CN212482692U

CN212482692U - Broadband direct solar illumination measuring device

Info

Publication number: CN212482692U
Application number: CN202021563227.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘琰; 余卫政; 吴龙; 丁言志
Original assignee: Anhui Zhongke Pirida Optoelectronics Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Zhongke Pirida Optoelectronics Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-31
Filing date: 2020-07-31
Publication date: 2021-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a broadband solar straight illumination measuring device, including even light ware, optic fibre bundle, beam split detection unit, sun-tracking device and two dimension revolving stage. Wherein, the dodging device comprises a built-in diaphragm and a scattering sheet, and the measuring field of view of the instrument is limited to be 3 degrees. The light equalizer is used for uniformly diffusing light to direct solar radiation firstly, and then transmitting light signals after light equalization to a light splitting detection unit in the two-dimensional turntable through a low-loss one-to-three optical fiber bundle. The utility model discloses an independent three beam split detection unit realizes 400 and gives other care 2500nm wide spectral range's direct solar radiation illuminance measurement. The three light-splitting detection units all adopt the forms of slits, optical filters, flat field concave gratings and linear array detectors to realize light signal acquisition. The utility model discloses a high accuracy even light equipment, high accuracy sun-tracking device and beam split detection unit can realize the automatic measure of the direct radiation of broadband within range sun, satisfy the user demand.

Description

Broadband direct solar illumination measuring device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an optical radiation measuring device technical field especially relates to a broadband solar radiation illuminance measuring device that penetrates directly that is used for atmospheric optical characteristic research and solar radiation transmission to survey.

Background

In the fields of solar radiation research, environmental monitoring, satellite remote sensing and the like, direct solar radiation is an important prerequisite for obtaining parameters such as the optical thickness of atmospheric aerosol, the whole layer atmospheric transmittance and the like.

At present, there are two main methods for measuring direct solar radiation. One method is direct measurement using a solar photometer. The solar photometer can measure the direct solar radiation with corresponding wavelength by utilizing a plurality of narrow-band filters under the auxiliary action of a dual-drive stepping motor and a solar tracker. This method has a high measurement accuracy, but is limited by the number of filters, making it difficult to achieve full coverage over a wide spectral range.

Another method is indirect measurement by a solar spectrum irradiance meter. When the shading device of the solar spectrum irradiance meter moves to a position flush with the entrance pupil plane of the integrating sphere of the instrument, the entrance opening of the integrating sphere is completely exposed to sunlight, and the measurement data of the solar spectrum irradiance meter is sky total irradiance. When the shading device of the solar spectrum irradiance meter moves to the direct solar radiation position, the sun, the shading device and the integrating sphere light inlet are on the same straight line, the shading device completely shades the sun, the direct solar light is prevented from being incident to the integrating sphere, and at the moment, the measurement data of the solar spectrum irradiance meter is the sky diffused irradiance. The difference between the total sky radiation and the diffused sky radiation is the direct solar radiation. The measuring method has complex measuring process and long measuring period.

With the development of science and technology, the demand of various scientific fields for wide-band range, high-precision resolution and full-automatic direct solar radiation measurement data is increasing day by day, and the prior art means is difficult to be directly applied.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses the purpose is exactly in order to compensate prior art's defect, provides a broadband solar radiation illuminance measuring device to satisfy full-automatic, the high accuracy detection of broadband within range solar radiation illuminance.

The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

a broadband direct solar illumination measuring device comprises a light homogenizer, an optical fiber bundle, a light splitting detection unit, a solar tracking device and a two-dimensional rotary table. The light uniformizer performs light uniformization on direct solar radiation and transmits the uniform light to the light splitting detection unit through an optical fiber bundle, and the light splitting detection unit realizes measurement of a 400-2500nm wide spectrum signal; according to the signal feedback of a four-quadrant detector arranged in the sun tracking device, the two-dimensional rotary table adjusts the rotating direction and angle in real time, so that the sun tracking device and the light homogenizer are always aligned to the sun.

The field angle of the light homogenizer is 3 degrees (the field angle can be changed according to the use requirement), and the light homogenizer comprises a field diaphragm, a stray light eliminating diaphragm, a scattering sheet and a quartz light window. The direct solar radiation is uniformly diffused by the scattering sheet and then transmitted to the input end of the optical fiber bundle. The scattering sheet can realize low-loss incident light dodging in a wide band range from ultraviolet to short-wave infrared. In the measuring process, one end of the light homogenizer is a bonded quartz optical window, and the other end of the light homogenizer is a hermetically connected optical fiber bundle, so that waterproof sealing in the measuring process can be realized.

The optical fiber bundle adopts low OH-quartz optical fiber, and has higher transmission efficiency in the range of 400-2500 nm. The optical fiber bundle includes one optical input end and three optical output ends. The input end of the optical fiber bundle is hermetically connected with the light equalizer, and the three output ends of the optical fiber bundle are respectively and correspondingly connected with the light splitting detection unit in the rotary table. Two ends of the optical fiber bundle are respectively connected with the light equalizer and the light splitting detection unit outside and inside the rotary table, and the position of an optical fiber outlet hole on the surface of the rotary table shell is sealed by a waterproof connector. The optical fiber bundle ensures that the three light splitting detection units have the same signal input while realizing low-loss transmission of optical signals.

The three light-splitting detection units can realize the measurement of the direct solar illumination at the broadband of 400-2500 nm. The three light-splitting detection units all adopt light-splitting modes of a slit, an optical filter, a flat field concave grating and a linear array detector. The spectral ranges of the three light-splitting detection units are respectively 400-950nm visible-near infrared band, 950-1650nm short-wave infrared 1 band and 1650-2500nm short-wave infrared 2 band. In order to reduce the influence of temperature on the short-wave infrared detector, the temperature control is respectively carried out on the two light-splitting detection units of 950-1650nm and 1650-2500 nm. The heat conduction path from inside to outside is as follows: the device comprises a detector, a heat conducting block, a TEC thermoelectric refrigerator and a unit shell. The light splitting detection unit module is reliably fixed at the bottom of the rotary table shell, and physical heat dissipation is carried out through the instrument shell. By controlling the temperature, the detectors of the two light splitting detection units are always refrigerated at-10 ℃ and-20 ℃.

The direct solar radiation is homogenized by the homogenizer and then is transmitted to the slit position of each light-splitting detection unit module by the optical fiber bundle, the incident light passes through the slit and the optical filter in sequence, is split by the flat field concave grating and then is detected by the linear array detector, and the signal is output after being processed by the main control circuit.

The sun tracking device comprises a four-quadrant detector, a fixed back plate, a spring and an adjusting screw, and the optical axis of the sun tracking device is adjusted to be aligned with the sun by adjusting the length of the spring between the four-quadrant detector and the fixed back plate. The sun tracking device is matched with the two-dimensional rotary table, so that the sun tracking precision is better than +/-0.1 degrees.

The two-dimensional rotary table is driven by a stepping motor, and can rotate by 0-360 degrees horizontally and-15-100 degrees vertically through a gear, a worm gear and a secondary speed reducer and a related control circuit.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses beneficial effect embodies:

the utility model discloses a solar tracker and two-dimensional revolving stage realize the accurate tracking of sun, are prepared for the direct irradiation illuminance measurement of sun. The direct solar illumination intensity measurement device adopts a light homogenizer with a built-in scattering sheet to uniformly diffuse direct solar radiation, and combines an optical fiber bundle and a light splitting detection unit to realize direct measurement of direct solar illumination intensity in a wide waveband range.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses shortwave infrared spectroscopy detection unit's schematic structure.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a broadband direct solar illuminance measuring device includes a light homogenizer 3, an optical fiber bundle 2, a light splitting detection unit 8, a solar tracking device 9 and a two-dimensional turntable 1. The light uniformizing device 3 and the sun tracking device 9 are reliably arranged at the position of an extension line of the vertical rotating shaft of the two-dimensional rotating table 1 and can realize the change of the space position along with the rotation of the two-dimensional rotating table 1, and after the installation is finished, the central shafts of the light uniformizing device 3 and the sun tracking device 9 are distributed in a normal direction with the vertical rotating shaft of the two-dimensional rotating table 1, and the central shafts of the light uniformizing device 3 and the sun tracking device are. The light homogenizer 3 limits the field of view of the instrument to 3 deg., and provides uniform light diffusion of the direct solar radiation. The optical signal after light homogenizing is transmitted to the light splitting detection unit 8 through the optical fiber bundle 2, and the light splitting detection unit 8 realizes direct solar illumination measurement in a wide spectral range of 400-2500nm through three independent optical modules. The two-dimensional rotary table 1 adjusts the rotation direction and the rotation angle in real time according to the feedback of the sun tracking device 8, so that the sun tracking device 8 and the light homogenizer 3 are always aligned to the sun.

The light equalizer 3 comprises a quartz light window 7, a field diaphragm 6, a stray light eliminating diaphragm 5 and a scattering sheet 4. In the measuring process of the instrument, one end of the light equalizer 3 is a quartz optical window 7 which is reliably bonded, and the other end of the light equalizer is the optical fiber bundle 2 which is connected in a sealing manner, so that waterproof sealing in the measuring process can be realized. The light homogenizer 3 limits the visual field of the instrument to be 3 degrees, and the direct solar radiation is output after stray light elimination and diffuse reflection diffusion and is transmitted to the position of the slit 18 of the light splitting detection unit module 8 through the optical fiber bundle 2.

The spectral range of a single detector and a grating is limited, and the measurement of the optical signal with the wide spectral range of 400-2500nm is realized by adopting three independent light splitting detection units. The three light-splitting detection units are respectively a 400-plus-950 nm visible-near infrared light-splitting unit, a 950-plus-1650 nm short-wave infrared 1 light-splitting unit and a 1650-plus-2500 nm short-wave infrared 2 light-splitting unit. The internal structure forms of the three unit modules are similar, and for short-wave infrared wave bands, in order to reduce the influence of temperature on the wave band range, the two short-wave infrared light splitting detection units need to be controlled in temperature respectively. As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the short wave infrared spectroscopy detection unit, an optical signal incident to the slit 18 from the optical fiber bundle 2 enters the flat field concave grating 23 after the optical filter 19 eliminates stray light, and is detected by the line array detector 22 after being subjected to light splitting, collimating and focusing by the grating 23. The heat conduction paths from inside to outside of the two short-wave infrared spectroscopic detection units are as follows: detector 22, heat conducting block 21, TEC thermoelectric cooler 20, and cell housing 24. The temperature control circuits 14 and 15 are used for respectively controlling the temperature of the short wave infrared 1 and short wave infrared 2 light splitting detection units, so that the detectors in the two modules always work at the temperature of-10 ℃ and-20 ℃. The three light-splitting detection unit modules can be fixed at the bottom of the shell of the two-dimensional rotary table 1 by means of the reliability and can perform physical heat dissipation through the shell of the instrument.

The sun tracking device 9 comprises a four-quadrant detector 10, an adjusting screw 11, a spring 12 and a fixed back plate 13. The optical axis of the sun-tracking device 9 is adjusted to be aligned with the sun by adjusting the length of the spring 11 between the sun-tracking device 9 and the fixed back plate 13. The sun tracking device 9 is matched with the two-dimensional rotary table 1 to realize precise tracking of the sun. The control tracking circuit 16 adjusts the rotation direction and rotation angle of the two-dimensional turntable 1 in real time according to the magnitude of signals received by the four photosensitive surfaces of the four-quadrant detector 10, so that the sun tracking device 9 and the light homogenizer 3 are always aligned with the sun. The two-dimensional turntable 1 can realize horizontal rotation of 0-360 degrees and vertical rotation of-15-100 degrees, and can realize precise sun tracking with tracking precision better than +/-0.1 degrees and repeated positioning precision better than 0.05 degrees by matching with a sun tracking device 9.

Direct solar radiation illuminance measuring device, its inside control part all controls through master control circuit 17.

Claims

1. A broadband direct solar illuminance measuring device is characterized in that: including two-dimensional revolving stage, optic fibre bundle, dodging ware, beam split detection unit and sun tracking device, the rotation of level and two perpendicular directions is realized through the one-level speed reduction of gear and the second grade speed reduction of worm gear to two-dimensional revolving stage, optic fibre bundle includes a public input and three output, and wherein, public input and the outside dodging ware sealing connection of two-dimensional revolving stage, three output are connected with the three beam split detection unit of placing at the revolving stage inside respectively, dodging ware is fixed on the extension of the perpendicular axis of rotation of two-dimensional revolving stage, and dodging ware center pin and the perpendicular pivot normal direction of revolving stage distribute, rotate along with the two-dimensional revolving stage, and dodging ware is just to the sun all the time, sun tracking device and dodging ware parallel arrangement, sun tracking device and two-dimensional revolving stage cooperation realize the accurate tracking of sun.

2. The broadband direct solar illuminance measurement device of claim 1, wherein: and the position of an optical fiber outlet hole on the two-dimensional rotary table outer shell is sealed by using a waterproof connector.

3. The broadband direct solar illuminance measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber bundle adopts low OH-optical fibers, and has higher transmission efficiency in the range of 400-2500 nm.

4. The broadband direct solar illuminance measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the three light-splitting detection units realize direct solar illumination measurement of a 400-ion 2500nm wide band, the three light-splitting detection units all adopt a light-splitting detection mode of a slit, an optical filter, a flat field concave grating and a linear array detector, are limited by the spectral ranges of a single flat field concave grating and a linear array detector, divide the whole spectral band into three parts, namely a 400-ion 950nm visible-near infrared band, a 950-ion 1650nm short-wave infrared 1 band and a 1650-ion 2500nm short-wave infrared 2 band, and control the temperature of the 950-ion 1650nm light-splitting detection units and the 1650-ion 2500nm light-splitting detection units respectively.

5. The broadband direct solar illuminance measurement device according to claim 4, wherein: the heat conduction paths from inside to outside of the 950-1650nm and 1650-2500nm spectroscopic detection units are as follows: the device comprises a linear array detector, a heat conducting block, a TEC thermoelectric refrigerator and a unit shell, wherein a light splitting detection unit is fixed at the bottom of the two-dimensional turntable shell, physical heat dissipation is carried out through the shell, and the detectors of the two light splitting detection units are respectively and constantly cooled to be at minus 10 ℃ and minus 20 ℃ through temperature control.

6. The broadband direct solar illuminance measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the field angle of the light homogenizer is 3 degrees, the light homogenizer comprises a field diaphragm, a stray light eliminating diaphragm, a scattering sheet and a quartz light window, direct solar radiation is uniformly diffused by the scattering sheet and then is transmitted to the public input end of an optical fiber bundle, the scattering sheet realizes low-loss incident light homogenization in a wide band range from ultraviolet to short wave infrared, and in the measuring process, one end of the light homogenizer is the bonded quartz light window, and the other end of the light homogenizer is the optical fiber bundle in sealing connection.

7. The broadband direct solar illuminance measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the sun tracking device comprises a four-quadrant detector, a fixed back plate, a spring and an adjusting screw, the length of the spring between the sun tracking device and the fixed back plate is adjusted under an initial state, the optical axis of the sun tracking device is adjusted to be aligned with the sun, and in the measuring process, the sun tracking condition of the instrument is judged by comparing optical signals received by four photosensitive surfaces of the four-quadrant detector.

8. The broadband direct solar illuminance measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the two-dimensional rotary table is driven by a stepping motor, and the rotation of 0-360 degrees horizontally and 15-100 degrees vertically is realized through a gear and a two-stage speed reducer of a worm gear.