CN212371403U - Beryllium window welding equipment for X-ray tube - Google Patents
Beryllium window welding equipment for X-ray tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN212371403U CN212371403U CN202020653408.XU CN202020653408U CN212371403U CN 212371403 U CN212371403 U CN 212371403U CN 202020653408 U CN202020653408 U CN 202020653408U CN 212371403 U CN212371403 U CN 212371403U
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Abstract
The application relates to X-ray tube beryllium window welding equipment which comprises a frame and a beryllium window pressing structure used for fixing a beryllium window workpiece in the frame, wherein the beryllium window workpiece comprises a beryllium window support, a beryllium sheet and a welding flux, the thermal expansion coefficient of the frame is different from that of the beryllium window pressing structure and the beryllium window support, the frame and the beryllium window pressing structure provided with the beryllium window workpiece are mutually pressed during heat treatment and heat preservation, and the frame, the beryllium window pressing structure, the beryllium window support and the beryllium sheet can bear the temperature and the pressure during heat treatment. The beryllium window pressing structure is composed of a plug block, a pressing block and a cushion block, the pressing block and the cushion block are both provided with vent holes, the vent holes of the pressing block are communicated to the upper surface of the beryllium sheet, and the vent holes of the cushion block are communicated to the lower surface of the solder. The structure of the device is simple, the device is convenient to use and low in cost, pressurizing equipment is saved, the heat treatment temperature is reduced, the possibility that beryllium diffuses at high temperature to form a weld hole is reduced, the space is saved, and the simultaneous processing quantity is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to X-ray tube beryllium window welding equipment, in particular to welding equipment (tool) for welding an X-ray tube beryllium window by utilizing a thermal expansion relation.
Background
The X-ray tube is a core component of an element detector, medical diagnosis equipment and material thickness measuring equipment. The X-ray tube ray window is a metal titanium window and an aluminum window, because the metal beryllium has higher transmittance to X-rays than the metal titanium and the metal aluminum, and the X-ray intensity and dosage required for obtaining the same clear image are much lower, therefore, the metal beryllium is the best choice for the ray window of the X-ray vacuum device no matter the human body safety and the environmental protection.
Beryllium is generally brazed and diffusion welded. During brazing, the wettability and the flowability of the beryllium surface of a common brazing solder are poor, beryllium is easy to oxidize, an oxide film is not easy to break during brazing, and the brazing difficulty is increased. Furthermore, brazing of beryllium windows is not suitable to be carried out at too high a temperature, and beryllium is likely to diffuse at high temperatures, thereby forming voids at the weld joint interface.
The traditional beryllium window vacuum diffusion welding needs to be carried out on special vacuum diffusion welding equipment, and because the vacuum diffusion welding equipment is connected by three systems of pressurization, heating and vacuum, the equipment quotation or external cooperation processing cost is very expensive, and only one group or a plurality of groups of workpieces can be welded at each time, the production efficiency is low, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem that this application was solved is overcome the above-mentioned not enough that exists among the prior art, and provides a structure succinct, convenient to use, and is with low costs, effectual X-ray tube beryllium window welding equipment.
The technical scheme adopted by the application for solving the technical problems comprises the following steps:
the beryllium window workpiece consists of a beryllium window support, a beryllium sheet and a welding flux, the thermal expansion coefficient of the frame is different from that of the beryllium window compression structure and the beryllium window support, the frame and the beryllium window compression structure provided with the beryllium window workpiece are mutually compressed during heat treatment and heat preservation (no gap exists between the frame and the beryllium window compression structure provided with the beryllium window workpiece at the moment), the frame, the beryllium window compression structure, the beryllium window support and the beryllium sheet can bear (cannot be damaged) the temperature and the pressure during heat treatment, and the welding flux is melted and welded during heat treatment and heat preservation to finish the welding processing of the beryllium window of the X-ray tube.
The beryllium window pressing structure is composed of a plug block, a pressing block and a cushion block, the pressing block and the cushion block are both provided with vent holes, the vent holes of the pressing block are communicated to the upper surface of the beryllium sheet, and the vent holes of the cushion block are communicated to the lower surface of the solder.
The briquetting is provided with and compresses tightly the step, compresses tightly the step edge and has the chamfer.
The briquetting design has waist shape structure. And the pressing step of the pressing block covers the beryllium sheet and the solder.
The frame is provided with a front opening and a rear opening of the frame, the height of the front opening and the rear opening of the frame-the height of the beryllium window pressing structure-the height of the beryllium window support in the beryllium window pressing structure-the thickness of the beryllium sheet is 20-80% of the thickness of the solder before heat treatment when the heat treatment and heat preservation stage is finished.
The frame is made of 1Cr13 stainless steel, the chock block, the pressing block, the cushion block and the beryllium window support are made of 304 stainless steel, and the welding flux is AgCuNi28-2 welding flux.
The welding method of the X-ray tube beryllium window is characterized by welding by adopting X-ray tube beryllium window welding equipment, wherein the X-ray tube beryllium window welding equipment comprises a frame and a beryllium window pressing structure used for fixing a beryllium window workpiece in the frame, the thermal expansion coefficient of the frame is different from that of the beryllium window pressing structure and the beryllium window support, and the frame, the beryllium window pressing structure, the beryllium window support and the beryllium sheet can bear (cannot be damaged) the temperature and the pressure during heat treatment, and the welding method comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning the beryllium window part, the frame and the beryllium window pressing structure of the X-ray tube before welding, and removing oil stains on the surface;
s2: the beryllium window machined part is fixed in the frame through a beryllium window pressing structure;
s3: placing the frame fixed with the beryllium window workpiece and the beryllium window pressing structure in a vacuum furnace for heat treatment according to a set program, so that the frame and the beryllium window pressing structure provided with the beryllium window workpiece are mutually pressed (no gap exists between the frame and the beryllium window pressing structure provided with the beryllium window workpiece) during heat treatment and heat preservation, and the beryllium window part of the X-ray tube is welded under the action of a solder;
s4: and (3) carrying out leak detection on the beryllium window of the X-ray tube subjected to heat treatment (welding) by a helium-apor leak detector.
The difference range of the linear expansion coefficients of the frame, the beryllium window pressing structure and the beryllium window support is 5 multiplied by 10-6/℃～10×10-6And in the range of/° C, the thermal expansion stress between the beryllium sheet and the beryllium window support is not less than 200Mpa during heat treatment and heat preservation, and the range of an initial gap between a beryllium window pressing structure provided with a beryllium window workpiece and the frame before welding (when the step S2 is completed) is 0-0.1 mm.
The step S3 of the present application includes: and placing the assembled frame on a tray of a vacuum furnace, starting the vacuum furnace, lifting the tray, setting welding process parameters, starting a welding program, and sequentially finishing cold state vacuum pumping, temperature rise, heat preservation and temperature reduction of the vacuum furnace to finish welding of the beryllium window of the X-ray tube.
This application vacuum furnace intensifies temperature, keeps warm and the cooling step includes: raising the temperature in the vacuum furnace to between 530 and 560 ℃ after 60 minutes of temperature rise time, preserving the heat for 5 minutes at between 530 and 560 ℃, naturally cooling to 300 ℃, and introducing nitrogen to reduce the temperature to normal temperature.
The range of the cold local vacuum degree before temperature rise is 5 multiplied by 10-4Pa ～1×10-3Pa, thermal vacuum degree range of 5 × 10-4Pa ～1×10-3Pa, i.e. the vacuum degree is maintained at 5X 10 after cold state vacuum pumping and before nitrogen filling-4Pa ～1×10-3Pa is between Pa.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and effects: the structure is succinct, convenient to use, and is with low costs, saves compression equipment, reduces the heat treatment temperature, reduces beryllium and forms the possibility of welding seam cavity at high temperature diffusion, practices thrift the space, improves the simultaneous processing quantity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the beryllium window support of fig. 1 and the position of the beryllium sheet and solder therein.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the chock of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein: the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of 1-frame, 2-chock block, 3-briquetting, 4-cushion block, 5-compaction step, 6-chamfer, 7-vent hole, 8-waist-shaped structure, 9-beryllium window support, 10-beryllium piece (thickness is 0.125-0.2 mm), 11-welding flux (annular welding piece, special case silver copper nickel welding piece), 12-frame two-side opening, and 13-frame front and back opening.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples, which are illustrative of the present application and are not limited to the following examples. The two sides and front and back are described in this application with respect to fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the beryllium window workpiece of the X-ray tube of the present embodiment is composed of a beryllium window support 9, a beryllium sheet 10, and a solder 11, and the X-ray tube beryllium window welding device (tool) includes a frame 1 (middle and peripheral ventilation structure), a stopper 2, a press block 3, and a cushion block 4. Wherein the pressing block 3 is provided with a pressing step 5, the edge of the pressing step 5 is provided with a chamfer 6, the pressing block 3 and the cushion block 4 are both provided with vent holes 7, and the plugging blocks 2 with different heights (referring to the vertical distance in figure 1) are matched with the size of the beryllium window support 9.
The welding method of the beryllium window of the X-ray tube comprises the following steps:
the framework 1, X-ray tube beryllium window components (comprising a beryllium window bracket 9 and a beryllium sheet 10) and a beryllium window pressing structure (consisting of a chock block 2, a pressing block 3 and a cushion block 4) are required to be cleaned before welding;
placing the cushion block 4 into the frame 1;
placing a beryllium window support 9 on the cushion block 4, then placing a solder 11 on a beryllium sheet 10 supporting surface of the beryllium window support 9, placing the beryllium sheet 10 on the solder 11, and centering the beryllium sheet 10 and the solder 11 (the beryllium sheet 10, the solder 11 and the beryllium window support 9 are circular and concentric relative to the top view of fig. 1);
mounting the pressing block 3 on the beryllium sheet 10;
the pressing block 3 is plugged into the chock block 2 and/or other plugging structures (such as gaskets) until the chock block 2, the pressing block 3, the beryllium sheet 10, the solder 11, the beryllium window bracket 9 and the cushion block 4 are pressed or basically pressed against each other (the gap between the chock block 2 and the frame 1 is not more than 0.1 mm);
placing the assembled device and the welding flux 11 on a tray of a vertical vacuum furnace, starting the vacuum furnace, lifting the tray, setting diffusion welding process parameters, starting a beryllium window welding program, and sequentially completing the steps of cold vacuumizing, temperature rising in the furnace, heat preservation and temperature lowering to complete the vacuum diffusion welding of the beryllium window component of the X-ray tube; and (3) carrying out leak detection on the welded X-ray tube beryllium window by a helium plain leak detector. The cold state vacuum degree and the hot state vacuum degree are 5 multiplied by 10 during welding-4Pa ～1×10-3Pa; heating for 60 minutes, keeping the temperature at 545 ℃ (530 ℃ to 560 ℃), keeping the temperature for 5 minutes, naturally cooling to 300 ℃, filling nitrogen, and cooling to normal temperature.
The welding flux 11 is AgCuNi28-2 welding flux, a ring with the thickness of 0.06mm is formed before the welding flux 11 is subjected to heat treatment, and the diameter of the ring is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the beryllium sheet 10.
According to the application, the front opening and the rear opening 13 of the frame are used for placing a beryllium window pressing structure and a beryllium window workpiece (composed of an X-ray tube beryllium window part and a welding flux 11) in the beryllium window pressing structure into the frame 1, and the height of the front opening and the rear opening 13 of the frame before non-heat treatment-the height of the beryllium window pressing structure provided with the beryllium window workpiece before non-heat treatment = the initial gap L between the frame 1 and the beryllium window pressing structure provided with the beryllium window workpiece. Particularly, at the end of the heat preservation stage of the heat treatment, the height of the front and rear openings 13 of the frame, the height of the beryllium window pressing structure, the height of the beryllium window support 9 in the beryllium window pressing structure, and the thickness of the K-beryllium sheet 10 are between 20% and 80% of the thickness of the solder 11 before the heat treatment (at this time, the gap between the frame 1 and the beryllium window pressing structure provided with the beryllium window workpiece is 0), and is optimally between 40% and 60%, namely, the thickness of the processed solder layer is about half of the thickness of the original solder 11.
The height of the framework 1 is set according to actual needs, the special case is 110mm, and the height of the beryllium window pressing structure is set according to the actual needs and the technical requirements.
The working principle and the technical effect of the application are as follows:
utilize 1 material Cr13 stainless steel of high temperature underframe and chock 2, briquetting 3, cushion 4, difference between two kinds of material thermal expansion coefficients of beryllium window support 9 material 304 stainless steel, provide the required pressure of pressure diffusion welding for the work piece, this process need not use pressure system at the vacuum welding stove, traditional vacuum pressure stove only has one set of pressure system, can't guarantee that every product receives the pressure the same when welding a plurality of products, so usually a stove can only weld three product at most, this application can place the embodiment as far as possible according to furnace space size, it is unrestricted to place quantity, welding cost and structural complexity have been reduced, the space is saved, welding efficiency is improved.
In the following description, the initial gap before welding is 0-0.1 mm, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the frame material (1 Cr 13) is smaller than that of the beryllium window pressing structure and the beryllium window bracket 9 material (304 stainless steel), wherein the thermal expansion coefficient of the 304 stainless steel is 18.6 × 10-6The thermal expansion coefficient of 1Cr13 is 11X 10 at 20-800 deg.C-6The pressing step 5 of the pressing block 3 covers the beryllium sheet 10 and the solder 11 at the temperature of 20-800 ℃. During high-temperature welding (namely heat preservation time), the welding equipment provides thermal expansion stress of at least 200Mpa between the beryllium sheet 10 and the beryllium window bracket 9 to realize welding and ensure the welding strength. Meanwhile, the compressive stress among the beryllium window pressing structure, the beryllium window support 9 and the beryllium sheet 10 and between the beryllium window pressing structure and the frame 1 is not greater than the compressive strength of the materials of the frame 1, the beryllium window pressing structure, the beryllium window support 9 and the beryllium window 10.
The beryllium sheet 10 is a conventional beryllium sheet, and plating treatment is not needed, so that the working time and the cost are saved.
The pressing block 3 and the beryllium piece 10 contact end face in the tool is provided with a pressing step 5, and the edge of the pressing step 5 is provided with a chamfer 6, so that deformation of the tool due to pressure during welding is avoided, and clamping stagnation of the tool and the beryllium window of the X-ray tube due to high-temperature deformation is prevented.
Briquetting 3, cushion 4 all are provided with air vent 7, prevent to produce gaseous dead zone.
The briquetting 3 design has waist shape structure 8, can prevent the part because of the jamming of high temperature deformation when welding longer this embodiment subassembly.
All simple variations and combinations of the technical features and technical solutions of the present application are considered to fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An X-ray tube beryllium window welding device is characterized in that: the beryllium window processing piece is composed of a beryllium window support, a beryllium sheet and solder, the thermal expansion coefficient of the frame is different from that of the beryllium window compression structure and the beryllium window support, the frame and the beryllium window compression structure provided with the beryllium window processing piece are mutually compressed during heat treatment and heat preservation, and the frame, the beryllium window compression structure, the beryllium window support and the beryllium sheet can bear the temperature and pressure during heat treatment.
2. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the beryllium window pressing structure is composed of a plug block, a pressing block and a cushion block, the pressing block and the cushion block are both provided with vent holes, the vent holes of the pressing block are communicated to the upper surface of the beryllium sheet, and the vent holes of the cushion block are communicated to the lower surface of the solder.
3. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the briquetting is provided with and compresses tightly the step, compresses tightly the step edge and has the chamfer.
4. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the briquetting design has waist shape structure.
5. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the frame is provided with a front opening and a rear opening of the frame, the height of the front opening and the rear opening of the frame-the height of the beryllium window pressing structure-the height of the beryllium window support in the beryllium window pressing structure-the thickness of the beryllium sheet is 20-80% of the thickness of the solder before heat treatment when the heat treatment and heat preservation stage is finished.
6. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the frame is made of 1Cr13 stainless steel.
7. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the chock blocks, the pressing block, the cushion block and the beryllium window support are made of 304 stainless steel.
8. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the difference range of the linear expansion coefficients of the frame, the beryllium window pressing structure and the beryllium window bracket is 5 multiplied by 10-6/℃～10×10-6In the range/° c.
9. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the thermal expansion stress between the beryllium sheet and the beryllium window bracket is not less than 200MPa during heat treatment and heat preservation.
10. The X-ray tube beryllium window welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the initial clearance range between the beryllium window pressing structure provided with the beryllium window machined part and the frame is 0-0.1 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020653408.XU CN212371403U (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | Beryllium window welding equipment for X-ray tube |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020653408.XU CN212371403U (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | Beryllium window welding equipment for X-ray tube |
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| CN212371403U true CN212371403U (en) | 2021-01-19 |
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| CN202020653408.XU Active CN212371403U (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | Beryllium window welding equipment for X-ray tube |
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