CN212377966U

CN212377966U - Multi-stage combustor

Info

Publication number: CN212377966U
Application number: CN202020418884.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 斯文杰; 周瑞敏
Original assignee: Beijing Yumao Fuyuan Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Yumao Fuyuan Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-27
Filing date: 2020-03-27
Publication date: 2021-01-19
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-27

Abstract

A multi-stage combustor comprising: the side wall of the bottom cylinder is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bottom cylinder; the upper cylinder body is covered on the top of the bottom cylinder body and is connected with the bottom cylinder body; the waste gas low-pressure gas system is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder and used for providing low-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder; the waste gas discharge high-pressure gas system is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder and is used for providing high-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder; the bottom steam system is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder and used for providing steam into the bottom cylinder; and the upper steam system is arranged at the bottom of the upper barrel and is used for providing steam into the upper barrel. The utility model relates to a multistage combustor can reduce flame length, increases the flame rigidity, reduces harmful combustion products such as carbon dioxide and oxynitrides emission and discharges.

Description

Multi-stage combustor

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of chemical plant waste gas treatment, more specifically relates to a multistage combustor.

Background

In petrochemical, coal and other chemical devices, a large amount of harmful combustible waste gas is generated in the production process, and the gas is discharged into the atmosphere after being combusted and treated by an open type torch device or a closed type ground torch device; because the existing burners of the open type torch and the closed type ground torch burn incompletely in the burning process, a large amount of black smoke is covered in the burning process, a large amount of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and the like are generated, and the environment is seriously polluted; the problems of large occupied area, high investment cost, high operation cost and the like are caused by long combustion flame and poor flame rigidity, which cause burning out of the interior of a combustion tower, flame roof fall, steam consumption, small combustor treatment capacity and the like.

Therefore, a new burner is desired, which can effectively solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a multistage combustor can have that burning flame is short, the rigidity is good, characteristics that investment cost is low.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multistage burner, comprising:

the side wall of the bottom cylinder is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bottom cylinder;

the upper cylinder body is covered on the top of the bottom cylinder body and is connected with the bottom cylinder body;

the waste gas low-pressure gas system is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder and used for providing low-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder;

the waste gas discharge high-pressure gas system is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder and used for providing high-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder;

the bottom steam system is arranged at the bottom of the bottom barrel and used for providing steam into the bottom barrel;

and the upper steam system is arranged at the bottom of the upper barrel and used for providing steam into the upper barrel.

Preferably, the exhaust gas low pressure gas system comprises:

one end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe penetrates through the side wall of the bottom cylinder to the inside of the bottom cylinder, and the other end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe is communicated with a low-pressure gas pipeline;

a low pressure annulus pipe located within the bottom cylinder and communicating with the one end of the low pressure inlet pipe;

a plurality of low pressure nozzles circumferentially and evenly distributed on the low pressure annulus.

Preferably, the exhaust gas high pressure gas system includes:

one end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe extends into the bottom cylinder from the lower part of the bottom cylinder, and the other end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe is communicated with a high-pressure gas pipeline;

the high-pressure ring pipe is positioned in the bottom cylinder and is communicated with one end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe, and the high-pressure ring pipe and the low-pressure ring pipe are concentrically arranged;

and the high-pressure nozzles are uniformly distributed on the high-pressure ring pipe along the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the cyclone separator further comprises a plurality of cyclone plates, two ends of each cyclone plate are respectively connected to the low-pressure ring pipe and the high-pressure ring pipe, and the plurality of cyclone plates are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

Preferably, each spinning disk and the axial direction of the bottom barrel form a first included angle which is 10-85 degrees and forms a second included angle with the horizontal direction, and the second included angle is 10-60 degrees.

Preferably, the bottom steam system comprises a central steam system and an annular steam system,

the central steam system includes:

the central mixing cavity is fixed in the center of the bottom cylinder;

the bottom of the steam connecting pipe is communicated with the first steam pipeline, the top of the steam connecting pipe is provided with a central nozzle, and the central nozzle is positioned in the central mixing cavity;

the annular steam system includes:

one end of the steam connecting pipe is communicated with the second steam pipeline;

a steam ring pipe concentrically arranged with the central mixing cavity and located below the bottom cylinder;

the steam nozzles are uniformly distributed on the steam ring pipe along the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the central mixing cavity comprises an upper mixing cavity and a lower mixing cavity, the bottom of the lower mixing cavity is provided with an air inlet, and the central nozzle is positioned in the lower mixing cavity.

Preferably, the lower mixing cavity and the upper mixing cavity are both in a conical cylinder shape, and the small-diameter end of the lower mixing cavity is connected with the small-diameter end of the upper mixing cavity.

Preferably, the upper steam system comprises:

one end of the upper steam pipe is communicated with the third steam pipeline;

the upper steam ring pipe is positioned at the bottom of the upper barrel, and the other end of the upper steam pipe is communicated with the upper steam ring pipe;

and the upper steam nozzles are uniformly distributed on the upper steam ring pipe along the circumferential direction and are positioned between the upper cylinder body and the bottom cylinder body.

Preferably, all be equipped with the valve on low pressure gas pipeline, the high pressure gas pipeline, first steam conduit, second steam conduit and the third steam conduit.

The utility model relates to a multi-stage combustor, its beneficial effect lies in: the combustion capacity is increased, the occupied area is reduced at the same discharge amount, and the defects of small processing capacity, incomplete combustion, insufficient flame length and rigidity, serious black smoke during combustion and the like of the conventional closed ground flare burner and the open ground flare burner are overcome; accelerating the combustion speed of the gas; a large amount of air is sucked by steam to participate in combustion; the cyclone sheet is accelerated to catalyze and combust, so that the length of flame is reduced, and the rigidity of the flame is increased; the emission of harmful combustion products such as carbon dioxide and oxynitride is reduced.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a multi-stage combustor in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic top view of another angled multi-stage combustor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic view of the internal structure of the bottom barrel in a multi-stage combustor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a top view of a bottom barrel in a multi-stage combustor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1 bottom cylinder, 2 air inlet holes, 3 low-pressure air inlet pipes, 4 low-pressure gas system for discharging waste gas, 5 low-pressure ring pipes, 6 low-pressure nozzles, 7 low-pressure spray holes, 8 high-pressure air inlet pipes, 9 high-pressure ring pipes, 10 high-pressure nozzles, 11 high-pressure spray holes, 12 first supports, 13 swirl plates, 14 high-pressure gas system for discharging waste gas, 15 lower mixing chambers, 16 air inlets, 17 steam connecting pipes, 18 central nozzles, 19 upper mixing chambers, 20 steam connecting pipes, 21 steam ring pipes, 22 steam nozzles, 23 bottom steam system, 24 upper steam system, 25 upper steam pipes, 26 upper steam ring pipes, 27 upper steam nozzles, 28 second supports, 29 upper cylinder and 30 flame outlets.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

For solving the problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a multistage combustor, include:

the waste gas discharge high-pressure gas system is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder and is used for providing high-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder;

the bottom steam system is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder and used for providing steam into the bottom cylinder;

and the upper steam system is arranged at the bottom of the upper barrel and is used for providing steam into the upper barrel.

The utility model relates to a multistage burner, the combustion ability of single burner is increased, the floor area is reduced at the same discharge, and the defects of small processing ability, incomplete combustion, insufficient flame length and rigidity, serious black smoke during combustion and the like of the existing closed ground torch burner and open ground torch burner are solved; accelerating the combustion speed of the gas; a large amount of air is drawn in by the steam to participate in the combustion.

Preferably, the upper cylinder body is connected with the bottom cylinder body through a second support and a bolt, and the height of the second support on the bottom cylinder body can be adjusted by replacing different connecting points so as to meet the actual requirement.

Preferably, the exhaust gas low-pressure gas system comprises:

one end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe penetrates through the side wall of the bottom cylinder body to the interior of the bottom cylinder body, and the other end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe is communicated with a low-pressure gas pipeline;

the low-pressure ring pipe is positioned in the bottom cylinder and is communicated with one end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe;

the low-pressure nozzles are uniformly distributed on the low-pressure ring pipe along the circumferential direction, and the top of each low-pressure nozzle is provided with a low-pressure spray hole.

Waste gas discharged in the production process is input into a low-pressure gas pipeline to form low-pressure gas, the low-pressure gas enters a low-pressure gas inlet pipe and flows in the low-pressure gas inlet pipe, and the low-pressure gas is sprayed out of the bottom cylinder body through a plurality of low-pressure nozzles and low-pressure spray holes so as to be combusted in the mixing cylinder body. The spraying direction of the low-pressure nozzle is the same as the axial direction of the bottom cylinder, and the low-pressure ring pipe is arranged concentrically with the axial direction of the bottom cylinder.

Preferably, the exhaust gas high-pressure gas system includes:

one end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe extends into the bottom cylinder from the lower part of the bottom cylinder, and the other end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe is communicated with the high-pressure gas pipeline;

the high-pressure nozzles are uniformly distributed on the high-pressure ring pipe along the circumferential direction, and a high-pressure spray hole is formed in the top of each high-pressure nozzle.

Preferably, the high pressure loop and the low pressure loop are both connected to the inner wall of the bottom cylinder by a first bracket. The spraying direction of the high-pressure nozzle is the same as the axial direction of the bottom cylinder, the high-pressure ring pipe can be arranged on the inner side or the outer side of the low-pressure ring pipe according to actual requirements, and the height of the high-pressure ring pipe in the bottom cylinder and the height of the low-pressure ring pipe in the bottom cylinder can be adjusted according to actual requirements.

Waste gas discharged in the production process is input into a high-pressure gas pipeline to form high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters a high-pressure gas inlet pipe and flows in a high-pressure ring pipe, and the high-pressure gas is sprayed out of the bottom cylinder body through a plurality of high-pressure nozzles and high-pressure spray holes so as to be mixed with the low-pressure gas in the mixing cylinder body for combustion treatment, so that pollution-free discharge is facilitated.

Preferably, still include a plurality of spinning disks, the both ends of every spinning disk are connected respectively in low pressure ring canal and high pressure ring canal, and a plurality of spinning disks along the circumference equipartition in low pressure ring canal. The cyclone sheet accelerates catalytic combustion, reduces the length of flame and increases the rigidity of flame.

Preferably, each spinning disk and the axial direction of the bottom cylinder form a first included angle which is 10 degrees to 85 degrees, and a second included angle which is 10 degrees to 60 degrees is formed between the first included angle and the horizontal direction. The mixed gas of the sprayed low-pressure fuel gas and the sprayed high-pressure fuel gas forms rotational flow through the design angles of the axial direction and the horizontal direction of the rotational flow sheet.

the central steam system includes:

the central mixing cavity is fixed in the center of the bottom cylinder through a bracket;

the bottom of the steam connecting pipe is communicated with the first steam pipeline, and the top of the steam connecting pipe is provided with a central nozzle which is positioned in the central mixing cavity;

the annular steam system includes:

the steam ring pipe is concentrically arranged with the central mixing cavity and is positioned below the bottom cylinder;

Preferably, the central mixing chamber comprises an upper mixing chamber and a lower mixing chamber, the bottom of the lower mixing chamber is provided with an air inlet, and the central nozzle is positioned in the lower mixing chamber.

The steam ring pipe is sleeved outside the central mixing cavity, steam or high-pressure air can be introduced into the first steam pipeline, the steam of the first steam pipeline enters the steam connecting pipe and is sprayed into the central mixing cavity through the central nozzle, meanwhile, a large amount of air is sucked from an air inlet at the bottom of the lower mixing cavity, and the air enters the bottom cylinder body to participate in the combustion of low-pressure fuel gas and high-pressure fuel gas;

the second steam pipeline can be introduced with steam or high-pressure air, the steam of the second steam pipeline enters the steam connecting pipe and flows in the steam ring pipe, the steam is sprayed out from the steam nozzle, the sprayed steam sucks a large amount of air through the air inlet hole in the side wall of the bottom cylinder body, and further participates in combustion to accelerate catalytic combustion, and meanwhile, mixed gas formed by the air, low-pressure gas and high-pressure gas forms rotational flow under the action of the rotational flow sheet, so that the catalytic combustion is accelerated, the flame length is reduced, the flame rigidity is increased, and the steam is used for assisting combustion to eliminate smoke.

Preferably, the lower mixing cavity and the upper mixing cavity are both in a conical cylinder shape, the small-diameter end of the lower mixing cavity is connected with the small-diameter end of the upper mixing cavity, and the upper mixing cavity is arranged above the lower mixing cavity.

Preferably, the upper steam system comprises:

one end of the upper steam pipe is communicated with the third steam pipeline;

Preferably, the top of the upper cylinder is provided with a flame outlet.

The third steam pipeline is used for providing steam or harmful low-heat value waste gas, when the discharged waste gas is heavy component gas, the steam is introduced into the third steam pipeline, the steam enters the upper steam pipe and is sprayed out through the upper steam ring pipe and the upper steam nozzle, the sprayed steam sucks a large amount of air from the bottom of the upper cylinder body to participate in combustion, sucks a small amount of air from the air inlet hole in the side wall of the lower cylinder body to participate in combustion, and is mixed with the mixed gas sprayed out of the lower cylinder body again, so that the combustion is further promoted to be more sufficient, black smoke is reduced, the flame length is reduced, the flame rigidity is improved, and the combustion flame is sprayed out from the flame outlet to burn so as to carry out;

when harmful low-heat value waste gas is produced in the production process, the waste gas has the characteristics of low heat value, toxicity, harm and incombustibility, and cannot be directly discharged and is not easy to directly combust, the waste gas is introduced into a third steam pipeline, and then is sprayed out through an upper steam nozzle and mixed gas sprayed out from a bottom cylinder is mixed again, the mixed gas with high heat value passes through the bottom cylinder, namely, gas, the waste gas is combusted, the size of the steam introduced into each pipeline is adjusted according to the condition of combustion flame, the toxic and harmful waste gas is fully combusted and decomposed, the combusted gas is free of black smoke, low-nitrogen oxide compounds are discharged, and the emission of harmful combustion products such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide compounds is reduced.

Preferably, the low-pressure gas pipeline, the high-pressure gas pipeline, the first steam pipeline, the second steam pipeline and the third steam pipeline are all provided with valves for adjusting and controlling the gas introduction amount.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a multistage burner, including:

the side wall of the bottom cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes 2 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bottom cylinder 1;

the upper cylinder 29 is covered on the top of the bottom cylinder 1, and the upper cylinder 29 is connected to the bottom cylinder 1;

the system comprises a waste gas discharge low-pressure gas system 4, a waste gas discharge low-pressure gas system 4 and a gas supply system, wherein the waste gas discharge low-pressure gas system 4 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder 1 and is used for supplying low-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder 1;

the high-pressure gas system 14 for discharging the waste gas is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder 1 and used for providing high-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder 1;

the bottom steam system 23 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom barrel 1 and used for providing steam into the bottom barrel 1;

and an upper steam system 24, wherein the upper steam system 24 is arranged at the bottom of the upper cylinder 29 and is used for supplying steam into the upper cylinder 29.

In this embodiment, the upper cylinder 29 is connected to the bottom cylinder 1 by the second bracket 28 and bolts.

In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas low-pressure gas system 4 includes:

one end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe 3 penetrates through the side wall of the bottom cylinder 1 to the inside of the bottom cylinder 1, and the other end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe 3 is communicated with a low-pressure gas pipeline;

the low-pressure ring pipe 5 is positioned in the bottom cylinder 1 and is communicated with one end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe 3;

a plurality of low pressure nozzles 6, a plurality of low pressure nozzles 6 are evenly distributed on the low pressure ring pipe 5 along the circumference, and the top of each low pressure nozzle 6 is provided with a low pressure spray hole 7.

Waste gas discharged in the production process is input into a low-pressure gas pipeline to form low-pressure gas, the low-pressure gas enters a low-pressure gas inlet pipe 3 and flows in a low-pressure ring pipe 5, and the low-pressure gas is sprayed out of the bottom barrel 1 through a plurality of low-pressure nozzles 6 and low-pressure spray holes 7 to be combusted in the mixing barrel. The spraying direction of the low-pressure nozzle 6 is the same as the axial direction of the bottom cylinder 1, and the low-pressure ring pipe 5 is concentrically arranged in the axial direction of the bottom cylinder 1.

The exhaust gas high-pressure gas system 14 includes:

one end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe 8 extends into the bottom cylinder 1 from the lower part of the bottom cylinder, and the other end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe 8 is communicated with a high-pressure gas pipeline;

the high-pressure ring pipe 9 is positioned in the bottom barrel 1 and is communicated with one end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe 8, and the high-pressure ring pipe 9 and the low-pressure ring pipe 5 are concentrically arranged;

a plurality of high pressure nozzle 10, a plurality of high pressure nozzle 10 along the circumference equipartition on high pressure ring pipe 9, every high pressure nozzle 10 top is equipped with high pressure orifice 11.

The high pressure loop 9 and the low pressure loop 5 are both connected to the inner wall of the bottom shell 1 by a first bracket 12. The high-pressure nozzle 10 is ejected in the same direction as the axial direction of the bottom cylinder 1.

Waste gas discharged in the production process is input into a high-pressure gas pipeline to form high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters a high-pressure air inlet pipe 8 and flows in a high-pressure ring pipe 9, and the high-pressure gas is sprayed out of the bottom cylinder 1 through a plurality of high-pressure nozzles 10 and high-pressure spray holes 11 to be mixed with the low-pressure gas in the mixing cylinder for combustion treatment.

In this embodiment, still include a plurality of spinning disks 13, the both ends of every spinning disk 13 are connected respectively in low pressure ring pipe 5 and high pressure ring pipe 9, and a plurality of spinning disks 13 along the circumference equipartition of low pressure ring pipe 5.

Every spinning disk 13 forms first contained angle with the axial of bottom barrel 1, and first contained angle is 45, and forms the second contained angle with the horizontal direction, and the second contained angle is 45.

In the present embodiment, the bottom steam system 23 includes a central steam system and an annular steam system, and the central steam system includes:

the central mixing cavity is fixed in the center of the bottom cylinder 1 through a bracket;

the bottom of the steam connecting pipe 20 is communicated with the first steam pipeline, the top of the steam connecting pipe 20 is provided with a central nozzle 18, and the central nozzle 18 is positioned in the central mixing cavity;

the annular steam system includes:

one end of the steam connecting pipe 20 is communicated with the second steam pipeline;

the steam ring pipe 21 is concentrically arranged with the central mixing cavity, and is positioned below the bottom cylinder 1;

a plurality of steam nozzles 22, the plurality of steam nozzles 22 being uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the steam loop pipe 21.

Preferably, the central mixing chamber comprises an upper mixing chamber 19 and a lower mixing chamber 15, the bottom of the lower mixing chamber 15 is provided with an air inlet 16, and a central nozzle 18 is located in the lower mixing chamber 15.

The steam ring pipe 21 is sleeved outside the central mixing cavity, steam or high-pressure air can be introduced into the first steam pipeline, the steam of the first steam pipeline enters the steam connecting pipe 17 and is sprayed into the central mixing cavity through the central nozzle 18, meanwhile, a large amount of air is sucked from the air inlet 16 at the bottom of the lower mixing cavity 15, and the air enters the bottom cylinder 1 to participate in the combustion of low-pressure fuel gas and high-pressure fuel gas;

the second steam pipe lets in steam, and the steam of second steam pipe gets into steam connecting pipe 20 to flow in steam ring pipe 21, spout from steam jet 22, and a large amount of air are inhaled through the air inlet 2 of bottom barrel 1 lateral wall to spun steam, further participate in the burning, in order to accelerate catalytic combustion, and simultaneously, the mist that air, low pressure gas and high-pressure gas formed forms the whirl under the effect of whirl piece 13, thereby catalytic combustion accelerates, reduces flame length, increases flame rigidity, and steam is used for the auxiliary combustion and eliminates smoke.

The lower mixing chamber 15 and the upper mixing chamber 19 are both conical, and the small diameter end of the lower mixing chamber 15 is connected with the small diameter end of the upper mixing chamber 19, and the upper mixing chamber 19 is above the lower mixing chamber 15.

In the present embodiment, the upper steam system 24 includes:

an upper steam pipe 25, one end of the upper steam pipe 25 being communicated with the third steam pipe;

an upper steam loop pipe 26, wherein the upper steam loop pipe 26 is positioned at the bottom of the upper cylinder 29, and the other end of the upper steam pipe 25 is communicated with the upper steam loop pipe 26;

a plurality of upper steam nozzles 27, wherein the plurality of upper steam nozzles 27 are uniformly distributed on the upper steam ring tube 2621 in the circumferential direction and are located between the upper cylinder 29 and the lower cylinder 1.

The top of the upper cylinder 29 is provided with a flame outlet 30.

The third steam pipeline is used for providing steam or harmful low-calorific-value waste gas, in the embodiment, the discharged waste gas is heavy component gas, the steam is introduced into the third steam pipeline, the steam enters the upper steam pipe 25 and is sprayed out through the upper steam ring pipe 26 and the upper steam nozzle 27, the sprayed steam sucks a large amount of air from the bottom of the upper barrel 29 to participate in combustion, sucks a small amount of air from the air inlet hole 2 in the side wall of the bottom barrel 1 to participate in combustion, and is mixed with the mixed gas sprayed out of the bottom barrel 1 again, so that the combustion is further promoted to be more sufficient, black smoke is reduced, the flame length is reduced, the flame rigidity is improved, and the combustion flame is sprayed out from the flame outlet.

In this embodiment, all be equipped with the valve on low pressure gas pipeline, high pressure gas pipeline, first steam conduit, second steam conduit and the third steam conduit for the regulation gas lets in the volume.

While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A multi-stage combustor, comprising:

the air purifier comprises a bottom cylinder (1), wherein the side wall of the bottom cylinder (1) is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes (2) uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;

the upper barrel (29) is covered on the top of the bottom barrel (1) and connected to the bottom barrel (1);

the waste gas low-pressure gas system (4) is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder (1) and used for providing low-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder (1);

the waste gas emission high-pressure gas system (14) is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder (1) and used for providing high-pressure gas into the bottom cylinder (1);

the bottom steam system (23) is arranged at the bottom of the bottom barrel (1) and used for providing steam into the bottom barrel (1);

an upper steam system (24), wherein the upper steam system (24) is arranged at the bottom of the upper cylinder (29) and is used for providing steam into the upper cylinder (29).

2. The multistage burner according to claim 1, characterized in that said exhaust gas low pressure gas system (4) comprises:

one end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe (3) penetrates through the side wall of the bottom cylinder (1) to the inside of the bottom cylinder, and the other end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe (3) is communicated with a low-pressure gas pipeline;

the low-pressure ring pipe (5) is positioned in the bottom cylinder (1) and communicated with one end of the low-pressure air inlet pipe (3);

a plurality of low pressure nozzles (6), the plurality of low pressure nozzles (6) being evenly distributed circumferentially on the low pressure annulus (5).

3. The multistage burner according to claim 2, characterized in that said exhaust gas high pressure gas system (14) comprises:

one end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe (8) extends into the bottom cylinder (1) from the lower part of the bottom cylinder, and the other end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe (8) is communicated with a high-pressure gas pipeline;

the high-pressure ring pipe (9) is positioned in the bottom cylinder (1) and is communicated with one end of the high-pressure air inlet pipe (8), and the high-pressure ring pipe (9) and the low-pressure ring pipe (5) are concentrically arranged;

the high-pressure nozzles (10) are uniformly distributed on the high-pressure ring pipe (9) along the circumferential direction.

4. A multistage burner according to claim 3, further comprising a plurality of swirl plates (13), each swirl plate (13) being connected at both ends to the low pressure and high pressure annuli (5, 9), respectively, and the plurality of swirl plates (13) being circumferentially equispaced.

5. The multi-stage burner according to claim 4, characterized in that each swirl plate (13) forms a first angle with the axial direction of the bottom cylinder (1), the first angle being 10-85 ° and a second angle with the horizontal direction, the second angle being 10-60 °.

6. The multi-stage burner according to claim 3, wherein the bottom steam system (23) comprises a central steam system and an annular steam system,

the central steam system includes:

the central mixing cavity is fixed in the center of the bottom cylinder (1);

the bottom of the steam connecting pipe (17) is communicated with a first steam pipeline, the top of the steam connecting pipe (17) is provided with a central nozzle (18), and the central nozzle (18) is positioned in the central mixing cavity;

the annular steam system includes:

one end of the steam connecting pipe (20) is communicated with the second steam pipeline;

the steam ring pipe (21) is concentrically arranged with the central mixing cavity and is positioned below the bottom cylinder body (1);

a plurality of steam nozzles (22), wherein the plurality of steam nozzles (22) are uniformly distributed on the steam ring pipe (21) along the circumferential direction.

7. The multistage burner according to claim 6, characterized in that said central mixing chamber comprises an upper mixing chamber (19) and a lower mixing chamber (15), the bottom of said lower mixing chamber (15) being provided with an air inlet (16), said central nozzle (18) being located inside said lower mixing chamber (15).

8. The multistage burner according to claim 7, characterized in that said lower mixing chamber (15) and said upper mixing chamber (19) are each of a conical cylindrical shape, and a small diameter end of said lower mixing chamber (15) is connected with a small diameter end of said upper mixing chamber (19).

9. The multi-stage combustor according to claim 6, wherein the upper steam system (24) comprises:

an upper steam pipe (25), one end of the upper steam pipe (25) being communicated with the third steam pipeline;

an upper steam loop pipe (26), wherein the upper steam loop pipe (26) is positioned at the bottom of the upper cylinder body (29), and the other end of the upper steam pipe (25) is communicated with the upper steam loop pipe (26);

a plurality of upper steam nozzles (27), the plurality of upper steam nozzles (27) being circumferentially and evenly distributed on the upper steam ring pipe (26) and being located between the upper cylinder (29) and the bottom cylinder (1).

10. The multi-stage combustor according to claim 9, wherein valves are provided on the low pressure gas conduit, the high pressure gas conduit, the first steam conduit, the second steam conduit and the third steam conduit.