CN212350404U

CN212350404U - Three-edge shallow slot processing blade and slot cutter

Info

Publication number: CN212350404U
Application number: CN202021002776.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宗超; 周继; 杨建光
Original assignee: Beijing Worldia Diamond Tools Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Worldia Diamond Tools Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-04
Filing date: 2020-06-04
Publication date: 2021-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-04

Abstract

The blade comprises a substrate, the substrate is of a multi-prism structure with a similar equilateral triangle main body, the blade also comprises cutter particles which are respectively arranged on three corners of the substrate, the cutter particles are uniformly distributed on three vertex angles of the similar equilateral triangle along the circumferential direction of the similar equilateral triangle main body to form three cutting edges of the blade, and the material of the cutting edges is PCBN or PCD; the cutter particles are embedded in the grooves on the side surface of the substrate through welding; the slot cutter comprises the blade, a cutter bar, a cutter holder and a pressing plate. In the superhard cutter PCBN or the PCD field of using three sword groove sword in the shallow slot processing in this application, single-end PCBN or PCD groove sword have been solved among the prior art and have been in large numbers, appear many blade very little, lead to the problem that the use cost of cutter increases. The three-blade groove cutter in the application is a superhard cutter made of PCBN and PCD materials, is high in precision, can better adapt to the development of the future superhard machining industry, and can meet the stability requirement of the superhard machining industry on the cutter.

Description

Three-edge shallow slot processing blade and slot cutter

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a three-edge shallow slot machining blade and a slot cutter.

Background

The shallow slot cutter is widely used for processing grooves of shafts and rings, in particular to processing transmission parts and connecting parts in the motor and engine industries, such as inner and outer clamp spring grooves of bearings. The workpiece structure is mainly composed of thin and short shaft parts, and the workpiece material is mainly composed of steel parts.

The three-edge slotting cutter is mainly an alloy cutter and widely applied to machining as one of the shallow slot processing slotting cutters, but in the field of superhard cutters, the three-edge slotting cutter mainly made of PCBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) or PCD (polycrystalline diamond) is rarely applied to the market.

Generally, PCBN or PCD material is widely used in superhard cutters and is most suitable for cutting cast iron, hardened steel and other materials, while the existing PCBN or PCD cutting slot cutters use many single-head PCBN/PCD slot cutters and rarely have multiple cutting edges, and each cutting mode requires a cutting tool with a specific cutting edge, thereby increasing the use cost of the cutter.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a three-edge shallow slot processing blade and groove sword to solve single PCBN or PCD groove sword in prior art and be many, the few many blades that appear leads to the use cost of cutter to increase the problem.

The technical scheme adopted by the application for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a three-edge shallow slot processing blade comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate is of a multi-prism structure with an equilateral triangle-like main body, the blade also comprises cutter grains which are respectively arranged at three corners of the substrate, the cutter grains are uniformly distributed on three vertex angles of the equilateral triangle-like substrate along the circumferential direction of the equilateral triangle-like substrate to form three cutting edges of the blade, and the cutting edges are made of PCBN or PCD; the knife particles are embedded in the grooves in the side face of the base body through welding.

Optionally, the base body comprises a binding surface, a non-binding surface and three side surfaces arranged between the binding surface and the non-binding surface, the three side surfaces are uniformly distributed on three side edges of the equilateral triangle along the circumferential direction of the base body, and one end of each side surface is provided with an L-shaped groove;

the side surface comprises a first plane, a second plane, a third plane and a fourth plane, the first plane, the second plane, the third plane and the fourth plane are connected in an angle mode, the second plane and the third plane are arranged in the middle of the side surface to form a convex structure, and the first plane and the fourth plane are arranged at two ends of the side surface and are respectively overlapped with the outer edges of the second plane and the third plane;

the cutter grain comprises a front cutter face, a rear cutter face and two side cutter faces, wherein the front cutter face and the rear cutter face form a main cutting edge, and the front cutter face and the two side cutter faces form an auxiliary cutting edge; the front cutter face is in fit with the outer edge of the fourth plane, the rear cutter face is in fit with the outer edge of the first plane on the other side face of the base body, and the side cutter face is in fit with the outer edge of the binding face and the outer edge of the non-binding face of the base body.

Optionally, the joint of the adhering surface and the non-adhering surface of the substrate and the knife particles is provided with an avoiding surface of a concave structure, and the avoiding surface is matched with the outer edge of the side knife surface of the knife particles.

Optionally, a screw hole is formed in the center of the base body.

Optionally, the distance between the connecting point of the first plane and the second and third planes to the main cutting edge is 4-6 mm.

Optionally, the width of the third plane is 1-2 mm.

Optionally, the distance between the connecting point of the fourth plane and the second and third planes and the main cutting edge is 3-5 mm.

Optionally, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the equilateral triangle in the substrate is 6-13 mm.

A three-edge shallow slot processing groove cutter comprises the three-edge shallow slot processing blade, a cutter bar, a cutter holder and a pressing plate;

the cutter holder is welded at one end of the cutter bar, the blade is fixed on the cutter holder through the pressing plate, and the included angle between the rake face of the blade and the axial direction of the cutter bar is beta;

the clamp plate is clamped on the top corner of one side of the tool apron, the clamp plate is of an inwards concave structure, the bottom surface of the clamp plate is provided with the inwards concave structure matched with the side structure of the blade base body, and the top surface of the clamp plate is provided with a screw clamping portion which is connected with the top surface of the tool apron.

Optionally, the included angle β is in the range of 5 ° to 15 °.

The technical scheme provided by the application comprises the following beneficial technical effects:

the blade comprises a substrate, the substrate is of a multi-prism structure with a similar equilateral triangle main body, the blade also comprises cutter grains which are respectively arranged on three corners of the substrate, the cutter grains are uniformly distributed on three vertex angles of the similar equilateral triangle along the circumferential direction of the similar equilateral triangle main body to form three cutting edges of the blade, and the material of the cutting edges is PCBN or PCD; the cutter particles are embedded in the grooves on the side surface of the substrate through welding; the slot cutter comprises the blade, a cutter bar, a cutter holder and a pressing plate. In the superhard cutter PCBN or the PCD field of using three sword groove sword in the shallow slot processing in this application, single-end PCBN or PCD groove sword have been solved among the prior art and have been in large numbers, appear many blade very little, lead to the problem that the use cost of cutter increases. The three-blade groove cutter in the application is a superhard cutter made of PCBN and PCD materials, is high in precision, can better adapt to the development of the future superhard machining industry, and can meet the stability requirement of the superhard machining industry on the cutter.

Drawings

In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a three-edge shallow groove machining insert provided by the present application;

FIG. 2 is an angled elevation view of the three-edged shallow groove machining insert of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is an elevational view of the back of the three-edged shallow groove machining insert of fig. 2;

figure 4 is an elevational view of the three-edged shallow groove machining insert of figure 1 at another angle;

fig. 5 is a top view of a three-edge shallow groove machining insert provided in the present application;

figure 6 is a side elevation view of a three-edge shallow groove machining insert according to the present application;

fig. 7 is a front view of a three-edge shallow groove processing groove cutter provided by the present application;

figure 8 is a top view of the three-edged shallow groove cutting insert of figure 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the tool holder and tool apron in elevation;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the tool holder and tool post;

FIG. 11 is a top view of the toolholder and insert seat.

Description of reference numerals:

1-substrate, 2-tool grain, 11-bonding surface, 12-non-bonding surface, 13-side surface, 14-L-shaped groove, 131-first plane, 132-second plane, 133-third plane, 134-fourth plane, 21-front tool face, 22-rear tool face, 23-side tool face, 24-main cutting edge, 25-auxiliary cutting edge, 15-avoiding surface, 3-screw hole, 4-tool bar, 5-tool apron, 6-pressing plate, 7-screw clamping part and 8-groove structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In order to adapt to the development of the future superhard machining industry and improve the utilization rate of a groove cutter matrix, the groove cutter is mainly PCBN, CVD or PCD, the three-edge groove cutter technology in the alloy cutter is effectively introduced into the technical field of superhard cutters, the use cost of the existing PCBN, CVD or PCD cutting groove cutter can be increased, and the technology of the multi-edge groove cutter is also popularized to a certain extent.

Referring to fig. 1, a front view of a three-edge shallow groove machining blade provided by the present application is shown;

as can be seen from fig. 1-3, the present application provides a three-edged shallow groove machining blade, which includes a substrate 1, where the substrate 1 is a polygonal prism-shaped structure with an equilateral triangle as a main body, the blade further includes tool bits 2 respectively disposed on three corners of the substrate 1, the tool bits 2 are uniformly distributed on three vertex angles of the equilateral triangle along a circumferential direction of the equilateral triangle-shaped substrate 1 to form three cutting edges of the blade, and a material of the cutting edges includes PCBN, CVD, or PCD; the knife particles 2 are embedded in the grooves in the side face of the base body 1 through welding. In this embodiment, the substrate 1 is set as an alloy substrate 1, the specific shape of the substrate is not limited to one, any one of the polygonal prism structures can be selected according to the application requirements of the actual clamping tool, and for the selection of the material of the alloy substrate 1, a material with better welding performance with PCBN, CVD or PCD cutting grains should be selected according to the actual requirements, so that the welded fusion region has higher connection strength and structure performance.

For different forms of the substrate 1, the outline of the polygonal prism-shaped structure of the equilateral triangle should be adapted to the edge of the substrate 1, so that the two form a complete body.

In the technical solution of the present application, according to different settings of the polygon prism structure of the equilateral triangle-like shape, the formed substrate 1 will have multiple forms, and in practical applications, according to different processing conditions, such as different cutting depths, different tool feeds, different cutting parameters, and the like, specific shapes, widths, and distances from the cutting edge of the substrate 1 need to be adjusted to obtain an optimal chip breaking effect, and specifically, the form of the chip breaker can be exemplified by the scheme shown in the following embodiments:

referring to fig. 2, which is an elevation view of the three-edged shallow groove machining insert of fig. 1 at an angle;

referring to fig. 3, which is an elevation view of the back of the three-edged shallow groove machining insert of fig. 2;

fig. 2 and fig. 3, in combination with fig. 1, are schematic structural diagrams of a substrate 1 and a cutting insert 2 in a three-edge shallow groove machining insert according to an embodiment of the present application;

as can be seen from the figure, in a feasible embodiment, the base 1 provided in this embodiment includes a bonding surface 11 (see fig. 4), a non-bonding surface 12, and three side surfaces 13 disposed between the bonding surface 11 and the non-bonding surface 12, the three side surfaces are uniformly distributed on three side edges of an equilateral triangle along a circumferential direction of the base 1, and one end of each side surface 13 is provided with an L-shaped groove 14; in this embodiment, the L-shaped groove 14 is used for welding and fixing the shape of the insert, such as the shape of a rectangle in cross section, so that the insert can be well welded in the groove by the complementation of the shapes, and the overall stability of the cutter is increased.

The side surface 13 comprises a first plane 131, a second plane 132, a third plane 133 and a fourth plane 134, the first plane 131, the second plane 132, the third plane 133 and the fourth plane 134 are connected at an angle, the second plane 132 and the third plane 133 are arranged in the middle of the side surface 13 to form a convex structure, and the first plane 131 and the fourth plane 134 are arranged at two ends of the side surface 13 and are respectively coincided with the outer edges of the second plane 132 and the third plane 133.

The insert 2 comprises a rake face 21, a flank face 22 and two flank faces 23, the rake face 21 and the flank face 22 form a main cutting edge 24, and the rake face 21 and the two flank faces 23 form a secondary cutting edge 25; the rake face 21 is matched with the outer edge of the fourth plane 134, the flank face 22 is matched with the outer edge of the first plane 131 on the other side face 13 of the base 1, and the flank face 23 is matched with the outer edges of the adhering face 11 and the non-adhering face 12 of the base 1.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the function of the fourth plane 134 on each side surface 13 as a connecting surface, the function of the second plane 132 and the third plane 133 as a pressing surface and a positioning surface varies with the different knife tips, and the function varies accordingly, which is basically the interchange of the three functions. For example, in the state of fig. 1, when the upper left corner cutting grain 3 is used, the second plane 132 on the side surface 13 where the rake face 21 of the upper left corner cutting grain 3 is located is a pressing plane, and the second planes 132 on the other two side surfaces 13 are both positioning planes; if the right upper corner cutting grain 3 is used, the second plane 132 on the side where the rake face of the left upper corner cutting grain 3 is located is a pressing plane, the second planes 132 on the other two side faces 13 are both positioning planes, and so on.

Further, the mounting distance between the base body 1 and the insert 2 is limited in that the distance L from the connecting point of the first plane 131 with the second plane 132 and the third plane 133 to the main cutting edge 24 is 4-6 mm.

The width S of the third plane 133 is 1-2 mm.

The distance h between the fourth plane 134 and the connection point of the second plane 132 and the third plane 133 to the main cutting edge 24 is 3-5 mm.

The diameter of the inscribed circle of the similar equilateral triangle in the substrate 1 is 6-13mm, so that the negative chamfering processing of automatic grinding equipment is facilitated.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, an avoiding surface 15 with a concave structure is arranged at a joint of the attaching surface 11 and the non-attaching surface 12 of the substrate 1 and the cutting insert 2, and the avoiding surface 15 is engaged with an outer edge of the cutting insert side surface 23.

The center of the base body 1 is provided with a screw hole 3.

Fig. 5 and 6 are a top view and a side elevation view of a three-edge shallow groove processing blade provided in the embodiment, which can better embody the elevation structure of the blade in the embodiment of the present application.

According to the technical scheme, the three-edge shallow slot processing blade comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate is of a multi-prism structure with a similar equilateral triangle main body, the blade also comprises cutter grains which are respectively arranged on three corners of the substrate, the cutter grains are uniformly distributed on three vertex angles of the similar equilateral triangle along the circumferential direction of the similar equilateral triangle substrate to form three cutting edges of the blade, and the cutting edges are made of PCBN, CVD or PCD; the knife particles are embedded in the grooves on the side surfaces of the base body through welding. In superhard cutter PCBN, CVD or the PCD field of using three sword grooving sword in the shallow slot processing in this application, single-end PCBN or PCD grooving sword have been solved among the prior art and have been in large numbers, appear many blade very little, lead to the problem that the use cost of cutter increases. The three-blade groove cutter in the application is a superhard cutter made of PCBN, CVD or PCD materials, is high in precision, can better adapt to the development of the future superhard processing industry, and can meet the stability requirement of the superhard processing industry on the cutter.

Referring to fig. 7, a front view of a three-edge shallow groove cutting tool provided by the present application is shown;

referring to fig. 8, a top view of the three-edged shallow groove forming tool of fig. 7 is shown.

The application also provides a three-edge shallow slot processing cutter, which comprises the three-edge shallow slot processing blade, a cutter bar 4, a cutter holder 5 and a pressing plate 6;

the blade holder 5 is welded at one end of the blade holder 4, the blade is fixed on the blade holder 5 through the pressing plate 6, see fig. 9-11, which are respectively an elevation view, a front view and a plan view of the blade holder 4 and the blade holder 5, as shown in the figure, the blade holder 5 is provided with a groove structure 8 matched with the blade holder, the blade is clamped in the groove structure 8, and an included angle between a rake face 21 of the blade and the axial direction of the blade holder 4 is beta.

The pressing plate 6 is clamped at the top corner of one side of the tool apron 5, the pressing plate 6 is provided with a concave structure matched with the structure of the side surface 13 of the blade base body 1 on the bottom surface, and the blade is fixed on the tool apron 5 by matching the concave structure with a pressing surface or a positioning surface of the side surface 13 of the base body 1, namely the second plane 132 and the third plane 133; and a screw clamping part 7 is arranged on the top surface of the pressing plate 6, and the screw clamping part 7 is connected with the top surface of the cutter holder 5.

The included angle beta is within the range of 5-15 degrees.

To sum up, in suitable processing occasion, compare in ordinary three-edged groove sword alloy cutter, the three-edged groove sword superhard cutter that this application provided can improve machining efficiency, conveniently realizes the automation of course of working, and the design of cutter can match with automation line, is fit for the processing of negative chamfer on the grinding, and cutter processing can once take shape, guarantees high machining precision.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

It will be understood that the present application is not limited to what has been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The three-edge shallow slot processing blade is characterized by comprising a substrate (1), wherein the substrate (1) is of a multi-prism-shaped structure with an equilateral triangle-like main body, the blade further comprises cutter grains (2) which are respectively arranged on three corners of the substrate (1), the cutter grains (2) are uniformly distributed on three vertex angles of the equilateral triangle-like substrate (1) along the circumferential direction of the equilateral triangle-like substrate to form three cutting edges of the blade, and the cutting edges are made of PCBN or PCD; the cutter particles (2) are embedded in the grooves in the side face of the base body (1) through welding.

2. The three-edged shallow groove processing blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base (1) comprises a binding surface (11), a non-binding surface (12) and three side surfaces (13) arranged between the binding surface (11) and the non-binding surface (12), the three side surfaces are uniformly distributed on three side edges of an equilateral triangle along the circumferential direction of the base (1), and one end of each side surface (13) is provided with an L-shaped groove (14);

the side surface (13) comprises a first plane (131), a second plane (132), a third plane (133) and a fourth plane (134), the first plane (131), the second plane (132), the third plane (133) and the fourth plane (134) are connected in an angle, the second plane (132) and the third plane (133) are arranged in the middle of the side surface (13) to form a convex structure, and the first plane (131) and the fourth plane (134) are arranged at two ends of the side surface (13) and are respectively superposed with the outer edges of the second plane (132) and the third plane (133);

the cutter grain (2) comprises a front cutter face (21), a rear cutter face (22) and two side cutter faces (23), the front cutter face (21) and the rear cutter face (22) form a main cutting edge (24), and the front cutter face (21) and the two side cutter faces (23) form an auxiliary cutting edge (25); the rake face (21) is in contact with the outer edge of the fourth plane (134), the flank face (22) is in contact with the outer edge of the first plane (131) on the other side face (13) of the base body (1), and the flank face (23) is in contact with the outer edge of the binding face (11) and the non-binding face (12) of the base body (1).

3. The three-edge shallow groove processing blade as claimed in claim 2, wherein a joint of the attaching surface (11) and the non-attaching surface (12) of the base body (1) and the cutting insert (2) is provided with an avoiding surface (15) with a concave structure, and the avoiding surface (15) is engaged with the outer edge of the side face (23) of the cutting insert (2).

4. The three-edged shallow groove machining insert as claimed in claim 2, wherein a screw hole (3) is bored at the center of the base body (1).

5. A three-edged shallow groove machining insert as claimed in claim 2, wherein the distance between the connecting point of the first plane (131) with the second plane (132) and the third plane (133) to the main cutting edge (24) is 4-6 mm.

6. A three-edged shallow groove machining insert as claimed in claim 2, wherein the width of the third flat surface (133) is 1 to 2 mm.

7. A three-edged shallow groove machining insert as claimed in claim 2, wherein the distance between the connection point of the fourth plane (134) with the second plane (132) and the third plane (133) to the main cutting edge (24) is 3-5 mm.

8. A three-edged shallow groove machining insert as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the inscribed circle of the equilateral-like triangle in the base body (1) is 6 to 13 mm.

9. A three-edge shallow groove processing groove cutter, which is characterized by comprising the three-edge shallow groove processing blade of any one of claims 1 to 8, and further comprising a cutter bar (4), a cutter seat (5) and a pressing plate (6);

the cutter holder (5) is welded at one end of the cutter bar (4), the blade is fixed on the cutter holder (5) through the pressing plate (6), and an included angle between a rake face (21) of the blade and the cutter bar (4) in the axial direction is beta;

clamp plate (6) clamping is in on the apex angle of blade holder (5) one side, clamp plate (6) be provided with for the bottom surface with blade base member side structure assorted indent structure, be provided with screw clamping portion (7) on the top surface of clamp plate (6), through screw clamping portion (7) with the top surface of blade holder (5) is connected.

10. A three-edged shallow groove cutting tool as claimed in claim 9, wherein the included angle β is in the range of 5 ° to 15 °.