CN212422826U

CN212422826U - Dual-purpose eight of public railway drive traction engine

Info

Publication number: CN212422826U
Application number: CN202021032201.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 岳公华; 岳浩然; 曹平先; 岳亮; 朱绍华; 赵克卿; 董元珂
Original assignee: Shandong Yuehua Energy Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Yue Gonghua
Priority date: 2020-06-08
Filing date: 2020-06-08
Publication date: 2021-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-08

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of highway and railway dual-purpose traction locomotives, in particular to a highway and railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive, which comprises an eight-wheel drive transmission device, a brake device, a balance device, a guide wheel lifting device and a work video system, the utility model provides a highway and railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive which can realize highway and railway dual-purpose traction locomotive eight-wheel drive, increase the friction area with steel rails and ground, increase the friction force with steel rails and ground, and improve the traction capacity under the condition of unchanged engine power; the capacity of the highway and railway dual-purpose traction locomotive on a severe road surface can be increased, the difficulty-escaping capacity, the climbing capacity and the stability on a wet and slippery road surface are enhanced, and meanwhile, the highway and railway dual-purpose traction locomotive still has considerable maneuverability when the road surface turns, so that a better traction effect is realized.

Description

Dual-purpose eight of public railway drive traction engine

Technical Field

The utility model discloses a belong to the dual-purpose traction engine technical field of public railway, concretely relates to dual-purpose eight of public railway drive traction engine.

Background

A highway-railway dual-purpose tractor series product is widely applied to special railway lines such as electric power, metallurgy, chemical engineering, building materials, ports, logistics, small goods yards and the like, and production and construction units of railway station sections, locomotive service sections, motor train sections, subways and engineering bureaus, replaces the traditional traction mode, and has a brand new design concept which makes some users surprise and exceed the value.

The running road surface of the road-railway dual-purpose traction locomotive has the conditions of bumpiness, multiple slopes, wet and slippery ground with organic oil or rain, snow, multiple bends and the like, the working environment is severe, the current road-railway dual-purpose traction locomotive is driven by two wheels or four wheels, and the situations of slipping, being trapped and unable to pass through barriers, poor climbing capability and the like often occur when the road surface runs; in addition, the contact friction area between the two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive road and rail tractor is small, the friction force is small, the capability of the engine can not be fully exerted, and the traction capability is not favorably improved. Some enterprises research and develop a road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive for solving the problems, but the eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive has large distance between the front axle and the rear axle, large turning radius and poor maneuverability when turning on a road surface.

The traveling support mechanism of the domestic track tractor generally adopts a bogie structure, the bogie directly bears the dead weight and the load of a vehicle body, the vehicle is guided to run along a track, and the vehicle body can rotate for a certain angle in the horizontal plane relatively, so that the vehicle can turn smoothly, and the buffering vibration damper is arranged, so that the vibration impact generated when the vehicle runs can be relieved, and the track unevenness at two sides can be adapted. But the bogie has complex structure, large volume and high cost, and is not suitable for a low-speed rail traction device.

The cab of the highway and railway dual-purpose locomotive is positioned in the middle, a driver in the cab can only observe the running conditions of the front and the rear of the locomotive by depending on windows on two sides of the cab, when the highway and railway dual-purpose traction locomotive is developed to eight drives from two drives/four drives, the length of the locomotive is increasingly large, the driver in the cab is more and more difficult to observe and put down a guide wheel from the cab outwards, and the operation method has great potential safety hazards, so that serious accidents such as derailment and turnover of the locomotive can be caused, and serious casualties are caused; for safety, the driver's cab crew needs to get off the vehicle to the guide wheel for observation and confirmation after the cab operation, and then return to the cab operation, and the operation can be completed by repeating the operation for several times.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a to foretell problem, provide a dual-purpose eight of public railway and drive the traction engine.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be: a road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive comprises a front frame, a rear frame, a transmission device, a braking device, a balancing device, a guide wheel lifting device and a working video system, wherein the front frame and the rear frame are hinged through a hinge pin shaft; the two pairs of rear wheels are also arranged in front and back, and are respectively a first rear wheel and a second rear wheel; an output shaft of the gearbox extends forwards and backwards at the same time, extends forwards to form the front transmission shaft and extends backwards to form the rear transmission shaft; the transfer device consists of a transfer device I and a transfer device II, an input shaft of the transfer device I is a rear transmission shaft, an output shaft of the transfer device I is a transmission shaft III and a transmission shaft IV respectively, and the transmission shaft III and the transmission shaft IV are in backward transmission; the input shaft of the transfer device II is a front transmission shaft, the output shaft of the transfer device II is a transmission shaft five and a transmission shaft six, and the transmission shaft five and the transmission shaft six are in forward transmission; universal joints are arranged on the front transmission shaft, the rear transmission shaft, the third transmission shaft, the fourth transmission shaft, the fifth transmission shaft and the sixth transmission shaft; the third transmission shaft, the fourth transmission shaft, the fifth transmission shaft and the sixth transmission shaft are connected with a differential mechanism at one end far away from the transfer device, and the differential mechanism is connected with a wheel-side speed reducer through a half shaft;

the lifting device comprises a fixed plate, a lifting arm and a hydraulic cylinder II, wherein the fixed plate is positioned above two ends of the first drive axle and fixedly connected with the first drive axle, the lower end of the lifting arm is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the fixed plate, one hydraulic cylinder II is respectively arranged on two longitudinal sides of each lifting arm, and the lower end of a piston of each hydraulic cylinder II is connected with the upper surface of the fixed plate in a pin mode.

Preferably, the balancing device is a double-swing-frame balancing device above a rear frame drive axle and comprises a swing frame and a swing frame; the swinging frame comprises two pairs of transverse plates which are parallel to each other, a transverse swinging hole is formed between each pair of transverse plates, and a second pin shaft hole is formed in the middle of each transverse plate; the swing frame comprises two transverse swing plates and two bottom fixing plates, the transverse swing plates are parallel to each other, the transverse swing plates are in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', the middle positions of the transverse swing plates are provided with first pin shaft holes, the bottom fixing plates are arranged at two transverse ends of the transverse swing plates, and the transverse swing plates are fixedly connected with the bottom fixing plates; the two bottom fixing plates are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper surfaces of the two transverse ends of the drive axle housing, the transverse swinging plates are positioned in the transverse swinging holes, and a first pin shaft hole in the middle of each transverse swinging plate is aligned with second pin shaft holes in the middle of a pair of transverse plates on two longitudinal sides and movably connected by a pin shaft; the transverse plates are perpendicular to the inner surface of the rear frame and are fixedly connected with the inner surface of the rear frame, and the two pairs of transverse plates are respectively positioned above the two longitudinal sides of the drive axle housing; the transverse span of the horizontal swinging plate is larger than the length of the transverse plate; when the driving axle housing is horizontal, the bevel edges on two sides of the transverse swinging plate are not contacted with the rear frame.

Preferably, the brake device is a straight-through air brake device, and comprises an air compressor, a main air reservoir, a brake pipe, a brake valve and brake cylinders of all carriages, wherein the air compressor is arranged at the upper part of the front frame.

Preferably, the working video system comprises a computer host, a display screen, a system power supply, a video acquisition card and eight infrared color cameras, wherein the eight infrared color cameras are a front guide wheel one camera, a front guide wheel two camera, a rear guide wheel one camera, a rear guide wheel two camera, a front coupler camera, a rear coupler camera, a seventh camera and an eighth camera on the two transverse sides of a drive axle I; the output of the infrared color camera is transmitted to a computer host through the video acquisition card, the computer host is externally connected with a display screen, and the display screen and the computer host are arranged in a cab of the traction locomotive.

Preferably, the guide wheel lifting device comprises a front guide wheel, a rear guide wheel, an axle, a lifting arm and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein a sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer part of the part, between the guide wheels, of the axle, the sleeve is in a rectangular tube shape, and the outer surface of the axle is tangent to the inner surface of the sleeve; the lifting arm is provided with a bearing frame, and the bearing frame can be matched with the sleeve; the lifting arm is arranged in the guide frame and can slide up and down in the guide frame, and pin holes are formed in the upper ends of the guide frame and the lifting arm.

Preferably, the second transfer device is a transfer case.

Preferably, the first transfer device is a transfer case; or the transfer case I comprises two gears which are meshed with each other, the two gears are respectively arranged on the rear transmission shaft and the transmission shaft IV, the rear transmission shaft and the transmission shaft III are coaxial, and the transmission shaft IV is parallel to the transmission shaft III.

Preferably, the differential and the final drive form an assembly.

Preferably, the solid flat tire on the front wheel, the middle wheel and the rear wheel is further included, the solid flat tire comprises a rim contact surface and an outer tread, the longitudinal sections of the rim contact surface and the outer tread are both circular, the outer tread comprises an outer tread, an inner tread and a longitudinal groove, and the inner tread is composed of a straight running friction surface and a turning friction surface; the tread is free of tread patterns other than the longitudinal grooves.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an advantage lies in with positive effect: the utility model provides a dual-purpose eight of public railway drive traction engine, (1) can realize the dual-purpose traction engine eight wheel drive of public railway, increased the friction area of dual-purpose tractor of public railway and rail/ground, increased the frictional force with rail/ground, thereby promote the tractive ability; (2) the main speed reduction and the wheel-side speed reducer are used for realizing two-stage speed reduction of the wheel, so that the large speed ratio is realized, the wheel torque is improved, and the traction capacity is improved; (3) the passing capacity of the highway and railway dual-purpose traction locomotive on a severe road surface can be increased, the difficulty-escaping capacity, the climbing capacity and the stability on a wet and slippery road surface are enhanced, and meanwhile, the highway and railway dual-purpose traction locomotive still has considerable maneuverability when the road surface turns, so that the advantages are raised, the disadvantages are avoided, and the traction requirement is better met; (4) the double-swing-frame balancing device for the road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive is simple in structure, small in size and low in cost, and can be independently used above each drive axle without influencing the maneuverability of the tractor; (5) the working video system is used for retracting and releasing the guide wheels and the floating bridge and carrying out locomotive hooking, so that the efficiency is high, and potential safety hazards are reduced.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiment will be briefly introduced below, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive for highway and railway, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive for highway and railway, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device for highway and railway, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transmission principle of a gearbox of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first transfer device, fig. 6 is another schematic diagram of a first transfer device, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a differential mechanism, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a wheel-side reducer of the present invention, fig. 9 is a floating bridge device of the present invention, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a double-swing-frame balancing device of the present invention, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a swing frame of the present invention, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of, fig. 14 is the utility model discloses a leading wheel elevating gear schematic diagram, fig. 15 is the utility model discloses a lifting arm schematic diagram, fig. 16 is the utility model discloses a solid flat tire schematic diagram, fig. 17 is the utility model discloses a solid flat tire tread enlarger, fig. 18 is the utility model discloses a transfer device two schematic structure.

1-a transmission case, 2-a transfer case one, 3-a transfer case two, 4-a rear transmission shaft, 5-a transmission shaft three, 6-a differential, 7-a half shaft, 8-a rear wheel two, 9-a torque converter, 10-an engine, 11-a front wheel one, 12-a front wheel two, 13-a rear wheel one, 14-a front transmission shaft, 15-a transmission shaft four, 16-a transmission shaft five, 17-a transmission shaft six, 18-a universal joint, 19-a front guide wheel, 20-a rear guide wheel, 21-a front frame, 22-a rear frame, 23-a wheel reduction gear, 24-a swing frame, 25-a swing frame, 26-a drive axle housing, 27-a main frame, 28-a video integration card, 29-a system power supply, 30-a front guide wheel one camera, 31-a front guide wheel two camera, 32-a rear guide wheel one camera, 33-a rear guide wheel two camera, 34-a front coupler camera, 35-a rear camera, 36-an axle, 37-lifting arm, 38-hydraulic cylinder one, 39-sleeve, 40-bearing frame, 41-guide frame, 42-pin hole, 43-tread, 44-transaxle one, 45-floating bridge device, 46-air compressor, 47-cab, 48-display screen, 49-camera eight, 50-camera seven, 241-second pin hole, 242-transverse plate, 243-swing hole, 251-transverse swing plate, 252-bottom fixing plate, 253-first pin hole, 431-outside tread, 432-turning friction surface, 433-straight friction surface, 434-longitudinal groove.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.

Example 1

A road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a front frame 21, a rear frame 22, a transmission device, a braking device, a balancing device, a guide wheel lifting device, a floating bridge device and a working video system, wherein the front frame 21 (with the length of 4.8m) and the rear frame 22 (with the length of 5.6m) are hinged through a hinge pin shaft.

As shown in fig. 3, the transmission device includes an engine 10 (model chafer diesel WP10G240E341, power 178KW), a torque converter 9 (form of double turbine four element), a transmission case 1 (model ZL50 is in the form of planetary, see fig. 4), a front propeller shaft 14, a rear propeller shaft 4, a transfer gear, a half shaft 7, a differential 6 (see fig. 7), a wheel hub reduction gear 23 (see fig. 8), a front wheel one 11, a front wheel two 12, a rear wheel one 13, and a rear wheel two 8, the rear wheel one 13 and the rear wheel two 8 being provided to a rear frame 22.

The transfer device consists of a transfer device I2 and a transfer device II 3, an input shaft of the transfer device I2 is a rear transmission shaft 4, an output shaft of the transfer device I2 is a transmission shaft III 5 and a transmission shaft IV 15 respectively, and the transmission shaft III 5 and the transmission shaft IV 15 are in backward transmission; the input shaft of the transfer device II 3 is a front transmission shaft 14, the output shaft of the transfer device II 3 is a transmission shaft five 16 and a transmission shaft six 17, and the transmission shaft five 16 and the transmission shaft six 17 are in forward transmission; universal joints 18 are arranged on the front transmission shaft 14, the rear transmission shaft 4, the transmission shaft three 5, the transmission shaft four 5, the transmission shaft five 16 and the transmission shaft six 17; and one ends of the third transmission shaft 5, the fourth transmission shaft 15, the fifth transmission shaft 16 and the sixth transmission shaft 17, which are far away from the transfer device, are connected with a differential mechanism 6, the differential mechanism 6 and a main speed reducer form an assembly, and the differential mechanism 6 is connected with a wheel-side speed reducer 23 through a half shaft 7.

The second transfer device 3 is a transfer case, and the structure thereof is shown in fig. 18. The transfer case 2 is also a transfer case, and the structure of the transfer case is shown in FIG. 5.

The floating bridge device 45 is a lifting device of a first drive axle 44 of a first front wheel 11, and comprises a fixing plate 455, a lifting arm 452 and a second hydraulic cylinder 453, as shown in fig. 1 and 9, wherein the fixing plate 455 is positioned above two ends of the first drive axle 44 and fixedly connected with the first drive axle 44, the lower end of the lifting arm 452 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the fixing plate 455, the two hydraulic cylinders 453 are respectively arranged on two longitudinal sides of each lifting arm 452, and the lower end of a piston 456 of the second hydraulic cylinder 453 is in pin joint with the upper surface of the fixing plate 455.

The balancing device is a double-swing frame balancing device above a drive axle of the rear frame 22 and comprises a swing frame 24 and a swing frame 25; the swinging frame 24 comprises two pairs of mutually parallel transverse plates 242 (length 850mm, height 200mm and thickness 20mm), a transverse swinging hole 243 (length 850mm and width 80mm) is arranged between each pair of transverse plates 242, and a second pin shaft hole 241 is arranged in the middle of each transverse plate 242; the swing frame 25 comprises two transverse swing plates 251 and two bottom fixing plates 252 which are parallel to each other, wherein the transverse swing plates 251 are n-shaped (the span is 900mm, the height is 300mm, the thickness is 50mm, and the length of an upper n-shaped beam is 200mm), a first pin shaft hole 253 is arranged in the middle of each transverse swing plate 251, the bottom fixing plates 252 are arranged at the two transverse ends of each transverse swing plate 251, and the transverse swing plates 251 and the bottom fixing plates 252 are fixedly connected; the two bottom fixing plates 252 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper surfaces of the two transverse ends of the drive axle housing 26, the transverse swinging plate 251 is positioned in the transverse swinging hole 243, and a first pin shaft hole 253 in the middle of the transverse swinging plate 251 is aligned with a second pin shaft hole 241 in the middle of the pair of transverse plates 242 on the two longitudinal sides and movably connected by a pin shaft; the transverse plates 242 are perpendicular to and fixedly connected with the inner surface of the rear frame 22, and the two pairs of transverse plates 242 are respectively positioned above the two longitudinal sides of the drive axle housing 26; the transverse span of the zigzag transverse swinging plate 251 is larger than the length of the transverse plate 242; when the transaxle case 26 is horizontal, the both-side oblique sides of the lateral swinging plate 251 are not in contact with the rear frame 22. When the rail/road surface conversion is carried out on the road-rail dual-purpose traction locomotive, or the traction locomotive runs on an uneven road surface, or in the turning process, wheels at the two transverse ends of a drive axle possibly have a certain height difference, swing frames fixedly connected with the two ends of the drive axle swing transversely in a swing frame by taking a pin shaft as a center, only the swing frames swing in the swing frame within a certain design angle, and the swing frame and a frame are kept horizontal and do not incline. The utility model discloses a balancing unit adopts two rocker, and two horizontal swinging boards of rocker are in the top of the vertical both sides of transaxle case respectively, can make the rocker only take place horizontal hunting, avoid the rocker to take place the fore-and-aft swing.

The brake device is a straight-through air brake device, which comprises an air compressor 46 (a screw rod type and driven by a power 37KW engine), a main air cylinder, a brake pipe, a brake valve and brake cylinders of all carriages, wherein the air compressor 46 is arranged at the upper part of the front frame 21, as shown in figure 1, and has the characteristics of compact structure, small volume and flexible rotation.

As shown in fig. 13, the working video system includes a computer host 27, a display screen 48, a system power supply 29, a video capture card 28, and at least six infrared color cameras (model number pit-HPX), where the eight infrared color cameras are a front guide wheel one camera 30, a front guide wheel two camera 31, a rear guide wheel one camera 32, a rear guide wheel two camera 33, a front coupler camera 34, a rear coupler camera 35, and a seventh camera 50 and an eighth camera 49 on both sides of a first drive axle 44; the output of the infrared color camera is transmitted to the computer host 27 through the video acquisition card 28, the computer host 27 is externally connected with the display screen 48, and the display screen 48 and the computer host 27 are arranged in the cab 47 of the traction locomotive.

The guide wheel lifting device is shown in fig. 14 and 15, and comprises a front guide wheel 19, a rear guide wheel 20, an axle 36, a lifting arm 37 and a hydraulic cylinder 38, wherein a sleeve 39 is fixedly connected to the outer part of the axle 36 between the guide wheels, the sleeve 39 is rectangular and tubular, and the outer surface of the axle 36 is tangent to the inner surface of the sleeve 39; a bearing frame 40 is arranged on the lifting arm 37, and the bearing frame 40 can be matched with the sleeve 39; the lifting arm 37 is arranged in a guide frame 41 and can slide up and down in the guide frame 41, and pin holes 42 are arranged at the upper ends of the guide frame 41 and the lifting arm 37. A lifting arm in the guide wheel lifting mechanism is in contact with a rectangular tubular sleeve, so that the contact area is large, the operation stability is high, and the mechanical efficiency is high; because the rectangular tubular sleeve and the lifting arm almost have no relative movement, the abrasion degree is small in the same service time, the service time is long, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Solid flat tires (high-load rubber solid tire, with the outer diameter of 1060mm and the width of 350mm) on a front wheel I11 and a front wheel II 12, a rear wheel I13 and a rear wheel II 8 of a highway-railway dual-purpose eight-wheel tractor, as shown in fig. 14 and 15, each solid flat tire comprises a rim contact surface and an outer tread 43, the longitudinal sections of the rim contact surface and the outer tread 43 are both circular, each outer tread 43 comprises an outer tread 431, an inner tread and a longitudinal groove 434, and each inner tread comprises a straight running friction surface 433 and a turning friction surface 432; the tread 43 is plain except for the longitudinal grooves 434, increasing the friction area between the solid flat tire and the rail.

A highway and railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction method comprises the following steps: when the road and railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive is used for traction on a steel rail, the solid plane tires of the front wheel I11, the front wheel II 12, the rear wheel I13 and the rear wheel II 8 are in frictional contact with the surface of the steel rail; when the road-railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive turns on a road surface, the switching between eight-wheel landing and six-wheel landing can be realized by controlling the floating bridge device; the road-railway dual-purpose eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive realizes two-stage speed reduction of wheels by using the main speed reducer and the wheel-side speed reducer 23; double-swing-frame balancing devices are arranged above a driving axle of a rear frame 22 of the highway and railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive, and the double-swing-frame balancing devices are utilized to keep balance in the traction process; the road-railway dual-purpose eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive can adjust the front guide wheel 19, the rear guide wheel 20 and the first front wheel 11 by using a working video system.

Example 2

The difference between the road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is as follows:

the transfer case I2 comprises two gears which are meshed with each other, the two gears are respectively arranged on the rear transmission shaft 4 and the transmission shaft IV 15, the rear transmission shaft 4 is coaxial with the transmission shaft III 5, and the transmission shaft IV 15 is parallel to the transmission shaft III 5, as shown in figure 6;

the swing frame 24 further comprises a pair of vertical plates (790 mm long, 240mm high and 10mm thick), the two vertical plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the transverse plate 242, the vertical plates are perpendicular to and fixedly connected with the transverse plate 242, and the vertical plates cling to the inner surface of the rear frame 22 of the traction locomotive and are fixedly connected with the rear frame 22, as shown in fig. 10-12;

the working video system also comprises two laser ranging sensors, namely a laser ranging sensor I and a laser ranging sensor II, which are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the locomotive and are connected and communicated with the host in the cab through the host serial port.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may use the above-mentioned technical contents to change or modify the equivalent embodiment into equivalent changes to be applied in other fields, but all the technical matters of the present invention are not departed from the technical contents of the present invention, and any simple modification and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical matters of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel-drive traction locomotive comprises a front frame (21), a rear frame (22), a transmission device, a braking device, a balancing device, a guide wheel lifting device and a working video system, wherein the front frame (21) and the rear frame (22) are hinged by a hinge pin shaft,

the transmission device comprises an engine (10), a torque converter (9), a gearbox (1), a front transmission shaft (14), a rear transmission shaft (4), a transfer device, a half shaft (7), a differential (6), front wheels and rear wheels, wherein the front wheels are two pairs which are arranged front and back and are respectively a front wheel I (11) and a front wheel II (12); the two pairs of rear wheels are also arranged front and back and are respectively a first rear wheel (13) and a second rear wheel (8); an output shaft of the gearbox (1) extends forwards and backwards simultaneously, extends forwards to form the front transmission shaft (14) and extends backwards to form the rear transmission shaft (4); the transfer device consists of a transfer device I (2) and a transfer device II (3), an input shaft of the transfer device I (2) is a rear transmission shaft (4), an output shaft of the transfer device I (2) is a transmission shaft III (5) and a transmission shaft IV (15) respectively, and the transmission shaft III (5) and the transmission shaft IV (15) are in backward transmission; the input shaft of the transfer case II (3) is a front transmission shaft (14), the output shaft of the transfer case II (3) is a transmission shaft five (16) and a transmission shaft six (17), and the transmission shaft five (16) and the transmission shaft six (17) are both in forward transmission; universal joints (18) are arranged on the front transmission shaft (14), the rear transmission shaft (4), the transmission shaft III (5), the transmission shaft IV (15), the transmission shaft V (16) and the transmission shaft VI (17); one ends, far away from the transfer device, of the third transmission shaft (5), the fourth transmission shaft (15), the fifth transmission shaft (16) and the sixth transmission shaft (17) are connected with a differential (6), and the differential (6) is connected with a wheel reduction gear (23) through a half shaft (7);

the lifting device comprises a fixing plate (455), a lifting arm (452) and a hydraulic cylinder II (453), wherein the fixing plate (455) is positioned above two ends of the driving axle I (44) and fixedly connected with the driving axle I (44), the lower end of the lifting arm (452) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the fixing plate (455), the hydraulic cylinder II (453) is respectively arranged on each of the two longitudinal sides of the lifting arm (452), and the lower end of a piston (456) of the hydraulic cylinder II (453) is in pin joint with the upper surface of the fixing plate (455).

2. The road-railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the balancing device is a double-swing-frame balancing device above a drive axle of a rear frame (22) and comprises a swing frame (24) and a swing frame (25); the swinging frame (24) comprises two pairs of transverse plates (242) which are parallel to each other, a transverse swinging hole (243) is formed between each pair of transverse plates (242), and a second pin shaft hole (241) is formed in the middle of each transverse plate (242); the swing frame (25) comprises two transverse swing plates (251) and two bottom fixing plates (252), the transverse swing plates (251) are parallel to each other, a first pin shaft hole (253) is formed in the middle of each transverse swing plate (251), the bottom fixing plates (252) are located at two transverse ends of each transverse swing plate (251), and the transverse swing plates (251) are fixedly connected with the bottom fixing plates (252); the two bottom fixing plates (252) are respectively fixedly connected with the upper surfaces of the two transverse ends of the drive axle housing (26), the transverse swinging plate (251) is positioned in the transverse swinging hole (243), and a first pin shaft hole (253) in the middle of the transverse swinging plate (251) is aligned with a second pin shaft hole (241) in the middle of a pair of transverse plates (242) on two longitudinal sides and movably connected by a pin shaft; the transverse plates (242) are perpendicular to the inner surface of the rear frame (22) and are fixedly connected, and the two pairs of transverse plates (242) are respectively positioned above the two longitudinal sides of the drive axle housing (26); the transverse span of the zigzag transverse swinging plate (251) is larger than the length of the transverse plate (242); when the transaxle case (26) is horizontal, both side oblique sides of the lateral swinging plate (251) do not contact with the rear frame (22).

3. The road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the brake device is a straight-through air brake device comprising an air compressor (46), a master cylinder, a brake pipe, a brake valve and brake cylinders of each carriage, and the air compressor (46) is arranged on the upper portion of the front frame (21).

4. The road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the working video system comprises a computer host (27), a display screen (48), a system power supply (29), a video acquisition card (28) and eight infrared color cameras, wherein the eight infrared color cameras are a front guide wheel one-camera (30), a front guide wheel two-camera (31), a rear guide wheel one-camera (32), a rear guide wheel two-camera (33), a front coupler camera (34), a rear coupler camera (35), a seven camera (50) and an eight camera (49) on two transverse sides of a first drive axle (44); the output of the infrared color camera is transmitted to a computer host (27) through the video acquisition card (28), the computer host (27) is externally connected with a display screen (48), and the display screen (48) and the computer host (27) are arranged in a cab (47) of the traction locomotive.

5. The road-railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive is characterized in that the guide wheel lifting device comprises a front guide wheel (19), a rear guide wheel (20), an axle (36), a lifting arm (37) and a hydraulic cylinder I (38), wherein a sleeve (39) is fixedly connected to the outer part of the axle (36) between the guide wheels, the sleeve (39) is in a rectangular tubular shape, and the outer surface of the axle (36) is tangent to the inner surface of the sleeve (39); a bearing frame (40) is arranged on the lifting arm (37), and the bearing frame (40) can be matched with the sleeve (39); the lifting arm (37) is arranged in a guide frame (41) and can slide up and down in the guide frame (41), and pin holes (42) are formed in the upper ends of the guide frame (41) and the lifting arm (37).

6. The road-railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the second transfer case (3) is a transfer case.

7. The road-railway dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the first transfer case (2) is a transfer case; or the transfer case I (2) comprises two gears which are meshed with each other, the two gears are respectively arranged on the rear transmission shaft (4) and the transmission shaft III (15), the rear transmission shaft (4) and the transmission shaft III (5) are coaxial, and the transmission shaft IV (15) is parallel to the transmission shaft III (5).

8. An amphibious eight-wheel drive traction vehicle according to claim 1, characterised in that the differential (6) and the final drive form an assembly.

9. The road-rail dual-purpose eight-wheel drive traction vehicle as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a solid flat tire on the front wheel I (11), the front wheel II (12), the rear wheel I (13) and the rear wheel II (8), wherein the solid flat tire comprises a rim contact surface and an outer tread (43), the longitudinal cross section of the rim contact surface and the outer tread (43) is circular, the outer tread (43) comprises an outer tread (431), an inner tread and a longitudinal groove (434), and the inner tread is composed of a straight friction surface (433) and a turning friction surface (432); the tread (43) is free of tread patterns other than the longitudinal grooves (434).