CN212343604U - Electromagnetic-piezoelectric combined transducer - Google Patents
Electromagnetic-piezoelectric combined transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN212343604U CN212343604U CN202020744879.1U CN202020744879U CN212343604U CN 212343604 U CN212343604 U CN 212343604U CN 202020744879 U CN202020744879 U CN 202020744879U CN 212343604 U CN212343604 U CN 212343604U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an electromagnetism-piezoelectricity combined type transducer, including base support, cuboid permanent magnet, piezoelectric patches, cylinder permanent magnet, induction coil, E shape magnetic material. The base support is the axisymmetric structure, and the cuboid permanent magnet is placed base support's central groove department, the piezoelectric patches is put on horizontally the upper surface of cuboid permanent magnet makes the length direction of piezoelectric patches unanimous with the length direction of cuboid permanent magnet, and the cylinder curved surface of cylinder permanent magnet arranges piezoelectric patches top, E shape magnetic material are 2, arrange in cylinder permanent magnet both sides, and about cylinder permanent magnet center pin symmetry, all around being equipped with induction coil on the E shape magnetic material. The utility model provides high energy collector's conversion efficiency, under the condition of equal vibration, have higher output voltage, can provide more abundant power for power supply unit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a vibration energy collection system, concretely relates to electromagnetism-piezoelectricity combined type transducer.
Background
In order to adapt to social development, more renewable and clean energy sources are needed. In natural environment, solar energy, wind energy, heat energy, tidal energy, vibration energy and the like are clean renewable energy sources, wherein mechanical vibration energy is ubiquitous and is not limited by natural conditions such as weather, temperature difference and the like, so that the application prospect is wide. With the advancement of micro power consumption technology, the power consumption of microelectronic devices has been reduced to the order of microwatts. The vibration energy acquisition becomes possible for supplying power to the low-power consumption electronic equipment, and the vibration energy acquisition during human body movement is expected to supply power to the wearable low-power consumption electronic equipment.
The energy collecting device with a single electromechanical conversion mechanism has limited conversion efficiency and poor expandability.
The output electrical characteristics due to the piezoelectric conversion mechanism are: the output voltage is high, the output current is small, and the output impedance is capacitive. The output electrical characteristics of the electromagnetic conversion mechanism are as follows: the output voltage is lower, the output current is larger, and the output impedance is inductive. When the vibration energy is converted into the electric energy, the design of the electric energy extraction interface circuit is difficult to a certain extent. In order to avoid this problem, most documents adopt electric energy extraction for the piezoelectric conversion mechanism and the electromagnetic conversion mechanism separately. Therefore, many scholars at home and abroad begin to develop the research of the combined type vibration energy harvester.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems of the background art, the present invention is directed to an electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer. The energy collector improves the conversion efficiency of the energy collector, has higher output voltage under the condition of equal vibration, and can provide more abundant power supply for power supply equipment.
The utility model provides an electromagnetism-piezoelectricity combined type transducer, including base support, cuboid permanent magnet, piezoelectric patches, cylinder permanent magnet, induction coil, E shape magnetic material.
The base support is of an axisymmetric structure, a cuboid permanent magnet is placed in a central groove of the base support, piezoelectric patches are horizontally placed on the upper surface of the cuboid permanent magnet, the length direction of the piezoelectric patches is consistent with that of the cuboid permanent magnet, a cylindrical curved surface of a cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged above the piezoelectric patches, 2E-shaped magnetic conducting materials are arranged on two sides of the cylindrical permanent magnet and are symmetrical about the central axis of the cylindrical permanent magnet, induction coils are wound on the E-shaped magnetic conducting materials, and the distances from the E-shaped magnetic conducting materials on the two sides to the cylindrical permanent magnet are the same;
the magnetizing direction of the rectangular permanent magnet is the positive X-axis direction, and the magnetizing direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet is the negative X-axis direction;
or the magnetizing direction of the rectangular permanent magnet is the X-axis negative direction, the magnetizing direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet is the X positive and negative direction,
under the condition of external vibration, the cylindrical permanent magnet can roll back and forth along the length direction of the piezoelectric sheet.
Further, in the initial state, due to the mutual attraction between the rectangular permanent magnet and the cylindrical permanent magnet, the cylindrical permanent magnet is stationary at the center of the piezoelectric sheet.
The technical scheme is that the cuboid permanent magnet is fixed at a central groove of the underground inner surface of the base support.
The technical scheme is that the piezoelectric sheet is horizontally placed on the upper surface of the rectangular permanent magnet, and the width of the piezoelectric sheet is the same as that of the rectangular permanent magnet. The central groove of the base support is used for fixing the piezoelectric patches in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and when the piezoelectric patches are stressed, the piezoelectric patches can generate displacement in the Z-axis positive direction.
The piezoelectric piece is divided into an upper metal substrate, PTZ piezoelectric ceramics and a lower metal substrate, and the PZT piezoelectric ceramics and the metal substrate are tightly pasted by conductive adhesive.
Furthermore, when the cylindrical permanent magnet is static on the piezoelectric sheet, the thickness of the cylindrical permanent magnet is the same as the width of the piezoelectric sheet, the piezoelectric sheet is positioned between the cylindrical permanent magnet and the cuboid permanent magnet, and the piezoelectric sheet can generate a piezoelectric effect under the action of magnetic force to generate induced voltage.
Furthermore, the E-shaped magnetic conductive material is a soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability and is used for dredging the magnetic flux on two sides of the cuboid permanent magnet and the cylindrical permanent magnet, so that the magnetic flux passing through the induction coil is increased.
Furthermore, the induction coil is wound on the central shaft of the E-shaped magnetic conducting material to increase the output induction voltage.
Furthermore, the base support is made of insulating materials, and the selected materials have a supporting function. Preferably, the base support is made of the following materials: nylon, acrylic and polytetrafluoroethylene.
It is preferable that the upper/lower metal plates are made of conductive but non-conductive material, preferably copper, aluminum, or semiconductor material having conductive ability.
Preferably, the soft magnetic material is engineered pure iron, magnetically permeable stainless steel, silicon steel sheets, etc., and if conditions permit, a relatively expensive superconducting material may be selected.
Preferably, the induction coil is a self-adhesive coil, the outer diameter of the wound induction coil is the same as the radius of the cylindrical permanent magnet, and the inner diameter of the wound induction coil is inscribed with the edge of the magnetic conductive material.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses add E shape magnetic material in the permanent magnet both sides, with the induction coil coiling on E shape magnetic material, increased the magnetic flux through induction coil, produced bigger output voltage, consequently output density is bigger, can be stable for the equipment power supply, add under the same environment magnetic material than not adding about the voltage peak value height 3V that magnetic material exported, as shown in figure 1.
And simultaneously, the utility model discloses combined electromagnetism and piezoelectricity transduction mechanism, utilized the combination of electromagnetism and piezoelectricity transduction mechanism to realize the bigger change that the vibration energy was collected. Meanwhile, the working frequency band of the electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer is wider than that of a single conversion mechanism, and the electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer is more beneficial to adapting to the vibration frequency of a human body.
Compared with the traditional combination of a single piezoelectric energy collector and a single electromagnetic energy collector, the energy conversion rate of the combined transducer is improved (under the same vibration condition, the output electric energy of the combined converter is theoretically far greater than that of a single converter).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison chart showing the existence of silicon steel sheet output of the present invention;
fig. 2(a) and 2(b) are schematic diagrams of the general structure of the present invention;
fig. 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c) are three views of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a force diagram of the device of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a local structure of the magnetic conductive material and the induction coil in the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the piezoelectric material of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the energy harvesting of the device of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an output voltage diagram of the device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a base support, 2-a cuboid permanent magnet and 3-a piezoelectric sheet;
31-upper metal substrate, 32-PZT piezoelectric ceramic and 33-lower metal substrate;
4-cylinder permanent magnet, 5-induction coil, 6-E shape magnetic material.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2(a) and fig. 2(b), the electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer of the present invention includes a base support 1, a cuboid permanent magnet 2, a piezoelectric sheet 3, a cylinder permanent magnet 4, an induction coil 5, and an E-shaped magnetic conductive material 6.
The base support 1 is of an axisymmetric structure, the base support 1 is symmetrical about an XOZ plane and a YOZ plane and is a closed box body with a detachable side, two partition plates are arranged in the Y-axis direction of the bottom of the box body, and the gap between the two partition plates is the same as the width of the rectangular permanent magnet. Two clapboards are placed in the middle of the two clapboards in the Y-axis direction along the X-axis direction to form a groove, and the gap between the two clapboards is the same as the width of the cuboid permanent magnet. A groove is formed in the center of the bottom of the base support 1 and used for fixing the cuboid permanent magnet 2 and the piezoelectric sheet 3. Cuboid permanent magnet 2 places in base support 1 central groove department, piezoelectric patches 3 keep flat in the upper surface of cuboid permanent magnet 2 makes the length direction of piezoelectric patches 3 unanimous with cuboid permanent magnet 2's length direction, and the cylinder curved surface of cylinder permanent magnet 4 arranges piezoelectric patches 3 top, under the external vibration condition, enables the rolling that makes a round trip of cylinder permanent magnet 4 along the length direction of piezoelectric patches 3. (in the initial state, because the mutual attraction of cuboid permanent magnet 2 and cylinder permanent magnet 4, cylinder permanent magnet 4 is static 3 central point on the piezoelectric patches put), E shape magnetic material 6 is 2, arranges in cylinder permanent magnet 4 both sides, and about 4 central axis symmetry in cylinder permanent magnet, all around being equipped with induction coil 5 on the E shape magnetic material 6, the E shape magnetic material 6 of both sides is the same to the distance of cylinder permanent magnet 4 (the bottom surface is installed respectively in two baffles and the box wall of base support 1 bottom about recess about two baffles and the box wall of box bottom Y axle direction formed about E shape magnetic material 6 lower floor, the upper surface parallel and level of E shape magnetic material 6 upper surface and the last top surface of base support 1 box).
In order to ensure that the electromagnetic output has good electromotive force, the distance between the E-shaped magnetic conduction material 6 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 is the same as that between the E-shaped magnetic conduction material and the rectangular permanent magnet 4, and the range is 2-8 mm.
Preferably, the distance from the E-shaped magnetic conductive material 6 to the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 on both sides is 2-3 mm.
As shown in fig. 2(a), fig. 2(b), fig. 3(a) -fig. 3(c), the base support is made of an insulating material for fixing and protecting the transducer, and the material of the base support is selected to have a supporting function, such as nylon, acrylic and teflon.
The length, width and height of the rectangular permanent magnet 2 are respectively 25-100mm, 5-15mm and 2-10mm, and as shown in fig. 2(a), 2(b) and 3(a) -3 (c), the magnetizing direction is the positive direction of the X axis.
The length, width and height of the piezoelectric sheet 3 are respectively 25-100mm, 5-15mm and 1-2 mm.
The diameter and the thickness of the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 are respectively 5-50mm and 5-15mm, and as shown in fig. 2(a), 2(b) and 3(a) -3 (c), the magnetizing direction is the negative direction of the X axis.
Under the condition of external vibration, when the force direction is consistent with the motion direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet, as shown in fig. 4, the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 will reciprocate back and forth on the surface (Y-axis direction) of the piezoelectric sheet 3.
As shown in fig. 2(a), 2(b), and 3(c), the piezoelectric sheet 3 is located between the rectangular permanent magnet 2 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 4, and under the action of magnetic force (and gravity) in the Z-axis direction, the piezoelectric sheet 3 will generate piezoelectric effect and generate induced voltage.
Fig. 4 shows a force diagram of the piezoelectric sheet 3 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 4, and it can be seen that the force applied to the piezoelectric sheet 3 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 is almost zero in the X axis, so that no displacement occurs in the X axis; the stress of the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 on the Y axis is approximately linear, and the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 can move back and forth on the Y axis; the stress of the piezoelectric sheet 3 on the Z axis is larger than that of the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 under the influence of the gravity of the cylindrical permanent magnet 4, so that the piezoelectric sheet 3 is favorable for generating voltage.
As shown in fig. 5, the E-shaped magnetic permeable material 6 is a soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability, and in this embodiment, a silicon steel sheet is selected. The E-shaped magnetic conductive material is used for dredging the magnetic fluxes on two sides of the cuboid permanent magnet and the cylinder permanent magnet, so that the magnetic flux passing through the coil is increased.
As shown in fig. 5, the induction coil 5 is wound around the central axis of the E-shaped magnetic conductive material 6, the induction coil 5 is inscribed with the edge of the E-shaped magnetic conductive material 6, and the outer diameter of the wound induction coil 5 is the same as the radius of the cylindrical permanent magnet 4.
As shown in fig. 6, the piezoelectric sheet 3 includes an upper metal substrate 31, a PZT piezoelectric ceramic 32, and a lower metal substrate 33.
The upper metal substrate 31/the lower metal substrate 33 are made of conductive but non-conductive material, in this embodiment, copper sheet with thickness of 0.1mm is used.
The length of the upper metal substrate 31/the lower metal substrate 33 is slightly longer than that of the PZT piezoelectric ceramics 32, which is convenient for electric energy transmission and is also beneficial to the movement of the cylindrical permanent magnet. The PZT piezoelectric ceramics 32 and the upper/ lower metal substrates 31, 33 are bonded with a conductive adhesive, so that the upper/ lower metal substrates 31, 33 are used to derive electric energy generated by the PZT piezoelectric ceramics 32.
When the base support 1 is acrylic, the cuboid permanent magnet 2 and the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 are neodymium iron boron, the induction coil 5 is copper, the E-shaped magnetic conduction material 6 is a silicon steel sheet, the core piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric transduction mechanism is PZT piezoelectric ceramics 32, and the upper metal substrate 31/the lower metal substrate 33 are copper.
As shown in fig. 7, the output end of the electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer (the output end refers to the end of the coil and the two ends of the metal substrate) is connected to the energy storage circuit, and stores the converted electric energy and supplies power to the device. The energy storage circuit mainly comprises a rectifying circuit and a filter circuit.
The utility model discloses an electromagnetism-piezoelectricity combined type transducer's working process does:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, electromagnetic transduction. In the external vibration state, the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 reciprocates in the Y-axis direction, and the magnetic flux passing through the induction coil 5 changes, so that the induction coil 5 generates induced electromotive force, as known from the faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, and outputs induced current. The magnetic flux passing through the induction coil 5 is increased by winding the coil on the E-shaped magnetic conductive material 6, the variation of the magnetic flux in unit time is increased, and the induction coil is connected with the energy storage circuit.
For piezoelectric transduction. Since the magnetizing directions of the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 and the rectangular permanent magnet 2 are opposite, the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 can be attracted on the permanent magnet rectangular body 2. The piezoelectric sheet 3 is positioned between the cylindrical permanent magnet 4 and the cuboid permanent magnet 2, the PZT piezoelectric ceramics 32 is deformed under the action of magnetic force, the inside is polarized, and meanwhile opposite charges are generated on opposite surfaces. The power supply is connected to a copper sheet (metal substrate) through conductive adhesive, input into the energy storage circuit and supply power to the portable equipment through rectification and filtering.
FIG. 8 shows that the number of turns of the coil is 500 and the applied acceleration is 10m/s2And the open-circuit voltage output waveforms of the electromagnetic end and the piezoelectric end with the vibration frequency of 14.2 Hz. Compared with the case that only piezoelectric ceramics and only coils cut magnetic lines, the output voltage of the composite structure is improved. And is greater than the output voltage when the two are added at the same time. Therefore, the structure has certain rationality, and compared with a single conversion mechanism, the composite conversion mechanism has higher output and higher conversion efficiency on the same energy in the environment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (9)
1. An electromagnetic-piezoelectric combined transducer is characterized by comprising a base support, a cuboid permanent magnet, piezoelectric sheets, a cylindrical permanent magnet, induction coils and E-shaped magnetic conduction materials, wherein the base support is of an axisymmetric structure, the cuboid permanent magnet is placed in a central groove of the base support, the piezoelectric sheets are horizontally placed on the upper surface of the cuboid permanent magnet, the length direction of the piezoelectric sheets is consistent with that of the cuboid permanent magnet, a cylindrical curved surface of the cylindrical permanent magnet is arranged above the piezoelectric sheets, the number of the E-shaped magnetic conduction materials is 2, the E-shaped magnetic conduction materials are arranged on two sides of the cylindrical permanent magnet and are symmetrical about the central axis of the cylindrical permanent magnet, the induction coils are wound on the E-shaped magnetic conduction materials, and the distances from the E-shaped magnetic conduction materials on the two sides to the cylindrical permanent;
the magnetizing direction of the rectangular permanent magnet is the positive X-axis direction, and the magnetizing direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet is the negative X-axis direction; or the magnetizing direction of the rectangular permanent magnet is the X-axis negative direction, and the magnetizing direction of the cylindrical permanent magnet is the X-axis positive direction;
under the condition of external vibration, the cylindrical permanent magnet can roll back and forth along the length direction of the piezoelectric sheet.
2. The electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular permanent magnet is fixed at a central groove on the lower surface and the inner surface of the base support, and the central groove just accommodates the rectangular permanent magnet and the piezoelectric sheet.
3. The electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sheet is flatly placed on the upper surface of the rectangular permanent magnet, and the width of the piezoelectric sheet is the same as that of the rectangular permanent magnet; the piezoelectric sheet is divided into an upper metal substrate, PTZ piezoelectric ceramics and a lower metal substrate, and the PZT piezoelectric ceramics and the upper/lower metal substrates are tightly pasted by conductive adhesive.
4. The electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the cylindrical permanent magnet is the same as the width of the piezoelectric sheet;
in the initial state, the rectangular permanent magnet and the cylindrical permanent magnet attract each other, and the cylindrical permanent magnet is still at the central position of the piezoelectric sheet;
when the cylindrical permanent magnet is static on the piezoelectric sheet, the piezoelectric sheet is positioned between the cylindrical permanent magnet and the cuboid permanent magnet, and the piezoelectric sheet generates a piezoelectric effect under the action of magnetic force to generate induced voltage.
5. The electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer according to claim 1, wherein the E-shaped magnetic conductive material is a soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability, and is used for dredging the magnetic flux on two sides of the rectangular permanent magnet and the cylindrical permanent magnet, so as to increase the magnetic flux passing through the induction coil.
6. The electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer according to claim 1, wherein the induction coil is wound around a central axis of the E-shaped magnetic conductive material to increase an output induction voltage;
the induction coil is a self-adhesive coil, the winding outer diameter of the induction coil is the same as the radius of the cylindrical permanent magnet, and the winding inner diameter of the induction coil is inscribed with the edge of the magnetic conductive material.
7. The electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer according to claim 1, wherein the base support is made of a material having insulating and supporting functions; the material is any one of nylon, acrylic and polytetrafluoroethylene.
8. The electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer according to claim 3, wherein the upper/lower metal sheets are made of a conductive but non-conductive material; the material is selected from copper or aluminum, or the material is selected from semiconductor materials with conductive capability.
9. The electromagnetic-piezoelectric composite transducer according to claim 5, wherein the soft magnetic material is any one of engineering pure iron, magnetic stainless steel and silicon steel sheet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020744879.1U CN212343604U (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2020-05-08 | Electromagnetic-piezoelectric combined transducer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020744879.1U CN212343604U (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2020-05-08 | Electromagnetic-piezoelectric combined transducer |
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| CN212343604U true CN212343604U (en) | 2021-01-12 |
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| CN202020744879.1U Active CN212343604U (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2020-05-08 | Electromagnetic-piezoelectric combined transducer |
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