CN212436287U - Digging, fertilizing and soil covering integrated drill bit assembly and fertilizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the field of agricultural equipment, concretely relates to dig fertilization earthing integral type drill bit assembly and fertilizer injection unit. The drill bit assembly comprises a main shaft, a lower material body, a soil drilling barrel and a soil locking barrel; the bottom of the main shaft is provided with a drill bit, and the outer side of the drill bit is provided with a main shaft spline; the blanking body comprises a blanking barrel and a rack, the inner side and the outer side of the blanking barrel are respectively provided with an inner spline and an outer spline, the upper end of the blanking barrel is provided with a sleeve, the interior of the sleeve penetrates through the main shaft, and the rack is arranged on the sleeve; the soil drilling barrel is arranged outside the blanking barrel and is fixedly connected with the main shaft; the outer side of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a helical blade, and the inner side of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a soil drilling spline; the soil locking barrel is arranged outside the soil drilling barrel. The inner spline and the outer spline of the blanking barrel are respectively radially matched with the soil drilling spline and the main shaft spline and can rotate synchronously or be separated radially, and the blanking channel of fertilizer can be opened or closed by the radial separation of the splines. The drill bit assembly can continuously complete the actions of digging, fertilizing and earthing, and the fertilizing device using the drill bit assembly has high automation degree and can improve the working efficiency.

Description

Digging, fertilizing and soil covering integrated drill bit assembly and fertilizing device

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of agricultural equipment, concretely relates to dig fertilization earthing integral type drill bit assembly and fertilizer injection unit.

Background

In the planting industry, fertilization is an essential project, various nutrient substances are supplemented for plants through fertilization to make up for the deficiency of soil conditions, and various plants can be planted under different soil conditions and generate economic benefits by benefiting from the use of fertilizers. Especially in the field of fruit tree planting, fertilization plays a crucial role in influencing the yield and quality of fruits, and scientific fertilization on fruit trees is an important project for fruit tree planting management. The variety of fruit is various, and every kind of fruit still is subdivided into a plurality of varieties, and different varieties or kind of fruit when planting, it all differs to the requirement such as quantity, variety, position, the degree of depth of fertilizeing, and incorrect fertilization mode will lead to the planting cost of fruit tree to increase by a wide margin, for solving this problem, among the prior art, the planting personnel need set for special fertilization scheme to different fruit trees in different areas according to scientific management and combination experience.

However, the geographical environment of China is complex and diverse, and the fruit tree planting industry of China presents more and less current situations at present, and the application of large-scale fertilization mechanical equipment is greatly limited in China. In fact, in fruit farms in many areas of our country, people still continue to use artificial fertilization, generally adopting the following method: the fertilization work needs at least three persons to complete cooperatively, the three persons complete the actions of digging a pit, spreading fertilizer and covering soil respectively, although the three persons refine the division of labor and can relatively improve the working efficiency, the efficiency of the fertilization mode purely relying on manpower is still very low, and larger errors exist, particularly the depth of digging the pit and the fertilizing amount. In conclusion, in combination with the national conditions of China, a small-sized mechanical fertilizing device which can customize technological parameters such as fertilizing depth, fertilizing amount and the like and is low in cost is needed in the market.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides the technical content of the first aspect, in particular to an integral drill bit component for digging, fertilizing and earthing, which comprises a main shaft, a lower material body, a soil drilling barrel and a soil locking barrel;

a drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the main shaft, the outer diameter of the drill bit is larger than that of the main shaft, and a main shaft spline is arranged on the outer side of the drill bit;

the blanking body comprises a blanking barrel and a rack, an external spline is arranged on the outer side of the blanking barrel, an internal spline is arranged in the blanking barrel, a sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the blanking barrel, the sleeve penetrates through the main shaft, the inner diameter of the sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill bit, and the rack is arranged on the sleeve;

the soil drilling barrel is arranged outside the blanking barrel and fixedly connected with the main shaft, the upper end of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a hole for the main shaft and the sleeve to pass through, the outer side of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a helical blade, and the inner side of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a soil drilling spline;

the soil locking barrel is arranged outside the soil drilling barrel, and the upper end of the soil locking barrel is provided with a hole for the main shaft and the sleeve to pass through;

the lower ends of the blanking barrel, the soil drilling barrel and the soil locking barrel are not closed; the outer spline of the blanking barrel is radially matched with the soil drilling spline of the soil drilling barrel, and the inner spline of the blanking barrel is radially matched with the main shaft spline of the main shaft; when the preset blanking barrel rises to the top relative to the main shaft and the soil drilling barrel, the blanking barrel is communicated with the lower side of the drill bit, and when the preset blanking barrel falls to the bottom relative to the main shaft and the soil drilling barrel, the blanking barrel is not communicated with the lower side of the drill bit.

Optionally, the inner diameter of the soil locking barrel is equal to the rotating diameter of the helical blade of the soil drilling barrel.

Optionally, the lower end of the soil drilling barrel is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drill bit through a connecting sheet.

Optionally, the shortest length of the soil drilling spline is greater than the sum of the lengths of at least one matched blanking barrel external spline and the main shaft spline.

Optionally, a porous structure is arranged at the upper end of the blanking barrel.

The utility model also provides the technical content of the second aspect, in particular to a fertilizing device, which comprises a main frame, a lifting system, an execution system and a gear set sliding system, wherein the upper part of the main frame is provided with a storage box, and the lower end of the storage box is provided with a discharge hole;

the lifting system comprises a hydraulic rod and a lifting power device, the hydraulic rod is fixed on the upper part of the main frame, and the lifting power device drives a piston of the hydraulic rod to move up and down;

the actuating system comprises a material blocking structure, a gear set, a rotary power device and a drill bit assembly according to any one of the technical contents of the first aspect; the material blocking structure is provided with a material blocking plate, a material blocking spring and a hook ring; the gear set comprises a large gear, a small gear and a chain, the large gear is meshed and matched with the small gear, the large gear drives the chain to move, and the other end of the chain is connected with a hook ring; the pinion is meshed and matched with the rack of the blanking body; a blanking hole is arranged below the discharging hole and is communicated with the upper end of the blanking barrel through a blanking channel; when the preset pinion is meshed and matched with the rack, the blanking body moves up and down, and the material blocking plate blocks or opens the material discharging opening; in the drill bit assembly, the upper end of the blanking barrel is provided with a porous structure, the rotary power device is rotatably connected with the main shaft, and the soil locking barrel is fixedly connected with the main frame;

the gear set sliding system comprises a guide rail and a pull wire, the guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the large gear and the small gear, one end of the pull wire is connected with the large gear or the small gear, and the small gear is meshed and matched with the rack of the blanking body in a preset default state; pulling a pull wire, enabling the gear set to slide on the guide rail, and enabling the pinion and the rack of the lower material body not to be meshed and matched;

the fertilizing device is provided with a three-position four-way valve.

Optionally, two hydraulic rods are provided, pistons of the two hydraulic rods are respectively connected with the lower positions of the two ends of the Z-shaped connecting frame, and the rotary power device is arranged at the high position in the middle of the Z-shaped connecting frame and drives the main shaft to rotate; and reinforcing ribs are arranged at the corners of the Z-shaped connecting frame.

Optionally, the rotary power device is a hydraulic motor; the lifting power device comprises a gasoline engine and a gear pump, the gasoline engine drives the gear pump, and the gear pump drives a hydraulic rod piston to move up and down.

Optionally, the gear train sliding system is provided with a guide rail spring and a clamping groove, the clamping groove clamps the pull wire, and when the pinion and the rack are not meshed and matched in advance, the guide rail spring applies an acting force moving towards the rack to the pinion.

Optionally, the main frame is provided with a handle and wheels.

The fertilization device that digging fertilization earthing integral type drill bit subassembly obtained possesses following beneficial effect:

1) the fertilizing device is high in automation degree and simple to operate, can continuously complete the whole fertilizing process of digging, fertilizing and earthing, obviously improves the working efficiency of fruit tree fertilizing and reduces the production cost;

2) the whole device is small in size, convenient to move and transport, capable of being used in various terrains and wide in adaptability to complex and various geographical environments in China;

3) the parameters of the depth, the fertilizing amount and the like of the fertilizing pit can be set by self-definition, and the fertilizing pit has certain precision,

the starting time and the running time of the power device and the sizes of structures such as a striker plate, a blanking hole and the like can be adjusted according to different conditions to control the fertilizing amount, so that the power device has good practical performance;

4) compared with the manual fertilization mode, the accurate control of the fertilization amount can effectively reduce the use amount of the whole fertilizer under the condition of ensuring the fertilization effect, particularly in the fertilization scene of mass planting,

the application of the fertilizing device can obviously reduce the fertilizing cost, thereby having good economic benefit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view (obliquely downward direction) of the fertilizer spreading device;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view (in an oblique upward direction) of the fertilizer application device;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the front view structure of the fertilizer applicator (the dotted line frame part in the figure is a perspective structure);

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the fertilizer spreading device;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the fertilizer applicator;

FIG. 7 is a schematic bottom view of the fertilizer applicator;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of FIG. 7 at B;

FIG. 9 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the fertilization device relating to hydraulic functions;

FIG. 10 is an electrical design of a hydraulic system in the fertilizer apparatus;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a vertical cross-section of the drill bit assembly;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the blank (wherein the rack is not shown);

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the spindle;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the soil drilling barrel;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the drill bit assembly in a blanking state;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the dam structure;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the gear traveling mechanism.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:

1-main frame, 11-wheels, 12-handles, 13-material storage box, 21-hydraulic rod, 22-lifting power device, 221-gear pump, 23-Z-shaped connecting frame, 24-reinforcing rib, 31-main shaft, 311-drill bit, 312-main shaft spline, 32-blanking body, 321-blanking barrel, 322-rack, 323-sleeve, 33-earth drilling barrel, 331-helical blade, 332-earth drilling spline, 34-earth locking barrel, 35-material blocking structure, 351-material blocking plate, 352-material blocking spring, 353-hook ring, 354-blanking hole, 36-gear set, 361-large gear, 362-small gear, 363-chain, 37-connecting piece, 38-rotary power device, 41-guide rail, 41-material storage box, 21-hydraulic rod, 22-lifting power device, gear pump, screw, 33-earth drilling barrel, 331-, 42-stay wire, 43-guide spring and 44-clamping groove.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides an earth-digging fertilization earthing integral type drill bit assembly, drill bit assembly indicates the multi-functional subassembly that can be used for earth-digging, fertilization and fertilization back earthing in succession, and it mainly includes main shaft 31, unloading body 32, bores soil bucket 33 and locks soil bucket 34.

The spindle 31 is a rotating shaft, and can rotate under the action of an external driving device, a drill bit 311 is arranged at the bottom of the spindle, the drill bit 311 is used for earth drilling, the outer diameter of the drill bit 311 is larger than that of the spindle 31, and a spindle spline 312 is arranged on the side surface of the spindle.

The lower material body 32 comprises a blanking barrel 321 and a rack 322, wherein the outer side and the inner side of the blanking barrel 321 are respectively provided with an external spline and an internal spline; the upper end of the blanking barrel 321 is provided with a sleeve 323, the inner part of the sleeve 323 passes through the main shaft 31, namely, the sleeve 323 is sleeved outside the main shaft 31, and the inner diameter of the sleeve 323 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill 311, obviously, the main shaft 31 passes through the whole lower material body 32. The rack 322 is provided on the sleeve 323, that is, on the outer surface of the sleeve 323, and by this arrangement, the lower material body 32 can move up and down in the rotation driving system of the gear structure or the up and down movement of the lower material body 32 drives the other gear structure to rotate.

It should be noted that, in the present application, the upper and lower directions refer to the upper and lower directions in the working process, i.e. the upper and lower directions in the vertical direction, respectively, and those skilled in the art should understand.

The soil drilling barrel 33 is arranged outside the blanking barrel 321, the upper end of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a hole for the main shaft 31 and the sleeve 323 to pass through, the outer side of the soil drilling barrel 33 is provided with a helical blade 331, the inner side of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a soil drilling spline 332, and the helical blade 331 can cut soil and temporarily store the soil on the helical blade 331 during the screwing process. The soil barrel 33 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 31 in a manner that is easily conceivable, and may be directly fixedly connected with the shaft body of the main shaft 31 or fixedly connected with the drill bit 311. In a preferred embodiment, the connecting sheet 37 may be used to connect the lower end of the soil drilling barrel 33 and the lower end of the drill bit 311, so as to connect the soil drilling barrel 33 and the main shaft 31, and increase the stability of the drilling process of the drill bit 311 and the service life of the main shaft 31.

The soil locking barrel 34 is arranged outside the soil drilling barrel 33, and the upper end of the soil locking barrel is provided with a hole for the sleeve 323 of the main shaft 31 and the lower material body 32 to pass through, that is, the soil locking barrel 34 is not fixedly connected with the main shaft 31 or the lower material body 32. The meaning of the setting of the soil locking barrel 34 is as follows: after the soil drilling barrel 33 and the main shaft 31 are matched for soil excavation, soil for soil covering is temporarily stored on the spiral blade 331, and as the main shaft 31, the blanking body 32 and the soil drilling barrel 33 need to be lifted in the subsequent process, in order to reduce the falling loss of the part of soil as much as possible, the spiral blade 331 is lifted into the soil locking barrel 34, and the soil locking barrel 34 plays a role in protecting the soil. As one of the preferred embodiments, the inside diameter of the soil-locking barrel 34 is equal to the rotation diameter of the helical blade 331 of the soil-drilling barrel 33, and it is easy to understand that the above embodiment is an ideal embodiment and is difficult to be implemented in practical application, and for understanding the purpose of the embodiment, in practical application, it is easy to implement: the inside diameter of the soil-locking barrel 34 should be made as close as possible to the rotation diameter of the screw blade 331 of the soil-drilling barrel 33 and the inside diameter of the soil-locking barrel 34 should be made slightly larger than the rotation diameter of the screw blade 331 of the soil-drilling barrel 33.

The lower ends of the blanking barrel 321, the soil drilling barrel 33 and the soil locking barrel 34 are all of an unsealed structure.

The outer side and the inner side of the blanking barrel 321 are respectively provided with an external spline and an internal spline, as matching, the inner part of the soil drilling barrel 33 is provided with a soil drilling spline 332, and the main shaft 31 is provided with a main shaft spline 312 outside the drill bit 311; the external spline of the blanking barrel 321 is radially matched with the earth drilling spline 332 of the earth drilling barrel 33, and the internal spline of the blanking barrel 321 is radially matched with the main shaft spline 312 of the main shaft 31. It should be noted that the radial matching refers to: the matched splines are arranged in parallel in the radial direction, and under the action of resultant force or component force in the vertical radial direction, the matched splines play a role in transmitting torque, and under the action of the resultant force or component force in the parallel radial direction, the matched splines are not influenced by the resultant force or component force, and the two splines can slide in the radial direction, wherein the radial direction refers to the length direction of the main shaft 31, namely the vertical direction in the soil excavating process.

Under the above arrangement, since the lower material body 32 is not fixedly connected with the main shaft 31 and the soil drilling barrel 33, when the main shaft 31 rotates, i.e. moves vertically and radially, the main shaft 31 drives the lower material body 32 and the soil drilling barrel 33 to rotate under the spline action; in addition, the lower body 32 can slide up and down in a radial direction relative to the main shaft 31 and the earth-boring bucket 33, and the limit of the upward movement thereof depends on the length of the earth-boring spline 332 of the earth-boring bucket 33.

It is preset that when the blanking barrel 321 moves upwards to the top relative to the main shaft 31 and the soil drilling barrel 33, the blanking barrel 321 is communicated with the lower side of the drill bit 311, and when the blanking barrel 321 moves downwards to the bottom relative to the main shaft 31 and the soil drilling barrel 33, the blanking barrel 321 is not communicated with the lower side of the drill bit 311. The purpose of the above arrangement is: be equipped with fertilizer in the feed bin 321, when need not fertilize, feed bin 321 does not communicate with drill bit 311 downside, and fertilizer does not spill from feed bin 321 promptly, and when needing fertilize, we made feed bin 321 relative motion to ascending limit, feed bin 321 and drill bit 311 downside communicate, and fertilizer will spill from feed bin 321 promptly, enter into preset position.

The fertilizer application time can be controlled by controlling the feeding barrel 321 to move up and down to change the communication or closed state of the feeding barrel 321 and the lower side of the drill 311, and the specific implementation manner of the fertilizer application time can be as follows: the length of the preset shortest soil drilling spline 332 is greater than the sum of the lengths of at least one matched discharging barrel 321 external spline and the main shaft spline 312, that is, when the discharging barrel 321 moves upwards, the upward movement stroke depends on the shortest soil drilling spline 332, when the discharging barrel 321 moves upwards to the limit position, at least one matched discharging barrel 321 external spline rises to the upper end of the main shaft spline 312, at the position, the discharging barrel 321 is communicated with the lower side of the drill bit 311, and fertilizer can fall to the preset position through the passage.

Through the manner, the fertilization time can be well controlled, the fertilizer is arranged in the blanking barrel 321 in advance in the embodiment, and as the blanking barrel 321 has limited volume and is difficult to conveniently supplement the fertilizer, as one of the preferable embodiments, the upper end of the blanking barrel 321 is provided with the porous structure, when the fertilizer needs to be supplemented, the fertilizer can be directly supplemented from the upper end of the blanking barrel 321, and the specific operation method can be that the fertilizer is conveyed to the upper end of the blanking barrel 321 through the holes at the upper ends of the soil drilling barrel 33 and the soil locking barrel 34 by using a hose and enters the inner part of the blanking barrel 321 through the porous structure at the upper end of the blanking barrel 321. By this embodiment, the fertilizer can be conveniently supplemented, or other similar means can be adopted, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.

The utility model also provides a fertilizing device, similarly, it possesses the function of soil digging, fertilizing and earthing integration, the main structure of which comprises a main frame 1, a lifting system, an execution system and a gear set sliding system, the main frame 1 is a basic frame, a material storage box 13 is arranged on the upper part of the main frame, and a discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the material storage box 13; with the following in mind, a person skilled in the art will easily be able to conceive of various embodiments of the main frame 1 and its storage bin 13, the specific construction of which is easily conceivable and does not relate to the inventive idea of the present fertilizing apparatus. In a preferred embodiment, the main frame 1 is further provided with a handle 12 and wheels 11, and the fertilizing device is easy to move and convenient to use.

The lifting system aims to enable the execution system to descend and excavate soil, and enables the execution system to ascend after the excavation is completed so as to complete subsequent actions, and in order to achieve the functions, the lifting system comprises a hydraulic rod 21 and a lifting power device 22, the hydraulic rod 21 is fixed on the upper portion of the main frame 1, the lifting power device 22 provides power for the lifting system to drive a piston of the hydraulic rod 21 to move up and down, and the piston moves up and down to drive the execution system to complete ascending and descending actions. The movement stroke of the piston of the hydraulic rod 21 is controllable, so that the depth of the fertilizer application pit can be controlled by adjusting the movement stroke of the piston.

The execution system actively completes all actions of digging, fertilizing and earthing, and parameters such as digging amount, digging depth, fertilizing amount and the like of the system are required to be easily controlled, and coordination of all actions are accurately controlled. To achieve the above function, the actuating system includes the material blocking structure 35, the gear set 36, the rotary power device 38 and the drill bit assembly with the combination of the technical features described above.

In the drill bit assembly, the upper end of the blanking barrel 321 is provided with a porous structure, the rotary power device 38 is rotatably connected with the main shaft 31, drives the main shaft 31 to rotate and supports the main shaft 31, the blanking body 32 and the soil locking barrel 34, and the soil locking barrel 34 is fixedly connected with the main frame 1. Through the arrangement, the rotary power device 38 drives the main shaft 31, the blanking body 32 and the soil locking barrel 34 to rotate; the lifting power device 22 drives the main shaft 31, the blanking body 32 and the soil locking barrel 34 to ascend or descend.

The material blocking structure 35 is provided with a material blocking plate 351, a material blocking spring 352 and a hook ring 353, a blanking hole 354 is arranged below a discharge hole of the material storage box 13, and the blanking hole 354 is communicated with the upper end of the blanking barrel 321 through a blanking channel so that fertilizer falls into the blanking barrel 321; the blanking channel can be a hose or a slide way and the like, and the blanking channel is preferably a hose. Through a series of cooperation, the striker plate 351 can move to close or open the drain hole, and the amount of fertilization each time can be accurately controlled by controlling the size of the striker plate 351, the drain hole, the blanking hole 354 and the discharging time. The hook ring 353 is used for pulling the material blocking plate 351 to move in cooperation with the gear set 36, and the material blocking spring 352 is used for enabling the material blocking plate 351 to return quickly to block a discharging hole, so that the accuracy of single fertilizing amount is improved.

The gear set 36 includes a large gear 361, a small gear 362, and a chain 363. The bull gear 361 is in meshing engagement with the pinion gear 362. The gearwheel 361 drives the chain 363 to move. Preferably, the chain 363 is welded to the bull gear 361, and the module of the chain 363 is matched with the module of the bull gear 361, it should be noted that in practical applications, there may be a problem of spatial interference of each structure, therefore, on the basis of the above, it is easy to think that a person skilled in the art may additionally add other gear structures to overcome the problem of spatial interference, and such an embodiment is also within the scope of the present application. The other end of the chain 363 is connected with the hook ring 353 of the material blocking structure 35. Through the mode, the rotation of the large gear 361 can pull the striker plate 351 to move, so that the material placing time and the material placing time are accurately controlled. In addition, the key point is that the pinion 362 is meshed with the rack 322 of the lower material body 32, and at this time, the lower material body 32 ascends or descends to drive the pinion 362 and the large gear 361 to rotate, so as to drive the striker plate (351) to close or open the discharge hole. In the descending process, the descending speed of the blanking body 32 is relatively slowed down when the blanking body is not meshed, and is smaller than the descending speed of the main shaft 31 and the soil drilling barrel 33, namely, the blanking body 32 generates upward radial movement relative to the main shaft 31 and the soil drilling barrel 33, and the inner spline and the outer spline of the blanking barrel 321 slide with the main shaft spline 312 and the soil drilling spline 332 in the radial direction, so that a channel of the blanking barrel 321 communicated with the lower side (namely a fertilizing pit) of the drill bit 311 is opened; when the spindle 31 is raised, the lower body 32 is raised at the same speed as the spindle 31 due to the steric hindrance. In the above manner, when the main shaft 31 ascends or descends, the blanking body 32 drives the gear set 36 to rotate, the striker plate 351 can be opened to enable the fertilizer to fall to the blanking hole 354 from the discharge hole of the storage box 13 or be closed, and when the striker plate is opened, the fertilizer enters the blanking barrel 321 through the blanking channel; in addition, when the fertilizer is descended, the descending speed of the lower material body 32 is relatively slow under the action of the gear set, namely, the lower material body 32 moves upwards relative to the main shaft 31, so that the channels at the lower sides of the lower material barrel 321 and the drill bit 311 are opened, and finally, the fertilizer falls into the fertilizer application pit dug by the soil drilling barrel 33.

The gear set sliding system comprises a guide rail 41 and a pull wire 42, wherein the guide rail 41 is arranged at the bottom of a large gear 361 and a small gear 362, the large gear 361 and the small gear 362 can slide along the guide rail 41, and one end of the pull wire 42 is connected with the gear set 36; under a preset default state, the pinion 362 is meshed and matched with the rack 322 of the blanking body 32; pulling the pull wire 42, the gear set 36 slides on the guide rail 41, and the pinion 362 is not meshed with the rack 322 of the lower body 32. Through the above manner, when the blanking barrel 321 does not need to be communicated with the lower side and the execution system needs to be lifted, the pull wire 42 can be pulled to separate the gear set 36 from the rack 322 in a meshed state, as a preferred embodiment, the gear set sliding system is further provided with the guide rail spring 43 and the clamping groove 44, the clamping groove 44 is used for clamping the pull wire 42, and the pull wire 42 is clamped in the clamping groove 44 after the gear set 36 is pulled away, so that the practical operation is facilitated; when the gear set 36 is to be engaged with the blanking body 32, the wire 42 is pulled out of the engaging groove 44, and the gear set 36 moves toward the rack 322 by the guide spring 43, so that the pinion 362 is engaged with the rack 322. To achieve this, the guide spring 43 applies a force to the pinion 362 to move in the direction of the rack 322 when the pinion 362 is not in meshing engagement with the rack 322.

The whole action flow of the fertilizing device is as follows:

1) moving the fertilizing device to a preset position, so that the drill bit 311 is aligned with the position of the pre-facility fertilizer pit, and at the moment, the gear set 36 is not matched with the blanking body 32;

2) starting each power device, synchronously rotating and descending the main shaft 31, the blanking body 32 and the soil drilling barrel 33, digging a fertilizer application pit through the helical blade 331 and the drill bit 311, accumulating part of soil on the helical blade 331, and ensuring that the gear set 36 is not matched with the blanking body 32 in the process;

3) the pull wire 42 is loosened, the gear set 36 slides, the pinion 362 is matched with the lower material body 32, then the lifting system drives the execution system to ascend, the main shaft 31, the lower material body 32 and the soil drilling barrel 33 enter the soil locking barrel 34 to prepare for fertilizing and storing soil, meanwhile, the gear set 36 is driven by the rack 322 to rotate, the striker plate 351 is pulled open, and fertilizer enters the lower material barrel 321;

4) the execution system descends, the gear set 36 is driven by the rack 322 to rotate reversely, the material blocking plate 351 closes the discharge hole under the action of the material blocking spring 352, meanwhile, the descending speed of the lower material body 321 is relatively slow, the lower material barrel 321 ascends relative to the soil drilling barrel 33 and the main shaft 31, a passage from the lower material barrel 321 to the fertilization pit is opened, and the fertilizer enters the fertilization pit under the action of gravity;

5) after fertilization is completed, the pull wire 42 is pulled to enable the gear set 36 to slide and be separated from matching with the lower material body 32, the drill bit assembly rotates reversely, and soil on the spiral blade 331 falls to bury a fertilizer pit;

6) and (5) ascending the execution system, and moving the whole homing preparation to the next station.

In order to improve the automation degree of the fertilizing device, the fertilizing device is provided with a three-position four-way valve, and the operation time and the operation direction of each power device can be realized through simple circuit setting, so that the effect of automatic operation is achieved, and the automation degree of the fertilizing device is improved. It should be noted that the practical matching application of the three-position four-way valve and the execution system belongs to the conventional means in the prior art, and those skilled in the art can easily think of the implementation manner thereof, and the means is clear and complete for those skilled in the art, and those skilled in the art can implement the above technical means without making creative work.

In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes the solution with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Examples

As shown in fig. 11 to 15, the present embodiment provides a drill bit assembly composed of a main shaft 31, a lower body 32, a soil drilling barrel 33, and a soil locking barrel 34.

The lower end of the main shaft 31 is provided with a drill 311, and the outer side of the drill 311 is provided with a main shaft spline 312.

A lower material body 32 is arranged on the outer side of the main shaft 31, and the lower material body 32 is provided with a lower material barrel 321, a rack 322 and a sleeve 323; the sleeve 323 is sleeved outside the main shaft 31, and the main shaft 31 penetrates through the whole lower material body 32; the rack 322 is arranged on the sleeve 323; the part 321 of the blanking barrel is open, the upper end of the blanking barrel is provided with a porous structure, the inner side of the blanking barrel is provided with an internal spline, and the outer side of the blanking barrel is provided with an external spline.

The outer side of the lower material body 32 is provided with a soil drilling barrel 33, the bottom of the soil drilling barrel 33 is provided with an opening, the upper end of the soil drilling barrel 33 is provided with a hole for the main shaft 31, the sleeve 323 and the blanking hose to pass through, the outer side of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a helical blade 331, the inner side of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a soil drilling spline 332, the lower end of the soil drilling barrel 33 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drill bit 311 through a connecting sheet.

The outer side of the soil drilling barrel 33 is provided with a soil locking barrel 34, the bottom of the soil drilling barrel 33 is open, and the upper end of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a hole for the main shaft 31, the sleeve 323 and the blanking hose to pass through.

The soil locking barrel 34 is arranged outside the soil drilling barrel 33, and the upper end of the soil locking barrel is provided with a hole for the main shaft 31, the sleeve 323 and the blanking hose to pass through. The soil locking barrel 34 is fixedly connected with the main frame 1, and the inner diameter of the soil locking barrel is slightly larger than the rotating diameter of the spiral blade 331 of the soil drilling barrel 33.

In the drill bit assembly of this embodiment, the lengths of the soil drilling splines 332 are the same and are greater than the sum of the lengths of the external splines of the matched blanking barrel 321 and the main shaft splines 312, and in this way, the blanking body 32 moves upward to the limit position relative to the main shaft 31 and the soil drilling barrel 33, that is, when the uppermost end of the soil drilling splines 332 is drilled, the blanking barrel 321 and the drill bit 311 will have a passage at the spline connection for fertilizer to fall down.

The embodiment also provides a specific implementation mode of the fertilizing device.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the fertilizer applicator of the present embodiment is composed of a main frame 1, a lifting system, an execution system and a gear train sliding system.

The main frame 1 is provided with a handle 12, wheels 11 and a storage box 13.

The lifting system comprises a hydraulic rod 21, a lifting power device 22, a Z-shaped connecting frame 23 and reinforcing ribs 24. The hydraulic pressure pole 21 is equipped with two, is fixed in 1 both sides of body frame respectively, the both ends low level of Z style of calligraphy link 23 is connected respectively to the piston of hydraulic pressure pole 21, the corner of Z style of calligraphy link 23 is equipped with strengthening rib 24. The height and the motion track of the pistons of the two hydraulic rods 21 are the same and are designed synchronously. The lifting power device 22 is a gasoline engine and a gear pump 221, the gasoline engine provides power for the gear pump 221, a three-position four-way valve is arranged, and the gear pump 221 drives a piston to lift. In order to reduce the center and average weight ratio of the fertilizing device, the gasoline engine and the gear pump 221 are arranged at a lower position in the middle of the main frame 1.

The actuating system comprises a material blocking structure 35, a gear set 36, a rotary power device 38 and the drill bit assembly in the embodiment.

As shown in fig. 5 and 16, the striker structure 35 includes a striker plate 351, a striker spring 352, and a hook 353, and a blanking hole 354 is provided below the striker plate 351 in the initial state.

As shown in fig. 4, the gear set 36 includes a large gear 361, a small gear 362 and a chain 363, the large gear 361 is engaged with the small gear 362, the chain 363 is welded to the large gear 361, and the other end of the chain 363 is connected to a hook 353 of the material blocking structure 35. The rack gear 361 and the pinion gear 362 are externally provided with a frame, and the bottom of the frame is provided with a slide block.

The rotary power device 38 is a hydraulic motor, and the rotary power device 38 is arranged at the middle high position of the Z-shaped connecting frame 23 and provides power for the rotation of the main shaft 31. The arrangement of the Z-shaped connecting frame 23 can reduce the total height of the device and improve the stability of the device.

As shown in fig. 17, the gear train sliding system includes a guide rail 41, a pull wire 42, a guide rail spring 43 and a slot 44, the guide rail 41 is disposed at the bottom of the frame of the gear train 36, a stopper is disposed at one end of the guide rail 41, the guide rail spring 43 is disposed in the stopper, the pull wire 42 pulls the frame of the gear train 36 to move through the stopper, the pull wire 42 extends to the handle 12, and the slot 44 is disposed at the handle 12, the slot 44 is a conventional means in the prior art, and a person skilled in the art can easily understand an implementation manner thereof, and details thereof are omitted. Through the arrangement, the gear set 36 can be conveniently controlled to slide on the guide rail 41, and further, whether the pinion 362 is matched with the rack 322 or not can be controlled.

The fertilizer apparatus of this embodiment utilizes a three-position four-way valve to perform operation control, and the circuit configuration thereof refers to fig. 10, and the circuit configuration control operation is shown in the following table:

it should be noted that the actual layout of the circuit arrangement in fig. 10 belongs to the conventional means in the prior art, and the specific implementation thereof is simple and tedious, and therefore, the details are not repeated herein.

The working process of the fertilizing device in the embodiment is as follows:

1) moving the fertilizing device to a preset position, so that the drill bit 311 is aligned with the position of the pre-facility fertilizer pit, and at the moment, the gear set 36 is not matched with the blanking body 32;

2) starting a power device such as a gasoline engine and a gear pump 221, enabling the main shaft 31, the blanking body 32 and the soil drilling barrel 33 to synchronously rotate and descend, digging out a fertilizer application pit through the helical blade 331 and the drill bit 311, accumulating part of soil on the helical blade 331, and enabling the gear set 36 not to be matched with the blanking body 32 at the moment;

3) the pull wire 42 is loosened, the gear set 36 slides, the pinion 362 is matched with the lower material body 32, then the lifting system drives the execution system to ascend, the main shaft 31, the lower material body 32 and the soil drilling barrel 33 enter the soil locking barrel 34 to prepare for fertilizing and storing soil, meanwhile, the gear set 36 is driven by the rack 322 to rotate, the striker plate 351 is pulled open, and fertilizer enters the lower material barrel 321;

4) the execution system descends, the gear set 36 is driven by the rack 322 to rotate reversely, the material blocking plate 351 closes the discharge hole under the action of the material blocking spring 352, meanwhile, the descending speed of the lower material body 321 is relatively slow, the lower material barrel 321 ascends relative to the soil drilling barrel 33 and the main shaft 31, a passage from the lower material barrel 321 to the fertilization pit is opened, and the fertilizer enters the fertilization pit under the action of gravity;

5) after fertilization is completed, the pull wire 42 is pulled to enable the gear set 36 to slide and be separated from matching with the lower material body 32, the drill bit assembly rotates reversely, and soil on the spiral blade 331 falls to bury a fertilizer pit;

6) and (5) ascending the execution system, and moving the whole homing preparation to the next station.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An integral drill bit component for digging, fertilizing and earthing is characterized by comprising a main shaft (31), a lower material body (32), a soil drilling barrel (33) and a soil locking barrel (34);

a drill bit (311) is arranged at the bottom of the main shaft (31), the outer diameter of the drill bit (311) is larger than that of the main shaft (31), and a main shaft spline (312) is arranged on the outer side of the drill bit (311);

the lower material body (32) comprises a blanking barrel (321) and a rack (322), an external spline is arranged on the outer side of the blanking barrel (321), an internal spline is arranged in the blanking barrel, a sleeve (323) is arranged at the upper end of the blanking barrel (321), the main shaft (31) penetrates through the inner part of the sleeve (323), the inner diameter of the main shaft is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill bit (311), and the rack (322) is arranged on the sleeve (323);

the soil drilling barrel (33) is arranged outside the blanking barrel (321) and fixedly connected with the main shaft (31), the upper end of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a hole for the main shaft (31) and the sleeve (323) to pass through, the outer side of the soil drilling barrel (33) is provided with a helical blade (331), and the inner side of the soil drilling barrel is provided with a soil drilling spline (332);

the soil locking barrel (34) is arranged outside the soil drilling barrel (33), and the upper end of the soil locking barrel is provided with a hole for the main shaft (31) and the sleeve (323) to pass through;

the lower ends of the blanking barrel (321), the soil drilling barrel (33) and the soil locking barrel (34) are not closed; the external spline of the blanking barrel (321) is radially matched with the soil drilling spline (332) of the soil drilling barrel (33), and the internal spline of the blanking barrel (321) is radially matched with the main shaft spline (312) of the main shaft (31); when the preset blanking barrel (321) rises to the top relative to the main shaft (31) and the soil drilling barrel (33), the blanking barrel (321) is communicated with the lower side of the drill bit (311), and when the preset blanking barrel (321) falls to the bottom relative to the main shaft (31) and the soil drilling barrel (33), the blanking barrel (321) is not communicated with the lower side of the drill bit (311).

2. The integrated drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the soil locking barrel (34) inner diameter is equal to the rotational diameter of the soil drilling barrel (33) helical blade (331).

3. The integrated drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the lower end of the earth-boring bucket (33) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill bit (311) by a connecting piece (37).

4. The integrated drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the shortest length of the earth-boring spline (332) is greater than the sum of the lengths of the at least one mating stripper barrel (321) external spline and the spindle spline (312).

5. The integrated drill bit assembly of claim 1, wherein the upper end of the blanking barrel (321) is provided with a porous structure.

6. The fertilizing device is characterized by comprising a main frame (1), a lifting system, an executing system and a gear set sliding system, wherein a storage box (13) is arranged at the upper part of the main frame (1), and a discharging hole is formed in the lower end of the storage box (13);

the lifting system comprises a hydraulic rod (21) and a lifting power device (22), the hydraulic rod (21) is fixed on the upper part of the main frame (1), and the lifting power device (22) drives a piston of the hydraulic rod (21) to move up and down;

the actuating system comprises a material blocking structure (35), a gear set (36), a rotary power device (38) and the drill bit assembly of any one of claims 1-5; the material blocking structure (35) is provided with a material blocking plate (351), a material blocking spring (352) and a hook ring (353); the gear set (36) comprises a gearwheel (361), a pinion (362) and a chain (363), the gearwheel (361) is meshed with the pinion (362) in a matching manner, the gearwheel (361) drives the chain (363) to move, and the other end of the chain (363) is connected with a hook ring (353); the pinion (362) is meshed with the rack (322) of the lower body (32); a blanking hole (354) is arranged below the discharging hole, and the blanking hole (354) is communicated with the upper end of the blanking barrel (321) through a blanking channel; when the preset pinion (362) is meshed and matched with the rack (322), the lower material body (32) moves up and down, and the material baffle (351) blocks or opens the discharge hole; in the drill bit assembly, a porous structure is arranged at the upper end of a blanking barrel (321), a rotary power device (38) is rotatably connected with a main shaft (31), and a soil locking barrel (34) is fixedly connected with a main frame (1);

the gear set sliding system comprises a guide rail (41) and a pull wire (42), the guide rail (41) is arranged at the bottoms of a large gear (361) and a small gear (362), one end of the pull wire (42) is connected with the large gear (361) or the small gear (362), and the small gear (362) is meshed and matched with a rack (322) of the lower material body (32) in a preset default state; pulling the pull wire (42), the gear set (36) slides on the guide rail (41), and the pinion (362) is not meshed with the rack (322) of the lower body (32);

the fertilizing device is provided with a three-position four-way valve.

7. The fertilizing device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the hydraulic rods (21) are provided with two pistons which are respectively connected with the lower positions of the two ends of the Z-shaped connecting frame (23), the rotary power device (38) is arranged at the middle upper position of the Z-shaped connecting frame (23) and drives the main shaft (31) to rotate; and reinforcing ribs (24) are arranged at the corners of the Z-shaped connecting frame (23).

8. Fertilizing device according to claim 6, characterised in that the rotary power means (38) are hydraulic motors; the lifting power device (22) is a gasoline engine and a gear pump (221), the gasoline engine drives the gear pump (221), and the gear pump (221) drives a piston of the hydraulic rod (21) to move up and down.

9. The fertilizer applicator according to claim 6, wherein the gear train sliding system is provided with a guide spring (43) and a clamping groove (44), the clamping groove (44) is used for clamping the pull wire (42), and when the preset pinion (362) is not meshed with the rack (322), the guide spring (43) applies acting force to the pinion (362) to move towards the rack (322).

10. Fertilizing device according to claim 6, characterised in that the main frame (1) is provided with a handle (12) and wheels (11).

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