CN212350573U - Broaching broach of small-modulus internal gear - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of a small modulus internal gear, and discloses a broaching broach of a small modulus internal gear, which comprises a mandril, a lower chuck, a flange plate, a workpiece, a broach and an upper chuck, and is characterized in that the lower chuck is provided with a lower clamping claw and a limit key; the flange plate is provided with anti-skid claws; the upper chuck is provided with an upper claw; the broaching tool is arranged into a rough-drawing part, a fine-drawing part, an upper chuck and a lower chuck which are arranged on a machine tool workbench, a workpiece is arranged on a flange plate, and the broaching tool axially penetrates through the workpiece clamped on the flange plate, so that the technical problem that the broaching precision, particularly the tooth form precision, of the small-modulus internal gear progressive process is difficult to guarantee can be effectively solved, and the broaching tool does not need to be changed greatly.

Description

Broaching broach of small-modulus internal gear

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an inner gear broaching technical field, specific broaching broach of little modulus inner gear that says so.

Background

The spline broaching process has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost; therefore, in recent years, the method is widely used for broaching an internal gear. Because the precision of the gear, especially the precision of the tooth form, is much higher than the spline, for example, by adopting the gradual forming broaching principle of the traditional spline broach, as shown in fig. 1(a), the workpiece is self-positioned relative to the broach, on one hand, the straightness (or spiral line) of the whole tooth strengthening length of the broach and the straightness of a machine tool guide rail bring direct influence on the formation of the tooth form of the workpiece, the longer the cutting stroke of the broach is, the larger the influence is, on the other hand, the tooth side of the broach has a side clearance angle, the peripheral displacement between the workpiece and the broach can be caused by broaching vibration, especially, the deviation of the tooth form direction of the workpiece can be aggravated due to the fact that the workpiece has peripheral action and reaction force relative to the broach when the helical internal gear is broached. Therefore, the broaching tool for broaching the internal gear generally adopts a design structure combining gradual rough broaching and contour finish broaching, as shown in fig. 1(b), so as to avoid the technological limitation of the gradual broaching on the tooth profile precision of the workpiece. However, the same-profile broaching is the tooth side cutting, when the gear parameter is less than 1.0 modulus, the same-profile cutting mode cannot be realized because the tooth top of the small broaching tool with the tooth width is too sharp, the rigidity is not enough and the chip removal space is limited, and in addition, the manufacturing cost of the same-profile broaching tool is also very high. Therefore, the broaching of the internal gear with small modulus under the premise of meeting the precision is a great technical difficulty in the tool industry.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses lie in providing a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, in broaching technology implementation process, through the integrated change to the clamping and the location of broach, work piece to and broach structural design's optimization, effectively solve little modulus internal gear gradually become the technological problem that formula technology broaching precision is difficult to guarantee, and need not big change to broaching machine equipment.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, as shown in fig. 2, except the broaching machine, this integration mainly comprises ejector pin 1, lower chuck 2 (including lower jack catch 21, spacing key 22), ring flange 3 (including antiskid claw 31), work piece 4, broach 5, last chuck 6 (including last jack catch 61) etc.. The utility model discloses an upward draw formula cutting mode, 5 axial fixings of broaching in-process broach promptly, and shift up by the workstation and drive work piece 4 and accomplish and feed for the tooth cutting volume of broach one by one. Compared with the traditional broaching process, the process system is additionally provided with the ejector rod 1 and the lower chuck limiting key 22, the broaching tool 5 is manufactured by adopting a rough and fine broaching subsection and a front handle flat structure design, and the flange 3 is provided with the anti-skid claw 31.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, ejector pin 1 has the axial adjustable characteristic, and 2 locating holes of chuck under the broach 5 front handle inserts, and jack catch 21 inserts broach stalk portion draw-in groove down automatically, and ejector pin 1 pushes up in broach 5 front handle terminal surface automatically, makes jack catch 21 and broach 5 front handle pull face closely laminate all the time down, avoids broach 5 to scurry the sword phenomenon because of the axial that the received cutting force change influence to lead to in-process to keep broach 5 at broaching in-process axial position's invariant.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, lower chuck 2 has the spacing key 22 of one or more position. As shown in fig. 3, the limiting key 22 is fixedly installed at the orifice of the lower chuck 2 by a screw and is matched and positioned with the front handle of the broach 5 in a flat manner, so that the broach 5 has no gap between the circumference direction and the lower chuck 2, particularly, when the helical internal gear is broached, the broach keeps synchronization with a circumference rotation process system, and is not influenced by circumferential acting force caused by the fact that the broach 5 has a blade inclination angle in the broaching process.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, ring flange 3 has antiskid claw 31. As shown in fig. 4, a plurality of uniformly distributed key slots are designed on the upper end surface of the flange plate 3, the number of the key slots is specifically set according to the diameter of a workpiece, the size of cutting force and the like, the anti-skid claws 31 are fixed by screws and installed in the key slots and should be higher than the upper end surface of the flange plate 3, and the height difference H is 0.015-0.10 mm.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, the up end of above-mentioned antiskid claw 31 is provided with a plurality of triangle-shaped terminal surface teeth, and at broaching in-process terminal surface tooth embedding work piece location terminal surface under the effect of broaching, the embedding degree of depth is above-mentioned H size value promptly to prevent work piece circumference displacement, and keep the work piece reference surface to laminate in 3 up end of ring flange simultaneously.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, above-mentioned antiskid claw 31 adopt carbide or quench the design and manufacture of alloy tool steel material to keep its rigidity and wearability.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, broach 5 adopts and draws portion, the design of fine drawing subsection roughly, as shown in fig. 5, draws portion 51, fine drawing portion 52 roughly all to adopt gradually become formula broaching shaping, and two sections sword teeth all start from prefabricated hole diameter size promptly, rise the mode that increases progressively through the diameter tooth and pursue tooth cutting shaping.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, above-mentioned broach 5, its front handle stalk portion has one or more flat trends.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, 5 anterior segments of above-mentioned broach are drawn portion 51 roughly, and its sword tooth flank angle design value is 1 ~ 1.5.

The utility model relates to a broaching broach of little modulus internal gear, broach 5 back end finish draw portion 52, its sword tooth side clearance angle sets to between 0 ~ 0.5.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of two types of broaching workpieces;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the broach according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the lower chuck structure of the broach according to the present invention, wherein 3-a is a left side view of the lower chuck, and 3-b is a front sectional view of the lower chuck;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the flange structure of the broach according to the present invention, in which 4-a is a front sectional view of the flange, 4-b is an enlarged sectional view at the front view a, and 4-c is a top view of the flange;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the broach of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in fig. 2, a workpiece 4 is placed on the anti-skid claw 31 of the flange 3, a broach 5 penetrates through the workpiece and the flange and is inserted into the lower chuck 2, the lower jaw 21 is automatically inserted into a clamping groove of a handle part of the broach, and the ejector rod 1 pushes up the end surface of a front handle of the broach and clamps the broach together with the limit key 22, so that the broach 5 is in gapless fit with the lower chuck in the axial direction and the circumferential direction in the cutting process; the upper chuck 6 moves downwards and embraces the rear handle of the broach together with the upper clamping jaws 61, so that the whole broach is in a state of being vertical to the workbench; the workpiece 4 is now in the forward guiding position of the broach 5 by adjustment of the initial broaching stroke. When broaching is started, the machine tool workbench moves upwards to drive the workpiece 4 to enter the cutting part of the broaching tool 5, and under the action of cutting force, the triangle end face teeth of the anti-skidding claws 31 arranged on the flange plate 3 are embedded into the positioning surface of the workpiece 4, so that the positioning surface of the workpiece 4 is tightly attached to the mounting surface of the flange plate 3, and the workpiece 4 is circumferentially fixed and axially coaxial in the center of the system. In the whole broaching process, the broaching tool 5 and the workpiece 4 are always in a circumferentially fixed position except for cutting feed motion (the cutting feed is realized by the lifting of the broaching tool teeth, straight tooth broaching is in single linear motion, and helical tooth broaching is in equal-lead helical motion, namely, the synchronous rotation of the lower chuck 2 driving the broaching tool 5 is increased), so that the broaching precision deviation caused by circumferential displacement is avoided. And when the workpiece 4 is broached, the upper chuck 6 is loosened and moves upwards, the whole broach 5 penetrates through the workpiece 4, the worktable of the machine tool stops moving upwards, the workpiece 4 is moved out, the lower chuck 2 is loosened, the upper chuck 6 moves downwards to clamp the broach 5, the broach is lifted upwards to be separated from the worktable and the flange 3, and the workpiece is placed again and then enters the next round of broaching. Additionally, the utility model discloses broach 5 adopts thick finish draw segmentation design, and the finish draw section especially has adopted big tooth to rise the design of side rear angle because the cutting output is little, compares in a segmentation design method, and the cutting stroke that finally forms the workpiece tooth form shortens nearly 50%, also can reduce nearly half because the cutting accuracy that machine tool performance nature errors such as machine tool guide rail straightness accuracy arouse is poor from this. By adopting the process method and the broach design structure, in the whole broaching process, the broach and the workpiece are always in a circumferentially fixed position except for cutting feed motion, and meanwhile, the broaching stroke for finally forming the tooth shape of the workpiece is shortened through the coarse and fine two-section broaching structure of the broach, so that the technical problem that the broaching precision, particularly the tooth shape precision, of the small-modulus internal gear progressive process is difficult to ensure is effectively solved, and the broaching machine does not need to be greatly changed.

Claims (10)

1. A broaching broach of a small-modulus internal gear comprises a mandril (1), a lower chuck (2), a flange plate (3), a workpiece (4), a broach (5) and an upper chuck (6), and is characterized in that the lower chuck (2) is provided with a lower clamping jaw (21) and a limit key (22); the flange plate (3) is provided with an anti-skid claw (31); the upper chuck (6) is provided with an upper claw (61); the broaching tool (5) is arranged into a rough drawing part (51) and a fine drawing part (52), an upper chuck (6) and a lower chuck (2) are arranged on a machine tool workbench, a workpiece (4) is arranged on a flange plate (3), and the broaching tool (5) axially penetrates through the workpiece (4) clamped on the flange plate (3).

2. The broaching broach with internal gear of small module according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier rod (1) is arranged to be adjustable up and down in the axial direction, and the carrier rod (1) is automatically pushed up when the front shank of the broach (5) is inserted into the lower chuck (2).

3. The broaching broach with internal gear of small module according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower collet (2) has one or more position-limiting keys (22), and the limiting keys (22) are fixed at the orifice of the lower collet (2) by screws and fit with the broach (5) without clearance.

4. The broaching broach for an internal gear with small modulus of elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange (3) is provided with a plurality of key slots uniformly on the upper end surface, and the number of the key slots is specifically set according to the diameter of a workpiece and the magnitude of cutting force; the anti-skidding claw (31) is fixed and installed in the key groove through a screw, the height difference of the anti-skidding claw is set to be 0.015-0.10 mm above the upper end face of the flange plate (3).

5. The broaching broach for an internal gear with a small modulus of elasticity according to claim 1, wherein the upper end face of the anti-slip claw (31) is provided with a plurality of triangular end face teeth, and the end face teeth are embedded into the positioning end face of the workpiece under the action of broaching force during broaching, wherein the embedding depth is 0.015-0.10 mm, so that the circumferential displacement of the workpiece is prevented, and meanwhile, the reference surface of the workpiece is kept to be attached to the upper end face of the flange plate (3).

6. The broaching tool for the internal gear with small modulus of elasticity of claim 1, wherein the anti-slip claw (31) is made of a tool steel material made of cemented carbide or hardened alloy, so as to ensure the rigidity and wear resistance of the anti-slip claw (31).

7. The broaching tool for the internal gear with small modulus of elasticity of claim 1, wherein the rough-drawn part (51) and the fine-drawn part (52) are formed by gradual broaching, and two segments of tool teeth are formed by cutting one by one in a manner of ascending the diameter of the teeth from the diameter size of the prepared hole.

8. The broaching broach with internal gear of small module according to claim 1, wherein the tooth flank angle of the front rough-drawn part (51) of the broach (5) is set to be between 1 ° and 1.5 °.

9. The broaching broach with a small module internal gear according to claim 1, characterized in that the tooth flank clearance angle of the fine drawing part (52) at the rear section of the broach (5) is set to be between 0 ° and 0.5 °.

10. The broaching tool for the internal gear of small module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the front and rear shanks of the broaching tool (5) are formed in such a manner that one or more faces thereof are flat.

Images