CN2124158U - Air heating device for car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a high efficiency warm-air energy-saving device for waste heat recovery of automobiles, which comprises a heat exchanger, a heat radiating box, a guiding hole, a switch of an exhaust pipe valve and a connection pipe for air inlet and air outlet. The utility model can recover the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the automobile engine, supplying hot air for the inside of the automobile; the utility model changes the heating method that the circulating cooling water in the cylinder body of the engine is used as the thermal source or oil combustion and power consumption are used as the thermal source. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, easy fabrication, convenient installation, convenient maintenance, fast heat transferring and high thermal efficiency, so the utility model is suitable for motor vehicles and power generation places by internal-combustion engines to supply heat and can also be used as a waste heat recovery device on the flue of the civil boiler.

Description

Air heating device for car

The utility model belongs to a kind of efficient automobile waste heat recovery warm braw energy saver.

Existing domestic automobile is typically equipped with heater unit heat supply in car, Jiefang brand automobile as the production of Changchun one vapour, thermal source in the heater unit is from the recirculated cooling water in the engine cylinder-body, circulating water is connected with radiator-water box in the heater unit, connect the power supply of heater unit DC machine during heat supply, heat in the water tank just is blown into heat radiation in the car, to reach the purpose of heating.Winter, water temperature can not surpass 80 ℃ yet because temperature is lower, and circulating water dispels the heat in low temperature environment comparatively fast, and temperature is not high, and both having made is to travel for a long time, therefore, the hot blast that is provided, its temperature is also only between 30-40 ℃.Do not have the heat supply in car of enough heats, heat efficiency is very low.At present, another " the energy-saing afterheat heater for coaches " (Chinese patent: 90100428) that utilizes automobile engine residual heat in car, to heat that occurs, it is by air-intake device, shell-and-tube exchanger, supply ventilating fan, mechanical drive goes out wind apparatus, and warm-air pipe and defroster device are formed in the car.By supply ventilating fan the wind of heating is squeezed into the compartment and carry out heating.Though this device has utilized the waste heat in the vehicle engine exhaust gas to heat in car, but its shell-and-tube exchanger is designed to two smoke boxes perpendicular to discharge directions on normal bleeder line, be welded with many 3/4 cun heat-transfer pipe in the centre of two smoke boxes, waste gas enters heat-transfer pipe after 90 ° of right angles enter smoke box, and then enter freeing pipe through 90 ° of right angles, certainly will increase the resistance of exhaust emission like this, overcome these resistances, will reduce the horsepower of driving engine or increase oil consumption.In addition, numerous heat-transfer pipes is in hi-heat environment, and the mouth of pipe snaps during shrinkage heat rises easily in frequent and violent vibration, and this just may make the pernicious gas in the waste gas enter in the car.Simultaneously, also there is complex structure in this device, and shortcomings such as cost height are not easy to maintenance and use.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of heat exchanger that includes, heat radiation case, freeing pipe, air-vent, the device of the recovery car engine waste gas residual heat that valve switch and turnover wind connection pipe are formed, existing to utilize the recirculated cooling water in the engine cylinder-body be the heating technology of thermal source for thermal source or with fuel oil, power consumption thereby changed.

The technical scheme that the utility model adopted is mainly by heat exchanger, air-vent, and heat radiation case air intake connection pipe, the air-out connection pipe is formed, as shown in Figure 1.Heat exchanger is by freeing pipe (2), cylinder (3), and insulation cladding (4), air outlet (6), ventilation inlet (7) is formed.Freeing pipe (2) passes insulation cladding (4) cylinder (3) of concentric structure, and ventilation inlet (7) and air outlet (6) are distributed in the two ends of cylinder (3) and insulation cladding (4).Select for use 1.5-3.0 millimeter sheet metal to make each parts.Freeing pipe (2) diameter requires to equal or is slightly larger than and the freeing pipe diameter length of the original model of automobile designs between the 150-1200 millimeter, and both ends or one end are connected with freeing pipe on the automobile, and the bonded assembly method can be to weld, and pegs graft or is spirally connected.

The diameter of cylinder (3) is than the big 20-100 millimeter of diameter of freeing pipe (2).Between freeing pipe (2) and cylinder (3), just leave the air heat exchange layer (5) between one deck 10-50 millimeter like this.Leave the heat-insulation layer of 5-10 millimeter between insulation cladding (4) and the cylinder (3), can some resistant to elevated temperatures warm materials of filling in the heat-insulation layer.The diameter of air outlet (6) and ventilation inlet (7) is generally in 40-80 millimeter scope, and heat radiation case (12) is identical with heat exchanger air outlet (6) ventilation inlet (7) respectively with the diameter of air-vent (11).The two ends of air-out connection pipe (8) and air intake connection pipe (9) are enclosed within heat radiation case air intake vent (10) separately, and heat exchanger air outlet (6) and air-vent (11) on the heat exchanger air intake vent (7), clamp with movable clip then.The inlet and outlet connection pipe is preferably selected metal bellow for use, so that turn round easily with high temperature resistant, the front end of ventilation inlet (11) is made broadening formation, when engine operation, waste gas enters freeing pipe (2) from import (1), and heat just goes from tube wall (2) is dispersed into heat exchange layer (5) between the cylinder (3).Air is blown in the heat exchange layer (5) of heat exchanger by air-vent (11) endlessly under the bump of automobile and is heated to form hot blast when running car.Blow into the cold air that comes then again in the back and promote down, by air outlet (6), air-out connection pipe (8) enters heat radiation case (12) and dispels the heat in car.

In heat radiation case air intake vent (10), a valve (19) is housed, when not needing heat supply in the car, valve-off (19), can make in the device hot air no longer into the car.Data after tested show: the temperature of automotive engine exhaust when idling is generally between 200-300 ℃, travel with general speed, temperature can reach 400-500 ℃ after half an hour, if at a high speed or travel for a long time, exhaust temperature can reach about 700 ℃, like this, with the air is medium, adopt after the heat exchanger heat exchange hot blast the certain distance of running car and after the time warm braw temperature out generally all more than 100 ℃, the height of its heat efficiency and with low cost, being better than with cycle of engine water greatly is thermal source, or is thermal source with oil firing, and heat efficiency and cost during electric fan heater.

The utility model can also adopt the direct current air blower, direct current induced draft fan, air inducing heat pipe, heat absorption airduct, heat pipe, various technical schemes such as radiating gill and unitized exchanger.

The utlity model has simple in structurely, make easily, install, uses easy to maintenance and conduct heat soon the characteristics that heat efficiency is high.Its air quantity is directly proportional with automobile driving speed, so it is suitable for coach heating use.As long as automotive engine starts working, heater unit just can heat supply in car, and running car is after half an hour, and temperature out is generally more than 80 ℃, it not only on all self-propelled vehiclees heating be applied and also application as usual on the equipment of small motor fishing boat.

In the place of using the combustion engine generating, as the geological drilling machine, the oil drilling machine, service machine can be applied.The utility model can also be used to reclaiming the waste heat on the flue of normal domestic boiler and gives hot device as air, send hot blast to reach heat efficiency and the purpose of energy saving that improves boiler to boiler.

Fig. 1 is a theory structure scheme drawing of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts direct current air blower device.

Fig. 3 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts direct current induced draft fan device.

Fig. 4 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts heat absorption airduct device.

Fig. 5 is the constructional drawing that the utility model employing level is installed the heat absorption airduct.

Fig. 6 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts the radiating gill radiating mode.

Fig. 7 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts spiral radiating fin.

Fig. 8 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts heat-pipe apparatus.

Fig. 9 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts unitized exchanger.

Figure 10 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts inlet and outlet.

Figure 11 is the scheme drawing that the utility model adopts partition plate structure.

Now, further specify embodiment of the present utility model in conjunction with various accompanying drawings.

Direct current air blower device is by shell (13) among Fig. 2, DC machine (14), and blade (15), inlet scoop (16) and air outlet (11) are formed.Air outlet (11) links together with air intake connection pipe (9).At this moment direct current air blower device has just substituted the air-vent among Fig. 1 (11) front end exit skirt.The size of shell (13) can be decided according to the actual requirements.DC machine (14) requires to select for use between 60 watts at 30 watts.When engine operation, cold air is sucked into housing (13) from air blower inlet scoop (16), is blown into heat exchange layer (5) by blade (15) then and is heated, and enters heat radiation case (12) and heat supply in car at last.The advantage that air blower is installed is: heat supply is not subjected to the restriction of the speed of a motor vehicle in car, and both having made is also can heat supply in car as usual when auto idle speed.

In Fig. 3, the direct current induced draft fan has replaced the direct current air blower among Fig. 2, and its mode of operation is changed into air inducing by original blowing, though work principle is identical, the direction of heat exchange and heat supply is just in time opposite with Fig. 2.Here, we become airfilter (12) to it the heat radiation case (12) among Fig. 2, and heat radiation case air intake vent (10) becomes the air outlet (10) of airfilter, and air-out connection pipe (8) becomes air intake connection pipe (8).Air intake connection pipe (9) becomes air-out connection pipe (9).Heat exchanger air outlet (6) becomes air intake vent (6).Air intake vent (7) becomes air outlet (7).Air blower air outlet (11) becomes induced draft fan inlet scoop (11).Air blower inlet scoop (16) becomes fan out draft (16).Like this, when automotive engine is worked, connect the source switch of induced draft fan (13), motor (14) drives blade (15) and rotates, and air just is inhaled into through air intake connection pipe (8) from fil (12) and is heated in the heat exchange layer (5) the heat exchanger after air-out connection pipe (9) enters induced draft fan (13) at last by air outlet (16) heat supply in car.

This heater advantage with the induced draft fan arrangement works is that exhaust air rate is big, and resistance is little, is adapted at most using on motorcoach or the microbus.

In Fig. 4, in heat exchanger, pass freeing pipe (2), and arranging 2-10 root heat absorption airduct (17) perpendicular to discharge directions by garden week unspecified angle, to improve heat exchange efficiency.The diameter of freeing pipe this moment (2) is greater than the diameter of the original freeing pipe of automobile, not influence the flow of exhaust.The diameter of heat absorption airduct (17) generally designs between the 5-20 millimeter to be selected for use, and height and freeing pipe equal diameters link together with the method and the exhaust wall that weld.

Fig. 5 is the constructional drawing that the utility model employing level is installed the heat absorption airduct.Among the figure, its heat absorption airduct (17), it is garden week at freeing pipe (2) magnifying diameter, along the discharge directions horizontal arrangement, still surrounded by the waste-gas heat that flows around it, this structural advantages is: air resistance by heat absorption airduct (17) time is little, and waste gas is not having resistance by time in the middle of the freeing pipe (2) yet.

In Fig. 6, on the tube wall of freeing pipe (2), arrange many group well-distributed radiating fins (18), to increase the dissipating area of tube wall in heat exchange layer (5), the thickness of radiating fin (18) is got the metal book plate of 1.0-2 millimeters thick, but the length flexible design, height exceeds with the height that is no more than heat exchange layer (5).

Among Fig. 7, it is that the radiating fin of being arranged on the tube wall of freeing pipe (2) (18) is that employing is screw type.It also makes air be heated by hand of spiral in heat exchange layer (5) when increasing the exhaust wall dissipating area, has increased heating surface area and has prolonged heated time, improves heat exchange efficiency widely.

Fig. 8 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts heat-pipe apparatus.It is that 2-50 root heat pipe is installed in heat exchanger, the heat absorbing end of heat pipe is installed in the freeing pipe (2), and radiating end is installed in the heat exchange layer (5), is provided with radiating fin (18) on the outer radiating end tube wall of heat pipe, utilize the function of heat pipe efficient heat transfer, the heat exchange efficiency of heat pipe is increased greatly.The heat absorbing end of heat pipe also can be welded on the outer wall of freeing pipe (2); Can also be the inside that the heat absorbing end of heat pipe stretches into freeing pipe (2), a radiating end part is in heat exchange layer (5), the other end stretches out insulation cladding (4), like this, when connecting the direct current fan power, that part of heat pipe in heat exchange layer (5) blows down in the pressure of air, and most of heat that heat pipe transmitted dissipates in heat exchange layer (5).When PTO Power Take Off, just stop heat supply in car, the heat pipe heat radiation end that heat in the heat pipe will be delivered to insulation cladding (4) outside naturally dispels the heat to outside air, this just can have been avoided not going out because of the heat in the heat exchanger looses, and formation temperature is too high and the heat pipe that causes or other structures are overheated and decrease ground and improve heat exchange efficiency.

Fig. 8 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts heat-pipe apparatus.It is that 2-50 root heat pipe (29) is installed in heat exchanger, the heat absorbing end of heat pipe (29) is installed in the freeing pipe (2), radiating end is installed in the heat exchange layer (5), on the outer radiating end tube wall of heat pipe, be provided with radiating fin (18), utilize the function of heat pipe efficient heat transfer, the heat exchange efficiency of heat pipe is increased greatly.The heat absorbing end of heat pipe also can be welded on the outer wall of freeing pipe (2); Can also be the inside that the heat absorbing end of heat pipe stretches into freeing pipe (2), a radiating end part is in heat exchange layer (5), the other end stretches out insulation cladding (4), like this, when connecting the direct current fan power, that part of heat pipe in heat exchange layer (5) blows down in the pressure of air, and most of heat that heat pipe transmitted dissipates in heat exchange layer (5).When PTO Power Take Off, just stop heat supply in car, the heat pipe heat radiation end that heat in the heat pipe will be delivered to insulation cladding (4) outside naturally dispels the heat to outside air, this just can have been avoided not going out because of the heat in the heat exchanger looses, and formation temperature is too high and the heat pipe that causes or other structures are overheated and damage.

Fig. 9 is the constructional drawing that the utility model adopts unitized exchanger.It is that heat exchanger processing is become upper and lower two and half garden cylindricalitys, two parts, and these two parts all include cylinder (3), insulation cladding (4), heat exchange layer (5), air outlet (6) and ventilation inlet (7).Can be directly installed on the original freeing pipe of automobile (2) and go up use, be provided with connecting panel (n) on the Ban Yuan plane of heat exchanger and on connecting panel, be provided with threaded hole (m), so that the fixing screw that uses when installing.

Figure 10 is inlet and outlet structure figure of the present utility model.In the various structure described in the utility model, the ventilation inlet of heat exchanger (6) and air outlet (7) actual fabrication and use can be determined its installation site according to actual conditions.Fitness for purpose ventilation inlet (7) will be arranged in the bottom of heat exchanger, and air outlet (6) is arranged in top, shown in Figure 10 (a) and Figure 10 (b).

Shown in structure, the exit skirt front end adopts 120 millimeters, the rear end is connected with air-vent (11), former vehicle exhaust pipe point diameter is 40 millimeters, so it is 200 millimeters that the diameter of this heat exchanger freeing pipe (2) also adopts 40 mm lengths, cylinder (3) diameter is 60 millimeters, and gained heat exchange layer (5) spatial separation is 10 millimeters.Heat exchanger air outlet (6) and ventilation inlet (7) and heat radiation case air intake vent (10) and exit skirt rear end air-vent external diameter all are designed to 40 millimeters.The internal diameter of air-out connection pipe (8) and air intake connection pipe (9) is 41 millimeters, and wall thickness is 0.2 millimeter, the aluminum alloy bellows that adopts Shenyang breather pipe factory to produce.The diameter of temperature shell (4) is 70 millimeters, with the gap of cylinder be 5 millimeters, more than required raw MAT'L, except that turnover wind connection pipe, it is 2 millimeters common A that radiator etc. all can use thickness of slab ₃The dead-soft steel steel plate is made.

Another specific embodiment of the present utility model can adopt heat exchanger structure shown in Figure 5 and bleed type's warm braw transfer mode shown in Figure 2 on the pan cup board utility van of Shenyang.The diameter of former vehicle exhaust pipe (2) is 50 millimeters, and adopted the heat absorption airduct in this example freeing pipe (2), so strengthening the diameter of freeing pipe (2) is 90 millimeters, length is 400 millimeters, it is 15 millimeters that aspiration channel (17) is selected 6 diameters for use, wall thickness is 2.5 millimeters, length is that 300 millimeters solid drawn pipe is made, and be installed in garden week of freeing pipe (2) internal diameter by the direction level of exhaust, cylinder (3) diameter is 120 millimeters, heat exchange sheaf space spacing is 15 millimeters, all inlet and outlet diameters are 45 millimeters, advance, air-out connection pipe internal diameter is 46 millimeters, the blowing motor adopts the DC machine of 12V30W, and blade (15) adopts axial-flow type, but blade and casing self design.

Another specific embodiment of the present utility model can be by structure shown in Figure 8 on the Changbai Mountain board passenger vehicle of bus factory, Yanji production, taking former vehicle exhaust pipe diameter is 65 millimeters, heat exchanger freeing pipe (2) is designed to 100 * 100 millimeters square, length is 1000 millimeters, the diameter of heat pipe (17) is 12 millimeters, length is 200 millimeters, 2.5 millimeters of wall thickness.Vertically adopting structure shown in Figure 5 and bleed type's warm braw transfer mode shown in Figure 2 by 90.The diameter of former vehicle exhaust pipe (2) is 50 millimeters, and has adopted the heat absorption airduct in the present embodiment freeing pipe (2), is 90 millimeters so strengthen the diameter of freeing pipe (2), and length is 400 millimeters.Cylinder (3) diameter is 120 millimeters, and heat exchange sheaf space spacing is 15 millimeters.All are 45 millimeters into and out of the air port diameter, and outlet and inlet connection pipe internal diameter is 46 millimeters.The blowing motor adopts the DC machine of 12v30w, and blade (15) adopts axial-flow type, but blade and casing self design.It is 15 millimeters that aspiration channel (17) is selected 6 diameters for use, and wall thickness is 2.5 millimeters, and length is 300 millimeters the steel pipe manufacturing of seam undoubtedly, and is installed in the garden week of freeing pipe (2) internal diameter by the direction level of exhaust.

Another specific embodiment of the present utility model can be by structure shown in Figure 8 on the Changbai Mountain board passenger vehicle of bus factory, Yanji production.Adopting former vehicle exhaust pipe diameter is 65 millimeters, and heat exchanger freeing pipe (2) is designed to 100 * 100 millimeters square, and length is 1000 millimeters.The heat exchange sheaf space is 120 millimeters, the heat pipe heat radiation end inserts freeing pipe (2) interior 80 millimeters, and the space between cylinder (3) and the insulation cladding (4) is 10 millimeters, the inside filling temperature-resistant material, all are 75 millimeters into and out of the air port diameter, and outlet and inlet connection pipe internal diameter is 76 millimeters.Heater unit adopts draught type, and motor (14) adopts 24V, 40W DC machine.Blade (15) adopts centrifugal being made.The diameter of heat pipe (29) is 12 millimeters, and length is 200 millimeters, and wall thickness is 2.5 millimeters, is vertically pressing 90 millimeters spacings, be rectangular distribution 3 rows in 52 millimeters scopes laterally, forward and backward row is 11,10 of middle rows, totally 32, the radiating fin diameter is 25 millimeters, and thickness is 1 millimeter.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of by automobile exhaust pipe, the automotive heatingn system that heat exchanger is formed, it is characterized in that it is by heat radiation case (12), air-vent (11), air intake connection pipe (9), air-out connection pipe (8), valve switch (19) and heat exchanger are formed, said heat exchanger, it has comprised freeing pipe (2), passes the insulation cladding (4) and cylinder (3) of concentric structure, heat exchange layer (5), have air outlet (6) and ventilation inlet (7) at the two ends of cylinder (3), it is connected with heat radiation case (12) by air-out connection pipe (8) by air outlet (6), and is connected with air-vent (11) by air intake connection pipe (9) by its ventilation inlet (7).

2, the heater of forming according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said air-vent (11), it can adopt one by shell (13), DC machine (14), blade (15), the direct current air blower device that inlet scoop (16) and air outlet (20) are formed substitutes.

3, according to the said heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that said air-vent (11), it also can adopt one by shell (13), blade (15), motor (14), the induced draft fan device that air outlet (28) and inlet scoop (27) are formed substitutes.

4, according to the said heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that said freeing pipe (2), can by horizontal or vertical direction 2-10 root heat absorption airduct be installed in its centre.

5, according to the said heater of claim 4, it is characterized in that said freeing pipe (2), 2-50 root heat pipe can be installed therein, the heat absorbing end of heat pipe is installed in the freeing pipe (2), or being welded in the outside face of freeing pipe, radiating end is installed in the heat exchange layer (5), also can stretch out the outside face of heat-insulation layer (4), simultaneously, radiating fin (18) can be installed at the radiating end of heat pipe.

6, according to the said heater of claim 4, it is characterized in that said freeing pipe (2), well-distributed radiating fin or spiral radiating fin can be installed on its outer wall.

7, according to the said heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that said heat exchanger, can be processed into and include cylinder (3), insulation cladding (4), heat exchange layer (5), the unitized exchanger that the upper and lower two and half garden cylindrical sections of air outlet (6) and ventilation inlet (7) are formed.

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