CN212455497U - Spring absorption vibration type rigidity-adjustable hole type damping seal - Google Patents
Spring absorption vibration type rigidity-adjustable hole type damping seal Download PDFInfo
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- CN212455497U CN212455497U CN202021968540.6U CN202021968540U CN212455497U CN 212455497 U CN212455497 U CN 212455497U CN 202021968540 U CN202021968540 U CN 202021968540U CN 212455497 U CN212455497 U CN 212455497U
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Abstract
A spring absorption vibration type rigidity-adjustable hole type damping seal comprises a sealing lining and a sealing shell which are sleeved from inside to outside, wherein a plurality of bolt-spring rigidity adjusting structures are arranged between the sealing lining and the sealing shell; bolt holes are uniformly distributed in the wall surface of the sealing shell, regular damping holes are uniformly distributed in the inner wall surface of the sealing lining, and cylindrical pins which correspond to the bolt holes one by one are arranged on the outer wall surface of the sealing lining; the bolt-spring stiffness adjusting structure comprises a bolt and a spring, the bolt is installed in a bolt hole of the sealing shell, and the tail end of the bolt does not extend out of the sealing shell; the tail end of the spring is sleeved on the cylindrical pin of the sealing lining, and the head end of the spring extends into the bolt hole to be abutted against the tail end of the bolt. The utility model discloses have better dynamic response ability, shock vibration ability and longer life etc..
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a rotatory turbo machine seals technical field, especially relates to a spring absorbs adjustable rigidity pass damping seal of vibrations formula.
Background
The labyrinth seal is also called comb seal, belonging to a non-contact cylindrical surface seal. The sealing device is mainly used for sealing gas media or steam, and is widely applied to interstage seals, rotating shaft end seals and blade top seals in machines such as steam turbines, gas turbines, centrifugal compressors, blowers and the like, or other front seals of dynamic seals. The labyrinth sealing structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the leakage amount is in direct proportion to the size of the throttling gap. At present, the rotary machine is developed towards the direction of high working condition parameters, and then the rotary machine is interfered by various factors in the running process to generate a phenomenon of large vibration. Therefore, the sealing teeth of the labyrinth seal are more prone to abrasion and lodging, and great hidden danger is brought to safe operation of the unit.
For example, during the process of starting and stopping rotation, when the rotating machine passes through the critical rotating speed, the rotating shaft is severely deflected, the vibration of the unit is sharply increased, so that the labyrinth seal or the honeycomb seal and the rotating shaft are rubbed or even collided, the throttling tooth gap is enlarged, and even the labyrinth seal may lose the sealing effect due to the excessive abrasion of the labyrinth seal teeth. In addition, the traditional honeycomb seal is made of nickel-based alloy, when the rotating shaft with a small gap vibrates excessively, sparks are generated when the seal main body collides with the rotating shaft, and the safety of a unit, particularly a unit for transporting flammable and explosive toxic media, is affected. Currently, aluminum bore-type damping seals are widely investigated as a good alternative to steel honeycomb seals. Because the aluminum alloy material of the hole-type damping seal is softer, although the aluminum alloy material is not easy to generate sparks when in collision and abrasion with the rotating shaft, the aluminum alloy material is easier to generate abrasion, and then the sealing component loses the sealing property. In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of the above problems, the conventional method is to enlarge the safety margin of the sealing gap in the design stage of the honeycomb seal; for a large steam turbine, the leakage amount of a unit is increased by 20% and the interstage efficiency is reduced by 1% every time the sealing clearance is increased by 1mm, so that the energy of the equipment in the operation process is greatly wasted, the energy-saving emission-reducing method is inconsistent with the energy-saving emission-reducing basic national policy called by the state at present, and meanwhile, the production benefit of an enterprise is low.
In order to solve the problems, related scholars propose a cylindrical surface sealing concept of self-adaptive adjustable sealing structure rigidity damping according to different deflection vibration degrees of a rotating shaft, and mainly adopt a corrugated foil, an air bag, a spring and the like as elastic elements to adjust and control the rigidity damping of the sealing structure. For example, when a spring is used as the elastic element, not only a plurality of springs are required to form a spring assembly to control the gap, but also the deformation of the spring assembly is not uniform with the increase of the service time, which results in the gap between the seal assembly and the rotating shaft being inclined or deflected as in patent CN 107559199 a. Secondly, because the deflection direction and the frequency of the rotating shaft are different in the change rule of the whole operation period of the unit, the rigidity and the damping of the required sealing device are adjusted according to different working conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the utility model provides a spring absorption vibrations formula adjustable rigidity pass damping seal that dynamic characteristic is good, the self-adaptability is strong.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: a spring absorption vibration type rigidity-adjustable hole type damping seal comprises a sealing lining and a sealing shell which are sleeved from inside to outside, wherein a plurality of bolt-spring rigidity adjusting structures are arranged between the sealing lining and the sealing shell; the sealing lining and the sealing shell are cylindrical barrels, the axial lines of the sealing lining and the sealing shell are on the same straight line, one side close to the axial line is the inner side, and the other side is the outer side;
bolt holes are uniformly distributed in the wall surface of the sealing shell, and the bolt holes are countersunk holes penetrating through the sealing shell; regular damping holes are uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface of the sealing lining, the damping holes do not penetrate through the sealing lining, and cylindrical pins which correspond to the bolt holes one by one are arranged on the outer wall surface of the sealing lining;
the bolt-spring stiffness adjusting structure comprises a bolt and a spring, the bolt is installed in a bolt hole of the sealing shell, and the tail end of the bolt does not extend out of the sealing shell; the tail end of the spring is sleeved on the cylindrical pin of the sealing lining, and the head end of the spring extends into the bolt hole to be abutted against the tail end of the bolt; the axes of the cylindrical pin, the spring and the bolt are collinear and are positioned in the radial direction of the sealing liner and the sealing shell.
An opening at one end of the sealed shell extends inwards to form an annular edge, and an annular shell end cover is arranged at the other end of the sealed shell; and two ends of the sealing lining are respectively provided with a circle of positioning steps, and the two positioning steps are respectively matched and positioned with the shell end cover and the edge.
Furthermore, a first annular sealing groove is arranged on the edge of the sealing shell, and a first sealing gasket is placed in the first annular sealing groove; a second annular sealing groove is formed in one side, close to the sealed shell, of the inner wall ring of the shell end cover, and a second sealing gasket is placed in the second annular sealing groove; the shell end cover is connected with the sealed shell through a fastener and compresses the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket.
Further, the number of the bolt-spring stiffness adjusting structures is 2-5 in the axial direction, and 15-25 in the circumferential direction.
Further, the hole pattern of the damping hole is a hexagonal hole, a round hole, a triangular hole or a long-strip-shaped hole.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the structure can adaptively control the rigidity and the damping of the sealing structure of each part according to the change of working conditions, and each screw-spring is independently arranged, so that each part of the sealing structure can be independently controlled to form a sealing structure with the rigidity and the damping which are not uniform along the axial direction and the circumferential direction.
(2) The introduction of a bolt-preloaded spring as a spring element allows for further compression of the bolt to enhance the compensation capability when the individual springs lose their spring-back force due to plastic compression, preventing the seal assembly from producing a skewed or deflected seal gap due to inconsistent degrees of deformation of the spring stack. The novel cylindrical surface seal can be made to have self-adaptive capacity on the working conditions of deflection of a rotating shaft, non-neutralization of transient vibration and the like, so that the excellent sealing effect and stability are kept.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structural view of the seal liner.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural view of the sealed case.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the bolt and spring combination.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structural view of the housing end cap.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a housing end cap; 1-1, end cover threaded holes; 1-2, a second annular seal groove; 2. a bolt; 3. sealing the housing; 3-1, bolt holes; 3-2, sealing the threaded hole of the shell; 3-3, a first annular sealing groove; 4. a spring; 5. sealing the inner liner; 5-1, cylindrical pins; 5-2, positioning a step; 5-3, damping holes; 6. a first sealing gasket; 7. a second sealing gasket.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., appear based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to the attached drawings, the spring absorption vibration type rigidity-adjustable hole type damping seal is characterized in that: the rigidity adjusting device comprises a sealing lining 5 and a sealing shell 3 which are sleeved from inside to outside, wherein 2 to 5 bolt-spring rigidity adjusting structures are arranged between the sealing lining 5 and the sealing shell 3 along the axial direction, and 15 to 25 bolt-spring rigidity adjusting structures are arranged along the circumferential direction; the sealing lining 5 and the sealing shell 3 are cylindrical barrels, the axes of the sealing lining and the sealing shell are on the same straight line, and one side close to the axes is the inner side, otherwise, the outer side;
bolt holes 3-1 are uniformly distributed on the wall surface of the sealing shell 3, and the bolt holes 3-1 are countersunk holes penetrating through the sealing shell 3; regular damping holes 5-3 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface of the sealing liner 5, the hole patterns of the damping holes 5-3 are hexagonal holes, round holes, triangular holes or strip-shaped holes, the damping holes 5-3 do not penetrate through the sealing liner 5, and the outer wall surface of the sealing liner 5 is provided with cylindrical pins 5-1 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the bolt holes 3-1;
the rigidity adjusting structure of the bolt and the spring comprises a bolt 2 and a spring 4, wherein the bolt 2 is installed in a bolt hole 3-1 of the sealing shell 3, and the tail end of the bolt 2 does not extend out of the sealing shell 3; the tail end of the spring 4 is sleeved on a cylindrical pin 5-1 of the sealing lining 5, and the head end of the spring 4 extends into the bolt hole 3-1 to be abutted against the tail end of the bolt 2; the axes of the cylindrical pin 5-1, the spring 4 and the bolt 2 are collinear and are positioned in the radial direction of the sealing liner 5 and the sealing shell 3.
An opening at one end of the sealed shell 3 extends inwards to form an annular edge, and an annular shell end cover 1 is arranged at the other end of the sealed shell 3; two ends of the sealing lining 5 are respectively provided with a circle of positioning steps 5-2, and the two positioning steps 5-2 are respectively matched and positioned with the shell end cover 1 and the edge. A first annular sealing groove 3-3 is arranged on the edge of the sealing shell 3, and a first sealing gasket 6 is arranged in the first annular sealing groove; a second annular sealing groove 1-2 is arranged on one side, close to the sealing shell 3, of the inner wall ring of the shell end cover 1, and a second sealing gasket 7 is placed in the second annular sealing groove 1-2; the assembling surface of the shell end cover 1 for assembling with the sealed shell 3 is circumferentially and uniformly provided with end cover threaded holes 1-1, the sealed shell 3 is provided with sealed shell threaded holes 3-2 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the end cover threaded holes 1-1, and the shell end cover 1 is connected with the sealed shell 3 through bolts and tightly presses the first sealing gasket 6 and the second sealing gasket 7.
The utility model discloses it is sealed that collection dress formula cylinder is essential, can externally accomplish after the equipment, push axle head sealing position along turbo set pivot or axle sleeve, later fix the stator part at turbo machine can. A bolt-spring stiffness adjusting structure is introduced, the head end of the bolt is fixed in a counter bore on the sealing shell, the tail end of the bolt does not exceed the height of the counter bore, the head end of the spring is in contact with the tail end of the bolt and is immersed in the counter bore, the tail end of the spring is sleeved on a cylindrical pin on the outer surface of the sealing lining, and the cylindrical pin provides a guiding and positioning effect for the spring so as to prevent the spring from twisting and jumping when the sealing lining vibrates. And positioning steps with smaller outer diameters are turned at two ends of the sealing lining to prevent the sealing lining from excessively displacing when the rotating shaft shakes violently. The two parts of the structure have synergistic effect, so that the radial elasticity of the novel cylindrical surface seal of the unit under different working conditions can be conveniently and quickly subjected to self-adaptive control, the adjusting bolt is adjusted to compensate deformation when the spring deformation is overlarge, and then the shape of a seal gap is adjusted to prevent the occurrence of deflection and misalignment of the gap.
When the vibration is large and the working condition is severe, the bolt is loosened so that the pretightening force of the spring is reduced, the rigidity of the sealing structure is reduced, and the damping is increased. Meanwhile, the followability of the sealing lining and the rotating shaft is enhanced, the spring automatically restores to the original state after the vibration working condition is finished, and the sealing gap is restored to be parallel. On the contrary, when the unit operates stably, the required sealing structure has higher rigidity and lower damping, and the stability of the sealing lining can be improved after the bolts are pressed. Meanwhile, when the rotating shaft vibrates or deflects regularly, the tightness of the circumferential or axial bolts can be adjusted, and the sealing structure is formed into a sealing structure which has uneven axial or circumferential rigidity damping and is suitable for vibration.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, and the scope of the invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but rather the scope of the invention is intended to include equivalent technical means as would be understood by those skilled in the art from the inventive concepts.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a spring absorbs adjustable rigidity pass damping seal of vibrations formula which characterized in that: the device comprises a sealing lining (5) and a sealing shell (3) which are sleeved from inside to outside, wherein a plurality of bolt-spring rigidity adjusting structures are arranged between the sealing lining (5) and the sealing shell (3); the sealing lining (5) and the sealing shell (3) are cylindrical barrels, the axes of the sealing lining and the sealing shell are on the same straight line, and one side close to the axes is the inner side, otherwise, the side is the outer side;
bolt holes (3-1) are uniformly distributed on the wall surface of the sealing shell (3), and the bolt holes (3-1) are counter bores penetrating through the sealing shell (3); regular damping holes (5-3) are uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface of the sealing lining (5), the damping holes (5-3) do not penetrate through the sealing lining (5), and cylindrical pins (5-1) which correspond to the bolt holes (3-1) one by one are arranged on the outer wall surface of the sealing lining (5);
the rigidity adjusting structure of the bolt and the spring comprises a bolt (2) and a spring (4), wherein the bolt (2) is installed in a bolt hole (3-1) of the sealed shell (3), and the tail end of the bolt (2) does not extend out of the sealed shell (3); the tail end of the spring (4) is sleeved on a cylindrical pin (5-1) of the sealing lining (5), and the head end of the spring (4) extends into the bolt hole (3-1) to be abutted against the tail end of the bolt (2); the axial leads of the cylindrical pin (5-1), the spring (4) and the bolt (2) are collinear and are positioned in the radial direction of the sealing lining (5) and the sealing shell (3);
an opening at one end of the sealed shell (3) extends inwards to form an annular edge, and an annular shell end cover (1) is arranged at the other end of the sealed shell (3); two ends of the sealing lining (5) are respectively provided with a circle of positioning steps (5-2), and the two positioning steps (5-2) are respectively matched and positioned with the shell end cover (1) and the edge.
2. The spring absorbing shock type stiffness adjustable orifice damping seal of claim 1, wherein: a first annular sealing groove (3-3) is arranged on the edge of the sealing shell (3), and a first sealing gasket (6) is arranged in the first annular sealing groove; a second annular sealing groove (1-2) is arranged on one side, close to the sealing shell (3), of the inner wall ring of the shell end cover (1), and a second sealing gasket (7) is placed in the second annular sealing groove (1-2); the shell end cover (1) is connected with the sealed shell (3) through a fastener, and the first sealing gasket (6) and the second sealing gasket (7) are pressed tightly.
3. The spring absorbing shock type stiffness adjustable orifice damping seal of claim 1, wherein: the number of the bolt-spring stiffness adjusting structures is 2-5 along the axial direction, and 15-25 along the circumferential direction.
4. The spring absorbing shock type stiffness adjustable orifice damping seal of claim 1, wherein: the hole pattern of the damping hole (5-3) is a hexagonal hole, a round hole, a triangular hole or a long-strip-shaped hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021968540.6U CN212455497U (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Spring absorption vibration type rigidity-adjustable hole type damping seal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021968540.6U CN212455497U (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Spring absorption vibration type rigidity-adjustable hole type damping seal |
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| CN212455497U true CN212455497U (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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| CN202021968540.6U Active CN212455497U (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Spring absorption vibration type rigidity-adjustable hole type damping seal |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113063045A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-02 | 湖南工学院 | A stabilising arrangement for improving deep sea ore-lifting pipe stability |
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- 2020-09-10 CN CN202021968540.6U patent/CN212455497U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113063045A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-02 | 湖南工学院 | A stabilising arrangement for improving deep sea ore-lifting pipe stability |
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