CN212371973U - Sweat gland structure-imitated endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an imitative sweat gland structure endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel, including the emery wheel main part, emery wheel centre bore has been seted up to emery wheel main part center department, the fixed emery wheel grit that is equipped with of emery wheel main part outer wall, emery wheel main part is inside to be seted up the one-level main hole that the multiunit used the emery wheel centre bore to extend as the axial outward. Placing a reticular pipeline in a grinding wheel manufacturing pressing die in advance, wherein the material used by the reticular pipeline is melted and volatilized when meeting high temperature; melting and mixing the materials for manufacturing the grinding wheel, and injecting the mixture into a mold for roll forming. The surface of the grinding wheel continuously obtains a cooling and lubricating film matched with the grinding condition, so that continuous and efficient lubricating antifriction and cooling heat exchange capacities are provided for the grinding wheel, and the purposes of accurately cooling and lubricating a proper fixed area, reducing grinding friction, reducing grinding temperature, inhibiting grinding wheel abrasion and improving the surface quality of a workpiece are achieved.

Description

Sweat gland structure-imitated endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an imitative sweat gland structure endocrine cooling sintered abrasive wheel belongs to abrasive wheel machining technical field.

Background

In machining, grinding remains one of the most important machining processes. Most of energy consumed in the grinding process is accumulated in a grinding arc area in the form of heat energy, and the grinding wheel and a workpiece are easily burnt and scrapped. Therefore, the grinding arc area is mostly cast by cutting fluid during grinding, and in order to improve the lubricating property of the cutting fluid, additives are often added, and most of the additives in the cutting fluid are toxic and harmful substances. In addition, an air flow barrier formed by high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel in the grinding process can prevent the cutting fluid from entering a grinding arc area, and meanwhile, the cutting fluid generates a large amount of toxic smoke under the action of high grinding temperature, so that the environment is greatly damaged.

In the cooling method of cutting processing, the cutting fluid cooling technology is the most traditional and most widely applied method, but the cutting fluid can cause serious pollution to the environment in various stages of manufacturing, using, treating, discharging and the like, and the application of the cutting fluid is strictly limited. The quasi-dry cutting technologies such as the MQL technology, the low-temperature cold air technology, the atomization cooling technology, the liquid jet lubrication technology and the like have certain effects, but the problems of complex system, discontinuous cooling medium, small amount of pollution and the like also exist.

The nano particle coating lubrication has achieved good effect in coating the cutter, but because of the multiple-edged abrasive grains on the surface of the grinding wheel, the coating on the surface of the grinding wheel like the cutter is difficult. When the grinding wheel is coated with a hard coating, the problems of reduced lubricating performance of a lubricant, poor lubricant precipitation, short acting time and the like exist, so that the lubricating effect of the coating is not obvious. When the 'soft' coating of the grinding wheel is required, the problems that the lubricant coating is easy to fall off and block the grinding wheel exist, and the high-temperature secretion cooling lubrication process is a process of separating out and enriching the composite cooling lubrication body and forming a lubrication film layer on the friction surface.

Dry grinding has little environmental pollution and simple process, but has insufficient cooling performance and high requirements on equipment such as machine tools and the like. The cold air, liquid nitrogen and MQL minimal quantity lubrication technology has little environmental pollution, but needs special cold air and liquid nitrogen using devices. The solid coating grinding wheel lubrication technology can cross a grinding wheel air flow barrier and has antifriction performance, but the cooling performance is not high, and a lubricant cannot be continuously separated out. The air current barrier can be crossed in interior cold emery wheel abrasive machining, has the rotation unbalance, the extravagant problem of coolant liquid.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an imitative sweat gland structure endocrine cooling sintered abrasive wheel to solve the problem that proposes in the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the utility model provides an imitative sweat gland structure endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel, includes the emery wheel main part, emery wheel centre bore has been seted up to emery wheel main part center department, the fixed emery wheel grit that is equipped with of emery wheel main part outer wall, emery wheel main part is inside to be seted up the multiunit and to use the emery wheel centre bore as the outer one-level main hole that extends of axial, one-level main hole deviates from the one end of emery wheel centre bore and runs through emery wheel main part outer wall, the inside multiunit emery wheel capillary hole of having seted up of emery wheel, emery wheel capillary hole centers on around one-level main hole, and emery wheel.

As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, one-level main pore aperture is 0.3mm to 0.5mm, the aperture in emery wheel capillary hole is less than the aperture in one-level main pore.

As an optimized technical scheme of the utility model, emery wheel capillary hole includes second grade hole and tertiary hole, second grade hole aperture is 0.08mm to 0.15mm, tertiary hole aperture is less than 0.08 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model discloses use for the reference organism principle of perspiring to make nanometer fluid secrete emery wheel surface under the effect of grinding high temperature and centrifugal force and form a thin layer, emery wheel surface continuously obtains the cooling and lubrication film that matches with the grinding situation, for the emery wheel provides continuous, the lubricated antifriction of efficient and cooling heat transfer ability, realizes the purpose of the accurate cooling and lubrication in proper amount fixed region, reduction grinding friction, reduction grinding temperature, inhibition emery wheel wearing and tearing and improvement workpiece surface quality.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. grinding wheel abrasive grains; 2. a grinding wheel center hole; 3. a primary void; 4. and (5) capillary pores of the grinding wheel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to fig. 1, the utility model provides an imitative sweat gland structure endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel, including the emery wheel main part, emery wheel centre bore 2 has been seted up to emery wheel main part center department, the fixed emery wheel grit 1 that is equipped with of emery wheel main part outer wall, emery wheel main part is inside to have seted up the one-level main hole 3 that the multiunit used emery wheel centre bore 2 to extend outward for the axial, emery wheel main part outer wall is run through to the one end that one-level main hole 3 deviates from emery wheel centre bore 2, multiunit emery wheel capillary hole 4 has been seted up to emery wheel inside, emery wheel capillary hole 4 centers on around one-level main hole 3, and emery.

The aperture of the primary main pore 3 is 0.3mm to 0.5mm, and the aperture of the grinding wheel capillary pore 4 is smaller than that of the primary main pore 3.

The grinding wheel capillary pores 4 comprise secondary pores and tertiary pores, the pore diameter of the secondary pores is 0.08mm to 0.15mm, and the pore diameter of the tertiary pores is less than 0.08 mm.

A preparation method of a sweat gland structure-imitated endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel comprises the following steps: placing a reticular pipeline in a grinding wheel manufacturing pressing die in advance, wherein the material used by the reticular pipeline is melted and volatilized when meeting high temperature; step two: melting and mixing materials for manufacturing the grinding wheel, and injecting the materials into a mold for roll forming; step three: putting the grinding wheel formed by pressing into a drying box for heating; step four: and (4) putting the grinding wheel subjected to compression molding into a high-temperature vacuum sintering furnace for high-temperature sintering, and discharging for molding.

The first step of the method comprises the steps that the mesh pipelines comprise a first-stage pipeline and a second-stage pipeline, the first-stage pipeline is provided with a plurality of groups and is annularly distributed by taking a central axis of an inner cavity of the die as an axis, the end of the first-stage pipeline extends to the inner wall of the grinding wheel manufacturing pressing die, the second-stage pipeline surrounds the periphery of the first-stage pipeline, and the first-stage pipeline and the second-stage pipeline are mutually.

The diameter of the first-stage pipeline is 0.3mm to 0.5mm, the diameter of the second-stage pipeline is 0.08mm to 0.15mm, the first-stage pipeline and the second-stage pipeline are made of fusible polytetrafluoroethylene plastic, the pipeline structure further comprises a third-stage capillary pipeline, the diameter of the third-stage capillary pipeline is smaller than 0.08mm, the third-stage capillary pipeline is made of a pore-forming agent, and the third-stage capillary pipeline is formed by the pore-forming agent in the sintering process.

The communication rate of the secondary pipeline and the tertiary capillary pipeline is determined by the distribution density of the secondary pipeline and the volume ratio of the pore-forming agent material.

The higher the communication rate of the secondary pipeline and the tertiary capillary pipeline is, the smaller the distribution density of the secondary pipeline and the volume ratio of the pore-forming agent material is.

The heating temperature in the third step is 200-300 ℃.

The working flow of the utility model will be specifically explained below: the ordered control mode is that when the grinding wheel component powder is pressed and formed, a mesh pipeline which is designed according to a pore structure and made of a pore-forming agent material is placed in a pressing mould in advance, the mesh pipeline cannot be damaged when the grinding wheel component powder is pressed and formed under a certain pressure, the grinding wheel component powder is placed in a drying box after being pressed and formed and then dried at high temperature, the pipeline structure is melted and volatilized at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, and then the grinding wheel powder pressing body is placed in a high-temperature vacuum sintering furnace for high-temperature sintering.

The size, shape and distribution of the network main pores and the capillary pores are determined by a pore-forming agent material mesh pipeline model, the primary main pores and the secondary main pores are determined by fusible plastic wires, the fusible polytetrafluoroethylene plastic is wound into a specific structure according to the design requirement, the three-level pore, namely capillary pore-forming agent material is composed of a pore-forming agent (CaCO3, TIH2, NH4HCO3 and the like) particle pore-forming agent, a forming agent, forming glue and auxiliary materials, firstly, thin tubes with different lengths and different diameters are manufactured by fusible polytetrafluoroethylene plastic wire materials with the diameter of 0.5m, main pore pipelines are arranged, and then winding a plastic wire secondary pore pipeline with the diameter of 0.1 on the main pore pipeline, wherein the tertiary capillary pipeline is formed by a pore-forming agent material in the sintering process, and the communication rate of the secondary pore and the tertiary pore is determined by the distribution density of the plastic wire of the secondary pipeline and the volume ratio of the pore-forming agent material.

The controllable infiltration device consists of a pressure pump, a controller, a pipeline, a valve, a pressure gauge, a liquid storage barrel and the like. The nanometer fluid infiltration grinding wheel process adopts a pressure control method, the pore intercommunicated sintering grinding wheel is firstly communicated with an infiltration device pipeline and removes impurities and volatile matters inside the pipeline under the action of a high-pressure pump, and dry compressed air or inert gas is utilized to apply certain pressure to nanometer fluid so that the nanometer fluid quickly permeates and fills the inside of the pore intercommunicated sintering grinding wheel structure.

The pressure infiltration grinding wheel device mainly comprises a controller, an air pump, a drying electric furnace, an infiltration cylinder, a storage cylinder, a filter, a dust absorption dryer, a powder pump and the like, wherein the drying electric furnace adopts a circular or elliptical sealed metal box, a hot oil heating or electric induction heating method is adopted, the outer surface of the cylinder is wrapped with a heat insulation layer, a pressure gauge, a thermometer, a safety valve and the like are arranged on the cylinder, and in addition, a lead-out wire porcelain column is also arranged to measure the insulation resistance of a coil.

The material soaking cylinder is round and made of thick steel plate, and is provided with a pressure gauge, a vacuum gauge, an observation window and a safety valve. The soaking cylinder and the drying furnace are integrated, the storage cylinder is similar to the soaking cylinder, and a stirrer needs to be arranged and driven by an explosion-proof motor. The nano fluid filter is communicated with the material soaking cylinder and is controlled by a valve, the filter mainly filters impurities in nano particle fluid, the dust collection dryer mainly filters compressed air to remove moisture and dust, silica gel is used as a drying agent, and glass fiber is used for filtering the impurities.

Analyzing the nano-fluid on-line transport process technology, optimally designing a grinding fluid supply flow path, realizing intelligent controllable nano-fluid supply by using a photoelectric encoder, a single chip microcomputer and the like, assembling elements such as a control mainboard, a motor, a nano-fluid charging barrel, a nano-fluid recycling barrel, a liquid pump, a control valve, a sintering grinding wheel, a pipeline and the like, and preparing the nano-fluid on-line infiltration system based on multi-signal feedback control of grinding temperature signals, grinding vibration and the like.

When the cooling lubricating medium is sprayed outside, the air flow barrier formed by the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel prevents the cooling liquid from effectively entering the grinding arc area, and the structure of the grinding wheel is sintered to enable the cooling lubricating medium to be separated out to the grinding arc area through the interior of the grinding wheel.

To sum up, the utility model relates to an imitative sweat gland structure endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel, based on the abrasive machining characteristics of difficult processing materials such as titanium alloy, hole intercommunication sweat gland structure sintered grinding wheel has been proposed, according to organism sweat gland structural feature, through ordered through-hole control, it has certain shape, size and distribution to prepare, and link up mutually for network form main pore and capillary pore, and open up in the sintered grinding wheel of mesoscale pore structure of internal and external surface, it has good melting, cooling, the nanometer particle composite fluid of lubricity when the infiltration soaks the high temperature in the emery wheel hole through controllable infiltration device, during grinding, under the drive of grinding heat, secrete the nanometer fluid of storing in sintered grinding wheel mesoscale pore to the grinding interface with the secreted mode of organism sweat, form the lubricated rete and play the cooling lubrication effect.

By means of the online controllable infiltration grinding wheel device, the nano particle composite fluid is infiltrated into the grinding wheel, the nano fluid is secreted to the surface of the grinding wheel under the action of high grinding temperature and centrifugal force by means of organism sweating principle to form a thin film layer, the infiltration grinding device is controlled by monitoring the grinding condition in a feedback manner in real time, the surface of the grinding wheel continuously obtains a cooling and lubricating thin film matched with the grinding condition, continuous and efficient lubricating antifriction and cooling heat exchange capacities are provided for the grinding wheel, and the purposes of properly determining the accurate cooling and lubricating in an area, reducing the grinding friction, reducing the grinding temperature, inhibiting the grinding wheel abrasion and improving the surface quality of a workpiece are achieved.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides an imitative sweat gland structure endocrine cooling emery wheel, includes the emery wheel main part, emery wheel centre bore (2) have been seted up to emery wheel main part center department, its characterized in that, the fixed emery wheel grit (1) that is equipped with of emery wheel main part outer wall, emery wheel main part is inside to be seted up the one-level main hole (3) that the multiunit used emery wheel centre bore (2) to extend as the axial, the one end that one-level main hole (3) deviates from emery wheel centre bore (2) runs through emery wheel main part outer wall, multiunit emery wheel capillary hole (4) have been seted up to the emery wheel inside, emery wheel capillary hole (4) are around one-level main hole (3), and emery wheel capillary hole (4) link.

2. The sweat gland structure-imitated endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the aperture of the primary main pore (3) is 0.3mm to 0.5mm, and the aperture of the grinding wheel capillary pore (4) is smaller than that of the primary main pore (3).

3. The sweat gland structure-imitated endocrine cooling sintered grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the grinding wheel capillary pores (4) comprise secondary pores and tertiary pores, the pore diameter of the secondary pores is 0.08mm to 0.15mm, and the pore diameter of the tertiary pores is less than 0.08 mm.

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