CN212433311U - Power distribution network overhead line detection device and fault detection system - Google Patents

Power distribution network overhead line detection device and fault detection system Download PDF

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CN212433311U
CN212433311U CN202020549219.8U CN202020549219U CN212433311U CN 212433311 U CN212433311 U CN 212433311U CN 202020549219 U CN202020549219 U CN 202020549219U CN 212433311 U CN212433311 U CN 212433311U
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power
data management
distribution network
detection device
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杨志祥
曾辛
孙勇卫
曹奇
李强
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Weisheng Energy Technology Co ltd
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Wasion Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a distribution network overhead line detection device and fault detection system. An overhead line detection device for a power distribution network, comprising: the device comprises a probe, a temperature acquisition module, an electric field acquisition module, a data management module, a current sampling module, a wireless communication module and a power supply module; the power taking power supply module comprises an over-power protection unit; the electric field acquisition module is respectively connected with the probe and the data management module, and the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature of the probe and is connected with the data management module; the current sampling module and the wireless communication module are respectively connected with the data management module; the power taking power supply module takes power from a power distribution network to supply power to the data management module. The utility model discloses a detection device can guarantee under fault current or the thunderbolt electric current condition, and detection voltage sampling data and current sampling data are still stable, guarantee the data precision of data, improve the speed that the fault point was seeked.

Description

Power distribution network overhead line detection device and fault detection system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a distribution network fault monitoring field especially relates to a distribution network overhead line detection device and fault detection system.
Background
Electric energy is used as a clean and efficient secondary energy, is closely related to national economic construction and daily life of people, and an electric power system for collecting electric energy production, transmission, distribution and consumption is of great importance to various industries as a support industry of the national civilians. With the progress of modern society, the rapid development of economy and the sudden increase of electric loads, higher and higher requirements on the reliability, stability, safety and quality of a power system are put forward.
Along with the construction of a distribution automation system, the fault treatment level of a power distribution network is improved to a certain extent. The single-phase earth fault processing based on the feeder automation technology is applied, but the fault point searching after the fault section is isolated has certain difficulty, so the power supply time for recovering the fault section is still longer. To help operation and maintenance personnel quickly locate a fault point, some fault indicating devices are gradually beginning to be used in power distribution networks, wherein the most typical one is an online monitoring terminal. However, the domestic online monitoring terminal and the use thereof have a plurality of problems: firstly, the method does not have the transient recording performance, and has poor transmission and transformation capacity on high-frequency signals, so that useful fault component information can be lost, and a fault line and a fault section cannot be accurately judged; secondly, the installation conditions are limited, and some online monitoring terminals can only be installed at places with voltage transformers because of the need of line voltage information and no means for measuring the line voltage information; thirdly, the research on the configuration problem of the online monitoring terminal is a blank in China all the time, the method of configuring the fault indicators in various parts of China is generally to install one fault indicator at intervals, so that the installation of a large number of fault indicators has high cost and unobvious improvement on the fault positioning efficiency, and secondly, the online monitoring terminal cannot isolate fault sections and is necessary to research the matching use problem of the online monitoring terminal and the line selection and section selection equipment.
Patent No. ZL 201110285665.8 discloses an online detection method and device for local discharge fault of power transmission and distribution line, it adopts an on-line remote directional focusing pickup/positioning method to capture ultrasonic signals generated in the discharging process, converts the picked ultrasonic signals into sound/electric signals which can be recognized by a detector by a heterodyne method, according to the magnitude or the change of the sound pressure/voltage value, the method can qualitatively and quantitatively judge whether the position with the local discharge fault easy to be sent has the dirty discharge phenomenon, and the intensity of the pollution discharge, so as to determine the intensity of the pollution discharge at the position where the discharge fault is likely to occur and the threat to the system, the system can greatly reduce the cost of labor and regular inspection, reduce the workload of the conventional power failure time, effectively ensure the safe operation of power equipment, save the maintenance cost and improve the power supply reliability.
Therefore, in the conventional distribution line detection device, the response to the surge current signal is not enough, the fault of the distribution line detection device is easy to occur, and the improvement are needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the foregoing prior art's weak point, the utility model aims to provide a distribution network overhead line detection device and fault detection system can realize under fault current or the thunderbolt electric current condition, and the problem that detection device effectively detected guarantees that detection system can accurate location fault point.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
an overhead line detection device for a power distribution network, comprising: the device comprises a probe, a temperature acquisition module, an electric field acquisition module, a data management module, a current sampling module, a wireless communication module and a power supply module; the power taking power supply module comprises an over-power protection unit;
the electric field acquisition module is respectively connected with the probe and the data management module, and the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature of the probe and is connected with the data management module; the current sampling module and the wireless communication module are respectively connected with the data management module; the power-taking power supply module takes power from a power distribution network to supply power to the data management module, and the overpower protection unit is used for performing overload protection on the power-taking power supply.
Preferably, the power-taking power supply module of the power distribution network overhead line detection device further comprises a power-taking unit, a rectifying unit, a charge-discharge control unit and a voltage stabilizing unit; the power taking unit, the rectifying unit, the over-power protection unit, the charge and discharge control unit and the voltage stabilizing unit are sequentially connected in series; and the charging and discharging control unit is connected with the data management module.
Preferably, the power distribution network overhead line detection device includes that the over-power protection unit includes a bleeder, an energy pool, and a bleed protector; the bleeder is connected with the energy pool in parallel; the discharge protector is used for detecting the voltage at two ends of the energy pool and is connected with the discharge device; the bleeder is connected with the rectifying unit, and the bleeder protector is connected with the charge-discharge control unit.
Preferably, the power distribution network overhead line detection device comprises a temperature acquisition module, a temperature detection module and a control module, wherein the temperature acquisition module comprises a thermistor, a divider resistor and a temperature acquisition amplifier; one end of the thermistor is connected with one end of the divider resistor, and the other end of the thermistor is grounded; the other end of the divider resistor is connected with a reference power supply; two input ends of the temperature collecting amplifier are respectively connected with two ends of the thermistor, and the output end of the temperature collecting amplifier is connected with the data management module.
Preferably, the electric field acquisition module of the power distribution network overhead line detection device comprises an electric field capacitor and a field acquisition amplifier; one end of the electric field capacitor is connected with the probe, and the other end of the electric field capacitor is grounded; and two input ends of the field mining amplifier are respectively connected to two ends of the electric field capacitor, and the output end of the field mining amplifier is connected with the data management module.
Preferably, the power distribution network overhead line detection device comprises a current sampling module and a current sampling module, wherein the current sampling module comprises a current transformer and a current sampling amplifier; and two input ends of the flow acquisition amplifier are respectively connected with two output ends of the current transformer, and the output end of the flow acquisition amplifier is connected with the data management module.
Preferably, the probe is provided with a metal support and a connecting rod; the metal support is arranged at one end of the connecting rod and is used for being in contact with the overhead cable; the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the electric field acquisition module.
A power distribution network line fault detection system comprises a data processing terminal and a plurality of detection devices, wherein the data processing terminal is in communication connection with data management modules of the detection devices through wireless communication modules.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a pair of distribution network overhead line detection device and fault detection system, the utility model discloses a detection device can guarantee under fault current or the thunderbolt current condition, and detection voltage sampling data and current sampling data are still stable, guarantee the data precision of data, improve the speed that the fault point was seeked, reduce the difficulty that the operation personnel patrolled the line, reduce distribution network single-phase earth fault continuous operation duration, avoid developing into alternate fault to improve the power supply reliability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a power distribution network overhead line detection device provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the power distribution network overhead line detection device provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the power supply module provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of the power distribution network line fault detection method provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the following description of the present invention will refer to the accompanying drawings and illustrate embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Please refer to fig. 1-3 together, the present invention provides a power distribution network overhead line detection apparatus, which includes: the device comprises a probe 1, a temperature acquisition module 2, an electric field acquisition module 3, a data management module 5, a current sampling module 4, a wireless communication module 7 and a power supply module 6; the power taking power supply module 6 comprises an over-power protection unit;
the electric field acquisition module 3 is respectively connected with the probe 1 and the data management module 5, and the temperature acquisition module 2 is used for acquiring the temperature of the probe 1 and is connected with the data management module 5; the current sampling module 4 and the wireless communication module 7 are respectively connected with the data management module 5; the power-taking power supply module 6 takes power from a power distribution network to supply power to the data management module 5, and the overpower protection unit is used for performing overload protection on the power-taking power supply.
Specifically, in a general situation, the detection device of the present invention is configured to detect current data and voltage data of a phase line, the temperature acquisition module 2, the electric field acquisition module 3, and the current sampling module 4 respectively send detected data to the data management module 5, and the data management module 5 performs corresponding processing (for example, analog-to-digital conversion, storage, etc.) on the detected data of the three modules, and then sends the processed data to the upper device through the wireless communication module 7 for fault detection; the wireless communication module 7 communicates with the upper device to complete data transmission, and a preferred communication method is 4G communication or the like. It should be noted here that, in consideration of the fact that the surge current may cause the device itself to malfunction under abnormal conditions, such as fault overcurrent or lightning current, the power-taking power module 6 in the detection apparatus provided by the present invention has an overpower protection unit, which can protect the device from damage when overcurrent occurs. Preferably, the probe 1 is a metal probe 1 capable of transmitting an electric field; the data management module 5 is an MCU with the model of MSP 432.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the power-taking power supply module 6 further includes a power-taking unit CT2, a rectifying unit V1, a charging and discharging control unit 62, and a voltage stabilizing unit 63; the electricity taking unit CT2, the rectifying unit V1, the over-power protection unit, the charging and discharging control unit 62 and the voltage stabilizing unit 63 are sequentially connected in series; the charge and discharge control unit 62 is connected to the data management module 5. Preferably, the electricity taking unit CT2 is a current transformer, can take electricity from a distribution line, and mainly uses the electricity taking function thereof; the rectifying unit V1 adopts a rectifying circuit structure commonly used in the field, and can adopt a full-wave rectifying circuit; the charging and discharging control unit 62 and the voltage stabilizing unit 63 are all common circuits in the field, and are not specifically limited, and the charging and discharging control unit and the voltage stabilizing unit work cooperatively, so that the current input into the detection device can be ensured to be stable.
Preferably, in this embodiment, to ensure that the over-power protection unit can include a bleeder V2, an energy cell C2, and a bleeder protector 61; the bleeder V2 is connected in parallel with the energy pool C2; the bleeder protector 61 is used for detecting the voltage across the energy cell C2 and is connected with the bleeder V2; the bleeder V2 is connected to the rectifying unit V1, and the bleeder protector 61 is connected to the charge and discharge control unit 62. Preferably, the bleeder V2 is a high-power low-voltage MOS transistor, a source and a drain thereof are respectively connected to two output ends of the rectifying unit V1, and a gate thereof is connected to the bleeder protector 61; the energy pool C2 is a high-capacity farad capacitor and is connected with the bleeder V2 in parallel; the discharge protector 61 is provided with a protection chip D61 and a protection switch K61; the protection chip D61 adopts a Linte LT4320-1 chip, a synchronous lossless circuit and a diode are arranged in the protection chip D61, the voltage at two ends of the energy cell C2 can be detected, and the protection switch K61 is connected with the protection chip D61 according to a detected voltage signal; the protection switch K61 adopts a MOS tube commonly used in the field, can be switched on and off according to the signal of the protection chip D61, and the source and the drain of the protection switch K61 are connected in parallel with the energy cell C2. Preferably, the energy cell C2 is further connected in parallel with a load resistor, which can absorb part of energy to protect the energy cell C2 and prevent the energy cell C2 from being damaged by a large current impact, and the size is set according to specific requirements and is not limited, preferably 100-1000 Ω; additionally, the utility model provides an overpower protection unit except above-mentioned main components and parts, required for example prevent technical scheme such as electric current backward flow (add the diode in relevant position) to and the auxiliary circuit in the circuit, be the commonly used technique in this field, do not do the perusal.
In a general situation, after the power taking unit CT2 takes power from a line, after the power is rectified by the rectifying unit V1, the electric energy passes through the overpower protection unit and then is connected to the charging and discharging control unit 62 to supply power to the detection device, at this time, the bleeder V2 in the overpower protection unit does not operate, that is, it is not necessary to discharge excessive energy, and at the same time, the energy cell C2 charges slowly (because a large amount of electric energy is supplied to the data management module 5 through the charging and discharging control unit 62), when the energy cell C2 is full, the protection chip D61 in the bleeder protector 61 detects that the voltage at two ends of the energy cell C2 reaches a peak value, and sends a level signal (no matter whether high level or low level) to the protection switch K61 to turn on the protection switch K61, at this time, the electric energy does not charge the energy cell C2, the protection switch K61 supplies power to the gate of the bleeder V2, the bleeder V2 is turned on, the electric energy output by the rectifying unit V1 is no longer transmitted backwards, and the electric energy obtained by the electricity taking unit CT2 is discharged through the bleeder V2; at this time, the energy cell C2 is used to supply power, that is, the charging and discharging control unit 62 obtains the electric energy of the energy cell C2 to supply power to the detection device. In the event of a fault, such as an over-current fault or a lightning current, a large current (higher than a normal current) may occur, and at this time, because of the charging and discharging control unit 62 and the voltage stabilizing unit 63, the same discharging control is maintained, and the excess electric energy charges the energy cell C2, and if the duration is not long enough to fill the energy cell C2, the discharge is not required, and if the energy cell C2 is filled, the discharge is required through the above process.
In this embodiment, the temperature acquisition module 2 preferably includes a thermistor, a voltage divider, and a temperature acquisition amplifier; one end of the thermistor is connected with one end of the divider resistor, and the other end of the thermistor is grounded; the other end of the divider resistor is connected with a reference power supply; two input ends of the temperature collecting amplifier are respectively connected with two ends of the thermistor, and the output end of the temperature collecting amplifier is connected with the data management module 5.
As a preferable scheme, in this embodiment, the electric field acquisition module 3 includes an electric field capacitor and a field amplifier; one end of the electric field capacitor is connected with the probe 1, and the other end of the electric field capacitor is grounded; two input ends of the field mining amplifier are respectively connected to two ends of the electric field capacitor, and an output end of the field mining amplifier is connected with the data management module 5.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the current sampling module 4 includes a current transformer and a current sampling amplifier; two input ends of the flow sampling amplifier are respectively connected with two output ends of the current transformer, and the output end of the flow sampling amplifier is connected with the data management module 5.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the probe 1 has a metal holder and a connecting rod; the metal support is arranged at one end of the connecting rod and is used for being in contact with the overhead cable; the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the electric field acquisition module 3. It should be noted here that the shape and material of the probe 1 are not particularly limited so as to realize the overall function of the detection apparatus.
Specifically, temperature acquisition module 2 electric field acquisition module 3 with the collection process that current sampling module 4 used is technical means commonly used in this field, the utility model discloses do not specifically prescribe a limit to, as long as can realize corresponding collection function can, all analog-to-digital conversion work simultaneously by data management module 5 handles, and the process that the analog-to-digital dress traded also is technical means commonly used in this field.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment the utility model provides a detection device only is used for detecting the corresponding data signal of a looks circuit, in other embodiments, can also possess multichannel detected signal, does not limit to this, as long as the temperature acquisition module the electric field acquisition module with the inside a plurality of corresponding detecting element that have of current sampling module can, the utility model discloses do not do the limitation.
Example 2
The utility model also provides a join in marriage electric network line fault detection system, including data processing terminal and a plurality of embodiment 1 detection device, data processing terminal respectively with a plurality of detection device's data management module 5 passes through 7 communication connection of wireless communication module. It should be noted here that what kind of method the data processing terminal uses to process data, obtains the fault portion in the distribution line, and the present invention is not limited in particular. The installation position of the detection device is determined according to field operation and is not specifically determined. In the power distribution network line fault detection system, the detection device is used for detecting data of a single-phase line, so that when the system is actually used, a preset distance is spaced on the single-phase line or a plurality of installation points are set as required, and a specific fault position in the single-phase line can be accurately judged. Specifically, the line fault is a single-phase ground fault.
Correspondingly, a detection method suitable for the power distribution network line fault detection system is also provided, the method is only a better mode for realizing power distribution network line fault detection, and is not the only mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, the detection devices transmit the detected voltage sampling data and current sampling data to the data processing terminal;
s2, the data processing device obtains a voltage sudden change amount according to the voltage sampling data, whether the voltage sudden change amount is larger than a voltage sudden change reference value or not is judged, and if yes, the step S3 is executed; if not, go to step S1; specifically, the formula for calculating the voltage transient is as follows: Δ u (K) ═ u (K) — u (K-1); wherein Δ u (K) is a voltage variation amount; u (K) is voltage sampling data of the current detection period; u (K-1) is voltage sampling data of the last detection period;
s3, the data processing device obtains a current break variable according to the current sampling data, whether the current break variable is between the minimum value of the current break variable and the maximum value of the line-to-ground capacitance current is judged, and if yes, the step S4 is executed; if not, go to step S1; specifically, the formula for calculating the current transient is as follows: delta i (K)I (K) -i (K-1); wherein Δ i (k) is a mutation electric quantity; i (K) is current sampling data of the current detection period; i (K-1) is current sampling data of the last detection period; s4, calculating a correlation coefficient of current sampling data and voltage sampling data in the single-phase line according to the voltage break variable and the current break variable, judging whether the correlation coefficient is smaller than a coefficient threshold value, and if so, judging that a fault part exists; if not, the part is judged to be a sound part. Specifically, the correlation coefficient is obtained by obtaining a voltage mutation amount derivative according to the voltage mutation amount calculation formula, and calculating by using the voltage mutation amount derivative and the current mutation amount; wherein, the calculation formula of the voltage abrupt change variable derivative is as follows: Δ u' (K) ═ u (K) — u (K-1)) × fs/2; wherein Δ u' (K) is a voltage step derivative; u (K) is voltage sampling data of the current detection period; u (K-1) is voltage sampling data of the last detection period; fs is a voltage detection period; the calculation formula of the correlation coefficient is as follows:
Figure BDA0002449590200000061
wherein ρ is a correlation coefficient; x (n) is a derivative Δ u' (K) of the voltage variation, and y (n) is a current variation Δ i (K); and N is the detection number of each detection period, and the voltage sampling data and the current sampling data are the same in number. Preferably, the coefficient threshold is preferably 0, and may be determined as a sound portion when the correlation coefficient is greater than or equal to 0, or may be determined as a faulty portion when the correlation coefficient is less than 0. Here, the fault section is a section where the current flowing direction of the detection means is faulty. If a fault is detected, but when the correlation coefficient of all the sections is greater than 0, the bus fault is detected.
It should be understood that equivalent alterations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and all such alterations and modifications should fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a distribution network overhead line detection device which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a probe, a temperature acquisition module, an electric field acquisition module, a data management module, a current sampling module, a wireless communication module and a power supply module; the power taking power supply module comprises an over-power protection unit;
the electric field acquisition module is respectively connected with the probe and the data management module, and the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature of the probe and is connected with the data management module; the current sampling module and the wireless communication module are respectively connected with the data management module; the power-taking power supply module takes power from a power distribution network to supply power to the data management module, and the overpower protection unit is used for performing overload protection on the power-taking power supply.
2. The power distribution network overhead line detection device of claim 1, wherein the power-taking power module further comprises a power-taking unit, a rectifying unit, a charging and discharging control unit and a voltage stabilizing unit; the power taking unit, the rectifying unit, the over-power protection unit, the charge and discharge control unit and the voltage stabilizing unit are sequentially connected in series; and the charging and discharging control unit is connected with the data management module.
3. The overhead line detection device of the power distribution network of claim 2, wherein the over-power protection unit comprises a bleeder, an energy pool, a bleed guard; the bleeder is connected with the energy pool in parallel; the discharge protector is used for detecting the voltage at two ends of the energy pool and is connected with the discharge device; the bleeder is connected with the rectifying unit, and the bleeder protector is connected with the charge-discharge control unit.
4. The power distribution network overhead line detection device of claim 1, wherein the temperature acquisition module comprises a thermistor, a divider resistor and a temperature acquisition amplifier; one end of the thermistor is connected with one end of the divider resistor, and the other end of the thermistor is grounded; the other end of the divider resistor is connected with a reference power supply; two input ends of the temperature collecting amplifier are respectively connected with two ends of the thermistor, and the output end of the temperature collecting amplifier is connected with the data management module.
5. The power distribution network overhead line detection device of claim 1, wherein the electric field acquisition module comprises an electric field capacitor, a field amplifier; one end of the electric field capacitor is connected with the probe, and the other end of the electric field capacitor is grounded; and two input ends of the field mining amplifier are respectively connected to two ends of the electric field capacitor, and the output end of the field mining amplifier is connected with the data management module.
6. The overhead line detection device of the power distribution network of claim 1, wherein the current sampling module comprises a current transformer and a current sampling amplifier; and two input ends of the flow acquisition amplifier are respectively connected with two output ends of the current transformer, and the output end of the flow acquisition amplifier is connected with the data management module.
7. The overhead line detection device of the power distribution network of claim 1, wherein the probe has a metal holder and a connecting rod; the metal support is arranged at one end of the connecting rod and is used for being in contact with the overhead cable; the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the electric field acquisition module.
8. A power distribution network line fault detection system is characterized by comprising a data processing terminal and a plurality of detection devices according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the data processing terminal is respectively in communication connection with data management modules of the detection devices through wireless communication modules.
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