difficult to measure correct thickness；It addition, be set as in the case of the thickness of the position at external diameter center, the minima of thickness and the difference of maximum are less, it is therefore possible to be difficult to evaluate.
It addition, the size of lenticular blank 2 of the present utility model is not particularly limited, from the standpoint of more effectively reaching the purpose of this utility model, preferably more than diameter 10mm, and then be more highly preferred to according to more than 15mm, more than 18mm, the order of more than 20mm.
In the grinding glass lens blank 2 of an embodiment of the present utility model, first type surface (2A, the thickness main surface that defect in 2B) contains layer plays below preferably 150 μm, and then the least more be preferred according to the order below 120 μm, below 100 μm, below 90 μm.The lower limit of the thickness that drawbacks described above contains layer is not particularly limited, can be such as more than 50 μm or 80 μm more than.It should be noted that the thickness that defect contains layer means to be formed with the thickness of the part main surface of the deepest defect, i.e. it refers to the distance till observing the defect in deep when first type surface is observed.These defects contain layer to be needed to be completely removed in optical lens.
In the present embodiment, defect contain layer include contacting with working fluid and cause the rotten part of glass ingredient, in time softening to the crystallization part produced during compression molding, utilized amputation knife that melten glass is cut off time the vestige (cut channel, shear mark) etc. that produces.
The thickness that defect contains layer can utilize following method to be measured.
Make under the same conditions, and periodically change the grinding degree of depth, be thereby preparing for multiple lenticular blank.The grinding degree of depth of each lenticular blank can be such as 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm, 160 μm.
For being ground the abradant surface of processing lenticular blank till the predetermined degree of depth from the first type surface of lenticular blank, irradiate argon lamp, and carry out bright spot observation.After processing lens remaining defective containing layer in the case of, defect contains layer makes light scattering, therefore becomes the reason of bright spot.It is thus possible, for instance observe bright spot in the case of grinding the degree of depth 100 μm and grinding the degree of depth 120 μm, but in the case of not observing bright spot when grinding more than the degree of depth 140 μm, the thickness that defect contains layer is judged to 120 μm.On the other hand, in the case of grinding the degree of depth 100 μm, observe bright spot, but in the case of not observing bright spot when grinding more than the degree of depth 120 μm, the thickness that defect contains layer is judged to 100 μm.
As the glass material of the glass lens blank 2 of present embodiment, it is not particularly limited, such as, uses glass shown below.
For the glass being preferably used for the glass material as the glass lens blank 2 of present embodiment, it is as the fluorphosphate glass of glass ingredient including at least P (phosphorus), O (oxygen) and F (fluorine).It is particularly suitable for mol ratio O2 -/P5+Less than 3.5 and be susceptible to the fluorphosphate glass of surface brush line or containing the high B (boron) of volatility or the fluorphosphate glass of Si (silicon).It addition, for wear intensity FABe more than 400 fluorphosphate glass be also suitable.
It should be noted that, the content of the P (phosphorus) in fluorphosphate glass such as can pass through the methods such as ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrum) analysis and obtain.The content of O (oxygen) such as can be obtained by adding the methods such as thermal melting-NDIR (Non Dispersive Infra Red, non-dispersive infrared ray) analysis.Respective assay value the most such as comprise assay value ± evaluated error of 5% degree.
It addition, wear intensity (FA) obtained by following method.
It is 9cm by mensuration area2Test portion keep the constant position away from center 80mm of cast iron plane vessel that is 60 turns per minute of level, the lapping liquid that with the addition of water 20ml in the aluminum abrasive particle 10g of mean diameter 20 μm is supplied uniformly across 5 minutes, the load of applying 9.807N is ground.Weigh the test portion quality before and after grinding, obtain abrasion quality m.Similarly, abrasion quality m of the Standard testing agent (BSC7) can specified by Japan's Optical Glass Industrial is measured0, calculate wear intensity (F according to following formulaA)。
[several 1]
Herein, d is the proportion of test portion, dOProportion for Standard testing agent (BSC7).
Then, use Fig. 2 A～Fig. 5 that the concrete example of manufacture method of the grinding glass lens blank 2 shown in Figure 1A is described.
Fig. 2 A is the flow chart representing the operation manufacturing the blank shown in Figure 1A.Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the example illustrating the glass blocks formation process shown in Fig. 2 A.As shown in Figure 2 A, glass blocks is formed in step sl.In order to form glass blocks, as it is shown on figure 3, drip melten glass from fusing glass atomizer 40 to the receiving portion 32 of the concave shape of the upper surface being formed at glass blocks pallet 30 and be internally formed glass blocks 20 in receiving portion 32.
Pallet 30 is previously heated to predetermined temperature.As the temperature of pallet 30, for example, 250～500 DEG C.Additionally, nozzle 40 may be controlled to predetermined temperature.As the temperature of nozzle 40, additionally depend on the material of glass, but for example, 700～1200 DEG C.Now, the viscosity of the glass dripped from nozzle is preferably 2～30dPa s.It is above-mentioned scope by the viscosity making the melten glass of glass blocks formation process, it is possible to manufacture, with high production rate, the glass blocks that deviation of weight is little.
As the example of the shape of glass blocks 20, spherical or its approximate shapes, flat ellipse of revolution shape, biconvex curve form, single lug concave curve surface shape etc. can be enumerated, but be not particularly limited.
Cutting through of melten glass uses the cutting-off method of known amputation knife to carry out.
Glass blocks 20 after cooling down on glass blocks pallet becomes less than the temperature of glass transformation temperature Tg, after moving to extracting position, is removed from pallet 30.Thus, such as the glass blocks 20 of 5g can be manufactured with the 1 minute productivity ratio of more than 15.
In glass blocks formation process, preferably viscosity and cut-out condition according to melten glass carries out weight management.The rate of outflow of melten glass can be controlled by the viscosity adjusting melten glass.Cut-out amount can be controlled by the cut-out condition (cut-off velocity, the opportunity of cut-out or interval) of melten glass.By controlling the rate of outflow and the cut-out amount of melten glass, can suppress to supply the deviation of weight of the melten glass to pallet 30.In the present embodiment, deviation of weight can be set to ± 1% within, be preferably within ± 0.5%.
Additionally, in glass blocks formation process, the pallet 30 of glass blocks molding is heated to predetermined temperature, can supply continuously.Therefore, utilize the pallet 30 of this glass blocks molding to collect the melten glass of supply continuously, be shaped and form glass blocks, it is possible to manufacture glass blocks 20 with high production rate.Especially, if the pallet 30 of multiple glass blocks molding being continuously fed into the lower section of nozzle to manufacture glass blocks 20, then its effect becomes notable.
In addition it is also possible to the feed speed of the viscosity and pallet 30 by adjusting melten glass suppresses the deviation of weight of glass blocks.I.e., it is possible to by adjusting the viscosity of melten glass, control the rate of outflow of the melten glass flowed out from nozzle；The cut-out amount of melten glass can be determined by adjusting the feed speed of pallet 30.
In the present embodiment, it is considered to distribute the grinding step of final lens product in subsequent processing, in the glass blocks obtained by glass blocks formation process, can have the fold etc. that can remove with grinding step on surface.
As shown in Figure 2 A, after step S1 forming glass blocks, in step s 2, releasing agent coating (attachment) operation is carried out.In (attachment) operation of this releasing agent coating cooling, the softening dish used to prevent from making glass blocks soften in reheating operation described later is hot sticky with glass, is situated between at releasing agent.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the example illustrating releasing agent coating (attachment) operation shown in Fig. 2 A.As shown in Figure 4, in releasing agent coating (attachment) operation, conveying direction X along the softening dish 50 being formed with multiple holding recess 52 carries releasing agent, along conveying direction X in first position, releasing agent is carried out spraying and being paved with releasing agent 60a the concave surface entirety of holding recess 52 from the first release agent nozzle 54a towards the holding recess 52 of sky.It addition, softening dish 50 can be made up of the pottery with thermostability, metal, brick etc..Additionally, releasing agent 60a, 60b prevent the hot sticky of softening dish 50 and glass.
Releasing agent 60a is preferably by applied in the way of the concave surface spilling of holding recess 52.The coating weight (coating density) of releasing agent 60a is not particularly limited.
As releasing agent 60a, using the powder releasing agent of boron nitride, aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide etc., the mean diameter of releasing agent is not particularly limited, but preferably 1～20 μm.Conveying direction X carries and is paved with the holding recess 52 of releasing agent 60a, between the first release agent nozzle 54a and the second release agent nozzle 54b, on the releasing agent 60a being coated with, supply glass blocks 20.
Then, in the 2nd position that there is the second release agent nozzle 54b, thus it is coated with (attachment) releasing agent 60b from nozzle 54b towards the spraying of the upper surface entirety of glass blocks 20.Releasing agent 60b is preferably identical with above-mentioned releasing agent 60b, but can be different types of releasing agent, it is also possible to be the releasing agent of different mean diameter.Preferably identical with the coating weight of the releasing agent being coated with from nozzle 54a from the coating weight of the releasing agent of this nozzle 54b coating but it also may different.It should be noted that in the case of being coated with after (attachment) releasing agent 60a to the holding recess 52 of softening dish 50, it is convenient to omit the operation of (attachment) releasing agent 60b it is coated with to the glass blocks 20 being supplied to holding recess 52.
As shown in Figure 2 A, in step S3 of then step S2, carry out reheating operation.Reheating in operation, the softening dish 50 of the glass blocks 20 that the mounting shown in Fig. 4 is coated with releasing agent 60a, 60b is fed to eliminate along conveying direction X in the heating furnace of diagram.In the inside of heating furnace, glass blocks 20 is reheated.
Temperature in heating furnace, more than the softening point of the glass material that the glass blocks 20 being coated with releasing agent is heated to composition glass blocks 20.Such as heat in being set as the heating furnace of temperature of 500～1000 DEG C.By this reheating, glass blocks 20 softens, and its viscosity is preferably 104～106dPa·s.Reheat operation to carry out under air atmosphere.
When making glass blocks 20 soften with heating furnace, viscosity reduction, the height reduction of glass blocks 20 and the enlarged outside diameter of glass blocks 20.Now, as long as the releasing agent 60b on glass blocks 20 unrolls between glass blocks 20 and holding recess 52 just can wrap up glass blocks 20 with less amount of releasing agent 60a, 60b, therefore, it is possible to play sufficient stripping result in the case of not surface to glass blocks carries out roughened processing.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, for for obtaining glass blocks operation to compression molding, it is convenient to omit the surface of glass blocks to be carried out the operation (barreling operation etc.) of roughened process.Further, in the present embodiment, for for obtaining the glass blocks 20 operation to compression molding, it is also possible to omit the operation that glass blocks is carried out grinding or grinding.
As shown in Figure 2 A, in step S4 of then step S3, carry out mold pressing procedure.Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the example illustrating the mold pressing procedure shown in Fig. 2 A.In mold pressing procedure, glass blocks 20 is molded by the die device 70 shown in Fig. 5.Glass blocks 20 has softened into predetermined viscosity (10 in reheating operation4～106DPa s), in this condition, it is moved to above lower mold 72 in the inside of the cylinder mould 73 of the molding device 70 shown in Fig. 5.Upper mold 74 and lower mold 72 are pre-coated with releasing agent.
Additionally, upper mold 74 and lower mold 72 have been pre-heated to 400～800 DEG C.After providing glass blocks 20 to lower mold 72, upper mold 74 is relatively close to lower mold 72, thus is clamped between upper mold 74 and lower mold 72 by glass blocks 20 and carries out molding processing.It should be noted that compression molding can be carried out under air atmosphere.
Glass blocks 20 is reheated (softening) and carries out, therefore, it is possible to shape based on mould produces the shape close to final glass product to the viscosity set by above-mentioned reheating by compression molding.The grinding glass lens blank 2 shown in Figure 1A is obtained by this mold pressing procedure.
In the grinding glass lens blank 2 of an embodiment of the present utility model, the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are below 200 μm.This grinding glass lens blank such as can be used the die device shown in Fig. 5, be manufactured by following sequence in mold pressing procedure.
[1] as mentioned above glass blocks is carried out compression molding, manufacture pseudo-lenticular blank.
[2] for pseudo-lenticular blank, using known thickness deviation mensuration fixture, the maximum of thickness and the point of minima to representing from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius carry out specific, and obtain the difference of this maximum and minima.
[3] in order to reduce the maximum calculated by above-mentioned [2] and the difference of minima, the mold pressing axle (upper mold of connecting mold device and the imaginary axis at the respective center of lower mold) shown in Fig. 5 is adjusted.Such as, corresponding specific expression maximum and the point of minima, the slope of upper mold 74 can be adjusted.Now, the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the mode that difference is below 200 μm of minima according to lenticular blank are adjusted.
[4] above-mentioned [1]～[3] are repeated as required.
[5] use the die device adjusted in above-mentioned [3], [4] to carry out the compression molding of glass blocks.For the grinding glass lens blank obtained, the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are below 200 μm.
It should be noted that, the mold pressing load (hereinafter referred merely to as " mold pressing load ") of the per unit area in mold pressing procedure according to target shape of the composition of glass blocks and external diameter or glass lens blank 2 etc. and different, but 5～17MPa (51～173kgf/cm2) more satisfactory.If mold pressing load is outside above-mentioned scope, then the form accuracy of the glass lens blank 2 after molding deteriorates sometimes.In the present embodiment, the form accuracy of glass lens blank 2 refers to eccentric between face, radius of curvature and the precision of center wall thickness.
Fig. 5 illustrates single die device 70, but actually, die device 70 has multiple, and the shape of forming surface is not limited to example illustrated, can use and biconvex lens, biconcave lens, planoconvex lens, planoconcave lens, male bend moon-shaped lens, the corresponding shape such as each shape of recessed meniscus lens.
Additionally, compression molding is carried out at a relatively high temperature, therefore to prevent the hot sticky of glass blocks 20 and mould 72,74, it is more satisfactory that the forming surface in lower mold 72 and/or upper mold 74 is coated with (attachment) above-mentioned releasing agent.
＜ optical lens ＞
The optical lens of present embodiment is formed by the grinding glass lens blank obtained by present embodiment is carried out grinding and grinding.
Hereinafter, grinding and the grinding step of the lenticular blank 2 shown in Figure 1A is described with reference to Fig. 2 B, but this utility model is not by any restriction of implementation below, it is possible in the range of the purpose of this utility model, suitably apply change implement.
In step S10 shown in Fig. 2 B, use curve generator (Curve Generator) carries out the spherical grinding operation (CG processing) of the first type surface of the lenticular blank 2 shown in Figure 1A.The thickness of CG machining area is not particularly limited, but preferably 50～200 μm.Process time needed for CG processing is not particularly limited, but is about 40～90 seconds.
In CG processes, to the first type surface of lenticular blank 2, include that the CG machining area (CG processing capacity) of the surface defects such as surface brush line carries out grinding.CG processing such as uses the grinding stone in the abrasive particle portion that particle diameter is 20～60 μm (being expressed as #800～#400 by granularity) with the abrasive particle being made up of diamond particles, carries out grinding while supply grinding fluid.
Processed by such CG, bias between lenticular blank 2 is adjusted, its first type surface is shaped to the shape close with the sphere with predetermined curvature.
In the lenticular blank 2 of present embodiment, the thickness that the surface brush line in first type surface 2A, 2B contains layer is few to 150 μm, and the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are below 200 μm.Thus, in the stage of CG processing, surface brush line is contained layer and fully removes, even if it addition, eccentric between opposite, radius of curvature and center wall thickness are adjusted and are shaped to the shape approximated with desired shape, without reaming first type surface in a large number.
In the lenticular blank 2 of present embodiment, it is possible to use the thinner grinding stone of granularity as CG processing grinding stone.For the grinding stone of fine size, it is difficult to once carry out substantial amounts of processing, therefore cannot be carried out processing in the case of target processing capacity is more.But, the lenticular blank 2 of present embodiment can reduce target processing capacity in CG processes, even the grinding stone that therefore granularity is thinner also has been able to CG processing.
Additionally, in the lenticular blank 2 of present embodiment, it is possible to the grinding stone thinner by granularity carries out CG processing, therefore, it is possible to prevent the fine crack produced because of CG processing from feeding through to the deep of glass.
In the case of the grinding stone that use granularity is thinner, the amount that can be once processed is less, but the fine crack produced by processing will not become profound (being such as limited to be separated by below 15 μm with surface), it is possible to fully removes fine crack in later process.
Then, as shown in Figure 2 B, in step s 11, smooth processing based on fine ginding operation (SM processing) is carried out.SM processing can be the processing in a stage, it is also possible to is multistage processing.For example, it is possible to change condition and carry out 2 SM processing, i.e. 1SM machining area and 2SM machining area can be divided into remove SM machining area.
It addition, in the present embodiment, in SM processes, the grinding stone of metal adhesive can not be used only to use the processing of resinoid bond grinding stone.Thus, in the present embodiment, it is possible to the degree of depth adding the fine crack on the surface resulting from lenticular blank man-hour at SM is suppressed the most shallow.The processing only using resinoid bond is particularly suitable for wear intensity FAThe fluorphosphate glass of more than 400.
Generally, as processing with CG, in SM processes, also due to the basilar part of grinding stone or abrasive particle portion contact with lenticular blank, the newly generated countless fine crack on the surface of the lenticular blank processed.Particularly in the case of using metal adhesive grinding stone, add man-hour at SM, owing to contacting with lenticular blank bottom the Metal Substrate of grinding stone, produce the fine crack of tens microns (such as 30～40 μm) on the surface of lenticular blank.
On the other hand, in the case of using resinoid bond grinding stone, compared with metal adhesive grinding stone, the base part of grinding stone is greatly reduced with the impact caused that contacts of lenticular blank, therefore, it is possible to the depth limit to less than several microns (below such as 5 μm) that the fine crack that man-hour produces will be added at SM.
In the present embodiment, in the case of only using resinoid bond grinding stone, it is possible to the degree of depth of the fine crack that due to SM processing produce is greatly reduced.As such resinoid bond grinding stone, it is possible to use the particle diameter of the abrasive particle being made up of diamond particles is the grinding stone of 8～20 μm (being expressed as #2500～#1200 by granularity).Additionally, in the present embodiment, the roughness ratio roughness of the grinding stone of use in 1SM processes that can make the grinding stone used in 2SM processing is thin.
Further, in the present embodiment, the resinoid bond grinding stone using man-hour granularity thinner is added at 2SM, thus compared with the situation of the grinding stone bigger with using granularity, it is possible to reduce the degree of depth of produced fine crack further.According to such present embodiment, the processing capacity that can make later process (attrition process) is below 10 μm.
Process time needed for the SM processing carrying out the lenticular blank after CG processes is not particularly limited, but amounts to about 30～120 seconds.The thickness (SM processing capacity) of SM machining area is not particularly limited, but amounts to and be preferably 10～50 μm.
It should be noted that add man-hour carrying out SM, preferably the processing capacity in each stage is set to below 30 μm.By so suppressing the SM processing capacity in each stage, SM processing can not only be shortened and can also shorten the attrition process time.In addition, it is possible to the form accuracy making the lens after processing is good.In the present embodiment, the form accuracy of optical lens refers to eccentric between face, radius of curvature and the precision of center wall thickness.
Then, as shown in Figure 2 B, in step s 12, it is ground processing.In grinding step, with the lapping liquid grinding abrasive particle comprising the 5 following particle diameters of μm, surface is ground, abrasive areas (amount of grinding) is ground.The thickness of abrasive areas is preferably 3～10 μm, and process time is about 2～10 minutes.The optical lens face 2c (first type surface) of optical lens main body 2b is formed by this grinding step.
Finally, step S13 shown in Fig. 2 B carries out operation of feeling relieved, but according to circumstances can also omit centering operation.In centering operation, such as, carry out following processing: feel relieved by a pair Lens holder clamping optical lens main body 2b, make lens body 2b while its centrage rotates, with diamond lap stone etc., the lateral circle surface of lens body 2b is being ground to positive round.
It is illustrated as a example by the grinding shown in Fig. 2 B and grinding step before this, but the manufacturing process employing the optical lens of the lenticular blank 2 of present embodiment is not limited to such operation, it is possible to carry out by various operations.
Such as, in the lenticular blank 2 of present embodiment, it is also possible to omit the CG processing of step S10 shown in Fig. 2 B.As mentioned above, for the lenticular blank 2 of present embodiment, the thickness that surface brush line in first type surface 2A contains layer is few the least to below 200 μm to (first type surface 2B is also same) below 150 μm, the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima.Therefore, containing layer to fully remove surface brush line, and obtain desired function/shape to adjust bias, radius of curvature and center wall thickness between face, removal amount is few.For the lenticular blank 2 of this present embodiment, in order to remove the surface defects such as surface brush line, be shaped to the lens of desired shape, it is not necessary to carry out substantial amounts of processing, it is also possible to omit the CG processing of step S10 shown in Fig. 2 B.I.e., it is also possible to process the processing starting lenticular blank 2 from the SM of step S11 shown in Fig. 2 B.
In the case of the CG processing omitting step S10, add at SM and can use metal adhesive grinding stone man-hour.It should be noted that in the case of employing metal adhesive grinding stone, although there is the problem that fine crack as described above deepens, but from can be effective from the standpoint of more setting processing capacity compared with resinoid bond grinding stone.
So can obtain the various optical lenses such as biconvex lens, biconcave lens, planoconvex lens, planoconcave lens, male bend moon-shaped lens, recessed meniscus lens.It should be noted that the operation shown in Fig. 2 B can be carried out in different places from the operation shown in Fig. 2 A.
Can be according to application target, to the optical function topcoating cloth antireflection film of obtained lens, total reflection film etc..
This utility model is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, it is possible to carry out various change in the range of this utility model.
Such as, in above-mentioned present embodiment, when utilizing grinding glass lens blank of the present utility model to make optical lens, in SM processing after CG processes, exemplified with not using the mode of metal adhesive grinding stone, but even the SM processing after CG processes uses metal adhesive grinding stone.That is, the grinding glass lens blank of present embodiment also be able to for existing carry out the various manufacturing processes of optical lens and condition.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, based on embodiment and comparative example, this utility model is illustrated, but this utility model is not limited to these embodiments.It should be noted that " maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima ", " thickness that surface brush line contains layer ", " thickness that defect contains layer " and " removal amount " have been carried out as follows evaluation.
(maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima)
Known thickness deviation mensuration fixture is used to measure the minima of thickness and the maximum of lenticular blank from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius.Then, the difference of this minima and maximum is obtained, thus the maximum of specific thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima.
The thickness of layer (the surface brush line contain)
It it is the abradant surface of linearity when a part for the lateral circle surface of lenticular blank is formed and overlooks.At the lateral circle surface across external diameter center Yu this abradant surface opposite side, form another abradant surface parallel with this abradant surface.Till abradant surface is ground to optical mirror plane.Then, lamp is utilized to irradiate light to an abradant surface, while using magnifier with a scale from the unilateral observation of another abradant surface through light.Use magnifier with a scale, determine through the uneven part of light from first type surface distance to deep.At 8, (4 to) form abradant surface, each abradant surface be measured, its maximum contains as surface brush line the thickness of layer.
The thickness of layer (defect contain)
Make under the same conditions, periodically change and grind the degree of depth, be thereby preparing for multiple lenticular blank.The grinding degree of depth of each lenticular blank is 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm, 160 μm.
For being ground the abradant surface of processing lenticular blank till the predetermined degree of depth from the first type surface of each lenticular blank, irradiate argon lamp, and carry out bright spot observation.Observe bright spot in the case of grinding the degree of depth 100 μm and grinding the degree of depth 120 μm, but in the case of not observing bright spot when grinding more than the degree of depth 140 μm, the thickness that defect contains layer is judged to 120 μm.
(removal amount)
Prepare multiple lenticular blank made under the same conditions, the center wall thickness D1 of lenticular blank is measured.
Then, processing is ground for first type surface until confirming to contain layer less than surface brush line.It should be noted that herein, first type surface is a face of lenticular blank.Specifically, for the multiple lenticular blank prepared, carry out the interim attrition process changing milling time, for each lenticular blank, confirm to contain layer with or without surface brush line.Further, the center wall thickness D2 of the lens that confirmation contains layer less than surface brush line is determined.About containing the confirmation of layer with or without surface brush line, carried out by the method described in above-mentioned (thickness that surface brush line contains layer).Using the difference of the center wall thickness D1 of lenticular blank and the center wall thickness D2 of the lens carrying out attrition process as the removal amount of lenticular blank.
(grinding with the manufacture of glass lens blank)
In the way of becoming predetermined composition, raw material will be prepared, melt, for the obtained melten glass being made up of fluorphosphate glass, flow down continuously with constant speed from the effuser of platinum alloy, and use the mould of glass blocks molding continuously to accept the glass flowed down, thus continuously shaped for glass blocks.When the temperature of glass is reduced to below glass transformation temperature, takes out glass blocks from mould, thus obtain glass blocks.Then, releasing agent (boron nitride) is coated reheat the softening pallet of the reheater used in operation.
In the case of obtained glass blocks (diameter about 30mm, thickness about 5mm, weight about 18g) not being implemented the front travels (the most simultaneously maintaining the apparent condition of glass blocks) such as barreling, it is supplied to be coated with on the pallet of releasing agent.The glass blocks being fed on pallet puts into the heating furnace being set to 500～750 DEG C together with pallet, and is reheated under air atmosphere.Glass blocks after reheating softens to about 105The viscosity of dPa s.
Then, the forming surface coated release agent to the die device of compression molding.Under air atmosphere, use the die device of compression molding that the glass blocks softened by reheating is carried out compression molding.Compression molding is carried out as follows: use the mould of the temperature being heated to 500 DEG C, with 8～8.5MPa (81～87kgf/cm2) mold pressing load carried out above-mentioned compression molding.Obtain the lenticular blank (diameter 50mm, center wall thickness 3mm, weight 18g) of two-sided convex.Mol ratio O of the lenticular blank should being made up of fluorphosphate glass2 -/P5+Less than 3.5, and wear intensity FAIt is more than 400.
It should be noted that the slope of the upper die and lower die of die device is finely adjusted whole, as shown in table 1, it is set according to the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the mode that difference D is preset range of minima.
Table 1 shows the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius of so obtained lenticular blank and difference D of minima, is formed at thickness (μm) and the removal amount (μm) of necessity that the surface brush line of first type surface (being molded into profile) contains layer.It should be noted that the thickness that surface brush line contains layer is below 150 μm (80～120 μm) in all lenticular blank.It addition, include embodiment and comparative example, the thickness that defect contains layer is 120 μm.
In the maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and difference D of minima are 200 μm below example 1～7, necessary removal amount is below 200 μm.On the other hand, in the maximum of above-mentioned thickness and difference D of minima more than in the comparative example 1,2 of 200 μm, the thickness of surface brush line and embodiment 1～7 are same degree, but removal amount significantly increases.
[table 1]
Symbol description
2 ... grind and use glass lens blank
2A ... first type surface (is molded into profile)
2B ... first type surface (is molded into profile)
2C ... lateral circle surface
2D ... external diameter center
20 ... glass blocks
30 ... glass blocks pallet
32 ... receiving portion
40 ... fusing glass atomizer
50 ... softening dish
52 ... holding recess
54A, 54B ... release agent nozzle
60A, 60B ... releasing agent
70 ... die device
72 ... lower mold
73 ... cylinder mould
74 ... upper mold
X ... conveying direction.
Claims (17)
1. grinding and use a glass lens blank, at least first type surface of this grinding glass lens blank is compression molding
Face, it is characterised in that
The thickness that the surface brush line of described first type surface contains layer is below 150 μm,
The maximum of the thickness from the scope of the 80% of external diameter center radius and the difference of minima are below 200 μm.
2. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that described grinding glass is saturating
Mirror blank is made up of fluorphosphate glass.
3. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that described surface brush line contains
The thickness of layer is below 120 μm.
4. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that described surface brush line contains
The thickness of layer is below 100 μm.
5. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that described surface brush line contains
The thickness of layer is below 90 μm.
6. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that lacking in described first type surface
Falling into the thickness containing layer is below 150 μm.
7. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that lacking in described first type surface
Falling into the thickness containing layer is below 120 μm.
8. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that lacking in described first type surface
Falling into the thickness containing layer is below 100 μm.
9. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that lacking in described first type surface
Falling into the thickness containing layer is below 90 μm.
10. as claimed in claim 1 grinding uses glass lens blank, it is characterised in that from described external diameter center
Rise radius 80% scope in the maximum of thickness and the difference of minima be below 150 μm.
11. as claimed in claim 1 grindings use glass lens blank, it is characterised in that from described external diameter center
The maximum of the thickness in the scope of the 80% of radius and the difference of minima are 100 μm.
12. as claimed in claim 1 grindings use glass lens blank, it is characterised in that from described external diameter center
The maximum of the thickness in the scope of the 80% of radius and the difference of minima are below 80 μm.
13. as claimed in claim 1 grindings use glass lens blank, it is characterised in that from described external diameter center
The maximum of the thickness in the scope of the 80% of radius and the difference of minima are below 50 μm.
14. as claimed in claim 1 grindings use glass lens blank, it is characterised in that this grinding glass lens
A diameter of more than 10mm of blank.
15. as claimed in claim 1 grindings use glass lens blank, it is characterised in that this grinding glass lens
A diameter of more than 15mm of blank.
16. as claimed in claim 1 grindings use glass lens blank, it is characterised in that this grinding glass lens
A diameter of more than 18mm of blank.
17. as claimed in claim 1 grindings use glass lens blank, it is characterised in that this grinding glass lens
A diameter of more than 20mm of blank.
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| JP2015257401A JP2017066018A (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-28 | Polishing glass lens blank and method for manufacturing optical lens |
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| CN1654384B (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2013-06-26 | Hoya株式会社 | Method of manufacturing precision glass spheres and method of manufacturing optical glass elements |
| JP4785047B2 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2011-10-05 | Ｈｏｙａ株式会社 | Lens and manufacturing method thereof |
| TWI623502B (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2018-05-11 | Hoya Corp | Glass lens blank for polishing, manufacturing method thereof, and manufacturing method of optical lens |
| CN104297821A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-21 | 中国航天科工集团第三研究院第八三五八研究所 | Processing method of germanium glass lens with central hole |
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