CN212433446U - Optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system - Google Patents
Optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212433446U CN212433446U CN202021384798.1U CN202021384798U CN212433446U CN 212433446 U CN212433446 U CN 212433446U CN 202021384798 U CN202021384798 U CN 202021384798U CN 212433446 U CN212433446 U CN 212433446U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to optics technical field, in particular to optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in the optical waveguide include waveguide basement, the coupling region and return the light region: the light-in area, the light-out area and the light-returning area are arranged on the waveguide substrate, the light-in area is used for coupling in the light beam with the image information, the light-out area is used for coupling out the light beam with the image information, and the light-returning area is used for returning the light beam with the image information to the light-out area in a reverse direction; the coupling-out area comprises at least three side edges, the light return area is arranged on at least one side edge of the coupling-out area, and when the image light beams are transmitted to the edge of the coupling-out area, partial image light beams can reversely transmit back to the coupling-out area under the action of the light return area and then are coupled out to human eyes through the coupling-out area, so that the energy utilization rate of the two-dimensional expanded diffraction light waveguide is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to optics technical field, in particular to optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system.
Background
Currently, in AR (Augmented Reality) devices, the relief grating waveguide technology is gaining wide attention. Due to the convenience of nanoimprint, and compared with other waveguide schemes, the embossed grating waveguide scheme has the advantages of large field of view and large eye movement range, and the embossed grating waveguide scheme is increasingly widely researched.
The existing embossed grating waveguide scheme mainly includes a waveguide scheme based on a one-dimensional grating and a waveguide scheme based on a two-dimensional grating, wherein the two-dimensional grating waveguide scheme includes an optical waveguide substrate, and an incoupling grating and an outcoupling grating which are arranged on the optical waveguide substrate, an image light beam emitted by an image light source is coupled into the optical waveguide substrate through diffraction of the incoupling grating and is propagated in the optical waveguide substrate in a total reflection manner, and the outcoupling grating is used for diffracting and coupling out the image light in the optical waveguide substrate for a user to watch. However, when the image light beam propagates to the edge of the coupled-out grating region, the partial image light beam is not completely coupled out due to the absence of the function of the coupled-out grating, and the energy utilization rate is not good, so that the energy utilization rate of the two-dimensional expanded diffraction optical waveguide is very urgent to improve.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above-mentioned defect of the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a two-dimensional extended diffraction optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system capable of improving energy utilization rate.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an aim at is realized through following technical scheme:
in order to solve the above technical problem, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical waveguide, including a waveguide substrate, a coupling-in region, a coupling-out region, and a light return region:
the coupling-in area, the coupling-out area and the light returning area are arranged on the waveguide substrate, the coupling-in area is used for coupling in the light beam with the image information, the coupling-out area is used for coupling out the light beam with the image information, and the light returning area is used for returning the light beam with the image information to the coupling-out area;
the light coupling-out region comprises at least three side edges, and at least one side edge of the light coupling-out region is provided with the light return region.
In some embodiments, the light return regions are disposed on at least three side edges of the coupling-out region except for an edge facing the coupling-in region.
In some embodiments, of at least three side edges of the coupling-out region, a first side edge faces away from the coupling-in region, and the first side edge is provided with the light return region.
In some embodiments, the first side edge has adjacent second and third side edges, the second and/or third side edges also being provided with the light return area.
In some embodiments, the light returning area is disposed at an edge of the coupling-out area.
In some embodiments, there is a gap between the edge of the coupling-out region and the light return region.
In some embodiments, the width of the light returning region is D, the thickness of the waveguide substrate is D, and the maximum total reflection angle of the light beam when propagating through the waveguide substrate by total reflection is θ, where the three satisfy the following relationship: d > 2D tan θ.
In some embodiments, the surface of the light return area is provided with a coating layer.
In some embodiments, the structure of the coupling-in region is one of a mirror, a prism, a free-form surface structure, a grating structure, a super-surface structure, a volume hologram structure, or a resonant grating structure, and the light return region and the coupling-out region are one of a two-dimensional grating structure, a super-surface structure, a volume hologram structure, or a resonant grating structure.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a near-to-eye display system, including: a micro-projector light engine, and an optical waveguide as described above in relation to the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: being different from the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides an optical waveguide applied to a near-eye display system, the optical waveguide includes a waveguide substrate, a coupling-in region, a coupling-out region, and a light return region: the light-in area, the light-out area and the light-returning area are arranged on the waveguide substrate, the light-in area is used for coupling in the light beam with the image information, the light-out area is used for coupling out the light beam with the image information, and the light-returning area is used for returning the light beam with the image information to the light-out area in a reverse direction; the coupling-out area comprises at least three side edges, the light return area is arranged on at least one side edge of the coupling-out area, and when the image light beams are transmitted to the edge of the coupling-out area, partial image light beams can reversely transmit back to the coupling-out area under the action of the light return area and then are coupled out to human eyes through the coupling-out area, so that the energy utilization rate of the two-dimensional expanded diffraction light waveguide is improved.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by the accompanying figures in the drawings that correspond thereto and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments, wherein elements/modules and steps having the same reference numerals are represented by like elements/modules and steps, unless otherwise specified, and the drawings are not to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide return light region according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Furthermore, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like, used in the present specification are used for the purpose of indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It should be noted that, if not conflicted, the various features of the embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other and are within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, although the functional blocks are divided in the device diagram, in some cases, the blocks may be divided differently from those in the device. Further, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not limit the data and the execution order, but merely distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions.
The optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system of the present invention will be described and illustrated in detail below.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical waveguide, referring to fig. 1, the optical waveguide includes a waveguide substrate 4, a coupling-in region 1, a coupling-out region 2, and a light return region 3: an incoupling area 1, an outcoupling area 2 and a light returning area 3 are arranged on the waveguide substrate 4, the incoupling area 1 is used for incoupling the light beam with image information, the outcoupling area 2 is used for outcoupling the light beam with image information, and the light returning area 3 is used for returning the light beam with image information back to the outcoupling area 2.
The light returning area 3 can be arranged on the surface of the waveguide substrate 4 or inside the waveguide substrate, and can also reversely return the light beam with the image information to the coupling-out area 2.
The structure of the coupling-in area 1 is one of a reflector, a prism, a free-form surface structure, a grating structure, a super-surface structure, a volume holographic structure or a resonance grating structure, and the structures of the coupling-out area 2 and the light returning area 3 are one of a two-dimensional grating structure, a super-surface structure, a volume holographic structure or a resonance grating structure.
Referring to fig. 2, the coupling-out region 2 includes at least three side edges, and a light-returning region 3 is disposed at least one side edge of the coupling-out region 2. In practical applications, the shape of the coupling-in area 1 is not limited to the circular shape shown in the figure, and may be a polygon or an irregular shape; meanwhile, the shape of the coupling-out area 2 is not limited to the polygon shown in the figure, and may be other polygons or irregular shapes, and the shape of the coupling-in area 1 and the shape of the coupling-out area 2 may be set according to actual needs, and need not be restricted to the embodiment of the present invention.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, at least three side edges of the coupling-out area 2 are provided with the light return area 3 at other edges of the coupling-out area 2 except the edge facing the coupling-in area 1. In practical applications, in order to reduce the processing cost and the processing difficulty, the light return region 3 may not be disposed near the edge of the coupling-in region 1.
In other embodiments, referring to fig. 2 again, a first side edge of the at least three side edges of the coupling-out region 2 faces away from the coupling-in region 1, and the first side edge is provided with a light-returning region 3. In practical applications, the light beam with image information can propagate in the waveguide substrate 4 by total reflection, and when the light beam propagates to the edge of the coupling-out region 2, especially at the edge far from the coupling-in region 1, i.e. at the first side edge, the light beam is not completely coupled out due to the effect of the coupling-out region 2, and part of the light beam is not utilized, so as to further reduce the processing cost and the processing difficulty, for at least three side edges of the coupling-out region 2, the light return region 3 can be arranged only at the edge far from the coupling-in region 1, i.e. the light return region 3 can be arranged only at the first side edge.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the first side edge of the coupling-out area 2 has a second side edge and a third side edge which are adjacent to each other, and the second side edge and/or the third side edge is also provided with the light return area 3. In order to further improve the energy utilization efficiency, besides the light return region 3 is arranged at the edge far from the coupling-in region 1, the light return region 3 can be arranged at both the left side edge and the right side edge of the coupling-out region 2, the light return region 3 has a semi-surrounding structure or a structure like Contraband, and in other embodiments, the light return region 3 can be arranged at only the left side edge or the right side edge of the coupling-out region 2 on the basis of the light return region 3 arranged at the edge far from the coupling-in region 1.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, the light returning area 3 may be disposed at the edge of the coupling-out area 2, and in other embodiments, referring to fig. 2 to fig. 4, a gap may exist between the light returning area 3 and the edge of the coupling-out area 2.
In some embodiments, the width of the light returning region 3 is D, the thickness of the waveguide substrate 4 is D, and the maximum total reflection angle of the light beam when propagating through the waveguide substrate 4 by total reflection is θ, the relationship between the three is: d > 2D tan θ.
In some embodiments, the surface of the light returning area 3 is provided with a coating layer, and the coating layer is made of a material with a high refractive index.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in some embodiments, the light returning area 3 is a two-dimensional cylinder structure, the diameter of the cylinder is 200nm, the height of the cylinder is 100nm, and a titanium dioxide film with a thickness of 80nm is coated on the cylinder. The grating period of the light return area 3 is consistent with that of the coupling-out area 2, and the grating direction of the light return area 3 is consistent with that of the coupling-out area 2.
In practical application, the grating structure, size, cycle and the direction of light return region 3 can all set up according to actual need, need not be restricted to the embodiment of the utility model provides a prescribe a limit to.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-to-eye display system, please refer to fig. 1, including: the micro-projector 5 and the optical waveguide according to any of the above embodiments, please refer to the above embodiments for details of the optical waveguide, which are not described herein again, wherein an image source in the micro-projector 5 may be one of LCOS, DMD, OLED, and MEMS.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the light emitted from the micro-projector 5 is coupled into the waveguide substrate 4 through the coupling-in region 1, the light coupled into the waveguide substrate 4 is totally reflected and propagated in the waveguide substrate 4, when the light is propagated to the coupling-out region 2, a part of the light is coupled out of the waveguide substrate 4 through the coupling-out region 2, and is propagated to the human eye 6 for imaging, and after another part of the light reaches the edge of the coupling-out region 2, the light can enter the light return region 3, the light return region 3 can make the light reverse propagation entering the light return region 3 return to the coupling-out region 2, and the light can be coupled out to the human eye 6 again under the effect of the coupling-out region 2, thereby improving the energy utilization rate.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system, wherein, the optical waveguide includes the waveguide basement, the coupling-in region, the coupling-out region and returns the light region: the light-in area, the light-out area and the light-returning area are arranged on the waveguide substrate, the light-in area is used for coupling in the light beam with the image information, the light-out area is used for coupling out the light beam with the image information, and the light-returning area is used for returning the light beam with the image information to the light-out area in a reverse direction; the coupling-out area comprises at least three side edges, the light return area is arranged on at least one side edge of the coupling-out area, and when the image light beams are transmitted to the edge of the coupling-out area, partial image light beams can reversely transmit back to the coupling-out area under the action of the light return area and then are coupled out to human eyes through the coupling-out area, so that the energy utilization rate of the two-dimensional expanded diffraction light waveguide is improved.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments can be combined, steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical waveguide comprising a waveguide substrate, a coupling-in region, a coupling-out region and a light return region:
the coupling-in area, the coupling-out area and the light returning area are arranged on the waveguide substrate, the coupling-in area is used for coupling in the light beam with the image information, the coupling-out area is used for coupling out the light beam with the image information, and the light returning area is used for returning the light beam with the image information to the coupling-out area;
the light coupling-out region comprises at least three side edges, and at least one side edge of the light coupling-out region is provided with the light return region.
2. The optical waveguide of claim 1, wherein at least three edges of the coupling-out region, except for an edge facing the coupling-in region, are provided with the light return regions.
3. The optical waveguide of claim 1, wherein a first side edge of at least three side edges of the coupling-out region faces away from the coupling-in region, the first side edge being provided with the light return region.
4. The optical waveguide of claim 3, wherein the first side edge has adjacent second and third side edges, the second and/or third side edges also being provided with the light return region.
5. The optical waveguide of any of claims 2-4, wherein the light return region is disposed adjacent to an edge of the coupling-out region.
6. The optical waveguide of any of claims 2-4, wherein a gap exists between the edge of the coupling-out region and the light return region.
7. The optical waveguide of claim 1, wherein the width of the light returning region is D, the thickness of the waveguide substrate is D, the maximum total reflection angle of the light beam when propagating through the waveguide substrate by total reflection is θ, and the relationship between the three is: d > 2D tan θ.
8. The optical waveguide of claim 1, wherein the surface of the light return region is coated.
9. The optical waveguide of claim 1, wherein the coupling-in region has one of a mirror, a prism, a free-form surface structure, a grating structure, a super-surface structure, a volume hologram structure, or a resonant grating structure, and the coupling-out region and the light returning region have one of a two-dimensional grating structure, a super-surface structure, a volume hologram structure, or a resonant grating structure.
10. A near-eye display system, comprising: a micro-projector, and an optical waveguide according to any of claims 1-9.
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| CN202021384798.1U CN212433446U (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111679362A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-18 | 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 | Optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system |
| CN113433622A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 北京枭龙科技有限公司 | High light efficiency grating waveguide element |
| CN115166895A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-10-11 | 嘉兴驭光光电科技有限公司 | Display device, diffraction light waveguide for display, and method for designing the same |
-
2020
- 2020-07-14 CN CN202021384798.1U patent/CN212433446U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111679362A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-18 | 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 | Optical waveguide and near-to-eye display system |
| CN113433622A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 北京枭龙科技有限公司 | High light efficiency grating waveguide element |
| CN115166895A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-10-11 | 嘉兴驭光光电科技有限公司 | Display device, diffraction light waveguide for display, and method for designing the same |
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