CN212334925U

CN212334925U - Livestock and poultry manure resourceful treatment engineering fermentation system

Info

Publication number: CN212334925U
Application number: CN202020197859.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张亚雷; 周雪飞; 尹文俊; 陈家斌; 高峰
Original assignee: Tongji University
Current assignee: Tongji University
Priority date: 2020-02-21
Filing date: 2020-02-21
Publication date: 2021-01-12
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a fermentation system for recycling treatment engineering of livestock and poultry manure. Stirring the fermentation raw materials in the mixing tank, sinking the inorganic impurities into a sand collecting hopper in the stirring process, and discharging sand to a sand collecting tank through a sand discharging device after the feeding is finished. The uniformly mixed feed liquid is conveyed to a conveyor belt type filter screen for screening, impurities which are easy to form scum in a fermentation tank are screened and unloaded to a fixed filter screen, and the impurities are further scraped to a solid recycling system through a scraper for aerobic recycling fermentation. The feed liquid sieved by the conveyor belt type filter screen and the sewage filtered by the fixed filter screen enter a feeding pool and then enter a liquid recycling system through a feeding pump, so that the liquid recycling reaction is further realized. The invention solves the problems of abrasion and blockage of equipment and pipelines caused by impurities in the livestock and poultry excrement, difficult slag discharge at the bottom and easy formation of floating slag at the top after entering the fermentation tank, and improves the operation management level and the resource utilization efficiency of the livestock and poultry excrement resource treatment project.

Description

Livestock and poultry manure resourceful treatment engineering fermentation system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of resources and environment, and particularly relates to a method for removing impurities from anaerobic fermentation raw materials in a livestock and poultry manure recycling treatment project.

Background

At present, the domestic livestock and poultry breeding manure treatment technology mainly comprises 3 types of returning treatment, composting treatment and fermentation treatment. The returning treatment is only suitable for the free-ranging farmers or the small farms. The composting technology has the defects of large floor area, long period, large air pollution and the like, so that the application and popularization of the composting technology are limited. The aerobic treatment has large basic investment and high operation cost, and cannot be popularized. The anaerobic treatment can remove a large amount of organic matters and kill various viruses in the excrement. The technology is not only suitable for livestock and poultry produced in large scale in factory, but also suitable for small-scale family culture.

However, the livestock and poultry manure contains a large amount of inorganic impurities such as sand and the like and impurities such as pig hair, chicken feather, straw and the like which are easy to form scum in a fermentation tank, which bring a series of problems to engineering operation management:

1) the livestock and poultry manure contains a large amount of inorganic impurities, and a feeding pump, a feeding pipeline and a stirring device are easily abraded in the feeding and conveying process; inorganic impurities are discharged irregularly, so that the effective volume of the fermentation tank is reduced, and the fermentation efficiency is further reduced.

2) The livestock and poultry manure contains impurities such as pig hair, chicken feather, straw and the like, and is easy to block a submersible sewage pump and a conveying pipeline. The operation cost of conveying the impurities into the anaerobic fermentation tank after the impurities are cut by the cutting machine is high, and the equipment is complex.

3) Impurities such as pig hair, chicken feather, straw and the like easily float on the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank to form scum, and methane is difficult to overflow, so that the potential hazard of explosion exists; this scum is difficult to clean from the fermentation tank.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is the equipment wearing and tearing, the pipeline jam among the dirty resourceful treatment engineering anaerobic fermentation process of beasts and birds excrement to and technical problem such as fermentation vat slag discharge difficulty.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fermentation system for a recycling treatment project of livestock and poultry manure comprises a solid-liquid separation device, a liquid collecting tank, an aerobic fermentation tank and an anaerobic fermentation tank; the solid-liquid separation device comprises a mixing tank, a solid collecting tank and a liquid collecting tank; the mixing tank is internally provided with a stirrer for stirring slurry, the bottom of the mixing tank is provided with a scraper and a sand collecting hopper, the scraper can move horizontally to scrape sand and stone at the bottom into the sand collecting hopper, and the sand collecting hopper is provided with a valve; two chain wheels are arranged above the liquid collecting tank, a conveyor belt type filter screen is arranged on the chain wheels, and a pressing plate capable of moving up and down is arranged above the conveyor belt type filter screen and used for extruding water; the solid collecting tank and the liquid collecting tank share one tank wall, and one chain wheel is positioned above the tank wall; arranging a thick slurry pump in the mixing tank, and conveying the thick slurry to the surface of the conveyor belt type filter screen through a pipeline by the thick slurry pump; the liquid collecting tank is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the anaerobic fermentation tank is also connected with a solid-liquid separation tank; the aerobic fermentation tank is connected with the solid collecting tank, a biogas slurry return pipe is arranged between the solid-liquid separation tank and the aerobic fermentation tank, and a biogas slurry return pipe is also arranged between the solid-liquid separation tank and the mixing tank.

Further, a brush assembly is arranged near the chain wheel close to the solid collecting tank and used for scraping off residues remained on the rolling type filter screen.

Furthermore, a sand collecting tank is arranged below the tank bottom of the mixing tank.

Furthermore, a bidirectional screw rod is arranged at the top of the mixing tank, two sliding nuts are arranged on the screw rod, a connecting rod is arranged on the nuts, the scraping plates are fixed on the connecting rod, and the two scraping plates move oppositely or oppositely.

The technical scheme shows that the invention has the following advantages: the mixing and stirring machine can uniformly mix the livestock and poultry manure and simultaneously realize the removal of inorganic impurities, thereby reducing the abrasion of pump equipment and pipelines; the conveyer belt type filter screen and the fixed filter screen can screen out impurities such as pig hair, chicken feather, straw and the like in the livestock and poultry manure. The screened feed liquid can be fed by a common submersible sewage pump, so that the blockage of a feed pump and a feed pipeline is avoided, the equipment is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the operation and the management are convenient; meanwhile, scum is prevented from being formed at the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the hidden danger of explosion caused by overlarge fermentation tank pressure due to overflow of methane is avoided; the high-efficiency recycling of the excrement is realized, and fuel gas, aquaculture feed, organic fertilizer, biomass electric heating plants, biomass pellet fuel and the like can be obtained.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an anaerobic fermentation method for recycling treatment engineering of livestock and poultry manure;

FIG. 2 shows a solid-liquid separator for livestock and poultry manure.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2, the livestock and poultry manure solid-liquid separation device of the present invention comprises a mixing tank 31, a solid collecting tank 45 and a liquid collecting tank 44; wherein, a stirrer is arranged in the mixing tank and used for stirring the slurry, and the stirrer mainly comprises a stirring screw 36, a rotating shaft 37 and a motor 38. A scraping plate 32 and a sand collecting hopper 35 are arranged at the bottom of the mixing pool, the scraping plate 32 can move horizontally to scrape sand and stone at the bottom into the sand collecting hopper 35, and a valve (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the sand collecting hopper 35; two chain wheels 43 are arranged above the liquid collecting tank, a rolling type filter screen 41 is arranged on the chain wheels, a pressing plate capable of moving up and down is arranged above the rolling type filter screen 41 and used for squeezing water, the pressing plate can be driven by a cylinder assembly in the up-and-down movement mode, and the cylinder assembly is not shown in the drawing; the solids collection tank 45 shares a wall with the liquid collection tank 44, with a sprocket located above the wall; a thick liquid pump 39 is arranged in the mixing tank, and the thick liquid pump 39 conveys the thick liquid to the surface of the rolling type filter screen through a pipeline. A brush assembly 46 is also provided adjacent the sprocket adjacent the solids collection basin for scraping off residue remaining on the roller screen. A sand collecting tank 34 is also arranged below the tank bottom of the mixing tank.

A bidirectional screw 311 is arranged at the top of the mixing tank, two sliding nuts 310 are arranged on the screw 311, a connecting rod is arranged on the nuts 310, the scrapers 32 are fixed on the connecting rod, and the two scrapers 32 move relatively or oppositely.

The mixing stirrer can uniformly mix the feces of the livestock and poultry, remove inorganic impurities and reduce the abrasion of pump equipment and pipelines. The conveyer belt type filter screen and the fixed filter screen can screen out impurities such as pig hair, chicken feather, straw and the like in the livestock and poultry manure. The screened feed liquid can be fed by a common submersible sewage pump, so that the blockage of a feed pump and a feed pipeline is avoided, the equipment is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the operation and the management are convenient; meanwhile, scum is prevented from being formed at the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the hidden danger of explosion caused by overlarge pressure of the fermentation tank due to overflow of methane is avoided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the above method was applied to a farm located in a suburb, and the scale of cultivation was 4000 pigs. In order to solve the problem of pig manure, a comprehensive pig manure recycling treatment plant is built, and the method comprises the following specific steps:

1. the daily produced pig manure is about 5-8t, the solid content is about 20-15%, and the pig manure is conveyed to 50m by a conveyer belt³In the mixing tank. Discharging the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry storage tank into a mixing tank while conveying, wherein the reflux ratio is 12%;

2. stirring and mixing the fermented manure raw materials and the biogas slurry uniformly by using a material mixing stirrer in a material mixing tank, wherein the mixing time is 30-120 min;

3. inorganic impurities with high density in the fecal sewage fermentation raw materials sink to the bottom of the mixing tank in the stirring process, are scraped to a sand collecting hopper at the bottom of the mixing tank through a sand scraper, and are discharged to a sand collecting tank through a sand discharge valve;

4. conveying the mixed material liquid to a conveyor belt type filter screen through a pump for screening, and performing filter pressing by using a pressing plate; separating the liquid and the solid and respectively recovering;

5. feeding the separated liquid into an anaerobic fermentation tank through a feed pump for anaerobic fermentation, feeding the fermentation liquid into a solid-liquid-gas separation tank for separating and collecting methane, methane liquid and methane slag, and storing the methane liquid by using a methane liquid storage tank; putting the separated solid impurities into an aerobic fermentation tank, adding straw and biogas residues separated from a solid-liquid-gas separation tank, and carrying out aerobic fermentation treatment on the mixed solid through aeration and stirring; when the liquid anaerobic fermentation reaction of the anaerobic fermentation tank is not complete, namely more than 10 percent of liquid is unreacted, the produced biogas slurry is introduced into the aerobic fermentation tank.

6. The aerobic fermentation product is used for preparing organic fertilizers, biomass electric heating plants and biomass granular fuels; the collected biogas slurry is processed for preparing aquaculture feed.

Claims

1. A livestock and poultry manure resourceful treatment engineering fermentation system is characterized in that: comprises a solid-liquid separation device, a liquid collecting tank, an aerobic fermentation tank and an anaerobic fermentation tank; the solid-liquid separation device comprises a mixing tank, a solid collecting tank and a liquid collecting tank; the mixing tank is internally provided with a stirrer for stirring slurry, the bottom of the mixing tank is provided with a scraper and a sand collecting hopper, the scraper can move horizontally to scrape sand and stone at the bottom into the sand collecting hopper, and the sand collecting hopper is provided with a valve; two chain wheels are arranged above the liquid collecting tank, a conveyor belt type filter screen is arranged on the chain wheels, and a pressing plate capable of moving up and down is arranged above the conveyor belt type filter screen and used for extruding water; the solid collecting tank and the liquid collecting tank share one tank wall, and one chain wheel is positioned above the tank wall; arranging a thick slurry pump in the mixing tank, and conveying the thick slurry to the surface of the conveyor belt type filter screen through a pipeline by the thick slurry pump; the liquid collecting tank is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the anaerobic fermentation tank is also connected with a solid-liquid separation tank; the aerobic fermentation tank is connected with the solid collecting tank, a biogas slurry return pipe is arranged between the solid-liquid separation tank and the aerobic fermentation tank, and a biogas slurry return pipe is also arranged between the solid-liquid separation tank and the mixing tank.

2. The livestock and poultry manure resourceful treatment engineering fermentation system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: a brush assembly is also provided adjacent the sprocket adjacent the solids collection basin for scraping off residue remaining on the conveyor screen.

3. The livestock and poultry manure resourceful treatment engineering fermentation system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: a sand collecting tank is also arranged below the tank bottom of the mixing tank.

4. The livestock and poultry manure resourceful treatment engineering fermentation system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the top of the mixing tank is provided with a bidirectional screw rod, the screw rod is provided with two sliding nuts, the nuts are provided with connecting rods, the scraping plates are fixed on the connecting rods, and the two scraping plates move oppositely or oppositely.