CN212335301U - L-shaped laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment - Google Patents
L-shaped laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN212335301U CN212335301U CN202020930817.XU CN202020930817U CN212335301U CN 212335301 U CN212335301 U CN 212335301U CN 202020930817 U CN202020930817 U CN 202020930817U CN 212335301 U CN212335301 U CN 212335301U
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Abstract
The invention relates to an L-shaped laser cladding head, wherein the distance between a collimating lens group and a reflecting lens is less than 200 mm; the laser cladding head has the advantages of greatly shortened length, strong deformation resistance, uneasy shaking of a focus, good processing effect and low failure rate; the laser cladding equipment comprises an L-shaped laser cladding head, a laser, a powder feeder, a lathe bed, a C-axis device, a movable upright post and an electric control cabinet; the C shaft device is fixedly arranged at one end of the lathe bed, and the C shaft is a chuck clamping rotating shaft; the moving upright column and the bed body form a pair of moving pairs along a Z axis, and the Z axis is a horizontal axis and is parallel to the axis of the C axis; the movable support and the movable upright post form a pair of moving pairs along a Y axis, and the Y axis is a vertical axis; one end of the extension rod is fixed on the movable support, and the L-shaped laser cladding head is fixed at the overhanging end part of the extension rod; the laser cladding processing of the inner hole and the outer wall can be considered, the cladding processing of the inner hole and the outer wall of the same machined part only needs one-time clamping, and the efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding equipment, in particular to an L-shaped laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment.
Background
Laser cladding, also known as laser cladding or laser cladding, is a new surface modification technology, and a metallurgically bonded filler cladding layer is formed on the surface of a base layer by adding a cladding material on the surface of a base material and fusing the cladding material and a thin layer of the surface of the base material together by using a high-energy-density laser beam.
The laser cladding heads for performing laser cladding on the inner hole of the machined part are L-shaped laser cladding heads, each L-shaped laser cladding head comprises a collimating lens group, a reflecting lens and a focusing lens group, the collimating lens group is arranged close to the optical fiber joint, the reflecting lens is used for enabling the laser to change the propagation direction by 90 degrees, and the focusing lens group is used for focusing the laser passing through the reflecting lens to form a focus, so that laser cladding processing is performed.
In an L-shaped laser cladding head in the prior art, the distance between a collimating lens group and a reflecting lens is too far, generally, the distance is over 400mm, the laser cladding head is slender and easy to deform, the position of a laser focus is easy to change, and the following disadvantages may be caused: 1) the laser cladding effect is poor; 2) once the focus is focused on the copper nozzle, the copper nozzle is burnt out, and the copper nozzle needs to be frequently replaced in the machining process, so that the material consumption is large, and the machining efficiency is influenced; 3) the divergent laser between the collimating lens group and the reflecting lens is easily directly irradiated on the side wall of the laser cladding head, and the thermal deformation of the laser cladding head is accelerated.
Most of the existing laser cladding equipment in the market is improved on the basis of a lathe or other machine tools, a Z-axis guide rail is arranged on an externally-connected base or support, and the moving precision of a Z axis and the parallelism of the Z axis and a main shaft are difficult to guarantee; in the current market, equipment capable of performing laser cladding on the inner hole and the outer wall does not exist, the inner hole or the outer wall can be only subjected to laser cladding basically, when the same piece needs to be subjected to laser cladding on the inner hole and the outer wall, two kinds of equipment need to be replaced, clamping is repeated, the process is complex, and the processing efficiency is low; the inner hole laser cladding equipment in the prior art adopts the L-shaped laser cladding head in the prior art, so that the inner hole laser cladding stroke is greatly limited, and the inner hole laser cladding stroke in the current market is generally below 1.5 m.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of making up the defects of the prior art and provides an L-shaped laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment.
To solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an L-shaped laser cladding head comprises a collimating lens group, a reflecting lens and a focusing lens group, wherein the collimating lens group is arranged close to an optical fiber connector, the reflecting lens is used for enabling laser to change the propagation direction of 90 degrees, the focusing lens group is used for focusing the laser passing through the reflecting lens, and the distance between the collimating lens group and the reflecting lens is smaller than 200 mm.
A laser cladding device comprises the L-shaped laser cladding head, a laser, a powder feeder, a lathe bed, a C-axis device, a movable upright post and an electric control cabinet;
the C shaft device is fixedly arranged at one end of the lathe bed and comprises a chuck, an axle box and a C shaft motor, the chuck is used for clamping a workpiece, an output shaft of the C shaft motor is connected with an input shaft of the axle box through a C shaft transmission structure, an output shaft of the axle box is connected with an input shaft of the chuck, the C shaft is a chuck rotating shaft, and the axial direction of the C shaft points to the other end of the lathe bed from one end of the lathe bed;
the lathe bed comprises a lathe body, a Z-axis linear guide rail is fixedly arranged at the rear side of the lathe body and is matched with a Z-axis linear slide block for use, and the Z axis is a horizontal axis and is parallel to the axis of the C axis;
the movable upright column comprises an upright column, the upright column and the bed body form a group of moving pairs through a Z-axis linear guide rail and a Z-axis linear slider, and a Z-axis servo motor drives the upright column to linearly move along a Z axis through a Z-axis transmission structure;
a Y-axis linear guide rail is arranged on the stand column, the Y-axis linear guide rail is matched with a Y-axis linear sliding block for use, the Y axis is a vertical axis, the moving support and the stand column form a group of moving pairs through the Y-axis linear guide rail and the Y-axis linear sliding block, and a Y-axis servo motor drives the moving support to linearly move along the Y axis through a Y-axis transmission structure;
one end of the extension rod is fixed on the movable support, the length direction of the extension rod is perpendicular to the length direction of the upright column, and the L-shaped laser cladding head is fixed at the hanging end of the extension rod.
Furthermore, the C-axis transmission structure is a belt transmission structure and comprises a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel and a transmission belt, the driving belt wheel is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the C-axis motor, the driven belt wheel is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the axle box, and the driving belt wheel is connected with the driven belt wheel through the transmission belt.
Furthermore, the Z-axis transmission structure is a gear-rack linear transmission structure and comprises a Z-axis rack and a Z-axis gear, the Z-axis rack is fixed on the bed body, the Z-axis gear is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a Z-axis speed reducer, an input shaft of the Z-axis speed reducer is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the Z-axis servo motor, the Z-axis speed reducer is fixed on a Z-axis sliding plate, and an upright post of the movable upright post is fixed on the Z-axis sliding plate.
Furthermore, the Y-axis transmission structure is a ball screw transmission structure and comprises a ball screw and a screw nut matched with the ball screw, the upper end and the lower end of the ball screw are connected with bearing seats through rolling bearings, the bearing seats at the upper end and the lower end are fixed on the upright post of the movable upright post, one shaft end of the ball screw is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a Y-axis servo motor through a coupler, and the Y-axis servo motor is fixed on the upright post; the lead screw nut is fixed on the movable bracket through the nut seat.
Furthermore, a movable tailstock is arranged on the lathe body and used for tightly pushing the workpiece when the slender shaft type workpiece is machined, the movable tailstock comprises a thimble tailstock and a sliding seat, the thimble tailstock comprises a base, a hand wheel and a thimble, the thimble can extend out and retract by shaking the hand wheel, and the base is fixed on the sliding seat; still fixed A axle linear guide that is equipped with on the lathe bed, A axle linear guide matches with A axle linear slide I and uses, and the slide is fixed on A axle linear slide I.
The movable tailstock further comprises a clamping device, the clamping device comprises a hand-operated rod, a crankshaft, a pull rod and a pressing block, two ends of the crankshaft are pivoted with the sliding seat, the hand-operated rod is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the crankshaft, a fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the crankshaft and used for limiting axial movement of the crankshaft, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with a corner of the crankshaft, and the pressing block is fixed at the lower end of the pull rod through a nut; when the crankshaft is rotated to enable the pressing block to rise to the highest position, mutual extrusion pressure is formed between the pressing block and the bed body, and therefore the movable tailstock and the bed body are fixed relatively; when the crankshaft is rotated to make the pressing block leave the highest position, the pressing block falls down due to the dead weight of the pressing block, so that the movable tailstock and the bed body are separated from a relatively fixed state.
Further, an A-axis linear guide rail is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed and is matched with an A-axis linear sliding block II for use; still be equipped with on the lathe bed and remove the bearing roller, it is used for bearing machined part to remove the bearing roller, it includes the slide to remove the bearing roller, the lead screw, hand wheel and 2 bearing roller seats, the slide is fixed on A axle straight line slider II, the both ends of lead screw are respectively through bearing and bearing frame and slide pin joint, screw thread on the lead screw divide into two parts, be left-handed screw thread part and right-handed screw thread part respectively, the left-handed screw thread part spiro union on a bearing roller seat and the lead screw, another bearing roller seat and the right-handed screw thread part spiro union on the lead screw, the fixed one end that sets up at the lead screw of hand wheel, all be equipped with sharp guide structure between 2 bearing roller seats and the slide, the symmetry is equipped with the roller train on 2 bearing roller seats, the interval between 2 bearing roller seats can be adjusted.
Furthermore, a locking device opposite to the bed body is further arranged on the movable carrier roller, the locking device comprises a handle, the handle comprises a hand screwing head and a screw, the screw of the handle is in threaded connection with the sliding plate, and the bottom end face of the screw of the handle is tightly pressed against the bed body of the bed body by screwing the hand screwing head of the handle, so that the movable carrier roller and the bed body are locked and fixed relatively.
Furthermore, move on the bearing roller and all be equipped with centering adjustment structure to the roller train that sets up on 2 bearing roller seats, pass through waist type hole and screw fixed connection between roller train and the corresponding bearing roller seat, centering adjustment structure includes adjusting block and bolt, and the adjusting block is fixed on the bearing roller seat, bolt and adjusting block spiro union, during the adjustment, loosen the screw of waist type hole department on the corresponding roller train earlier, the rethread is screwed up the bolt, makes the terminal surface top of bolt corresponding roller train, and then adjusts the position of roller train, then screws up fixedly with the screw of waist type hole department on the roller train.
The invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
for L type laser cladding head, the distance between collimating mirror group and the speculum is less than 200mm for laser cladding head whole length has shortened nearly half, and its beneficial effect that can produce includes:
1) the shortening of the distance between the collimating lens group and the reflecting lens effectively reduces the divergence of laser, the energy on the side wall of the laser cladding head between the collimating lens group and the reflecting lens is reduced, the thermal deformation of the laser cladding head is reduced, even the laser cladding head is not deformed, and therefore the deformation resistance of the laser cladding head is greatly improved;
2) the focus is not easy to shake, the possibility that the focus is hit on the copper nozzle is reduced, and the service life of the copper nozzle is greatly prolonged;
3) the laser cladding effect is ideal, and the corresponding ideal effect can be achieved for the set processing technical parameters;
for the whole laser cladding equipment, the beneficial effects that can be produced by the equipment include:
4) the C-axis device mounting spigot is directly arranged on the bed body of the bed body, and the guide rail mounting spigot of the Z axis for moving the moving upright post to move horizontally is also directly arranged on the bed body of the bed body, so that the parallelism of the axis of the C axis and the Z axis can be well ensured during the processing of the bed body, meanwhile, the verticality of the axis of the Y axis and the C axis is also ensured, the overall precision of the equipment is high, and the guarantee is provided for the processing effect;
5) the L-shaped laser cladding head is fixed at the overhanging end part of the extension rod, and one end of the extension rod is fixed on the movable bracket of the movable upright post;
6) the laser cladding equipment of the technical scheme can carry out laser cladding on the inner hole and the outer wall, does not need repeated clamping on the same machined part, and obviously improves the machining efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of relative position relationships of a straight mirror group, a reflecting mirror group and a focusing mirror group in an L-shaped laser cladding head in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relative position relationship of a straight mirror group, a reflecting mirror group and a focusing mirror group in an L-shaped laser cladding head after being shortened according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front view of a laser cladding apparatus in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a laser cladding apparatus in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a broken-away view of a rear view of a laser cladding apparatus in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a left side view of a laser cladding apparatus in an embodiment of the invention (with the enclosure removed);
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a front view of an L-shaped laser cladding head of a moving upright in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a moving tailstock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a moving tailstock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the clamping device of the movable tailstock clamping with the bed according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a top view of a mobile idler in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view D-D of FIG. 14;
in the figure: 1-bed body, 101-bed body, 102-Z axis linear guide rail, 103-Z axis rack, 104-A axis linear guide rail, 105-powder receiving disc, 106-Z axis servo motor, 107-Z axis reducer, 108-Z axis gear, 109-Z axis sliding plate, 110-Z axis organ shield, 111-A axis organ shield, 112-Z axis drag chain and 113-heightening sizing block;
2-C shaft device, 201-chuck, 202-axle box, 203-driven pulley, 204-driving belt, 205-driving pulley, 206-C shaft motor, 207-motor mounting plate, 208-adjusting block;
3-moving an upright post, 301-upright post, 302-Y-axis linear guide rail, 303-ball screw, 304-Y-axis servo motor, 305-coupler, 306-moving bracket and 307-extension rod;
4-moving tailstock, 401-sliding seat, 402-base, 403-handwheel I, 404-thimble, 405-hand rod, 406-crankshaft, 407-pull rod, 408-pressing block, 409-nut, 410-fixing ring;
5-moving carrier roller, 501-sliding plate, 502-handle, 503-linear guide rail, 504-handwheel II, 505-counter, 506-lead screw, 507-first carrier roller seat, 508-roller group, 509-adjusting block and 510-organ shield;
6-powder feeder, 7-L type laser cladding head, 701-collimating lens group, 702-reflecting lens, 703-focusing lens group and 8-electric control cabinet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A laser cladding device comprises a lathe bed 1, a C-axis device 2, a movable upright post 3, a movable tailstock 4, a movable carrier roller 5, a powder feeder 6, an L-shaped laser cladding head 7, an electric control cabinet 8 and a laser.
The C-axis device 2 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the lathe bed 1, the C-axis device 2 comprises a chuck 201, an axle box 202 and a C-axis motor 206, the chuck 201 is used for clamping a workpiece, an output shaft of the C-axis motor 206 is connected with an input shaft of the axle box 202 through a C-axis transmission structure, an output shaft of the axle box 202 is connected with the input shaft of the chuck 201, the C-axis is a chuck rotating shaft, and the axial direction of the C-axis points to the right end of the lathe bed 1 from the left end of the lathe bed 1;
in this embodiment, the C-axis transmission structure is selected as a belt transmission structure, and those skilled in the art can set the C-axis transmission structure as a gear transmission structure, a chain transmission structure, a direct speed reducer connection structure, and the like as appropriate under the teaching of this embodiment, where the belt transmission structure includes a driving pulley 205, a driven pulley 203, and a transmission belt 204, the driving pulley 205 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the C-axis motor 206, the driven pulley 203 is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the axle box 202, and the driving pulley 205 and the driven pulley 203 are connected by the transmission belt 204; the C-axis motor 206 is a variable frequency motor with an encoder, the C-axis motor 206 is fixed on the motor mounting plate 207, the motor mounting plate 207 is fixed on the lathe bed 1 through a waist-shaped hole and a screw on the motor mounting plate, and the adjusting block 208 is matched with a bolt for use to adjust the position of the C-axis motor, so that the tightness degree of the transmission belt 204 is adjusted.
The lathe bed 1 comprises a lathe bed 101, a pair of parallel Z-axis linear guide rails 102 is fixedly arranged on the rear side of the lathe bed 101, the Z-axis linear guide rails 102 are matched with Z-axis linear sliders for use, and the Z axis is a horizontal axis and is parallel to the axis of the C axis;
the movable upright column 3 comprises an upright column 301, the upright column 301 and the bed body 101 form a group of moving pairs through a Z-axis linear guide rail 102 and a Z-axis linear slider, and a Z-axis servo motor 106 drives the upright column 301 to move linearly along the Z axis through a Z-axis transmission structure;
in this embodiment, the Z-axis transmission structure is selected as a rack-and-pinion linear transmission structure, and those skilled in the art can set the Z-axis transmission structure as a transmission structure such as a screw transmission structure, a belt transmission structure, a chain transmission structure, etc. according to the teaching of this embodiment, the rack-and-pinion linear transmission structure includes a Z-axis rack 103 and a Z-axis gear 108, the Z-axis rack 103 is fixed on the bed body 101 and located between a pair of parallel Z-axis linear guide rails 102, the Z-axis gear 108 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a Z-axis reducer 107, an input shaft of the Z-axis reducer 107 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a Z-axis servo motor 106, the Z-axis reducer 107 is fixed on a Z-axis sliding plate 109, and a column;
a pair of Y-axis linear guide rails 302 are arranged on the upright column 301, the Y-axis linear guide rails 302 are matched with the Y-axis linear sliding blocks for use, the Y axis is a vertical axis, the moving support 306 and the upright column 301 form a moving pair through the Y-axis linear guide rails 302 and the Y-axis linear sliding blocks, and the Y-axis servo motor 304 drives the moving support 306 to linearly move along the Y axis through a Y-axis transmission structure;
in this embodiment, the Y-axis transmission structure is selected as a ball screw transmission structure, and includes a ball screw 303 and a screw nut used in match with the ball screw 303, the ball screw 303 is located between a pair of Y-axis linear guide rails 302, the upper and lower ends of the ball screw 303 are both connected to bearing seats through rolling bearings, the bearing seats at the upper and lower ends are both fixed on the column 301 of the movable column 3, one shaft end of the ball screw 303 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of a Y-axis servo motor 304 through a coupling 305, and the Y-axis servo motor 304 is fixed on the column 301; the lead screw nut is fixed on the movable bracket 306 through a nut seat;
one end of an extension rod 307 is fixed on the movable bracket 306, the length direction of the extension rod 307 is perpendicular to the length direction of the upright 301, the length direction of the extension rod 307 is parallel to the Z-axis direction, and the L-shaped laser cladding head 7 is fixed at the overhanging end of the extension rod 307.
The L-shaped laser cladding head 7 comprises a collimating lens group 701, a reflecting lens 702 and a focusing lens group 703, wherein the collimating lens group 701 is arranged close to an optical fiber connector, the reflecting lens 702 is used for enabling laser to change the propagation direction of 90 degrees, the focusing lens group 703 is used for focusing the laser passing through the reflecting lens 702, and the distance between the collimating lens group 701 and the reflecting lens 702 is smaller than 200 mm.
The powder feeder 6 is arranged on the movable upright post 3, so that the distance from the powder feeder 6 to the L-shaped laser cladding head 7 is shortened, the length of a powder feeding air pipe is greatly reduced, and the cladding waiting time is reduced.
The powder receiving discs 105 are arranged on the lathe bed 1 side by side and used for recovering unused metal powder, and the number of the powder receiving discs can be designed by a person skilled in the art according to the processing stroke of the equipment; the bottom of the bed body 1 is provided with a plurality of heightening sizing blocks 113 for adjusting the levelness of the bed body; the electrical control cabinet 8 is integrally designed at the left end of the lathe bed 1, and is integrally designed, so that external cables are reduced, and the equipment is simplified and integrated; the action of each shaft motor can be accurately controlled through an electric control system.
The movable tailstock 4 is arranged on the lathe bed 1 and used for tightly pushing a workpiece during machining of slender shaft type workpieces, the movable tailstock 4 comprises an ejector pin tailstock and a sliding seat 401, the ejector pin tailstock comprises a base 402, a hand wheel I403 and an ejector pin 404, the ejector pin 404 can extend out and retract by shaking the hand wheel I403, and the structure of the ejector pin tailstock belongs to the prior art well known to a person skilled in the art, and therefore details are omitted; a base 402 of the thimble tailstock is fixed on the sliding seat 401; an A-axis linear guide rail 104 is further fixedly arranged on the lathe bed 1, the A-axis linear guide rail is matched with an A-axis linear sliding block I for use, and the sliding seat 401 is fixed on the A-axis linear sliding block I;
the movable tailstock 4 further comprises a clamping device, the clamping device comprises a hand lever 405, a crankshaft 406, a pull rod 407 and a pressing block 408, two ends of the crankshaft 406 are pivoted with the sliding seat 401, the hand lever 405 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the crankshaft 406, a fixing ring 410 is fixedly arranged on the crankshaft 406 and used for limiting axial movement of the crankshaft 406, the upper end of the pull rod 407 is hinged with a corner of the crankshaft 406, and the pressing block 408 is fixed at the lower end of the pull rod 407 through a nut 409; when the crankshaft 406 is rotated to raise the pressure block 408 to the highest position, a mutual extrusion pressure is formed between the pressure block 408 and the bed body 101, so that the movable tailstock 4 and the bed body 101 are relatively fixed; when the crankshaft 406 is rotated to make the pressure block 408 leave the highest position, the pressure block 408 falls down due to its own weight, so that the movable tailstock 4 is separated from the bed 101.
The movable carrier roller 5 is arranged on the lathe bed 1 and used for supporting a workpiece, and the A-axis linear guide rail 104 on the lathe bed 1 is matched with the A-axis linear slide block II for use; the movable carrier roller 5 comprises a sliding plate 501, a lead screw 506, a hand wheel II 403 and 2 carrier roller seats 507, the sliding plate 501 is fixed on an A-axis linear sliding block II, two ends of the lead screw 506 are respectively pivoted with the sliding plate 501 through a bearing and a bearing seat, threads on the lead screw 506 are divided into two parts, namely a left-handed thread part and a right-handed thread part, one carrier roller seat 507 is in threaded connection with the left-handed thread part on the lead screw 506, the other carrier roller seat 507 is in threaded connection with the right-handed thread part on the lead screw 506, the hand wheel II 403 is fixedly arranged at one end of the lead screw 506, linear guide structures are arranged between the 2 carrier roller seats 507 and the sliding plate 501, the linear guide structure selected in the embodiment comprises a linear guide rail 503 and a linear sliding block matched with the linear guide rail 503, the linear guide rail 503 is fixed on the sliding plate 501; roller groups 508 are symmetrically arranged on the 2 roller holders 507, and the distance between the 2 roller holders 507 can be adjusted by rotating a hand wheel II 403, so that the roller groups 508 can be suitable for supporting workpieces with different sizes;
the movable carrier roller 5 is also provided with a locking device relative to the bed body 1, the locking device comprises a handle 502, the handle 502 is a five-star handle and comprises a five-star hand screwing head and a screw rod which are mutually connected, the screw rod of the handle 502 is in threaded connection with the sliding plate 501, and the bottom end surface of the screw rod of the handle 502 is tightly propped against the bed body 101 of the bed body 1 by screwing the hand screwing head of the handle 502, so that the movable carrier roller 5 and the bed body 1 are relatively locked and fixed;
the movable carrier roller 5 is provided with centering adjustment structures for the roller groups 508 arranged on the 2 carrier roller seats 507, the roller groups 508 are fixedly connected with the corresponding carrier roller seats 507 through waist-shaped holes and screws, each centering adjustment structure comprises an adjustment block 509 and a bolt, the adjustment blocks 509 are fixed on the carrier roller seats 507, the bolts are in threaded connection with the adjustment blocks 509, when in adjustment, the screws at the waist-shaped holes on the corresponding roller groups 508 are firstly loosened, then the bolts are screwed, so that the end faces of the bolts tightly support the corresponding roller groups, the positions of the roller groups 508 are adjusted, and then the screws at the waist-shaped holes on the roller groups 508 are screwed and fixed;
the screw 506 is provided with a counter 505, the counter 505 is used for reading the position of the roller seat 507, the record is made after the position of the roller seat 507 is adjusted once, and when the position is adjusted again, the adjustment position can be reproduced according to the reading on the counter, so that the adjustment time is greatly reduced.
A Z-axis organ shield 110 is arranged on the lathe bed 1 by taking the Z-axis linear guide rail 102 as a guide, and an A-axis organ shield 111 is arranged on the A-axis linear guide rail 104 as a guide; a Y-axis organ shield is arranged on the movable upright post 3 by taking the Y-axis linear guide rail 302 as a guide; an organ shield 510 is arranged on the movable carrier roller 5 by taking the linear guide rail 503 as a guide; the organ shields are used for preventing dust and smoke dust from entering the interior to influence the performance of transmission parts; a Z-axis drag chain 112 is provided in correspondence with the Z-axis linear guide 102, and a Y-axis drag chain for arranging cables, optical fibers, water pipes, powder feeding pipes, etc. is provided in correspondence with the Y-axis linear guide 302, and the bending radius of the drag chain is usually larger than 150mm according to the technical requirement of the movable bending radius of the optical fibers.
The stroke of the Y-axis is greater than the maximum workpiece-gripping diameter, that is, the travel stroke of the moving carriage 306 is greater than the maximum workpiece-gripping diameter; when the laser cladding head is used for cladding the inner hole, the L-shaped laser cladding head 7 and the extension rod 307 are together deeply inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece; when the device is used for cladding the outer wall, the L-shaped laser cladding head 7 is lifted to a bus on the outer wall of a workpiece; that is to say, this embodiment can carry out laser cladding to the hole, also can carry out laser cladding to the outer wall, and for same machined part, need not repeated clamping, machining efficiency is showing and is improving.
In the description of the present invention, words such as "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are used for convenience in describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a L type laser cladding head (7), includes collimating mirror group (701), speculum (702) and focusing mirror group (703), characterized by: the collimating lens group (701) is arranged close to the optical fiber joint, the reflecting lens (702) is used for enabling the laser to change the propagation direction of 90 degrees, the focusing lens group (703) is used for focusing the laser passing through the reflecting lens (702), and the distance between the collimating lens group (701) and the reflecting lens (702) is smaller than 200 mm.
2. Laser cladding equipment comprising an L-shaped laser cladding head (7), a laser, a powder feeder (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a lathe bed (1), a C-axis device (2), a moving upright post (3) and an electric control cabinet (8);
the C-axis device (2) is fixedly arranged at one end of the lathe bed (1), the C-axis device (2) comprises a chuck (201), an axle box (202) and a C-axis motor (206), the chuck (201) is used for clamping a workpiece, an output shaft of the C-axis motor (206) is connected with an input shaft of the axle box (202) through a C-axis transmission structure, an output shaft of the axle box (202) is connected with the input shaft of the chuck (201), the C axis is a chuck rotating shaft, and the axis direction of the C axis points to the other end of the lathe bed (1) from one end of the lathe bed (1);
the lathe bed (1) comprises a lathe bed (101), a Z-axis linear guide rail (102) is fixedly arranged on the rear side of the lathe bed (101), the Z-axis linear guide rail (102) is matched with a Z-axis linear slide block for use, and the Z axis is a horizontal axis and is parallel to the axis of the C axis;
the movable upright post (3) comprises an upright post (301), the upright post (301) and the bed body (101) form a group of moving pairs through a Z-axis linear guide rail (102) and a Z-axis linear slider, and a Z-axis servo motor (106) drives the upright post (301) to linearly move along a Z axis through a Z-axis transmission structure;
a Y-axis linear guide rail (302) is arranged on the upright post (301), the Y-axis linear guide rail (302) is matched with a Y-axis linear sliding block for use, the Y axis is a vertical axis, the moving support (306) and the upright post (301) form a group of moving pairs through the Y-axis linear guide rail (302) and the Y-axis linear sliding block, and a Y-axis servo motor (304) drives the moving support (306) to linearly move along the Y axis through a Y-axis transmission structure;
one end of an extension rod (307) is fixed on the movable support (306), the length direction of the extension rod (307) is perpendicular to the length direction of the upright post (301), and the L-shaped laser cladding head (7) is fixed at the overhanging end part of the extension rod (307).
3. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the C-axis transmission structure is a belt transmission structure and comprises a driving belt wheel (205), a driven belt wheel (203) and a transmission belt (204), the driving belt wheel (205) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a C-axis motor (206), the driven belt wheel (203) is fixedly connected with an input shaft of an axle box (202), and the driving belt wheel (205) is connected with the driven belt wheel (203) through the transmission belt (204).
4. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the Z-axis transmission structure is a gear-rack linear transmission structure and comprises a Z-axis rack (103) and a Z-axis gear (108), the Z-axis rack (103) is fixed on the bed body (101), the Z-axis gear (108) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a Z-axis speed reducer (107), an input shaft of the Z-axis speed reducer (107) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a Z-axis servo motor (106), the Z-axis speed reducer (107) is fixed on a Z-axis sliding plate (109), and an upright column (301) of the movable upright column (3) is fixed on the Z-axis sliding plate (109).
5. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the Y-axis transmission structure is a ball screw transmission structure and comprises a ball screw (303) and a screw nut matched with the ball screw (303) for use, the upper end and the lower end of the ball screw (303) are connected with bearing seats through rolling bearings, the bearing seats at the upper end and the lower end are fixed on an upright post (301) of the movable upright post (3), one shaft end of the ball screw (303) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a Y-axis servo motor (304) through a coupler (305), and the Y-axis servo motor (304) is fixed on the upright post (301); the lead screw nut is fixed on the movable bracket (306) through a nut seat.
6. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the lathe bed (1) is provided with a movable tailstock (4) which is used for tightly pushing workpieces during machining of slender shaft type workpieces, the movable tailstock (4) comprises an ejector pin tailstock and a sliding seat (401), the ejector pin tailstock comprises a base (402), a hand wheel I (403) and an ejector pin (404), the ejector pin (404) can extend out and retract by shaking the hand wheel I (403), and the base (402) is fixed on the sliding seat (401); still fixed A axle linear guide (104) that is equipped with on lathe bed (1), A axle linear guide and the I matching of A axle linear slide use, and slide (401) are fixed on A axle linear slide I.
7. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the movable tailstock (4) further comprises a clamping device, the clamping device comprises a hand crank (405), a crankshaft (406), a pull rod (407) and a pressing block (408), two ends of the crankshaft (406) are pivoted with the sliding seat (401), the hand crank (405) is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the crankshaft (406), a fixing ring (410) is fixedly arranged on the crankshaft (406) and used for limiting axial movement of the crankshaft (406), the upper end of the pull rod (407) is hinged with a corner of the crankshaft (406), and the pressing block (408) is fixed at the lower end of the pull rod (407) through a nut (409); when the crankshaft (406) is rotated to enable the pressing block (408) to rise to the highest position, mutual extrusion pressure is formed between the pressing block (408) and the bed body (101), and therefore the movable tailstock (4) and the bed body (101) are relatively fixed; when the crankshaft (406) is rotated to enable the pressing block (408) to leave the highest position, the pressing block (408) falls down due to the self weight of the pressing block, and therefore the movable tailstock (4) and the bed body (101) are separated from a relatively fixed state.
8. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: an A-axis linear guide rail (104) is fixedly arranged on the lathe bed (1), and the A-axis linear guide rail is matched with an A-axis linear sliding block II for use; the lathe bed (1) is also provided with a movable carrier roller (5), the movable carrier roller (5) is used for supporting a workpiece, the movable carrier roller (5) comprises a sliding plate (501), a lead screw (506), a hand wheel II (504) and 2 carrier roller seats (507), the sliding plate (501) is fixed on an A-axis linear sliding block II, two ends of the lead screw (506) are respectively pivoted with the sliding plate (501) through a bearing and a bearing seat, a thread on the lead screw (506) is divided into two parts which are respectively a left-handed thread part and a right-handed thread part, one carrier roller seat (507) is in threaded connection with the left-handed thread part on the lead screw (506), the other carrier roller seat (507) is in threaded connection with the right-handed thread part on the lead screw (506), the hand wheel II (504) is fixedly arranged at one end of the lead screw (506), linear guide structures are respectively arranged between the 2 carrier roller seats (507) and the sliding plate (501), and roller groups (, the distance between 2 roller holders (507) can be adjusted by rotating a hand wheel II (504), so that the roller group (508) is suitable for supporting workpieces with different sizes.
9. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the movable carrier roller (5) is further provided with a locking device relative to the bed body (1), the locking device comprises a handle (502), the handle (502) comprises a hand screwing head and a screw rod, the screw rod of the handle (502) is in threaded connection with the sliding plate (501), the bottom end face of the screw rod of the handle (502) is tightly pressed against the bed body (101) of the bed body (1) through screwing the hand screwing head of the handle (502), and therefore the movable carrier roller (5) and the bed body (1) are locked and fixed relatively.
10. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: move on bearing roller (5) and all be equipped with centering adjustment structure to roller train (508) of setting on 2 bearing roller seats (507), pass through waist type hole and screw fixed connection between roller train (508) and corresponding bearing roller seat (507), centering adjustment structure includes adjusting block (509) and bolt, adjusting block (509) are fixed on bearing roller seat (507), the bolt and adjusting block (509) spiro union, during the adjustment, loosen the screw of waist type hole department on corresponding roller train (508) earlier, the rethread is screwed up the bolt, make the terminal surface top of bolt corresponding roller train, and then the position of adjusting roller train (508), then it is fixed to screw up the screw of waist type hole department on roller train (508).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020930817.XU CN212335301U (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | L-shaped laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020930817.XU CN212335301U (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | L-shaped laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment |
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| CN212335301U true CN212335301U (en) | 2021-01-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111424276A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-17 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | L type laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment |
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2020
- 2020-05-28 CN CN202020930817.XU patent/CN212335301U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111424276A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-17 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | L type laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment |
| CN111424276B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2024-03-22 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | L-shaped laser cladding head and laser cladding equipment |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder | ||
| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder |
Address after: 250000 No. 88, Keyun Road, high tech Zone, Jinan City, Shandong Province Patentee after: SHANDONG LEISHI INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 250000 Xingyu science and Technology Park, no.688, Chunshen Road, East Gaoxin District, Jinan City, Shandong Province Patentee before: SHANDONG LEISHI INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of utility model: An L-shaped laser cladding head and a laser cladding equipment Effective date of registration: 20220711 Granted publication date: 20210112 Pledgee: Weihai commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd. Ji'nan branch Pledgor: SHANDONG LEISHI INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022980010174 |
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| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Date of cancellation: 20231008 Granted publication date: 20210112 Pledgee: Weihai commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd. Ji'nan branch Pledgor: SHANDONG LEISHI INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022980010174 |