CN212434064U - Pericardiocentesis simulator under ultrasonic guidance - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pericardium puncture simulator under supersound guide, the base unit be the cavity box, the positive outside of base unit covers the epidermis, inside sets up the breastbone, the base unit divide into thorax position and abdominal cavity position, still including being located the heart unit of thorax rigidity in breastbone inside and being located the power pump unit of abdominal cavity rigidity in breastbone below, be connected with the circulation unit between heart unit and the power pump unit, the inside marginal fixed silica gel draw-in groove of base unit, the heart unit include heart and cover establish the heart outside pericardium, the circulation unit including the vascular hose of simulation human body, the hose fix the silica gel draw-in groove in, the power pump unit including connecting the liquid power pump and the air power pump that set up, the external hydrops device of air power pump. The utility model discloses a pericardium puncture simulator can use repeatedly under the supersound guide, specially for the pericardium puncture under the guide of training supersound, easily carries easy operation convenience.

Description

Pericardiocentesis simulator under ultrasonic guidance

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to medical science teaching field, concretely relates to pericardium puncture simulator under supersound guide.

Background

Pericardial effusion is a common clinical manifestation, and is a local manifestation or a complication of diseases of the pericardium itself or various systemic diseases of the whole body, and can be seen in exudative pericarditis and other non-inflammatory pericardial lesions. When a large amount of effusion is wrapped in the pericardium, the pericardium is stuffed, the patient can have the symptoms of chest distress, dyspnea, blood pressure reduction, heart rate acceleration and the like, the blood circulation of the patient is seriously interfered due to the increase of the pressure in the pericardial cavity, venous blood can not smoothly return to the heart, the blood discharging function of the heart is disordered, and sudden death can occur to a serious patient. Most of traditional treatment of hydropericardium is to directly puncture into the pericardial cavity by means of blind puncture of a puncture needle to extract hydrops, but due to repeated pericardial puncture under non-visual conditions, visceral organs are easily damaged, and certain danger is caused. In order to avoid the injury caused by blind puncture, puncture drainage is visualized by means of an echocardiogram. Echocardiography is a preferred non-invasive technique for examining the anatomical and functional status of the heart and great vessels using the physical properties of ultrasound.

The sensitivity and specificity of the ultrasonic cardiogram diagnosis of the pericardial effusion are obviously superior to those of X-ray and electrocardiogram, and the ultrasonic manifestation is the liquid dark area in the pericardial cavity. The ultrasonic-guided percutaneous pericardiocentesis catheterization drainage is the simplest, safe and effective emergency treatment measure for examining, relieving or removing acute pericardial tamponade by a clinician at the present stage. The acute pericardial effusion patient is critical, puncture drainage under ultrasonic guidance needs cooperation between operators, and the operation is skilled, but the clinical training chance for primary doctors is few, so that an ultrasonic guidance pericardial puncture simulator is urgently needed to assist doctors in performing routine echocardiogram exercise and ultrasonic guidance pericardial puncture effusion drainage exercise in a pericardial effusion mode. At the present stage, the puncture simulator applied to clinical teaching has a single function and cannot meet the training requirement under complex conditions. The existing simulators are not satisfactory for solving the problems of 'medical science, education and research' in the field at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the puncture simulator solves the problems that the puncture simulator applied to clinical teaching has single function and cannot meet the training requirement under complex conditions at the present stage.

The utility model aims at providing a have the function of simulation normal human internal heart blood flow function, simulation pericardial hydrops state simultaneously and possess under the supersound guide pericardial hydrops puncture function multi-functional formula supersound guide pericardial puncture simulator that combines together.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

an ultrasonic-guided pericardial puncture simulator comprises a base unit, wherein the base unit is a hollow box body, the outer part of the front surface of the base unit is covered with a skin, a sternum is arranged in the base unit, the base unit is divided into a thoracic cavity position and an abdominal cavity position, the pericardial puncture simulator further comprises a heart unit positioned in the thoracic cavity and fixed in the sternum and a power pump unit positioned in the abdominal cavity and fixed below the sternum, a circulating unit is connected between the heart unit and the power pump unit,

the inner edge of the base unit is fixed with a silica gel clamping groove, the heart unit comprises a heart and a pericardium sleeved outside the heart, the circulating unit comprises a hose simulating a human body blood vessel, the hose is fixed in the silica gel clamping groove, the power pump unit comprises a hydraulic power pump and a pneumatic power pump which are connected, and the pneumatic power pump is externally connected with a effusion device;

the flexible pipe is connected with the heart and the hydraulic power pump to form a closed liquid circulation system, so that normal blood flow simulation is realized;

the hose is connected with a pericardium and a pneumatic pump, and the pneumatic pump and the effusion device jointly provide effusion for the pericardium;

the hoses connected with the hydraulic power pump and the pneumatic power pump are independent.

Specifically, hydrops device in be equipped with the sacculus of being connected with pneumatic pump, hydrops device sets up the pneumatic cylinder of being connected with the sacculus outward, pneumatic pump connects the gas quantity in the pneumatic cylinder control sacculus and then controls the hydrops volume that gets into the pericardium, pneumatic pump provides pressure for the hose of connecting the pericardium.

Furthermore, the back of the base unit is provided with an upper isolation layer and a lower isolation layer, the upper isolation layer is used for fixing the puncture drainage unit, and the lower isolation layer is provided with a storage unit for storing consumables.

Furthermore, the hose connection part of the circulation unit is a spiral connector, and a one-way valve for connecting the heart unit and the power pump unit is arranged.

Furthermore, the heart and the pericardium are wholly encapsulated in soft silica gel and are tightly attached to the epidermis and the sternum.

Specifically, the hydrops device be equipped with the hydrops replenishment mouth of artifical liquid feeding, the memory cell in place the instrument articles for use of maintaining the simulator.

Furthermore, the base unit is externally connected with a power supply for supplying power.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model following beneficial effect has:

the utility model discloses a pericardium puncture simulator can use repeatedly under the supersound guide, and the pericardium puncture is under for training supersound guide specially, easily carries, and easy operation is convenient, and very suitable training clinician carries out the training of pericardium puncture operation and put the pipe drainage under the supersound guide. The simulator has the functions of simulating heart blood flow in a normal human body and simulating the state of the pericardial effusion, and has a multifunctional ultrasonic-guided pericardial effusion puncture simulator combined with an ultrasonic-guided pericardial effusion puncture function.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view under the skin of a pericardial puncture simulator;

FIG. 2 is an underside view of the skin of a pericardial puncture simulator;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a pericardial puncture simulator;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a power pump unit;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heart unit with arrows indicating the direction of blood flow;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a pericardial puncture simulator in a normal mode;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a pericardial puncture simulator in effusion mode;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a pericardial puncture simulator in puncture mode;

the reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a base unit; 11. a epidermis; 12. a sternum; 13. an isolation layer; 14. a silica gel clamping groove; 2. a cardiac unit; 21. a heart; 22. pericardium; 3. a circulation unit; 31. a hose; 4. a power pump unit; 41. a hydrodynamic pump; 42. a pneumatic pump; 43. a pneumatic bottle; 44. a liquid loading port; 45. a balloon; 46. a liquid accumulation device; 47. a rotating wheel; 5. a storage unit; 6. a puncture drainage unit; 7. a power source.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments of the present invention are given, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all the equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solution of the present application all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

The terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like, as used herein, are used only for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, "inner", "outer" means inner and outer of the corresponding component profile, "front", "back" means the front and back of the corresponding component profile, and the above terms are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the present invention, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like are used in a broad sense unless otherwise stated, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

This external water pump of this disclosure to rivers simulation "blood flow", epidermis anthropomorphic dummy top layer skin is made by the silica gel material, and the sense of touch emulation can carry out puncture training repeatedly, can dismantle, change, wash and maintain, and durable supports arbitrary brand supersound and inspects.

The sternum simulates the structure of the human sternum, has intercostal gaps, has the thickness of less than or equal to 2mm, and is used for supporting epidermis and creating sternum blind area environment under ultrasound. The sternum structure can be buckled on the inner edge of the base and can be detached and replaced.

The heart is 3D printing transparent heart model, and supersound is visual, and heart and pericardium are as an organic whole, removable. The liquid inlet and outlet are provided with spiral interfaces which are butted with blood vessels.

The utility model discloses in, the sacculus setting is in the inside of hydrops device, and pneumatic pump connects the pneumatic cylinder to aerify and lose heart the sacculus, aerify and the sacculus that loses heart play the effect of squeezing hydrops to the pericardium or making the hydrops in the pericardium flow back to the hydrops device. When the sacculus is inflated, the hydrops in the hydrops device can be squeezed, so that the hydrops flows into the pericardium along the hose, and when the hydrops leaks, the sacculus becomes small, and the hydrops in the pericardium flows back to the hydrops device.

In the process of simulating pericardial effusion and puncture drainage, the operation of puncture drainage can damage pericardial materials. Therefore, the pericardial material is made of self-healing tissues, the touch sense is simulated, the ultrasonic image is real, repeated puncture training can be performed, and the pericardial material is durable and supports ultrasonic examination of any brand so as to meet the operation of complex puncture with higher puncture drainage requirement and multiple times. The core tip part is provided with a small spiral interface which is connected with a pneumatic power pump device. The hydraulic power pump and the pneumatic power pump of the device are arranged under a frame to form a power pump unit, and the circular rotating wheel rotates, namely the hydraulic power pump rotates to drive blood flow in the embedded hose to flow at a uniform speed in a one-way mode.

Example 1

The embodiment provides an ultrasound-guided pericardial puncture simulator, which comprises a base unit 1, wherein the base unit 1 is a hollow box body, the outer part of the front surface of the base unit 1 is covered with a replaceable skin 11, a sternum 12 is arranged inside the base unit, specifically, an ultrasound-impermeable sternum 12 structure (the thickness is less than or equal to 2mm) is embedded below the skin 11, the base unit 1 is divided into a thoracic cavity position and an abdominal cavity position, the pericardial puncture simulator further comprises a heart unit 2 positioned in the thoracic cavity position and fixed inside the sternum 12 and a power pump unit 4 positioned in the abdominal cavity position and fixed below the sternum 12, a circulating unit 3 is connected between the heart unit 2,

the silica gel card slot 14 is fixed on the inner edge of the base unit 1, the heart unit 2 comprises a heart 21 and a pericardium 22 sleeved outside the heart 21, and a small spiral interface is arranged at the apex of the pericardium 22 and connected with a pneumatic power pump 42 device. The circulating unit 3 comprises a hose 31 for simulating a human blood vessel, the hose 31 is fixed in the silica gel clamping groove 14, the power pump unit 4 comprises a hydraulic power pump 41 and a pneumatic power pump 42 which are connected, and the pneumatic power pump 42 is externally connected with a liquid accumulating device 46;

the hose 31 is connected with the heart 21 and the hydraulic power pump 41 to form a closed liquid circulation system, so that blood flow simulation is realized;

the hose 31 is connected with the pericardium 22 and the pneumatic pump 42, and the pneumatic pump 42 and the effusion device 46 jointly provide effusion for the pericardium 22;

the hoses 31 connecting the hydrodynamic pump 41 and the pneumatic pump 42 are independent of each other.

In this embodiment, a balloon 45 connected to the pneumatic pump 42 is disposed in the liquid accumulation device 46, a pneumatic bottle 43 connected to the balloon 45 is disposed outside the liquid accumulation device 46, the pneumatic pump 42 is connected to the pneumatic bottle 43 to control the amount of gas in the balloon 45 and further control the amount of liquid accumulated in the pericardium 22, and the pneumatic pump 42 provides pressure to the hose 31 connected to the pericardium 22. When the air is inflated, the balloon 45 is enlarged, and the effusion is extruded into the pericardium 22; when air is leaked, the saccule 45 becomes small, and no effusion exists in the pericardium 22. The pneumatic pump 42 controls the change of the size of the balloon 45, namely the pneumatic bottle 43 is controlled to receive and release gas, and liquid accumulation is generated.

Furthermore, the back of the base unit 1 is provided with an upper isolation layer 13 and a lower isolation layer 13, the upper isolation layer is used for fixing the puncture drainage unit 6, and components such as a puncture needle used in puncture are placed in the puncture drainage unit 6. The lower floor sets up the storage unit 5 that is used for placing the consumptive material, and there is the displaceable foam-rubber cushion on isolation layer 13 both sides, plays the shock attenuation, and is waterproof, support module's effect.

In this embodiment, the connection of the hose 31 of the circulation unit 3 is a screw connection, and a check valve is provided to connect the heart unit 2 and the power pump unit 4, and in addition, a multi-connection shunt can be connected to connect a plurality of hoses in different directions for connecting blood vessels simulating other limb parts.

The liquid accumulation device 46 is further provided with a rotating wheel 47, and the rotating wheel 47 is a part of the hydraulic power pump 41 and provides power for the hydraulic power pump 41. The hose 31 is rubbed by connecting the hydraulic power pump 41 with the circular rotating wheel 47 to generate uniform-speed unidirectional simulated blood flow, and the part has the advantages that the blood flows in a closed environment without an external water tank; the hose 31 worn by the runner 47 can be replaced, and the length of the hose 31 can be increased. The hose 31 is wired around the inner edge of the base unit 1 and clamped in the silica gel clamping groove 14 on the inner edge of the base unit 1, and the silica gel body is tightly attached to the frame of the base epidermis 11 and the sternum 12, so that the invisible ultrasound caused by air is avoided.

Furthermore, the heart 21 and the pericardium 22 are integrally encapsulated in soft silica gel and tightly attached to the epidermis 11 and the sternum 12, so that the invisible ultrasound caused by air influence is avoided.

In this embodiment, the power pump unit 4 further comprises an interface for power-on use, which may be a screw interface. The hydraulic power pump 41 realizes normal blood flow simulation, the hydraulic power pump 41 gives blood flow with uniform speed to the hose 31 clamped therein through the electric rotating wheel 47, and the blood flow simulation can be realized by turning on the switch after the power is on.

The negative pressure of the pneumatic pump 42 is the suction mode, and no effusion exists in the pericardium 22; pneumatic pump 42 is "positive pressure" for the release mode, with an accumulation of fluid within pericardium 22. The amount of accumulated liquid in the pericardium 22 is different, and can be determined by the pressure of the air pressure bottle 43 arranged in the pneumatic pump 42. Under the condition of not puncturing, the repeated recovery of the accumulated liquid can be realized.

In addition, hydrops device 46 is provided with hydrops replenishment port 44 for manual liquid adding, and the hydrops lost by puncturing can be refilled with liquid through hydrops replenishment port 44.

In this embodiment, a tool supply for maintenance of the simulator is placed in the storage unit 5. For example, the puncture needle which can be repeatedly used is matched with the puncture needle and the drainage device which are used conventionally for the simulator, so that the puncture needle can be repeatedly used, and the medical pollution caused by the puncture needle used for a patient can be avoided.

Further, the base unit 1 is externally connected with a power supply 7 for supplying power.

As can be seen from the above, the pericardium 22 puncture simulator under ultrasound guidance according to the present invention may be connected to the heart unit 2 and the power pump unit 4 through the hose 31, or may be connected to other simulation units. The power pump unit 4 can control the amount of liquid loading by adjusting the pressure. The heart 21 pericardium 22 material may be replaced. The utility model discloses can use the environment of simulation normal cardiovascular inspection, inspection of pericardium 22 hydrops and pericardium 22 puncture drainage, it is stronger to use in medical teaching and research.

In specific application, the pericardium 22 puncture simulator has the product specification as follows:

size: according to the upper body standard of adult male

Length, width, height, 45-50cm, 30-40cm, 45-50cm by weight: 10Kg of water

Example 2

The embodiment discloses a using method of a pericardium 22 puncture simulator under ultrasonic guidance, wherein before the simulator is electrified, whether equipment is complete or not is checked, whether connection among modules is tight and fixed or not, the liquid condition in a circulation module and a pneumatic pump 42 and whether the inside of the whole pleuroperitoneal cavity has a water leakage condition or not are checked, and electric shock danger is avoided. The sponge cushion layer on the upper part of the isolation layer 13 is kept dry, so that the ultrasonic imaging is prevented from being interfered, the epidermis 11 is disinfected according to a normal flow and is placed in a supine position, accumulated liquid is guaranteed to be gathered at the cardiac apex part, and the ultrasonic imaging and puncture drainage operation are facilitated; the method comprises the following steps:

(1) a preparation stage:

as shown in fig. 6, the simulator is powered on, the hydraulic power pump 41 drives blood in the blood vessel of the simulator to move at a uniform speed in a one-way manner, whether abnormality exists outside the simulator in the one-way uniform speed running process of the blood is checked, whether water leakage exists or not is mainly checked, and whether the blood flow condition inside the simulator is smooth or not is checked by using an ultrasonic probe;

(2) pericardial effusion stage

As shown in fig. 7, the blood flow is kept smooth, the switch of the pneumatic pump 42 is turned on, the air pressure is adjusted, the power pump unit 4 is kept at positive pressure, the air pressure in the air pressure bottle 43 is adjusted, the balloon 45 is inflated, and the effusion device 46 releases effusion into the pericardium 22; checking whether air leakage and water leakage exist or not and the change condition of the pericardium 22 effusion; adjusting the pneumatic pump 42 to keep the power pump unit 4 at negative pressure, and pumping back the accumulated liquid in the pericardium 22; and examining the pericardium 22 for fluid accumulation within the pericardium 22; this step was repeated three times in order to check the sensitivity and safety of the water pump, the power pump unit 4, and the integrity of the pericardium 22.

(3) Puncture phase

As shown in fig. 8, the anterior chest wall is sterilized, the ultrasound machine is prepared, and the puncture and drainage unit 6 ultrasonically evaluates at least three parts: the distribution of the accumulated fluid in the pericardium 22 is known at the side of the left sternum 12, at the apex of the heart and under the xiphoid process. A lead with silver clips at two ends is connected to the ground wire of the simulator and the puncture needle, and the machine is checked to be free of electric leakage. The above components are placed in the puncture drainage unit 6.

When the pericardium of the simulator is punctured, the simulator is in a supine position, the blood flow of the hose 31 normally flows, the accumulated liquid exists in the pericardium 22, the ultrasonic device is connected between the heart unit 2 and the power pump unit 4 outside the base unit 1, an ultrasonic probe of the ultrasonic device is attached to the epidermis 11, an ultrasonic image is obtained through detection, under the guidance of the ultrasonic image, a puncture needle of the puncture drainage unit 6 penetrates into the epidermis 11 and then enters the pericardium 22 to drain the accumulated liquid to the outside of the epidermis 11. The position of the puncture needle in the simulator body is strictly observed during the puncture, and if the ultrasonic image shows that the simulated heart 21 is obviously shaken and the needle can not be pushed any more, the needle point is shown to puncture the heart 21, and the needle should be withdrawn immediately.

(4) And (3) postoperative operation:

puncture drainage can lead to hydrops device 46 in the hydrops volume reduction, all in time need in time mend liquid through hydrops replenishment mouth 44 after drainage operation at every turn. After each operation is finished, the power is cut off. The puncture drainage unit 6 is collected and returned to the back storage unit 5, the water leakage condition inside the simulator is checked, and the simulator is kept dry. The tightness of the interface between the hose 31 and each module is checked to prevent water leakage. The cleaning and disinfecting operation is carried out according to the clinical practical steps. And storing the simulator in a special box for sealing.

In the above embodiments, the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention have been described in detail, and it should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure as long as the combination does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an ultrasonic-guided pericardial puncture simulator, which comprises a base unit (1), wherein the base unit (1) is a hollow box body, the outer part of the front surface of the base unit (1) is covered with a skin (11), a sternum (12) is arranged in the base unit, the base unit is divided into a thorax position and an abdominal cavity position, the pericardial puncture simulator is characterized by further comprising a heart unit (2) which is positioned in the thorax position and fixed in the sternum (12) and a power pump unit (4) which is positioned in the abdominal cavity position and fixed below the sternum (12), a circulating unit (3) is connected between the heart unit (2) and the power pump unit (,

the heart-shaped blood circulation device is characterized in that a silica gel clamping groove (14) is fixed on the edge of the inner portion of the base unit (1), the heart unit (2) comprises a heart (21) and a pericardium (22) sleeved outside the heart (21), the circulation unit (3) comprises a hose (31) simulating a human body blood vessel, the hose (31) is fixed in the silica gel clamping groove (14), the power pump unit (4) comprises a hydraulic power pump (41) and a pneumatic power pump (42) which are connected, and the pneumatic power pump (42) is externally connected with a liquid accumulation device (46);

the flexible pipe (31) is connected with the heart (21) and the hydraulic power pump (41) to form a closed liquid circulation system, so that blood flow simulation is realized;

the hose (31) is connected with the pericardium (22) and the pneumatic pump (42), and the pneumatic pump (42) and the effusion device (46) jointly provide effusion for the pericardium (22);

the hoses (31) connected with the hydrodynamic pump (41) and the pneumatic pump (42) are independent.

2. The ultrasound-guided pericardial puncture simulator according to claim 1, wherein a balloon (45) connected to a pneumatic pump (42) is disposed inside the effusion device (46), a pneumatic bottle (43) connected to the balloon (45) is disposed outside the effusion device (46), the pneumatic pump (42) is connected to the pneumatic bottle (43) to control an amount of gas inside the balloon (45) and thus an amount of effusion entering the pericardium (22), and the pneumatic pump (42) provides pressure to a hose (31) connected to the pericardium (22).

3. The ultrasound-guided pericardial puncture simulator according to claim 1, wherein the back of the base unit (1) is provided with an upper isolation layer (13) and a lower isolation layer (13), the upper isolation layer is used for fixing the puncture drainage unit (6), and the lower isolation layer is provided with a storage unit (5) for storing consumables.

4. The ultrasound-guided pericardial puncture simulator according to claim 1, wherein the connection of the hose (31) of the circulation unit (3) is a screw connector, and a one-way valve is provided to connect the heart unit (2) and the power pump unit (4).

5. The ultrasound-guided pericardial puncture simulator according to claim 1, wherein the heart (21) and the pericardium (22) are integrally encapsulated in soft silicone and closely attached to the epidermis (11) and the sternum (12).

6. The ultrasound-guided pericardial puncture simulator according to claim 3, wherein the effusion device (46) is provided with an effusion replenishment port (44) for manual liquid filling, and tool supplies for maintenance of the simulator are placed in the storage unit (5).

7. The ultrasound-guided pericardial puncture simulator according to claim 1, wherein the base unit (1) is externally connected with a power supply (7) for power supply.

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