CN212454697U - Wind generating set blade running state detection device - Google Patents
Wind generating set blade running state detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212454697U CN212454697U CN202021280955.4U CN202021280955U CN212454697U CN 212454697 U CN212454697 U CN 212454697U CN 202021280955 U CN202021280955 U CN 202021280955U CN 212454697 U CN212454697 U CN 212454697U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a wind generating set blade running state detection device, which comprises a rotating speed sensor, an acoustic sensor, a data collector, a controller and a data analysis system; the rotating speed sensor is arranged in the engine room and used for detecting the rotating speed of the blades; the acoustic sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the tower barrel and used for detecting audio signals when each blade rotates to the same position; the data acquisition unit is arranged in the engine room and is used for acquiring rotating speed and audio signals; the controller is used for controlling the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals at certain time intervals according to the rotating speed; the data analysis system is used for carrying out spectrum analysis according to the audio signal, comparing the frequency spectrum corresponding to each blade and finding out a blade corresponding to a frequency spectrum inconsistent with other frequency spectrums; the utility model discloses can solve prior art wind turbine generator system blade running state detection method because can not accurately judge which blade has appeared unusually for the technical problem that fault detection efficiency is low.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wind power generation technical field, concretely relates to wind generating set blade running state detection device.
Background
The blade is the most basic and key part in the wind generating set, and the good design, reliable quality and superior performance of the blade are the determining factors for ensuring the normal and stable operation of the set. In the running process of the wind turbine generator, the running state of the blades needs to be detected according to a maintenance plan so as to ensure that the wind turbine generator cannot stop running due to the fault of the blades. Common faults of the blade mainly include blade cracks and fissures, blade surface abrasion and surface layer shedding, blade edge damage, blade fracture and the like. At present, most of blade state detection of wind generating sets depends on visual inspection of appearances by operation and maintenance personnel and special equipment to detect vibration or stress states of blades. The detection mode has the defects that the skill level of the operation and maintenance personnel for detecting the blades is uneven, so that misjudgment and missed judgment are caused; the problems of high price, difficult installation and the like of special detection equipment exist.
The method comprises the steps of collecting audio signals sent by blades of a wind generating set in the running process, calculating characteristic values of the audio signals, analyzing changes of the characteristic values of the audio signals, judging changes of blade states according to the changes of the characteristic values, sending warning signals to possible damages, reminding workers to perform further inspection, timely discovering the damages and defects of the blades in the early development stage, taking repairing measures, improving the running quality of the blades, and simultaneously preventing serious accidents such as blade breakage and falling; the main functional components used comprise an omnidirectional microphone, a directional microphone, an acquisition amplifying circuit, a conditioning circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a connector, a data acquisition card and a computer.
However, in the above technical scheme, only preliminary judgment can be performed on the damage and the defect which may be generated by the blade, and it cannot be accurately judged which blade has a problem, so that more time is spent on the overhaul work of overhaul workers, the wind turbine generator has 3 blades, and the blade with a problem is determined only for the third time possibly to be inspected, so that the overhaul efficiency is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the defect among the prior art, the utility model provides a wind generating set blade running state detection device to solve prior art wind generating set blade running state detection method because can not accurately judge which blade has appeared unusually, make the technical problem that fault detection efficiency is low.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is a wind generating set blade running state detection device, which comprises a rotation speed sensor, an acoustic sensor, a data acquisition unit, a controller and a data analysis system;
the rotating speed sensor is arranged in the engine room, is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit and is used for detecting the rotating speed of the blades;
the acoustic sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the tower cylinder, is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit and is used for detecting audio signals when each blade rotates to the same position;
the data acquisition unit is arranged in the cabin, is electrically connected with the controller, and is used for acquiring the rotating speed and the audio signal, transmitting the acquired rotating speed to the controller and transmitting the acquired audio signal to the data analysis system;
the controller is used for controlling the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals at certain time intervals according to the rotating speed;
the data analysis system is used for carrying out spectrum analysis according to the audio signals, comparing the frequency spectrum corresponding to each blade and finding out the blade corresponding to the frequency spectrum inconsistent with other frequency spectrums.
Furthermore, the acoustic sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the middle of the tower barrel, and the distance between the acoustic sensor and the cabin is equal to the length of the blade.
Further, the acoustic sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the tower barrel.
The phase sensor is arranged in the engine room, is electrically connected with the controller and is used for detecting the phase change of the blades;
the controller is used for controlling the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals at certain time intervals according to the rotation speed and the phase change of the blades.
According to the above technical scheme, the utility model discloses a beneficial technological effect as follows:
1. only 1 acoustic sensor needs to be installed, and blades with abnormal operation states can be quickly found out by comparing the audio frequency spectrum of each blade in the rotating process; the device has simple structure and low cost.
2. When the operation state of the blade is analyzed, the difference of the audio signals can be obtained only by comparing a section of curve shape in the frequency spectrum image, specific digital calculation is not needed, and rapid real-time monitoring can be realized.
3. To the wind generating set that has installed, establish acoustic sensor at the outer wall of tower section of thick bamboo bottom, can make the wind generating set who has installed, has come into use also can use the utility model discloses a detection device increases the device's applicable scene scope.
4. When the rotation speed of the blades of the wind generating set changes variably, the acquisition time interval of the data acquisition unit is controlled by two indexes of rotation speed and phase change, so that the data acquisition unit can be controlled more accurately to acquire sound signals when the blades rotate to the position coinciding with the tower drum, and the analysis result of the data analysis system on the operation state of the blades is prevented from being influenced by the acquired deviation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the detection device of the present invention and the wind generating set of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a blade rotating to a position coinciding with a tower in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an analysis result according to the spectrum image of the audio signal in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a detection apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a detection apparatus in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a cabin, 2-blades, 3-a hub, 4-a tower, 5-the middle of the tower, 6-the bottom of the tower, 7-a rotation speed sensor and 8-an acoustic sensor.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the utility model provides a wind generating set blade running state detection device, which comprises a rotation speed sensor 7, an acoustic sensor 8, a data acquisition unit, a controller and a data analysis system;
the rotating speed sensor 7 is arranged in the engine room 1, is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit and is used for detecting the rotating speed of the blades 2;
the acoustic sensor 8 is arranged on the outer wall of the tower barrel 4, is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit and is used for detecting audio signals when each blade rotates to the same position;
the data acquisition unit is arranged in the engine room 1, is electrically connected with the controller, and is used for acquiring the rotating speed and the audio signal, transmitting the acquired rotating speed to the controller and transmitting the acquired audio signal to the data analysis system;
the controller is used for controlling the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals at certain time intervals according to the rotating speed;
the data analysis system is used for carrying out spectrum analysis according to the audio signals, comparing the frequency spectrum corresponding to each blade and finding out the blade corresponding to the frequency spectrum inconsistent with other frequency spectrums.
The working principle of the present embodiment is explained in detail as follows:
in the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the number of blades of the wind turbine generator system is 3. The blades of the wind generating set mainly bear wind load, the sound emitted by each blade at the same position is basically the same under the condition that the wind speed (rotating speed) of the blades along with a hub is constant in the rotating process, and if the problems of inconsistent installation angle, cracks and the like occur in a certain blade, the sound emitted by the blade is different from the sound emitted by other blades in the rotating process. Based on the principle, the acoustic sensor is utilized to collect the blade audio signals in the stable operation state at the same position, and a plurality of audio signals corresponding to different blades are obtained. By analyzing the spectral characteristics of a plurality of audio signals, as shown in fig. 3, the differences of the audio signals can be seen only by comparing a curve shape in the spectral image; the abnormal operation state of the blade corresponding to the frequency spectrum inconsistent with other frequency spectrums can be judged without specific digital calculation, and the rapid real-time monitoring can be realized. The abnormal operation state of the blade can be blade crack and craze, blade edge damage, blade icing or the like.
Specifically, after the wind generating set runs stably, the rotating speed sensor 7, the acoustic sensor 8 and the data acquisition unit start to work. The rotation speed sensor 7 detects the rotation speed of the blade, and the acoustic sensor 8 detects a sound signal. The rotation speed sensor 7 outputs a pulse signal related to the rotation frequency to detect the rotation speed of the blade as the blade 2 rotates. The measured rotating speed is collected in real time by the data collector and then transmitted to the controller. The controller controls the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals at certain time intervals according to the rotating speed. The acoustic sensor 8 is arranged on the outer wall of the middle portion 5 of the tower, the distance between the acoustic sensor 8 and the engine room 1 is equal to the length of the blade 2, and therefore when a certain blade rotates to the position coinciding with the tower 4, as shown in fig. 2, the blade tip of the blade is just closest to the acoustic sensor, sound emitted when the blade rotates is collected at the position, and the effect is optimal. Before the blade rotates to the position, the sound signals can not be collected, and the occupation of resources is reduced. The controller controls the data acquisition unit to acquire audio signals according to a certain time interval according to the rotating speed, and therefore when each blade of the 3 blades rotates to the position overlapped with the tower barrel, the controller can acquire the sound generated when the blades rotate. In this embodiment, the initial position of one of the 3 blades coincides with the tower, so that the initial point in time is correlated with the initial point of the blade position. The time interval of collecting the sound signals depends on the rotating speed of the blades after the wind turbine generator works stably, the interval time is shorter when the rotating speed is faster, and the interval time is longer when the rotating speed is slower.
The data acquisition unit transmits the acquired audio signals to the data analysis system, and the data analysis system is a small program and can be loaded in a main control system of the wind generating set. As shown in fig. 3, the data analysis system splices the audio signal frequency spectrums of each blade in the order of time of reception to form a sawtooth waveform curve divided by a period, i.e., the number of rotations of the blade, and the first rotation is the first period. And the data analysis system compares the spectrum sawtooth waveform curve corresponding to each blade to find out a certain spectrum inconsistent with other spectrums, and the blade corresponding to the spectrum is the blade with abnormal operation state.
To having installed the wind generating set, can establish acoustic sensor 8 at the outer wall of tower section of thick bamboo bottom 6, acoustic sensor 8 establishes here, can reduce the difficulty of erection and construction, makes the wind generating set who has installed, has come into operation also can use the utility model discloses a detection device. Meanwhile, when the blade rotates to the position coincident with the tower barrel, the acoustic sensor is just positioned under the blade tip, and the sound collection effect can be considered.
In the present embodiment, the acoustic sensor is a microphone. The type of the microphone chip is not limited, but in this embodiment, PGA2505IDBR may be used as an example. The rotating speed sensor can be LSW 63. The controller may be an MCU.
By using the technical scheme in the embodiment, only 1 acoustic sensor needs to be installed, and the blades with abnormal operation states can be quickly found out by comparing the audio frequency spectrum of each blade in the rotation process; the device has simple structure and low cost. When the operation state of the blade is analyzed, the difference of the audio signals can be obtained only by comparing a section of curve shape in the frequency spectrum image, specific digital calculation is not needed, and rapid real-time monitoring can be realized.
Example 2
In a wind turbine generator system, the rotational speed of the blades changes with the change of the wind speed, and the wind speed may be increased or decreased in a short time, so that the rotational speed of the blades is not constant even in a time period of one rotation. At the moment, the controller only controls the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals at certain time intervals according to the rotating speed, and the control precision is not accurate enough. It may happen that: when the controller controls the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals according to the time interval of the rotational speed prejudgment acquired at the last time point, one blade does not rotate to the position coinciding with the tower barrel, or the blade already passes the position coinciding with the tower barrel. The audio signal collected in this way is far away from the acoustic sensor, and therefore more interference noise signals may be collected, which affects the comparison result of the data analysis system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted:
as shown in fig. 5, the device for detecting the operating state of the blades of the wind generating set further includes a phase sensor, which is disposed in the nacelle, electrically connected to the controller, and configured to detect a phase change of the blades;
the controller is used for controlling the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals at certain time intervals according to the rotation speed and the phase change of the blades.
The working principle of the present embodiment is explained in detail as follows:
the phase sensor has a detecting coil in its probe to sense the approaching metal, and when there is no metal in the vicinity, the LC loop including the probe is in resonance state and the output voltage is maximum. When a metal object is close to the probe, the detection coil can induce eddy current on the surface of the metal object, so that the inductance of the coil is changed, the LC parallel loop is detuned, and the output voltage is reduced. The smaller the detection distance, the lower the output voltage. Thus, the change in the vane phase can be detected.
And meanwhile, the acquisition time interval of the data acquisition unit is controlled by adopting two indexes of rotation speed and phase change, and when the rotation speed and the phase indicate that the blade just rotates to the position coincident with the tower drum, the controller controls the data acquisition unit to acquire audio signals, so that more accurate acquisition control can be realized. Therefore, when the rotating speed of the blades of the wind generating set changes variably, the analysis result of the data analysis system on the operation state of the blades cannot be influenced due to the problem of acquisition.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a wind generating set blade running state detection device which characterized in that: the device comprises a rotating speed sensor (7), an acoustic sensor (8), a data acquisition unit, a controller and a data analysis system;
the rotating speed sensor (7) is arranged in the engine room (1), is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit and is used for detecting the rotating speed of the blades (2);
the acoustic sensor (8) is arranged on the outer wall of the tower barrel (4), is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit and is used for detecting audio signals when each blade rotates to the same position;
the data acquisition unit is arranged in the engine room (1), is electrically connected with the controller, and is used for acquiring the rotating speed and the audio signal, transmitting the acquired rotating speed to the controller, and transmitting the acquired audio signal to the data analysis system;
the controller is used for controlling the data acquisition unit to acquire audio signals at certain time intervals according to the rotating speed;
and the data analysis system is used for carrying out spectrum analysis according to the audio signal, comparing the frequency spectrum corresponding to each blade and finding out a blade corresponding to a certain frequency spectrum inconsistent with other frequency spectrums.
2. The device for detecting the operating state of the blade of the wind generating set according to claim 1, wherein: the acoustic sensor (8) is arranged on the outer wall of the middle part (5) of the tower, and the distance between the acoustic sensor (8) and the engine room (1) is equal to the length of the blade (2).
3. The device for detecting the operating state of the blade of the wind generating set according to claim 1, wherein: the acoustic sensor (8) is arranged on the outer wall of the tower bottom (6).
4. The device for detecting the operating condition of the blade of the wind generating set according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the phase sensor is arranged in the engine room, is electrically connected with the controller and is used for detecting the phase change of the blades;
the controller is used for controlling the data acquisition unit to acquire the audio signals at certain time intervals according to the change of the rotating speed and the phase of the blade.
5. The device for detecting the operating condition of the blade of the wind generating set according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the acoustic sensor is a microphone.
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| CN202021280955.4U CN212454697U (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Wind generating set blade running state detection device |
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| CN202021280955.4U CN212454697U (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Wind generating set blade running state detection device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113790129A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-14 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Optimal position for collecting sound signals of fan blade and selection method thereof |
| CN115855461A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-28 | 中节能风力发电股份有限公司 | System and method for abnormal noise of fan blade of wind turbine generator |
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2020
- 2020-07-02 CN CN202021280955.4U patent/CN212454697U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113790129A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-14 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Optimal position for collecting sound signals of fan blade and selection method thereof |
| CN115855461A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-28 | 中节能风力发电股份有限公司 | System and method for abnormal noise of fan blade of wind turbine generator |
| CN115855461B (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-09-05 | 中节能风力发电股份有限公司 | Wind turbine generator fan blade noise abnormity system and method |
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