CN212423133U - Triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie foundation brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie foundation brake device, including four brake beams along radial distribution, wherein all rotate on two brake beams in the middle and connect middle lever, rotate respectively on two brake beams in both sides and be connected with fixed lever, move about the lever, still include bow-shaped pull rod, drag link, rotate through bow-shaped pull rod between fixed lever and the nearest middle lever and be connected, move about between lever and the nearest middle lever and rotate through bow-shaped pull rod and be connected, rotate through drag link between the middle lever of two brake beams in the middle and be connected; both ends of each brake beam are connected with the brake assembly. The utility model discloses be used for solving among the prior art problem that the arresting gear structure of triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie is complicated, manufacturing maintenance is difficult, realize rational utilization spatial structure position, make the purpose that the braking of triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie is simple, transmission efficiency is high.

Description

Triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie foundation brake device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a railway freight car braking field, concretely relates to triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie basis arresting gear.

Background

Compared with a conventional two-axle bogie, the three-axle bogie of the railway wagon has the advantages of more complex structure, more parts and more complex stress of each part. In the prior art, the three-axle bogie has various braking modes and has no uniform braking standard all the time. For the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie, the abrasion between the wheel rim and the inner side of the outer rail can be improved, and the adhesion coefficient of the wheel rail can be improved. However, due to the special structure of the three-axis welding self-guiding radial bogie, the development of the bogie and the corresponding braking device is limited, and in the prior art, three axles are mostly simultaneously used for braking aiming at the braking device of the three-axis welding self-guiding radial bogie, so that the overall structure of the braking device is complex, the manufacturing and maintenance cost is high, and the process is difficult.

In addition, in the prior art, in order to facilitate the brake shoe rotation center to automatically coincide with the wheel center when the vehicle brakes, the brake shoe holder rotation center is usually installed a distance below the horizontal center line of the wheel, and meanwhile, the brake shoe holder rotates by an angle and obliquely points to the wheel center. Thus, the center of gravity of the brake head is not located at the same position as the rotation center of the brake head hanger, and the center of gravity is often located at the front end of the rotation center of the brake head hanger, which is close to the direction of the wheel. This results in a brake head (or the entire brake beam assembly) that, when the vehicle is braked away, produces a moment of gravity on the brake head due to the effect of gravity, which moment of gravity causes the top of the brake head to move towards the wheel and the bottom to move away from the wheel. The result of this movement is often to cause the gap between the head of the brake shoe and the wheel to be small or to be loosely embraced, which in severe cases can cause the top of the brake shoe to be loosely embraced with the wheel, causing the brake shoe to be "headed" to cause the uneven wear phenomenon that the top of the brake shoe is seriously worn and the bottom is slowly worn. The eccentric wear of the brake shoe can bring certain hidden trouble to the running safety of the railway freight car, and meanwhile, the abrasion of the brake shoe is accelerated, and the frequency and the workload of vehicle maintenance are increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie basis arresting gear to the arresting gear structure of triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie among the solution prior art is complicated, the problem of manufacturing and maintenance difficulty, realizes rational utilization spatial structure position, makes the purpose that the braking of triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie is simple, transmission efficiency is high.

The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

a triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie foundation brake device comprises four brake beams distributed along the radial direction, wherein the middle two brake beams are rotatably connected with a middle lever, the two brake beams on two sides are respectively rotatably connected with a fixed lever and a moving lever, the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie foundation brake device also comprises an arched pull rod and a straight pull rod, the fixed lever is rotatably connected with the middle lever closest to the fixed lever through the arched pull rod, the moving lever is rotatably connected with the middle lever closest to the fixed lever through the arched pull rod, and the middle levers of the middle two brake beams are rotatably connected through the straight pull rod; both ends of each brake beam are connected with the brake assembly.

The arresting gear structure to among the prior art triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie is complicated, the problem of manufacturing maintenance difficulty, the utility model provides a triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie basis arresting gear, four brake beams radially distribute along the automobile body in this device for with radial bogie phase-match. For the four brake beams, the two brake beams positioned at the edges of the two sides are respectively and rotatably connected with the fixed lever and the moving lever, and the two brake beams positioned in the middle are respectively and rotatably connected with the middle lever. The fixed lever is rotationally connected with the corresponding middle lever through an arched pull rod, namely that two ends of the arched pull rod are respectively rotationally connected with the fixed lever and the middle lever, and the moving lever is rotationally connected with the corresponding middle lever through the arched pull rod in the same way, namely that two ends of the arched pull rod are respectively rotationally connected with the moving lever and the middle lever; in addition, two ends of the straight pull rod are respectively and rotatably connected to the middle levers at two sides. It can be seen that a group of transmission structures in the present application is composed of the following structures in sequence: the device comprises a fixed lever, an arch pull rod, a middle lever, a straight pull rod, a middle lever, an arch pull rod and a floating lever. The group of transmission structures enables the four brake beams to be linked, and the self-guiding brake effect is achieved. Of course, the present application does not limit the number of sets of the above-described transmission structures. For the technical personnel in the field, the fixed lever belongs to the prior art, the application fully utilizes the matching among the middle lever, the moving lever and the corresponding pull rod to realize the transmission, and then the braking components at the two ends of each braking beam are driven to act, so that the braking of the wheels is realized. In addition, because the axles at the two ends of the three-axle bogie adopt a double-side brake shoe braking mode, the pull rod of the two brake beams connected with the same axle must cross the axle at the end part, and the pull rod of the brake beam connected between the front axle and the rear axle must cross the two cross beam structures of the framework; thus, to take full advantage of the spatial position, the tie rods spanning the end axles are designed as bow tie rods, while the tie rods spanning the frame cross beam structure are designed as drag links.

Furthermore, each brake beam is provided with two struts, and the fixed lever, the middle lever and the moving lever are rotatably connected with the corresponding struts. That is, in the scheme, two groups of transmission structures are arranged, and the two groups of transmission structures respectively correspond to the end shafts on the two sides of the three-shaft bogie. The design idea of this scheme is that the stress environment of three-axle bogie jackshaft is considered different with both ends axle, therefore makes the jackshaft not participate in the implementation of the radial function of bogie and braking function, and then has solved and has let three axletrees participate in the braking simultaneously among the prior art, leads to arresting gear's overall structure complicated, manufacturing cost of maintenance is higher and the problem of process difficulty. The braking principle of the scheme can be regarded as a two-axle bogie with a large wheel base, and the two-axle bogie is simple in mechanical structure and high in transmission efficiency. In addition, two sets of transmission structures constitute two pull rod structures, can make basic brake structural arrangement adapt to the structural style of triaxial bogie, make full use of the structure space position of triaxial bogie rationally.

Furthermore, the fixed lever, the middle lever and the moving lever are provided with an upper pin hole, a middle pin hole and a lower pin hole; wherein:

the upper pin hole of the fixed lever is used for being in pin joint with a fixed lever fulcrum, the middle pin hole of the fixed lever is used for being in pin joint with the bow-shaped pull rod, and the lower pin hole of the fixed lever is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding strut;

the upper pin hole of the middle lever is used for being in pin joint with the straight pull rod, the middle pin hole of the middle lever is used for being in pin joint with the bow-shaped pull rod, and the lower pin hole of the middle lever is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding strut;

the upper pin hole of the moving lever is a free end, the middle pin hole of the moving lever is used for being in pin joint with the bow-shaped pull rod, and the lower pin hole of the moving lever is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding support.

According to the scheme, corresponding rotary connection is realized through pin joint of each node, the three-axle bogie can be fully adapted to the complex structure of the three-axle bogie, and the basic braking device can be arranged in a complex space to ensure that the action is not limited.

Further, the length of the middle lever is smaller than that of the fixed lever and the movable lever; and the distances among the upper pin hole, the middle pin hole and the lower pin hole on the fixed lever, the middle lever and the moving lever are the same. In order to ensure that the change space of the straight pull rod is not too large in the working process of the basic braking device, the length of the middle lever is shortened, and the length of the middle lever is smaller than that of the fixed lever and the moving lever. However, the ratio of the distance between the three holes on the middle lever is kept consistent with the distance between the fixed lever and the moving lever so as to ensure uniform braking multiplying power, and not only can ensure uniform stress on each brake shoe, but also can fully adapt to the requirements of complex structure of the three-axle bogie and limited arrangement space of the basic braking device.

Furthermore, the brake assembly comprises end shafts fixed at two ends of the brake beam, the brake assembly comprises a brake shoe support rotatably connected with the end shafts, a brake shoe support hanger rotatably connected with the brake shoe support, a brake shoe installed on the brake shoe support, and a brake shoe heading automatic adjusting device used for adjusting a gap between the brake shoe and a wheel. The brake beam acts to drive the end shaft to move, the end shaft drives the brake shoe holder to rotate around the brake shoe holder, and then the brake shoe acts to brake or brake the vehicle. In addition, among the prior art, there is the brake shoe problem of partial wear always in railway freight car bogie arresting gear, for this application sets up the automatic adjusting device that the brake shoe was beaten first for adjust the clearance between brake shoe and the wheel, guarantee the brake shoe everywhere and the clearance between the wheel is regional evenly stable all the time.

Furthermore, the automatic brake shoe heading adjusting device comprises a stop iron arranged at the bottom of the brake shoe support hanger, and a guide rod movably penetrating through the stop iron, wherein one end of the guide rod, which is close to the brake shoe support, is connected with the brake shoe support, and an elastic part is sleeved on the guide rod and is positioned at one side of the stop iron, which is close to the brake shoe support; and the connecting position of the guide rod and the brake head is positioned below the connecting position of the brake head hanger and the brake head. This scheme sets up the buting iron in the bottom that the brake head held in the palm hung to make a guide arm activity pass the buting iron, the guide arm is close to the one end that the brake head held in the palm and links to each other with the brake head, thereby when making the brake head hold in the palm to take place to rotate, the guide arm can be followed its axis and be linear motion. The elastic component is established to the cover on the guide arm, and the elastic component is located the one side that the stop iron is close to the brake head, and when the brake head rotated and brakied, the elastic component was compressed, and when the braking was alleviated, the elasticity restoring force of elastic component was used to the brake head. Wherein, the hookup location of guide arm and brake head holds in the palm, be located under the hookup location of brake head hold in the palm hanging with the brake head holds in the palm, when in order to ensure the braking to alleviate, the moment that the restoring force of elastic component produced the brake head holds in the palm, can overcome the moment that brake head holds in the palm gravity production, so as to overcome among the prior art tile support top and paste to the wheel motion, and the bottom then keep away from "virtual armful" or even "the phenomenon of taking one's head" that the wheel motion leads to, thereby solve the inhomogeneous problem in brake shoe top and bottom and wheel clearance, avoid the brake shoe eccentric wear, show improvement hanging brake beam and use reliability and security, reduce the maintenance frequency.

Furthermore, the elastic part is a compression spring, spring pressing plates are arranged at two ends of the elastic part, and the spring pressing plates are sleeved on the guide rod in a sliding mode; one spring pressing plate is in contact with the stop iron, the other spring pressing plate is limited by a positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly can move along the axis of the guide rod; the guide rod comprises a thread section close to the brake head and a light rod section far away from the brake head; the positioning assembly comprises a locking nut and an adjusting nut which are matched with the thread section, and the locking nut is positioned on one side of the adjusting nut, which is far away from the compression spring.

This scheme ensures through the spring clamp plate at both ends that compression spring is in compression state all the time, and the spring clamp plate and the stop iron contact of compression spring one end and can't pass through the stop iron, and the spring clamp plate of the compression spring other end is fixed for the subassembly and is spacing to this ensures the relatively stable reliable of elastic component. When braking, the guide rod passes through the stop iron to do linear motion, and the elastic piece is further compressed due to the blocking of the stop iron, so that the reset force after the braking is released is ensured. In addition, under the normal running condition that the brake is not carried out, because the elastic part is always in a compressed state, the elastic part can always provide a torque for the brake head, the torque can eliminate the torque generated by the gravity of the brake head, and the phenomenon that the brake shoe is worn eccentrically can not occur in the normal running of the railway freight car.

The thread section on the guide rod is matched with the locking nut and the adjusting nut, so that the locking nut and the adjusting nut are ensured to be in stable threaded connection. The polished rod section is convenient for the guide rod to movably pass through the stop iron. Through adjusting the locking moment and the position of adjusting nut in this scheme, can obtain the compressive force when different compression spring receives the compression according to the design requirement to different spring restoring forces when obtaining the braking and alleviating. Therefore, the proper spring restoring force which enables the gap between the top and the bottom of the brake head to be equivalent to the gap between the wheels can be artificially set according to the relation between the gravity center position of the brake head and the rotation center position of the brake head hanger.

Furthermore, the stop iron is an angle iron, one side surface of the angle iron is attached to the brake head hanger, and the other side surface of the angle iron is provided with a through hole for a guide rod to pass through; the guide rod is kept away from the one end of brake head and can be dismantled and connect the locating part, the locating part can't pass the through-hole. This scheme avoids the guide arm to drop from the butcher in through the locating part, and the preferred split pin of locating part.

Furthermore, the guide rod is connected with the brake head support through a fixed shaft, and two ends of the fixed shaft are respectively connected with the brake head support and the guide rod in a rotating mode. The fixed shaft is connected with the brake head and the guide rod in any existing rotary connection mode; when the brake head rotates, the fixed shaft is driven to move, so that the guide rod is driven to move.

Furthermore, a first pin hole and a second pin hole are formed in the brake head hanger, the first pin hole is used for being connected with the framework, and the second pin hole is used for being in pin connection with the brake head hanger. The framework is an existing component of the bogie of the railway wagon, and is not described in detail herein. The brake head support hanger is provided with a second pin hole, and the corresponding brake head support is provided with a circular through hole matched with the second pin hole, so that the second pin hole of the brake head support hanger can be conveniently aligned and then installed on the pin shaft at the end part of the brake beam together.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following advantage and beneficial effect have:

1. the utility model relates to a triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie basis arresting gear, the atress environment of considering triaxial bogie jackshaft is different with both ends axle, therefore makes the jackshaft not participate in the implementation of radial function of bogie and braking function, and then has solved and has let three axletrees participate in the braking simultaneously among the prior art, leads to arresting gear's overall structure complicated, makes the problem that cost of maintenance is higher and the process is difficult. This application mechanical structure is simple and transmission efficiency is high, and two sets of transmission structures constitute two pull rod structures, can make basic arresting gear structural arrangement adapt to the structural style of triaxial bogie, the structure spatial position of abundant rational utilization triaxial bogie.

2. The utility model relates to a triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie basis arresting gear though avoid middle axletree to participate in the braking, has nevertheless guaranteed unified braking multiplying power, can enough ensure that the atress is even on each brake shoe, and the triaxial bogie structure that can fully adapt to simultaneously is complicated, and basic arresting gear arranges the limited requirement in space.

3. The utility model relates to a triaxial welding self-steering radial bogie basis arresting gear utilizes brake block support and brake block support to hang the characteristics of alleviating in-process relative motion at vehicle braking and braking, through at brake block support and brake block support install compression spring between hanging, the characteristic of restitution of make full use of spring makes brake shoe and wheel clearance tend to unanimity when the operating mode is alleviated in the vehicle braking to solve traditional suspension type brake beam brake shoe "beat the head" eccentric wear phenomenon.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a brake beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an arched pull rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a drag link according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a brake assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a brake head carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic partial view of an automatic adjusting device for brake shoe heading according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the working principle of the automatic adjusting device for brake shoe heading according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-a brake beam; 2-fixing a lever fulcrum; 3-fixing the lever; 4-an arched pull rod; 5-intermediate lever; 6-a drag link; 7-a traveling lever; 8-automatic adjusting device for brake shoe heading; 9-brake shoe; 10-brake head; 11-a brake head crane; 12-an end shaft; 13-a pillar; 14-a stop iron; 15-flat cotter pin; 16-brake shoe bolt, 17-guide rod, 18-elastic piece, 19-spring pressure plate, 20-locking nut, 21-adjusting nut, 22-through hole, 23-limiting piece, 24-fixed shaft, 25-first pin hole and 26-second pin hole.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples and drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are only used for explaining the present invention, and are not intended as limitations of the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in figures 1 and 2, the foundation brake device of the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie adopts a double-side brake shoe suspension type brake of wheel sets at two ends, a plate-beam type brake beam double-pull rod structure and no brake of a middle wheel set. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the brake shoe comprises a plate beam type brake beam 1, a fixed lever fulcrum 2, a fixed lever 3, an arch pull rod 4, a middle lever 5, a drag link 6, a traveling lever 7, a brake shoe heading automatic adjusting device 8, a high friction combined brake shoe 9, a brake shoe holder 10 and a brake shoe holder hanger 11.

As shown in fig. 2, the main beam of the brake beam 1 is a plate-type straight brake beam, two sides of the center of the straight brake beam are symmetrically riveted with one strut 13, and two end surfaces are welded with end shafts 12 along the longitudinal surface; the brake shoe holder 10 is of a casting structure, the back of the brake shoe holder is of a double-wall web plate groove type structure, a circular through hole is formed in the middle of each of two webs, the brake shoe holder and hanger assembly 11 is installed between the two web plate holes, the end shaft 12 also penetrates through a middle hole of the brake shoe holder and hanger assembly 11, and a flat cotter pin 15 is inserted into a square groove in the end part of the end shaft 12 to position the part; the brake shoe 9 is mounted to the brake head 10 by a brake shoe pin 16.

The brake head hanger 11 is an L-shaped forging structure, the top of the brake head hanger is provided with a mounting hole for mounting on a framework, the middle of the brake head hanger is provided with a hole connected with the brake head hanger 10, and a bottom rod piece is welded with a stop iron 17 for mounting the brake shoe heading automatic adjusting device 8. The automatic brake shoe heading adjusting device 8 is of a spring push rod structure, and can effectively avoid uneven thickness abrasion caused by uneven clearance between the high friction composite brake shoe 9 and a wheel in the working process.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, since the double-sided brake shoe type is adopted on the two end axles of the three-axle bogie, the pull rod connecting the two brake beams 1 on the same axle must cross the end axle, and the pull rod connecting the brake beams 1 between the front and rear axles must cross the two cross beam structures of the frame. In order to fully utilize the space position, the pull rod crossing the axle at the end part is designed into an arched pull rod 4 structure so as to prevent the interference with the axle during working; and the pull rod crossing the framework cross beam structure is designed into a straight pull rod 6 structure.

In order to prevent the change space of the straight pull rod 6 from being too large in the working process of the basic brake device, the length of the middle lever 5 is relatively shortened, but the ratio of the distance of the three holes on the straight pull rod is kept consistent with that of the fixed lever 3 and the moving lever 7, so that the uniform brake multiplying power is ensured. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the fixed lever 3, the middle lever 5 and the moving lever 7 are all provided with an upper pin hole, a middle pin hole and a lower pin hole; wherein:

an upper pin hole of the fixed lever 3 is used for being in pin joint with the fixed lever fulcrum 2, a middle pin hole of the fixed lever 3 is used for being in pin joint with the arch-shaped pull rod 4, and a lower pin hole of the fixed lever 3 is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding strut 13;

an upper pin hole of the middle lever 5 is used for being in pin joint with the straight pull rod 6, a middle pin hole of the middle lever 5 is used for being in pin joint with the arch-shaped pull rod 4, and a lower pin hole of the middle lever 5 is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding strut 13;

the upper pin hole of the moving lever 7 is a free end, the middle pin hole of the moving lever 7 is used for being in pin joint with the arch-shaped pull rod 4, and the lower pin hole of the moving lever 7 is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding support 13.

Wherein, the length of the middle lever 5 is less than the length of the fixed lever 3 and the moving lever 7; and the distances among the upper pin hole, the middle pin hole and the lower pin hole on the fixed lever 3, the middle lever 5 and the moving lever 7 are the same.

The key technology of the embodiment is that a hanging type double-end axle double-side brake shoe brake is adopted, a middle axle non-brake form is adopted, a plate beam type brake beam and a double-pull-rod structure are adopted, pull rods at two ends are of an arch structure, a middle pull rod is of a straight rod structure, a gap adjusting device for preventing brake shoe heading is arranged between each brake shoe support and the brake shoe support hanger, and therefore in a basic brake device of a three-axle bogie, each brake rod system fully utilizes bogie space, braking and relieving are effectively implemented, and a large flexible space can be achieved with an upper interface of a vehicle body.

Example 2:

on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the brake assembly of this embodiment includes end shafts 12 fixed at both ends of the brake beam 1, the brake assembly includes a brake head 10 rotatably connected to the end shafts 12, a brake head hanger 11 rotatably connected to the brake head 10, a brake shoe 9 mounted on the brake head 10, and a brake shoe heading automatic adjusting device 8, and the brake shoe heading automatic adjusting device 8 is used for adjusting a gap between the brake shoe and a wheel.

The automatic brake shoe heading adjusting device 8 comprises a stop iron 14 arranged at the bottom of a brake head hanger 11, and a guide rod 17 movably penetrating through the stop iron 14, wherein one end of the guide rod 17, which is close to the brake head hanger 10, is connected with the brake head hanger 10, an elastic part 18 is sleeved on the guide rod 17, and the elastic part 18 is positioned on one side of the stop iron 14, which is close to the brake head hanger 10; the connecting position of the guide rod 17 and the brake head 10 is positioned below the connecting position of the brake head hanger 11 and the brake head 10. The elastic part 18 is a compression spring, two ends of the elastic part 18 are provided with spring pressing plates 19, and the spring pressing plates 19 are slidably sleeved on the guide rod 17; one of the spring pressing plates 19 is in contact with the stop iron 14, and the other spring pressing plate 19 is limited by a positioning assembly which can move along the axis of the guide rod 17; the guide rod 17 comprises a threaded section close to the brake head 10 and a polished rod section far away from the brake head 10; the positioning assembly comprises a locking nut 20 and an adjusting nut 21 which are matched with the threaded section, wherein the locking nut 20 is positioned on one side, away from the compression spring, of the adjusting nut 21.

The stop iron 14 is an angle iron, one side surface of the angle iron is attached to the brake shoe support hanger 11, and the other side surface is provided with a through hole 22, wherein the through hole 22 is used for a guide rod 17 to pass through; one end of the guide rod 17, which is far away from the brake head 10, is detachably connected with a limiting piece 23, and the limiting piece 23 cannot pass through the through hole 22. The guide rod 17 is connected with the brake head 10 through a fixing shaft 24, and two ends of the fixing shaft 24 are respectively connected with the brake head 10 and the guide rod 17 in a rotating mode. The brake head hanger 11 is provided with a first pin hole 25 and a second pin hole 26, the first pin hole 25 is used for connecting with a framework, and the second pin hole 26 is used for pin joint with the brake head 10. The stopper 23 is a cotter pin.

Wherein, through adjusting the locking moment and the position of the adjusting nut 21, the compression force when different compression springs are compressed can be obtained according to the design requirements, thereby obtaining different spring restoring forces when the brake is relieved. Thus, the proper spring restoring force for matching the gap between the top and bottom of the brake head 10 and the wheel can be selected according to the relationship between the position of the center of gravity of the brake head 10 and the position of the center of rotation of the brake head hanger 11.

When the vehicle is braked, the brake head hanger 11 and the brake head 10 rotate relatively, and the length of a compression spring between an adjusting nut 21, a locking nut 20 and a stop iron 14 is compressed; when the vehicle is braked and relieved, as shown in fig. 4, the compression spring generates a restoring force, and the restoring force generates a torque M2 opposite to the direction of the moment M1 generated by the gravity on the lower side of the gravity center of the brake head 10, so that the bottom of the brake head 10 moves towards the direction close to the wheel and the head moves away from the wheel, thus the clearance between each part of the brake head 10 and the wheel tends to be balanced, and the phenomenon of partial head hitting of the brake shoe caused by the fact that the top is attached to the wheel under the action of the gravity is avoided.

The assembling method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

s1, pin-jointing the brake head 10 with the brake head hanger 11, and connecting the top of the brake head hanger 11 to the framework;

s2, assembling the elastic part 18 on the guide rod 17, and adjusting the initial length of the elastic part 18;

s3, enabling the tail part of the guide rod 17 to penetrate through the stop iron 14, and enabling the elastic piece 18 to be pressed against the stop iron 14;

and S4, connecting the head of the guide rod 17 with the brake head 10.

Wherein the step of fitting the elastic member 18 on the guide bar 17 includes:

s201, sleeving a compression spring on a guide rod 17 through two spring pressing plates 8;

s202, sequentially screwing an adjusting nut 21 and a locking nut 20 into the threaded section at the head of the guide rod 17, controlling the position of the adjusting nut 21, and pushing the compression spring against the stop iron 14 to realize the adjustment of the initial length of the compression spring;

s203, the lock nut 20 is fastened to the outside of the adjustment nut 21, and the position of the adjustment nut 21 is fixed.

Preferably, the step of attaching the head of the guide bar 17 to the brake head 10 includes: the fixed shaft 24 is inserted into a round hole at the head of the guide rod 17, the fixed shaft 24 is connected with the guide rod 17 by a pin through a washer and a cotter pin, and the other end of the fixed shaft 24 is inserted into a small hole at the bottom of a web plate of the brake head 10 for pin connection.

In the embodiment, the characteristic that the brake head 10 and the brake head hanger 11 move relatively in the process of vehicle braking and braking relief is utilized, the compression spring is arranged between the brake head 10 and the brake head hanger 11, the elastic reset force of the spring is fully utilized to enable the gap between the brake shoe 10 and the wheel to be consistent when the working condition is relieved by vehicle braking, and therefore the eccentric wear phenomenon of the traditional suspension type brake beam brake shoe head is avoided. The embodiment has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small number of parts and convenience in manufacturing, installation and overhaul. The embodiment can improve the use reliability and safety of the hanging brake beam, particularly reduce the hidden trouble caused by the eccentric wear of the brake shoe to the traffic safety, simultaneously reduce the monitoring frequency and the maintenance frequency of the application condition of the bogie brake shoe, reduce the abrasion rate of the brake shoe and improve the economic benefit of vehicle application departments.

The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Further, the term "connected" used herein may be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without being particularly described.

Claims (10)

1. A triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie foundation brake device is characterized by comprising four brake beams (1) distributed along the radial direction, wherein the middle two brake beams (1) are rotatably connected with a middle lever (5), the two brake beams (1) at two sides are respectively rotatably connected with a fixed lever (3) and a moving lever (7), the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie foundation brake device further comprises an arched pull rod (4) and a straight pull rod (6), the fixed lever (3) is rotatably connected with the middle lever (5) closest to the fixed lever through the arched pull rod (4), the moving lever (7) is rotatably connected with the middle lever (5) closest to the fixed lever through the arched pull rod (4), and the middle levers (5) of the middle two brake beams (1) are rotatably connected through the straight pull rod (6); two ends of each brake beam (1) are connected with the brake assembly.

2. The foundation brake device of the triaxial welded self-steering radial bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that two pillars (13) are provided on each brake beam (1), and the fixed lever (3), the intermediate lever (5) and the traveling lever (7) are rotatably connected with the corresponding pillars (13).

3. The foundation brake device of the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixed lever (3), the middle lever (5) and the floating lever (7) are provided with an upper pin hole, a middle pin hole and a lower pin hole; wherein:

an upper pin hole of the fixed lever (3) is used for being in pin joint with the fixed lever fulcrum (2), a middle pin hole of the fixed lever (3) is used for being in pin joint with the bow-shaped pull rod (4), and a lower pin hole of the fixed lever (3) is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding support column (13);

the upper pin hole of the middle lever (5) is used for being in pin joint with the straight pull rod (6), the middle pin hole of the middle lever (5) is used for being in pin joint with the bow-shaped pull rod (4), and the lower pin hole of the middle lever (5) is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding support column (13);

the upper pin hole of the moving lever (7) is a free end, the middle pin hole of the moving lever (7) is used for being in pin joint with the arch-shaped pull rod (4), and the lower pin hole of the moving lever (7) is used for being in pin joint with the corresponding support (13).

4. The three-axis welded self-steering radial bogie basic brake device according to claim 3, characterized in that the length of the intermediate lever (5) is smaller than the length of the fixed lever (3), the free lever (7); and the distances among the upper pin hole, the middle pin hole and the lower pin hole on the fixed lever (3), the middle lever (5) and the moving lever (7) are the same.

5. The basic brake device of the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that the brake assembly comprises end shafts (12) fixed at both ends of the brake beam (1), the brake assembly comprises a brake head (10) rotatably connected with the end shafts (12), a brake head hanger (11) rotatably connected with the brake head (10), a brake shoe (9) installed on the brake head hanger (10), and an automatic brake shoe heading adjusting device (8), wherein the automatic brake shoe heading adjusting device (8) is used for adjusting the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel.

6. The basic brake device of the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie according to claim 5, wherein the brake shoe heading automatic adjusting device (8) comprises a stop iron (14) arranged at the bottom of the brake head hanger (11), a guide rod (17) movably penetrating through the stop iron (14), one end of the guide rod (17) close to the brake head hanger (10) is connected with the brake head hanger (10), an elastic member (18) is sleeved on the guide rod (17), and the elastic member (18) is positioned at one side of the stop iron (14) close to the brake head hanger (10); the connecting position of the guide rod (17) and the brake head (10) is positioned below the connecting position of the brake head hanger (11) and the brake head (10).

7. The foundation brake device of the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie according to claim 6, wherein the elastic member (18) is a compression spring, spring pressing plates (19) are arranged at two ends of the elastic member (18), and the spring pressing plates (19) are slidably sleeved on the guide rods (17); one spring pressing plate (19) is in contact with the stop iron (14), the other spring pressing plate (19) is limited by a positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly can move along the axis of the guide rod (17); the guide rod (17) comprises a threaded section close to the brake head (10) and a polished rod section far away from the brake head (10); the positioning assembly comprises a locking nut (20) and an adjusting nut (21) which are matched with the thread section, and the locking nut (20) is positioned on one side, away from the compression spring, of the adjusting nut (21).

8. The foundation brake device of the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie according to claim 6, wherein the stop iron (14) is an angle iron, one side surface of the angle iron is attached to the brake head hanger (11), and the other side surface of the angle iron is provided with a through hole (22), and the through hole (22) is used for a guide rod (17) to pass through; one end of the guide rod (17) far away from the brake head (10) is detachably connected with a limiting part (23), and the limiting part (23) cannot penetrate through the through hole (22).

9. The basic brake device of the triaxial welded self-guiding radial bogie according to claim 6, wherein the guide rod (17) is connected with the brake head (10) through a fixed shaft (24), and two ends of the fixed shaft (24) are respectively connected with the brake head (10) and the guide rod (17) in a rotating manner.

10. The basic brake device of the triaxial welding self-guiding radial bogie according to claim 6, wherein the brake head hanger (11) is provided with a first pin hole (25) and a second pin hole (26), the first pin hole (25) is used for connecting with a frame, and the second pin hole (26) is used for pin-jointing with the brake head (10).

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