CN212366201U - Dipole antenna - Google Patents
Dipole antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN212366201U CN212366201U CN202021938794.3U CN202021938794U CN212366201U CN 212366201 U CN212366201 U CN 212366201U CN 202021938794 U CN202021938794 U CN 202021938794U CN 212366201 U CN212366201 U CN 212366201U
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- antenna
- joint
- enameled wire
- dipole antenna
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dipole antenna, include: the antenna comprises a transmission line transformer and an antenna element, wherein the antenna element comprises a first radiator and a second radiator. The transmission line transformer comprises a first joint, a second joint and a third joint. The first joint is electrically connected with a feed point of the antenna oscillator, the first joint is obtained by electrically connecting a first enameled wire and a second enameled wire which are wound on the plastic rod, the second joint is electrically connected with a first radiating body of the antenna oscillator, and the third joint is electrically connected with a second radiating body of the antenna oscillator. The impedance of the antenna element and the impedance of the feed system are matched to each other according to the transmission line transformer. And the bandwidth of the dipole antenna is increased by the transmission line transformer under the condition of limiting the size of the antenna element. By means of the balance and unbalance functions of the transmission lines, the influence of the coaxial line outer skin leakage current excitation magnetic field on the radiation of the antenna caused by the direct connection of the unbalanced coaxial line feed system and the balanced antenna is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of communications, especially, relate to a dipole antenna.
Background
The dipole antenna is composed of two sections of conductor oscillators with equal length and equal thickness, each section of conductor is also called an oscillator, the length of the oscillator is 1/4 wavelengths, namely the total length of the dipole antenna is half-wavelength, and therefore the dipole antenna is also called a half-wave symmetrical oscillator. The dipole antenna element can be in a horizontal position or a vertical position. The directional diagram is symmetrical with the feeding point. Wherein the feed point is at the center of the dipole antenna. With the development of ultra-short wave communication, higher design requirements are put forward on an antenna, the frequency bandwidth of the antenna is required to be wider and wider for more radio stations, and the size requirement is smaller and smaller under the condition of ensuring the gain of the antenna.
In the prior art, when a monopole antenna is adopted, a ground screen is required to be used as a mirror reflector for the monopole antenna, and a group array form is adopted under the condition of high gain requirement, so that the frequency bandwidth is relatively narrow. It is not suitable for the case that the gain requirement is high and the frequency bandwidth is wide. When the dipole antenna is adopted, a coaxial line feeding mode is adopted at present, the antenna oscillator is thickened through self-resonance, and the bandwidth of the dipole antenna is widened through LC matching or a sleeve structure is added to the dipole antenna. However, the above method is difficult to be implemented in engineering due to its large size in the low frequency band. And the transformation from the unbalanced state to the balanced state is not achieved, so that the influence of a magnetic field excited by current leaked from the outer skin of the coaxial line on the antenna is required to be controlled.
Therefore, there is a need for a solution that enables a dipole antenna to have a broadband bandwidth, a small size, a high power, and an unbalanced and balanced transformation function without changing the performance of the dipole antenna.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An embodiment of the utility model provides a dipole antenna for under the prerequisite of the diameter of assurance antenna, improved dipole antenna's bandwidth, increased power, make dipole antenna have unbalance and balance transform function.
An embodiment of the utility model provides a dipole antenna, include: the antenna comprises a transmission line transformer and an antenna oscillator, wherein the antenna oscillator comprises a first radiator and a second radiator;
the transmission line transformer comprises a first joint, a second joint and a third joint; the first joint is electrically connected with a feed point of the antenna element; the first joint is obtained by electrically connecting a first enameled wire and a second enameled wire which are wound on the plastic rod; for impedance transformation;
the second joint is electrically connected with the first radiator of the antenna oscillator;
and the third joint is electrically connected with the second radiator of the antenna oscillator.
According to the technical scheme, the first radiator and the second radiator of the antenna oscillator are connected together through the transmission line transformer, the impedance of the antenna oscillator is matched with the impedance of the feed system through the transmission line transformer, meanwhile, the unbalance and balance conversion function of the transmission line transformer avoids the current on the outer surface of the feed line of the feed system caused by the fact that the feed line of the feed system is directly and electrically connected with the antenna oscillator, the current on the outer surface of the feed line of the feed system is prevented from radiating, and the antenna performance is improved. And further, the current leakage of the outer conductor of the feeder line of the feeding system is reduced, and the energy loss is reduced. And the bandwidth of the dipole antenna is increased by the transmission line transformer under the condition of limiting the size of the dipole antenna. The bandwidth is not increased by increasing the size of the dipole antenna.
Optionally, the transmission line transformer further includes a first enameled wire, a second enameled wire, and a plastic rod;
and a part of the first enameled wire and a part of the second enameled wire are wound on the plastic rod in a spiral shape side by side to form a coil of the transmission line transformer.
In the technical scheme, the enameled wire is wound on the plastic rod in a spiral manner to form the coil of the transmission line transformer, and the number of turns of the coil and the distance between the coils are determined in a double-wire winding manner, so that the bandwidth requirements required by the antenna oscillator under different scenes are matched.
Optionally, a first end of the first enameled wire is electrically connected to a second end of the second enameled wire to obtain the first joint; or the second end wire head of the first enameled wire is electrically connected with the first end wire head of the second enameled wire to obtain the first joint; the first end wire head of the first enameled wire and the first end wire head of the second enameled wire are wire heads positioned at the same end of the coil.
In the technical scheme, two wire ends of the enameled wires at different ends are connected into one wire end, so that the two enameled wires are fed after the wire ends are connected with the feeding point, and the transmission line transformer is obtained.
Optionally, the diameters of the first enameled wire and the second enameled wire are the same; the diameter is 0.8-1.5 mm.
Optionally, the number of turns of the coil is 3-6.
Optionally, the spacing between the coils is 0-2 mm.
Optionally, the plastic rod is an ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) material.
Optionally, the diameter of the plastic rod is 3-6 mm.
Optionally, the second connector is electrically connected to the inner conductor of the first radiator of the antenna element.
Optionally, the third joint is electrically connected to an outer conductor of a second radiator of the antenna element.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission line transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the prior art, a method of matching the impedance of the antenna element of the dipole antenna and the impedance of the feed system to each other is as follows:
fig. 1 shows an exemplary schematic diagram of a dipole antenna, in which, as shown in fig. 1, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is extended by λ/4 from the feed point a and is thickened as the upper radiator B of the dipole, and a λ/4 choke C is welded on the outer conductor of the coaxial line from the feed point a downward as the lower radiator of the dipole. The lambda/4 long choke sleeve C and the coaxial line outer conductor form a lambda/4 long short line which is also used as a balun and is used for choking current flowing to the outer conductor of the feeder line. However, the length of the choke sleeve in the above technical solution is λ/4, which is only suitable for the high-frequency working environment, and the antenna required by the high-frequency working environment is a narrow-band antenna. That is, the dipole antenna in the solution of fig. 1 is a narrow band antenna. If the bandwidth needs to be widened, the volume of the dipole antenna needs to be increased, resulting in an increase in the size of the dipole antenna. Therefore, the size of the dipole antenna cannot be limited on the basis of widening the bandwidth, and the antenna element cannot have the unbalance and balance conversion functions. In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the utility model provides a dipole antenna makes dipole antenna increase dipole antenna's bandwidth under the condition of the size of injecing the antenna element, and makes dipole antenna possess unbalance and balance conversion function, reduces energy loss. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram schematically illustrating a dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in a in fig. 2, including: a transmission line transformer 201 and an antenna element, wherein the antenna element comprises a first radiator 202 and a second radiator 203. Fig. 2 b is an enlarged view of the transmission line transformer 201 shown in fig. 2 a.
As shown in fig. 2 b, the transmission line transformer 201 includes a first tab 2011, a second tab 2012, and a third tab 2013. The first connector 2011 is electrically connected to a feeding point of the antenna element. To feed the transmission line transformer. The second connector 2012 is electrically connected to the first radiator 202 of the antenna element. The third connector 2013 is electrically connected to the second radiator 203 of the antenna element.
Specifically, the second connector 2012 is electrically connected to the inner conductor of the first radiator 202 of the antenna element.
The third connector 2013 is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the second radiator 203 of the antenna element.
Further, the first joint 2011 is electrically connected by a first enameled wire and a second enameled wire wound on the plastic rod.
It should be noted that the transmission line transformer 201 is used for impedance conversion. The dipole antenna has the unbalance and balance conversion functions through the transmission line transformer connected between the antenna oscillators, so that the current of the outer surface of a feeder line of a feed system is prevented from being radiated, the energy loss caused by the working of the antenna oscillators is reduced, and the antenna performance is improved. It should be noted that the feeder of the feeding system is a coaxial line. The first connector 2011 of the transmission line transformer 201 is electrically connected to the feed point of the antenna element via the coaxial line. Specifically, the outer conductor of the coaxial line is electrically connected to the second radiator 203 of the antenna element, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the first connector 2011. Meanwhile, the transmission line transformer 201 is also used to match the impedance of the antenna element. So that the impedance of the antenna element matches the impedance of the feed system. For example, the impedance of the feed system is 50 ohms, and the impedance of the antenna element of the dipole antenna is 75 ohms. If the feed system is directly and electrically connected to the antenna element of the dipole antenna, the impedance of the feed system is not matched with the impedance of the antenna element of the dipole antenna, resulting in energy loss. If the feeder system is electrically connected with the antenna element of the dipole antenna through the transmission line transformer, the impedance of the feeder system is matched with the impedance of the antenna element of the dipole antenna. So as to reduce signal reflection and improve the performance of the dipole antenna.
Further, the transmission line transformer 201 further includes a first enameled wire, a second enameled wire and a plastic rod, and as can be seen from a diagram b in fig. 2, a part of the first enameled wire and a part of the second enameled wire are wound on the plastic rod in a spiral shape to form a coil of the transmission line transformer, where the first enameled wire and the second enameled wire are closely arranged side by side (shown in the figure, there is no gap between the two enameled wires, and in a specific use scenario, the distance between the two enameled wires can be increased or decreased).
Specifically, a first end of the first enameled wire is electrically connected to a second end of the second enameled wire to obtain a first joint 2011. Or the second end wire head of the first enameled wire is electrically connected with the first end wire head of the second enameled wire to obtain the first joint 2011. It should be noted that the first end of the first enameled wire and the first end of the second enameled wire are ends located at the same end of the coil.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the first terminal of the first enameled wire is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second enameled wire to obtain the first joint 2011, any one of the second terminal of the first enameled wire or the first terminal of the second enameled wire can be the second joint, and in the same way, the third joint is also provided.
When the second end stub of the first enameled wire is electrically connected to the first end stub of the second enameled wire to obtain the first joint 2011, any one of the first end stub of the first enameled wire or the second end stub of the second enameled wire may be the second joint, and in the same way, the second joint may also be the third joint.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, connect as a thread end through two thread ends with the enameled wire of non-same end, and then make four thread ends of two enameled wires on the transmission line transformer become three thread ends, make to have the electricity to be connected between first enameled wire and the second enameled wire through first joint to this constitutes transmission line transformer, can change the size of impedance through the number of turns of adjustment coil and the interval between the coil, and then reduces signal reflection, promotes dipole antenna's performance. And the bandwidth of the dipole antenna is increased under the condition of limiting the size of an antenna element of the dipole antenna through a transmission line transformer.
Optionally, the first enameled wire and the second enameled wire have the same diameter, and the diameter of the first enameled wire is 0.8-1.5 mm.
Optionally, the number of turns of the coil is 3-6. The spacing between the coils is 0-2 mm.
The plastic rod is made of ABS material. The diameter of the plastic rod is 3-6 mm.
In conjunction with the schematic diagram of a dipole antenna shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a transmission line transformer provided in the present invention. As shown in fig. 3.
Rin is the input impedance of the transmission line transformer. RL is the load impedance. By changing the relationship between the input impedance RIN and the load impedance RL, an impedance transformation is achieved. For example, the output voltage of the feeding system is Vs, and the currents of the two enameled wires are both I, but opposite in direction. The potential difference between the first connector 2011 and the second connector 2012 is equal to the potential difference between the first connector 2011 and the third connector 2013, and is V.
Since the point a1 is grounded, the voltage Vi at the load Rin end is equal to V, and since the point B1 is connected to the point C1, the points B1 and C1 are at the same potential. And the potential difference between the point a1 and the point C1 is equal to the potential difference between the points B1 and D1. Therefore, the voltage VL at the end of the load RL is 2V, the current IL is I, and the current Ii at the end of the load Rin is 2I. The relationship between the input impedance RIN and the load impedance RL is therefore: RIN ═ 4 RL. Thereby realizing impedance transformation. And the antenna performance is improved through impedance conversion.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A dipole antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a transmission line transformer and an antenna oscillator, wherein the antenna oscillator comprises a first radiator and a second radiator;
the transmission line transformer comprises a first joint, a second joint and a third joint; the first joint is electrically connected with a feed point of the antenna element; the first joint is obtained by electrically connecting a first enameled wire and a second enameled wire which are wound on the plastic rod; for impedance transformation;
the second joint is electrically connected with the first radiator of the antenna oscillator;
and the third joint is electrically connected with the second radiator of the antenna oscillator.
2. The dipole antenna of claim 1 wherein said transmission line transformer further comprises a first enameled wire, a second enameled wire, and a plastic rod;
and a part of the first enameled wire and a part of the second enameled wire are wound on the plastic rod in a spiral shape side by side to form a coil of the transmission line transformer.
3. The dipole antenna according to claim 2, wherein a first termination of said first enameled wire is electrically connected to a second termination of said second enameled wire to form said first joint; or
The second end wire head of the first enameled wire is electrically connected with the first end wire head of the second enameled wire to obtain a first joint; the first end wire head of the first enameled wire and the first end wire head of the second enameled wire are wire heads positioned at the same end of the coil.
4. The dipole antenna of claim 3 wherein said first and second enameled wires have the same diameter; the diameter is 0.8-1.5 mm.
5. A dipole antenna as recited in claim 2, wherein said coil has a number of turns of 3-6.
6. A dipole antenna as recited in claim 2, wherein the spacing between said coils is 0-2 mm.
7. A dipole antenna as recited in claim 2, wherein said plastic rod is an ABS material.
8. A dipole antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein said plastic rod has a diameter of 3-6 mm.
9. A dipole antenna as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, wherein said second terminal is electrically connected to the inner conductor of the first radiator of said antenna element.
10. A dipole antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said third terminal is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the second radiator of said antenna element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021938794.3U CN212366201U (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Dipole antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021938794.3U CN212366201U (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Dipole antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212366201U true CN212366201U (en) | 2021-01-15 |
Family
ID=74144023
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021938794.3U Active CN212366201U (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Dipole antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212366201U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-09-07 CN CN202021938794.3U patent/CN212366201U/en active Active
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