CN2123838U

CN2123838U - Motor program controlled energy-saving device

Info

Publication number: CN2123838U
Application number: CN 92225750
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张克臣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1992-06-26
Filing date: 1992-06-26
Publication date: 1992-12-02

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electricity saving device for the induction electric motor, which can automatically adjust the voltage of the electric motor according to the load change and comprises a monolithic computer, power factor Q, a measuring circuit, an A/D converter, a control regulating circuit of the voltage of the electric motor, a reactor which is connected with three-phase power supply loop of the electric motor in series and has n division windings divided by n plus 1 taps as well as a contactless switch circuit which controls n division windings short circuit. The monolithic computer synchronically accomplish short circuit of the division windings of three-phase reactor in segments by the contactless switch circuit according to the actual measurement Q value to realize graded voltage rise and voltage reduction. The utility model has the advantages of simple and original structure, good electricity saving effect and excellent cost performance.

Description

Motor program controlled energy-saving device

The utility model relates to a kind of control, adjusting device, relates to a kind of battery saving arrangement of induction motor or rather.

Induction motor is subjected to its capacitance grade restriction and is in operation to be subjected to the influence of load variations, thereby often is in the light running state.By the operating characteristic of motor as can be known, the induction motor that under constant frequency and constant voltage, moves, when underload, the percentage that the copper loss of its stator, rotor and supplementary load loss account for input power increases, at 80% when following of nominal load, the efficient of power factor significantly reduces, and both characteristic trend are also very close.

The purpose of this utility model is a kind of motor program control energy saver of design, makes motor under any operation conditions, always keeps the efficient more than 75%, in the hope of reaching the purpose of saves energy, has reduced the temperature rise of motor simultaneously, prolongs its useful life.This motor program control energy saver is compared with other energy savers also should have the significant power savings and the good ratio of performance to price.

The utility model is core control part with the monolithic computer, by measuring the power of electric motor factor in the running, and is input to the way of terminal voltage of motor according to its weights regulating and controlling, reaches energy-conservation purpose.

The utility model comprises: the control motor operates in the monolithic computer of power save mode; Be serially connected in the motor power (output) factor measuring circuit in the motor three phase mains loop; The analog quantity of motor power (output) factor measuring circuit output is converted to digital quantity and send modulus A/D converter that single-chip microcomputer judges and the control circuit of adjusting motor three phase terminals voltage according to the motor power (output) factor of actual measurement, by the single-chip microcomputer output port synchronously.

Motor three phase terminals voltage control circuit of the present utility model comprises reactor and the non-contact switch circuit that is serially connected in the band N+1 tap in each phase electric electromechanics resource loop.The tap of reactor is separated into the sub-winding of N level with the total winding of reactor, each reactor total winding top and N-1 tap between total winding tail end each and be connected to bidirectional triode thyristor, the N of a single-chip microcomputer output port is connected to the control circuit of the conducting of control bidirectional triode thyristor, shutoff, and control circuit output connects the bidirectional triode thyristor trigger electrode.Above-mentioned control circuit and bidirectional triode thyristor have been formed non-contact switch circuit.Single-chip microcomputer is according to the motor power (output) factor of actual measurement, three synchronised and the conducting or the shutoff that divide N level control bidirectional triode thyristor, to reach the purpose of 1 to N reactor sub-winding in the three-phase of short circuit simultaneously, realize with reactor classification buck or boost, then the terminal voltage of regulating and controlling motor, the sub-winding of N level are the ascending, descending of N level and press.

Realize the embodiment accompanying drawing that 4 grades of ascending, descendings are pressed below in conjunction with the reactor that adopts 4 taps (N=4), describe technology of the present utility model in detail.

Accompanying drawing 1 is a motor program control energy saver embodiment electrical schematic diagram.

Among Fig. 1,10 is single-chip microcomputer, and embodiment adopts MCS-51 series, and M is a motor, and 30 is the power-factor measurement circuit, and 20 is the A/D analog to digital converter.Inverter F1-F4, photoelectrical coupler G01-G012, bidirectional triode thyristor KS1-KS12 and reactor XLa, the XLb, the XLc that are made of XLa1-XLa4, XLb1-XLb4, XLc1-XLc4 form the terminal voltage of motor control circuit.

Single-chip microcomputer XTAL1, XTAL2 termination crystal oscillator, ac contactor coil J1, its auxiliary contact J1-1, button AN1, AN2 constitute the self-hold circuit that powers on.Press AN1, main contact J1-2, the J1-3 of A.C. contactor J, J1-4 connect motor M with A, B, C three phase mains by the level Four step-down of reactor XLa, XLb, XLc, terminal voltage of motor is about 200V, simultaneously, power transformer B connects, after rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing, provide+the 5V power supply, for single-chip microcomputer 10 and other elements.

Behind the single-chip microcomputer electrification reset, move one section motor soft start program that classification is boosted earlier, and then enter the power-saving running state.Can be in the enforcement according to the watt level of motor, is set one period time of delay, for example the motor for 4.0KW can be provided with the 2S time, send out low level to the I/O4 of single-chip microcomputer mouth then, after F4 is anti-phase, three photoelectrical coupler G010-G012 of its institute's load of driven in synchronism, bidirectional triode thyristor KS10-KS12 conducting, reactor sub-winding XLa4, XLb4, XLc4 realize that simultaneously by short circuit the 1st grade of motor M boosts.Program postpones a period of time for example behind the 2S again, send the second level order of boosting to 3 mouthfuls of single-chip processor i/os, F3 exports high level, driven in synchronism optical coupler G07-G09, bidirectional triode thyristor KS7-KS9 conducting, short-circuit reactance device XLa3+XLa4, XLb3+XLb4, XLc3+CLc4 realize boosting in the second level of motor M simultaneously.The rest may be inferred until whole short-circuit reactance device XLa, the total winding of XLb, XLc.Motor M terminal voltage rises to 380V.The motor classification soft start that boosts has reduced the impact to electrical network and motor load machinery.

Be provided with power factor value Q1 and Q2 in the single-chip microcomputer, Q1 is the efficiency value corresponding to motor nominal load 75% state, Q2 is the efficiency value corresponding to motor nominal load 85% state, in the power-saving running process, single-chip microcomputer is by 5 mouthfuls of I/O, I/O constantly inquires about A/D converter 20 for 6 mouthfuls, the A/D converter send the power factor value Q of actual measurement by 8 data wires the Q1 of singlechip CPU and setting, Q2 compares, CPU controls according to comparative result and sends high level or low level order to I/O 1-I/O4 port, with the control non-contact switch circuit, as long as Q1＜Q＜Q2 then keeps current terminal voltage of motor.

For example, the work at present state is in two sections step-downs, and promptly bidirectional triode thyristor KS1-KS6 turn-offs, the KS7-KS12 conducting, and when Q＜Q1, expression load alleviates, decrease in efficiency.For preventing to cause test illusion frequent movement non-contact switch circuit because of interference, after delaying a period of time, the setting of present embodiment program compares the Q value once more, through twice detection relatively, still be Q＜Q1, then single-chip processor i/o is exported high level for 3 mouthfuls, anti-phase through F3, optical coupler G07-G09 stops luminous, turn-off bidirectional triode thyristor KS7-KS9, three-phase voltage is through XLa1+XLa2+XLa3, XLb1+XLb2+XLb3, three sections reactor sub-windings of XLc1+XLc2+XLc3 step-down is after-applied in motor input terminals, power factor and efficient are improved simultaneously, reach energy-conservation purpose.

Otherwise, if under above-mentioned two sections brownout operation situations, the Q that surveys, compares through secondary still is Q＞Q2, the expression load increases the weight of really, 2 mouthfuls of output low levels of single-chip processor i/o, bidirectional triode thyristor KS4-KS6 conducting is with XLa2+XLa3+XLa4, XLb2+XLb3+XLb4, XLc2+XLc3+XLc4 short circuit, realize rising one-level terminal voltage of motor, prevent the motor stall.

The utility model reactor tap N can select as required, and N is big more, and then the voltage control adjusting is trickleer, and power savings is more remarkable.

The utility model is serially connected in the way of reactor sub-winding in the motor three phase mains loop with the bidirectional triode thyristor short circuit, the terminal voltage of grading control motor, reach energy-conservation purpose, be applicable to the various three-phase alternating-current motor of a few KW to tens KW, no electric spark produces and the vibrations noise, and the significant electric energy and the good ratio of performance to price are arranged.

Claims

1, a kind of motor program control energy saver, comprise that the control motor operates in the monolithic computer of power save mode, the motor power (output) factor measuring circuit that is serially connected in the motor three phase mains loop is arranged, there is analog quantity with motor power (output) factor measuring circuit output to be converted to digital quantity and send the A/D converter of single-chip microcomputer, with good grounds motor power (output) factor, adjust the control circuit of motor three phase terminals voltage synchronously, it is characterized in that described motor three phase terminals voltage control circuit is by the single-chip microcomputer output port:

1) in the motor three phase mains loop, every all the string mutually has the reactor of N tap of band, comprises that N+1 tap of total winding beginning of reactor, tail end is separated into the sub-winding of N level with the total winding of reactor;

2) reactor in the described motor three phase mains loop, N tap of every phase reactor between the total winding tail end of reactor each and be connected to bidirectional triode thyristor;

3) described single machine output end is connected to the control circuit of the conducting of control bidirectional triode thyristor, shutoff, and control circuit output connects described bidirectional triode thyristor trigger electrode.

2, motor program control energy saver according to claim 1, the control circuit that it is characterized in that the conducting of described control bidirectional triode thyristor, shutoff is an optical coupler, optical coupler output connects the described The Trigger of Bidirectional Triode Thyristor utmost point, the optical coupler input stage connects described single machine output end, and same output port Synchronization Control is with the bidirectional triode thyristor in the sub-winding of one-level three-phase reactor.

3, motor program control energy saver according to claim 1 is characterized in that described motor power (output) factor measuring circuit is positioned between reactor and motor three phase windings.