CN212457890U - High-purity graphite continuous production system - Google Patents
High-purity graphite continuous production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212457890U CN212457890U CN202020726608.3U CN202020726608U CN212457890U CN 212457890 U CN212457890 U CN 212457890U CN 202020726608 U CN202020726608 U CN 202020726608U CN 212457890 U CN212457890 U CN 212457890U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a high-purity graphite production technical field, in particular to high-purity graphite production system. A high purity graphite continuous production system comprising: the device comprises a graphitization furnace, a distributor, a cooling kiln, a power supply device, a settling tank, a washing tower and a control device; the graphitizing furnace adopts the power transmission of the positive and negative electrodes to generate electric arc, and directly heats the graphite arranged between the positive and negative electrodes, and the electric power utilization rate can reach more than 90 percent; the high temperature required in the graphite purification process is easily met, the graphite purification quality grade is high, the qualified product rate is almost 100%, and the material mixing phenomenon is avoided. The distributing device is provided with a material loosening device, so that the effect of loosening and flowing assisting of the graphite raw material is good. And after the gas and ash in the graphite heating zone are discharged, cooling and environment-friendly treatment are carried out by a settling tank and a washing tower, and the gas and ash can be discharged after reaching the standard. The cooling kiln has good cooling effect. The utility model discloses stable in quality, energy consumption are low, can effectively discharge volatile composition and environmental protection reliable, can realize the continuous production of high-purity graphite.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high-purity graphite production technical field, in particular to high-purity graphite production system.
Background
Graphite is widely applied to battery negative electrode materials, nuclear graphite in nuclear industry, high-temperature resistant graphite for military industry, stealth materials, anticorrosive materials, conductive materials, metallurgical industry, petrochemical industry and the like, and is an important industrial material.
At present, the devices for producing graphitized powder at home and abroad mainly comprise an Acheson graphitizing furnace, a series graphitizing furnace and an electrode direct heating graphitizing furnace. The graphite production process comprises the following steps: distributing, heating by electrifying, cooling, discharging the product and the like. The production process has the following problems: 1. in the material distribution process, due to factors such as unstable material arch and unstable flow channel, unstable material flow can be caused, and the unsmooth powder flow can further cause the serious consequences such as material arch/channel collapse, caking in a non-flow area, difficult material discharging, even material bin blockage and the like. 2. The Acheson graphitization furnace has low heat efficiency in the process of heating materials, the highest temperature of the graphitization process is difficult to reach, the graphitization process finished product has high power consumption, and the production period is long. The relative electrifying time of the series graphitizing furnaces is short, but the products sometimes have cracks, the series column has expansion phenomenon in the graphitizing process, and the electrode column has contraction phenomenon in the cooling process, thereby affecting the product quality. The electrode directly heats the graphitizing furnace, the heat transfer from outside to inside is easy to generate yield effect, the homogeneity of the product is difficult to ensure, if continuous production is adopted, the product is difficult to be qualified when the center is blanked, and unqualified products are easy to be mixed when the periphery is blanked, so that the product quality is directly influenced. 3. In the heating and electrifying process, the materials can generate ash and volatile gases, and the existence of the gases can cause the oxidation, deterioration and even combustion of the materials under the high-temperature state, so that the ash and the volatile gases need to be effectively collected and treated in time. 4. After graphitization, the temperature of graphite reaches 2500 ℃, and the graphite needs to be cooled. At present, the graphite produced after the graphitization is cooled by adopting a method of naturally cooling a deeply buried heat insulating material, and the cooling efficiency is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the continuous production system of the high-purity graphite is provided, and the continuous production of the high-purity graphite is realized.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a high purity graphite continuous production system comprising: the device comprises a graphitization furnace, a distributor for supplying materials to the graphitization furnace, a cooling kiln for cooling high-purity graphite produced by the graphitization furnace, a power supply device for supplying power to the graphitization furnace, a settling tank and a washing tower for treating gas and ash discharged by the graphitization furnace in the production process, and a control device.
The graphitizing furnace heats the graphite raw material by adopting a direct heating mode of transmitting electricity by a positive electrode and a negative electrode. A columnar solid anode is arranged in the graphitization furnace, a hollow cathode is arranged around the anode, and a graphite heating zone is arranged between the anode and the cathode; the anode is connected with the power supply device through the anode copper bar, and the cathode is connected with the power supply device through the cathode copper bar. The graphite heating zone is divided into from top to bottom according to the heating temperature difference: a preheating zone, an electrical heating zone, and a homogenizing zone; wherein: the preheating zone heats the raw material by utilizing the heat quantity raised by the electric heating zone part; the electric heating zone is heated by electrodes, and the graphitization process of the graphite to be purified is mainly carried out and completed in the zone; the homogeneous zone maintains the uniformity of the graphite temperature of the electric heating zone in space and the continuity of the graphite temperature in time, and is used for ensuring the consistency of parameter indexes such as graphite purity after graphitization. The preheating zone, the electric heating zone and the homogenizing zone are all provided with temperature measuring devices. The graphitizing furnace is provided with a furnace gas collecting pipe and a volatile component collecting pipe which are communicated with the graphite heating zone and the outside; the hearth gas collecting pipe is used for collecting and discharging gas brought in the material distribution process of the graphitization furnace and inert gas which is filled in the graphitization furnace and has a protective effect on the surface of the material; the volatile component collecting pipe is used for collecting and discharging ash and volatile gas generated in the heating process of the graphite raw material. The bottom of the graphitizing furnace is provided with a discharge valve.
The distributing device is arranged at the top of the graphitization furnace, and the mounting position of the distributing device and the graphitization furnace form sealing; the discharge hole of the distributing device is over against the graphite heating zone; a material loosening device is arranged in the distributing device; the material loosening device achieves the purpose of flow aiding by vibrating to destroy the stress balance among graphite raw material powder.
The cooling kiln is obliquely arranged, the higher end of the cooling kiln is hermetically connected with the discharge valve through a feed pipe, and the lower end of the cooling kiln is hermetically connected with the discharge part; the cooling kiln cools the graphite in the cooling kiln in a rotating mode.
The power supply device is in signal connection with the control device, and the control device regulates the output current of the power supply device according to the temperature feedback of the temperature measuring device in the graphite heating zone; the power supply device provides a direct current power supply with adjustable power supply size for the anode and the cathode, and the temperature rise speed of the electric heating area is determined by calculation according to the current density of the materials at different temperatures. The temperature rise speed is fast when the current density is high, and the temperature rise speed is slow when the current density is low. When the current density is adjusted, the heating delay phenomenon caused by the heat transfer and mass transfer process of heat in the material needs to be considered.
The control device is in signal connection with the distributing device and adjusts the discharging speed of the distributing device and the frequency of the material loosening device.
The control device is in signal connection with the cooling kiln to adjust the rotating speed of the cooling kiln.
The hearth gas collecting pipe and the volatile component collecting pipe are connected into the settling tank through pipelines; the settling tank is communicated with the washing tower through a pipeline provided with a vortex air pump; a condenser is arranged in the settling tank, and gas discharged by the graphitization furnace is condensed and then enters the washing tower under the guidance of the vortex air pump; the ash discharged from the graphitizing furnace is condensed and then settled at the bottom of the settling tank.
The working process of the system is as follows:
firstly, replacing air in a furnace cavity of the graphitization furnace by using inert gas, and then electrifying the cathode and the anode to raise the temperature of an electric heating area to be 1500-3500 ℃; the preheating zone is heated by the heat rising from the electric heating zone, and the temperature ranges from 200 ℃ to 1500 ℃; when the electric heating zone meets the working temperature, the distributor starts to distribute the material into the furnace, the petroleum coke raw material is heated to more than or equal to 3000 ℃ in a step-type manner in sequence under the condition of air isolation in the graphitization furnace, and thus, impurities (Al) contained in the petroleum coke are2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2MgO, CaO, etc.) are sequentially decomposed and removed to be purified, and finally, the graphitization degree is up to 99.9% to 99.99% or more by temperature control. The heating speed of the electric heating zone is determined by calculating the current density of the materials at different temperatures. The temperature rise speed is fast when the current density is high, and the temperature rise speed is slow when the current density is low. When the heating temperature of the electric heating zone reaches the design temperature, the discharge valve starts to discharge outwards; when the temperature of the electric heating area is lower than the design temperature, the discharge valve stops discharging.
Gas and ash content that graphite raw materials produced in the heating process in the graphitization stove outwards discharge to the settling cask through furnace gas collecting pipe and volatile component collecting pipe respectively, condense in the settling cask, and after the condensation, the gas that graphitization stove discharged gets into the scrubbing tower under the guide of vortex air pump, and the ash content that graphitization stove discharged subsides in settling cask bottom.
High-temperature graphite enters the cooling kiln through the feeding pipe, the area in contact with the inside of the cooling kiln is a hot area, and the non-contact area is a cold area. The integral heat transfer speed of the high-temperature graphite is determined by calculating heat transfer mechanisms such as heat conduction and radiation of high-temperature materials in the cooling kiln and distribution of a heat flow field, and the rotating speed of the cooling kiln is calculated and set according to the integral heat transfer speed of the high-temperature graphite. When the high-temperature graphite heat transfer cooling kiln hot zone cylinder body is heated to a set temperature, the cooling kiln rotates, the high-temperature graphite in the cooling kiln rotates from the original hot zone to the original cold zone, the original hot zone cylinder body is cooled, and then the cooling kiln is started again to rotate the high-temperature graphite in the cooling kiln back to the original hot zone. Repeating the steps, and continuously alternating the hot area and the cold area until the high-temperature graphite is cooled. And the high-temperature graphite is discharged outwards through the discharging part after being cooled to finish production.
On the basis of the above-described aspect, specifically, the graphitization furnace includes: a furnace body; the outer wall of the furnace body is provided with a cooling water jacket; the anode is inserted from the upper part of the furnace body and is positioned at the center of the furnace body; the cathode is annularly arranged around the anode by taking the anode as a circle center; a furnace end brick body is arranged between the cathode and the top of the furnace body; the hearth gas collecting pipe is arranged at the furnace end brick body and used for leading out gas in the graphite heating area; the cathode of the preheating zone is provided with a through hole, the volatile component collecting pipe is arranged at the furnace body, and ash and gas generated in the heating process of the graphite heating zone are discharged outwards through the through hole.
The heat preservation and insulation measures are important links for keeping the temperature in the furnace and completing the graphitization process, so that the inner wall of the furnace body is provided with a heat preservation lining wall, and a heat preservation and insulation material is arranged between the heat preservation lining wall and the cathode. Furthermore, the heat insulation material filled between the cathode outside the electric heating zone and the heat insulation lining wall is calcined petroleum coke. The calcined petroleum coke can protect the cathode while insulating heat.
The temperature measuring devices arranged in the preheating zone, the electric heating zone and the homogenizing zone are respectively a first thermocouple, a first infrared temperature measuring device and a second infrared temperature measuring device which are arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body; the detection end of the first thermocouple is positioned in the preheating zone; the detection end of the first infrared temperature measuring device is positioned in the electric heating area; the detection end of the second infrared temperature measuring device is positioned in the homogenizing zone. The first thermocouple, the first infrared temperature measuring device and the second infrared temperature measuring device are in signal connection with the control device, and the control device adopts PID control to adjust the output current of the power supply device, so that the temperature in the graphite heating area is adjusted.
On the basis of the above scheme, specifically, the distributing device includes: the device comprises a storage tank and a conveying pipe arranged at the bottom of the storage tank; the material loosening device comprises: a powder oscillator and a powder wall breaking device; the powder oscillator is arranged on the inner wall of the storage tank and is used for loosening the materials in the storage tank; the powder wall breaking device is arranged on the inner wall of the conveying pipe and is used for loosening the materials in the conveying pipe; a metering valve is arranged in the delivery pipe. The powder oscillator and the powder wall breaking device generate micro-motion to directly loosen the graphite raw material, so that the loosening of the tank body caused by beating the charging tank is avoided.
Furthermore, the powder oscillators are used in pairs and symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the storage tank; the powder oscillator generates up-and-down vibration relative to the inner wall of the storage tank, and the movement directions of the powder oscillators on the opposite sides are opposite.
The powder wall breaking devices are also used in pairs and symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the conveying pipe; the powder wall breaking device rotates relative to the inner wall of the conveying pipe, and the movement directions of the powder wall breaking devices on the opposite sides are opposite.
On the basis of the scheme, the cooling kiln is specifically divided into: an ultrahigh-temperature cooling section and a high-temperature cooling section; the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section is positioned at the higher end; according to calculation and simulation, the inclination angle of the cooling kiln and the length proportion of the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section and the high-temperature cooling section are designed, and when the axial running speed of the high-temperature graphite in the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section is 1.5-2 times of the axial running speed of the high-temperature graphite in the high-temperature cooling section, the cooling effect is optimal. A first water cooling device is arranged outside the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section, and a second water cooling device is arranged outside the high-temperature cooling section; when the cooling kiln rotates, the first water cooling device and the second water cooling device spray the outer wall of the cooling kiln to reduce the temperature, so that the temperature is reduced. And a rotary gear is arranged on the cooling kiln and is used for being matched with an external transmission device to drive the cooling kiln to rotate.
On the basis of the scheme, a circulating water cooling jacket is further arranged outside the feeding pipe; the circulating water cooling jacket is used for primarily absorbing the heat of the high-temperature graphite before the high-temperature graphite enters the cooling kiln. And a temperature thermocouple is arranged in the discharging part, the temperature thermocouple is in signal connection with a control device, and the control device adjusts the rotating speed of the cooling kiln according to the temperature feedback of the temperature thermocouple.
On the basis of the scheme, further, graphite raw materials are stored in the raw material bin, and the raw material bin conveys the graphite raw materials to the distributing device through the intermediate bin and the upper bin.
Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses stable in quality, energy consumption are low, can effectively discharge volatile composition and environmental protection reliable, can realize the continuous production of high-purity graphite. The utility model adopts the power transmission of the cathode and the anode to generate electric arc, and directly heats the graphite between the cathode and the anode, and the electric power utilization rate can reach more than 90 percent; the high temperature required in the graphite purification process is easily met, the graphite purification quality grade is high, the qualified product rate is almost 100%, and the material mixing phenomenon is avoided. The utility model provides a distributing device is equipped with the material and loosens the device, directly loosens to the graphite raw materials and helps class effectually. The utility model provides a graphitizing furnace is equipped with furnace gas collecting pipe and volatile component collecting pipe, has guaranteed that gas and ash content in the graphite zone of heating escape and collect fast in time effectively, cools off and environmental protection is handled through settling cask, scrubbing tower after gas and ash content discharge, can discharge after up to standard. The cooling kiln of the utility model has the advantages of rapidness and good cooling effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a graphitization furnace of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the material distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cooling kiln of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-graphitization furnace, 1.1-anode, 1.2-cathode, 1.3-anode copper bar, 1.4-cathode copper bar, 1.5-hearth gas collecting pipe, 1.6-volatile component collecting pipe, 1.7-discharge valve, 1.8-furnace body, 1.9-cooling water jacket, 1.10-furnace end brick body, 1.11-through hole, 1.12-heat insulation lining wall, 1.13-heat insulation material, 1.14-first thermocouple, 1.15-first infrared temperature measuring device, 1.16-second infrared temperature measuring device, 2-distributor, 2.1-storage tank, 2.2-conveying pipe, 2.3-powder oscillator, 2.4-powder wall breaking device, 2.5-metering valve, 3-cooling kiln, 3.1-first water cooling device, 3.2-second water cooling device, 3.3-rotary gear, 4-power supply device, 5-a settling tank, 6-a washing tower, 7-a control device, 8-a feeding pipe, 9-a discharging part, 10-a condenser, 11-a vortex air pump, 12-a raw material bin, 13-an intermediate bin and 14-an upper bin.
Detailed Description
Example 1, referring to fig. 1, a high purity graphite continuous production system comprising: the device comprises a graphitization furnace 1, a distributor 2 for supplying materials to the graphitization furnace 1, a cooling kiln 3 for cooling high-purity graphite produced by the graphitization furnace 1, a power supply device 4 for supplying power to the graphitization furnace 1, a settling tank 5 and a washing tower 6 for treating gas and ash discharged by the graphitization furnace 1 in the production process, and a control device 7.
Graphite raw materials are stored in a raw material bin 12, and the raw material bin 12 conveys the graphite raw materials to a distributor 2 through an intermediate bin 13 and an upper bin 14.
The distributing device 2 is arranged at the top of the graphitization furnace 1, and the installation position is sealed with the graphitization furnace 1; the discharge hole of the distributing device 2 is over against the graphite heating zone; a material loosening device is arranged in the distributing device 2; the material loosening device achieves the purpose of flow aiding by vibrating to destroy the stress balance among graphite raw material powder.
The graphitization furnace 1 heats the graphite raw material by adopting a mode of direct heating by power transmission of a positive electrode and a negative electrode. A columnar solid anode 1.1 is arranged in the graphitization furnace 1, a hollow cathode 1.2 is arranged around the anode 1.1, and a graphite heating zone is arranged between the anode 1.1 and the cathode 1.2; the anode 1.1 is connected with the power supply device 4 through the anode copper bar 1.3, and the cathode 1.2 is connected with the power supply device 4 through the cathode copper bar 1.4. The graphite heating zone is divided into from top to bottom according to the heating temperature difference: a preheating zone, an electrical heating zone, and a homogenizing zone; wherein: the preheating zone heats the raw material by utilizing the heat quantity raised by the electric heating zone part; the electric heating zone is heated by electrodes, and the graphitization process of the graphite to be purified is mainly carried out and completed in the zone; the homogeneous zone maintains the uniformity of the graphite temperature of the electric heating zone in space and the continuity of the graphite temperature in time, and is used for ensuring the consistency of parameter indexes such as graphite purity after graphitization. The preheating zone, the electric heating zone and the homogenizing zone are all provided with temperature measuring devices. The graphitization furnace 1 is provided with a furnace gas collecting pipe 1.5 and a volatile component collecting pipe 1.6 which are communicated with a graphite heating zone and the outside; the hearth gas collecting pipe 1.5 is used for collecting and discharging gas brought in the material distribution process of the graphitization furnace and inert gas which is filled in the graphitization furnace and has a protective effect on the surface of the material; the volatile component collecting pipe 1.6 is used for collecting and discharging ash and volatile gas generated in the heating process of the graphite raw material. The bottom of the graphitizing furnace 1 is provided with a discharge valve 1.7.
The cooling kiln 3 is obliquely arranged, the higher end of the cooling kiln 3 is hermetically connected with the discharge valve 1.7 through a feed pipe 8, and the lower end of the cooling kiln 3 is hermetically connected with the discharge part 9; the cooling kiln 3 cools the graphite in the cooling kiln in a rotating mode.
The power supply device 4 is in signal connection with the control device 7, and the control device 7 regulates the output current of the power supply device 4 according to the temperature feedback of the temperature measuring device in the graphite heating zone; the power supply device 4 provides a direct current power supply with adjustable power supply size for the anode 1.1 and the cathode 1.2, and the temperature rise speed of the electric heating area is determined by calculation according to the current density of the materials at different temperatures. The temperature rise speed is fast when the current density is high, and the temperature rise speed is slow when the current density is low. When the current density is adjusted, the heating delay phenomenon caused by the heat transfer and mass transfer process of heat in the material needs to be considered.
The control device 7 is in signal connection with the distributing device 2 and adjusts the discharging speed of the distributing device 2 and the frequency of the material loosening device.
The control device 7 establishes signal connection with the cooling kiln 3 to adjust the rotation speed of the cooling kiln 3.
The hearth gas collecting pipe 1.5 and the volatile component collecting pipe 1.6 are connected into the settling tank 5 through pipelines; the settling tank 5 is communicated with the washing tower 6 through a pipeline provided with a vortex air pump 11; a condenser 10 is arranged in the settling tank 5, and gas discharged by the graphitization furnace 1 is condensed and then enters the washing tower 6 under the guidance of a vortex air pump 11; the ash discharged from the graphitization furnace 1 is condensed and then settled at the bottom of the settling tank 5.
The working process of the system is as follows:
firstly, replacing air in a furnace cavity of a graphitization furnace 1 by using inert gas, and then electrifying a cathode and an anode to raise the temperature of an electric heating area to be 1500-3500 ℃; the preheating zone being partly raised by means of the electric heating zoneThe heat is used for heating, and the temperature range is 200-1500 ℃; when the electric heating zone meets the working temperature, the distributor 2 starts to distribute the material into the furnace, the petroleum coke raw material is heated to more than or equal to 3000 ℃ in a step-type manner in sequence under the condition of air isolation in the graphitization furnace, so that the impurity Al contained in the petroleum coke is Al2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2MgO, CaO and the like are sequentially decomposed and removed to be purified, and finally the graphitization degree reaches 99.9% -99.99% or more by temperature control. The heating speed of the electric heating zone is determined by calculating the current density of the materials at different temperatures. The temperature rise speed is fast when the current density is high, and the temperature rise speed is slow when the current density is low. When the heating temperature of the electric heating zone reaches the design temperature, the discharge valve 1.7 starts to discharge materials outwards; when the temperature of the electric heating area is lower than the design temperature, the discharge valve 1.7 stops discharging.
Produced gas, ash content of gaseous and graphite raw materials in graphitizing furnace 1 in the heating process outwards discharge to settling cask 5 through furnace gas collecting pipe 1.5 and volatile component collecting pipe 1.6 respectively, condense in settling cask 5, after the condensation, the gas that graphitizing furnace 1 discharged gets into scrubbing tower 6 under the guide of vortex air pump 11, and the ash content that graphitizing furnace 1 discharged subsides in settling cask 5 bottom.
The high-temperature graphite enters the cooling kiln 3 through the feeding pipe 8, the area in contact with the inside of the cooling kiln 3 is a hot area, and the non-contact area is a cold area. The integral heat transfer speed of the high-temperature graphite is determined by calculating heat transfer mechanisms such as heat conduction and radiation of high-temperature materials in the cooling kiln 3 and the distribution of a heat flow field, and the rotating speed of the cooling kiln is calculated and set according to the integral heat transfer speed of the high-temperature graphite. When the high-temperature graphite heat transfer cooling kiln hot zone cylinder body is heated to the set temperature, the cooling kiln 3 rotates, the high-temperature graphite in the cooling kiln 3 rotates from the original hot zone to the original cold zone, the original hot zone cylinder body is cooled, and then the cooling kiln 3 is started again to rotate the high-temperature graphite in the cooling kiln back to the original hot zone. Repeating the steps, and continuously alternating the hot area and the cold area until the high-temperature graphite is cooled. The high-temperature graphite is discharged outside through the discharging part 9 after being cooled, and the production is finished.
Example 2, on the basis of example 1, the structure of the graphitization furnace 1 is specifically defined:
referring to fig. 2, the graphitization furnace 1 includes: a furnace body 1.8; the outer wall of the furnace body 1.8 is provided with a cooling water jacket 1.9; the anode 1.1 is inserted from the upper part of the furnace body 1.8 and is positioned at the center of the furnace body 1.8; the cathode 1.2 is annularly arranged around the anode 1.1 by taking the anode 1.1 as a circle center; a furnace end brick body 1.10 is arranged between the cathode 1.2 and the top of the furnace body 1.8; the hearth gas collecting pipe 1.5 is arranged at the position of the furnace end brick body 1.10 and is used for leading out gas in the graphite heating area; the cathode 1.2 of the preheating zone is provided with a through hole 1.11, the volatile component collecting pipe 1.6 is arranged at the furnace body 1.8, and ash and gas generated in the heating process of the graphite heating zone are discharged outwards through the through hole 1.11.
The inner wall of the furnace body 1.8 is provided with a heat insulation lining wall 1.12, and a heat insulation material 1.13 is arranged between the heat insulation lining wall 1.12 and the cathode 1.2. Furthermore, the heat insulation material 1.13 filled between the cathode 1.2 outside the electric heating zone and the heat insulation lining wall 1.12 is calcined petroleum coke. The calcined petroleum coke can also protect the cathode 1.2 while performing heat insulation and preservation.
The temperature measuring devices arranged in the preheating zone, the electric heating zone and the homogenizing zone are respectively a first thermocouple 1.14, a first infrared temperature measuring device 1.15 and a second infrared temperature measuring device 1.16 which are arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body 1.8; the detection end of the first thermocouple 1.14 is positioned in the preheating zone; the detection end of the first infrared temperature measuring device 1.15 is positioned in the electric heating area; the detection end of the second infrared temperature measuring device 1.16 is positioned in the homogeneous region. The first infrared temperature measuring device 1.15 and the second infrared temperature measuring device 1.16 are identical in structure, temperature measuring graphite heads are arranged in temperature measuring areas, the temperature measuring graphite heads can show different colors along with temperature changes in the temperature measuring areas, and the light is transmitted to an infrared thermometer through a temperature measuring graphite pipe and an insulating gasket, so that accurate temperature is obtained. The first thermocouple 1.14, the first infrared temperature measuring device 1.15 and the second infrared temperature measuring device 1.16 are in signal connection with the control device 7, and the control device 7 adopts PID control to adjust the output current of the power supply device 4, so that the temperature in the graphite heating zone is adjusted.
referring to fig. 3, the distributor 2 includes: a material storage tank 2.1 and a conveying pipe 2.2 arranged at the bottom of the material storage tank 2.1; the material loosening device comprises: a powder oscillator 2.3 and a powder wall breaking device 2.4; the powder oscillator 2.3 is arranged on the inner wall of the storage tank 2.1 and is used for loosening the materials in the storage tank 2.1; the powder wall breaking device 2.4 is arranged on the inner wall of the conveying pipe 2.2 and is used for loosening the material in the conveying pipe 2.2; a metering valve 2.5 is arranged in the conveying pipe 2.2, and the metering valve 2.5 meters the graphite raw material in the process of distributing the material to the graphite heating area. The powder oscillator 2.3 and the powder wall breaking device 2.4 generate micro-motion to directly loosen the graphite raw material, so that the tank body looseness caused by beating the charging tank is avoided.
The powder oscillators 2.3 are used in pairs, the number of the powder oscillators is 2-4, and the powder oscillators are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the storage tank 2.1; the powder oscillator 2.3 generates up-and-down vibration relative to the inner wall of the storage tank 2.1, and the movement direction of the powder oscillator 2.3 at the opposite side is opposite.
The powder wall breaking devices 2.4 are also used in pairs, the number of the powder wall breaking devices is 2-4, and the powder wall breaking devices are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the conveying pipe 2.2; the powder wall breaking device 2.4 generates rotary motion relative to the inner wall of the conveying pipe 2.2, and the motion direction of the powder wall breaking device 2.4 at the opposite side is opposite.
Example 4, on the basis of example 1, 2 or 3, the structure of the cooling kiln 3 is specifically defined:
referring to fig. 4, the cooling kiln 3 is divided into: an ultrahigh-temperature cooling section and a high-temperature cooling section; the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section is positioned at the higher end; according to calculation and simulation, the inclination angle of the cooling kiln 3 and the length proportion of the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section and the high-temperature cooling section are designed, and when the axial running speed of the high-temperature graphite in the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section is 1.5-2 times of the axial running speed of the high-temperature graphite in the high-temperature cooling section, the cooling effect is optimal. A first water cooling device 3.1 is arranged outside the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section, and a second water cooling device 3.2 is arranged outside the high-temperature cooling section; when the cooling kiln 3 is rotated, the first water cooling device 3.1 and the second water cooling device 3.2 spray and cool the outer wall of the cooling kiln 3, so that the temperature is reduced.
The first water cooling device 3.1 is identical to the second water cooling device 3.2 in structure and comprises: the spraying assembly, the cooling water tank and the water storage tank are arranged; the storage water tank is used for providing the coolant liquid, and spray assembly is used for spraying the cooling to the cooling zone, and the coolant liquid after spraying is retrieved to the storage water tank through cooling trough.
The cooling kiln 3 is provided with a rotary gear 3.3, and the rotary gear 3.3 is used for being matched with an external transmission device to drive the cooling kiln 3 to rotate.
Furthermore, a circulating water cooling jacket is arranged outside the feeding pipe 8; the circulating water jacket is used for primarily absorbing the heat of the high-temperature graphite before the high-temperature graphite enters the cooling kiln 3. A temperature thermocouple is arranged in the discharging part 9, the temperature thermocouple is in signal connection with the control device 7, and the control device 7 adjusts the rotating speed of the cooling kiln 3 according to the temperature feedback of the temperature thermocouple.
The 2500 ℃ high-temperature graphite material enters the cooling kiln 3 through the feeding pipe 8 at the speed of 150kg/h, and the circulating water cooling jacket outside the feeding pipe 8 preliminarily cools the high-temperature graphite material. Then the high-temperature material enters the cooling kiln 3 and is continuously turned in the cooling kiln 3, the axial running speed of the high-temperature graphite material in the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section is 1.5-2 times of that of the high-temperature cooling section, and meanwhile, the heat of the high-temperature material is also absorbed by the first water cooling device 3.1 and the second water cooling device 3.2 outside the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section and the high-temperature cooling section. After 15 minutes, the temperature of the high-temperature material is reduced to 50 ℃ to meet the discharging requirement.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A high-purity graphite continuous production system is characterized in that: it includes: the device comprises a graphitization furnace (1), a distributor (2) for feeding the graphitization furnace (1), a cooling kiln (3) for cooling high-purity graphite produced by the graphitization furnace (1), a power supply device (4) for supplying power to the graphitization furnace (1), a settling tank (5) and a washing tower (6) for treating gas and ash discharged by the graphitization furnace (1) in the production process, and a control device (7);
a columnar solid anode (1.1) is arranged in the graphitization furnace (1), a hollow cathode (1.2) is arranged around the anode (1.1), and a graphite heating zone is arranged between the anode (1.1) and the cathode (1.2); the anode (1.1) is connected with the power supply device (4) through an anode copper bar (1.3), and the cathode (1.2) is connected with the power supply device (4) through a cathode copper bar (1.4); the graphite heating zone is divided into from top to bottom according to the heating temperature difference: a preheating zone, an electrical heating zone, and a homogenizing zone; the preheating zone, the electric heating zone and the homogenizing zone are provided with temperature measuring devices; the graphitization furnace (1) is provided with a hearth gas collecting pipe (1.5) and a volatile component collecting pipe (1.6) which are communicated with the graphite heating zone and the outside; a discharge valve (1.7) is arranged at the bottom of the graphitization furnace (1);
the distributing device (2) is arranged at the top of the graphitizing furnace (1), and the mounting position of the distributing device and the graphitizing furnace (1) form sealing; the discharge hole of the distributing device (2) is over against the graphite heating zone; a material loosening device is arranged in the distributing device (2);
the cooling kiln (3) is obliquely arranged, the higher end of the cooling kiln (3) is hermetically connected with the discharge valve (1.7) through a feed pipe (8), and the lower end of the cooling kiln (3) is hermetically connected with a discharge part (9); the cooling kiln (3) cools the graphite in the cooling kiln in a rotating mode;
the power supply device (4) is in signal connection with the control device (7), and the control device (7) regulates the output current of the power supply device (4) according to the temperature feedback of the temperature measuring device in the graphite heating zone;
the control device (7) is in signal connection with the distributing device (2) and is used for adjusting the discharging speed of the distributing device (2) and the frequency of the material loosening device;
the control device (7) is in signal connection with the cooling kiln (3) and is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cooling kiln (3);
the hearth gas collecting pipe (1.5) and the volatile component collecting pipe (1.6) are connected into the settling tank (5) through pipelines; the settling tank (5) is communicated with the washing tower (6) through a pipeline provided with a vortex air pump (11); be equipped with condenser (10) in settling cask (5), the gas that graphitizing furnace (1) discharged is in after the condensation the guide of vortex air pump (11) is gone into scrubbing tower (6), the ash content that graphitizing furnace (1) discharged subsides in after the condensation settling cask (5) bottom.
2. A continuous production system for high purity graphite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the graphitization furnace (1) includes: a furnace body (1.8); the outer wall of the furnace body (1.8) is provided with a cooling water jacket (1.9); the anode (1.1) is inserted from the upper part of the furnace body (1.8) and is positioned at the center of the furnace body (1.8); the cathode (1.2) is annularly arranged around the anode (1.1) by taking the anode (1.1) as a circle center; a furnace end brick body (1.10) is arranged between the cathode (1.2) and the top of the furnace body (1.8); the hearth gas collecting pipe (1.5) is arranged at the furnace end brick body (1.10) and is used for leading out gas in the graphite heating area; a through hole (1.11) is arranged at the cathode (1.2) of the preheating zone, the volatile component collecting pipe (1.6) is arranged at the furnace body (1.8), and ash and gas generated in the heating process of the graphite heating zone are discharged outwards through the through hole (1.11).
3. A continuous production system for high purity graphite as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the furnace body (1.8) inner wall is equipped with thermal-insulated back wall (1.12), is equipped with thermal-insulated insulation material (1.13) between thermal-insulated back wall (1.12) and negative pole (1.2).
4. A continuous production system for high purity graphite as claimed in any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein: the temperature measuring devices are respectively a first thermocouple (1.14), a first infrared temperature measuring device (1.15) and a second infrared temperature measuring device (1.16) which are arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body (1.8); the detection end of the first thermocouple (1.14) is positioned in the preheating zone; the detection end of the first infrared temperature measuring device (1.15) is positioned in the electric heating area; the detection end of the second infrared temperature measuring device (1.16) is positioned in the homogeneous area.
5. A continuous production system for high purity graphite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distributor (2) comprises: a material storage tank (2.1) and a conveying pipe (2.2) arranged at the bottom of the material storage tank (2.1); the material loosening device comprises: a powder oscillator (2.3) and a powder wall breaking device (2.4); the powder oscillator (2.3) is arranged on the inner wall of the storage tank (2.1) and is used for loosening the materials in the storage tank (2.1); the powder wall breaking device (2.4) is arranged on the inner wall of the conveying pipe (2.2) and is used for loosening the material of the conveying pipe (2.2); a metering valve (2.5) is arranged in the delivery pipe (2.2).
6. The continuous production system of high purity graphite according to claim 5, wherein: the powder oscillators (2.3) are used in pairs and symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the storage tank (2.1); the powder oscillator (2.3) vibrates up and down relative to the inner wall of the storage tank (2.1), and the movement directions of the powder oscillator (2.3) on the opposite side are opposite.
7. The continuous production system of high purity graphite according to claim 5, wherein: the powder wall breaking devices (2.4) are used in pairs and symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the conveying pipe (2.2); the powder wall breaking device (2.4) rotates relative to the inner wall of the conveying pipe (2.2), and the movement directions of the powder wall breaking devices (2.4) on the opposite sides are opposite.
8. A continuous production system for high purity graphite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cooling kiln (3) is divided into: an ultrahigh-temperature cooling section and a high-temperature cooling section; the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section is positioned at the higher end; a first water cooling device (3.1) is arranged outside the ultrahigh-temperature cooling section, and a second water cooling device (3.2) is arranged outside the high-temperature cooling section; be equipped with slewing gear (3.3) on cooling kiln (3), slewing gear (3.3) are used for cooperating with outside transmission, drive cooling kiln (3) are rotatory.
9. A continuous production system for high purity graphite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a circulating water cooling jacket is arranged outside the feeding pipe (8); a temperature thermocouple is arranged in the discharging part (9).
10. A continuous production system for high purity graphite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: graphite raw materials are stored in a raw material bin (12), and the raw material bin (12) conveys the graphite raw materials to the distributing device (2) through an intermediate bin (13) and an upper bin (14).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113264523A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏润美新材料有限公司 | Hollow continuous high-temperature graphitizing furnace |
| CN114608308A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-06-10 | 四川金汇能新材料股份有限公司 | Graphitizing furnace |
-
2020
- 2020-05-07 CN CN202020726608.3U patent/CN212457890U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113264523A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏润美新材料有限公司 | Hollow continuous high-temperature graphitizing furnace |
| CN114608308A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-06-10 | 四川金汇能新材料股份有限公司 | Graphitizing furnace |
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Effective date of registration: 20221207 Address after: 114225 Tengao Zhen Lao Qiang Cun, Haicheng City, Anshan City, Liaoning Province Patentee after: Anshan Mingze mechanical equipment Co.,Ltd. Address before: 114225 No.8, Dongxin village, Tengao Town, Haicheng City, Anshan City, Liaoning Province Patentee before: Liaoning Jintian Energy Storage Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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