CN212318215U - Shark gill type blade drag reduction structure and blade for wind driven generator - Google Patents
Shark gill type blade drag reduction structure and blade for wind driven generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN212318215U CN212318215U CN202021215582.2U CN202021215582U CN212318215U CN 212318215 U CN212318215 U CN 212318215U CN 202021215582 U CN202021215582 U CN 202021215582U CN 212318215 U CN212318215 U CN 212318215U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a shark gill type blade drag reduction structure and a blade for a wind driven generator, wherein the fan blade drag reduction structure is arranged on the surface of the blade and comprises a groove arranged on the blade, the groove is provided with an airflow inlet and a plurality of airflow outlets, and airflow channels are formed between the airflow inlet and the airflow outlets; the blade rotates, airflow enters from the airflow inlet, and sequentially passes through the airflow outlet along the airflow channel to form jet flow, the flow velocity of the gas in the airflow channel is lower than that of the main flow, the flow path of the jet flow flowing out of the airflow outlet is bent under the impact of the main flow, a buffer area is formed between the surface of the blade and the main flow, and the friction of the main flow on the blade is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wind power generation technical field, in particular to shark gill formula blade drag reduction structure and blade for aerogenerator.
Background
Wind is an extremely common natural phenomenon, and wind energy derived from the wind is huge in storage amount and is an inexhaustible renewable resource. Under the urgent requirements of increasing energy demand and energy transformation, wind power generation is rapidly developed, is a wind energy utilization mode with the most mature technology in the world at present, and an attempt to utilize wind power generation begins after world war for the first time in the beginning of the last century, and Danish engineers manufacture a small-sized wind power generator set according to the principle of an airplane propeller. The generation of electricity by wind energy in China began in the 70 th 20 th century, and then micro-miniature wind generating sets were the main, and medium-and large-sized generating sets were developed in the 80 th century.
The process of wind power generation refers to the process that kinetic energy of wind is converted into mechanical energy through a wind turbine, and then the mechanical energy drives a generator to generate electricity and then the electricity is converted into electric energy. The wind turbine is a core component of a wind power generation system and mainly comprises a vertical shaft and a horizontal shaft, and the horizontal shaft wind turbine is higher in wind energy utilization efficiency and wider in application range. A typical horizontal axis wind turbine mainly comprises a wind wheel, a cabin, a hub, a speed regulator, a direction adjusting device, a transmission mechanism, a mechanical brake device and a tower frame. The wind wheel of the horizontal shaft fan is formed by installing blades (generally 2-3 blades in a current commercial unit) with excellent aerodynamic performance on a hub, the blades rotate around a horizontal shaft, and a rotating plane is perpendicular to the wind direction. The wind wheel rotating at low speed is accelerated by the speed-increasing gear box through the transmission system, and power is transmitted to the generator. The wind turbine blade is an important core component of the wind turbine, and the performance of the wind turbine blade directly influences the power generation efficiency. The resistance to the blades during their rotation mainly comes from the resistance of the mutual friction between the blades and the surrounding air flow, which may even be as high as 70% of the total resistance, which greatly increases the energy consumption of the wind turbine, and therefore, reducing the resistance of the blades is directly related to improving the efficiency of the wind turbine.
When the shark breathes in nature, water enters the pharynx from the mouth and the water inlet hole and flows out of the body through the branchia cleft. The shark has an epibranchial cleft in a plane similar to the surrounding body surface. The gill crack part sprays and discharges seawater outwards and interacts with surrounding environmental fluid, so that the flow field structure around the shark body surface is changed, and the resistance of the shark body surface is reduced. The utility model discloses it splits the bionic blade drag reduction structure of structure and has designed a novel wind energy conversion system just according to the shark gill. The wind energy conversion system blade appearance is streamlined, and utility model's blade structure is set for and is adopted the shark gill to split the structure at the blade windward side, has one (or a plurality of) import to admit air, and a plurality of exports are given vent to anger, constitute airflow channel between the exit, and the exit cross-section forms efflux phenomenon. The flowing air flow has viscosity, a boundary layer is formed near a wind turbine blade, a speed gradient exists in the boundary layer, the friction resistance depends on the change of the speed gradient in the boundary layer and is reduced along with the reduction of the speed gradient, obviously, the thicker the boundary layer is, the smaller the speed gradient change is, the smaller the friction resistance is, the jet flow is bent under the action of the main flow and is tightly attached to the surface of the wind turbine blade, a buffer zone is formed between the main flow and the surface of the wind turbine blade by the jet flow fluid, the thickness of the boundary layer is increased, and the continuous equidistant air flow outlet simultaneously prolongs and strengthens the buffer action, so that the sweep of the main flow to the surface of the wind turbine blade is weakened, the blade resistance is reduced, the blade structure is optimized, the blade structure is suitable.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a shark gill formula blade drag reduction structure and blade for aerogenerator can the surperficial boundary layer thickness of effectual increase fan blade, reduces speed gradient, and the contact of control mainstream and wall reduces the surface friction resistance, improves aerogenerator's power.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a shark gill type blade drag reduction structure of a wind driven generator is characterized in that the drag reduction structure is arranged on the surface of a blade and comprises a groove formed in the blade, the groove is provided with an airflow inlet and a plurality of airflow outlets, and airflow channels are formed between the airflow inlet and the airflow outlets;
the blade rotates, airflow enters from the airflow inlet, and sequentially passes through the airflow outlet along the airflow channel to form jet flow, the flow velocity of the gas in the airflow channel is lower than that of the main flow, the flow path of the jet flow flowing out of the airflow outlet is bent under the impact of the main flow, a buffer area is formed between the surface of the blade and the main flow, and the friction of the main flow on the blade is reduced.
Furthermore, a linear distance between two points on the front edge and the rear edge of any cross section of the blade provided with the drag reduction structure is c, the linear distance is set as an x axis, 25% -30% of c is an airflow inlet, 32% -34% of c is a first airflow outlet, 36% -38% of c is a second airflow outlet, 40% -42% of c is a third airflow outlet, 44% -46% of c is a fourth airflow outlet, and 48% -50% of c is a fifth airflow outlet along the distance from the front edge point to the x axis.
Further, the intersection line of the airflow inlet and the blade surface is perpendicular to the x axis.
Furthermore, the molded line of the air flow outlet is parallel to the molded line of the air flow inlet.
Further, the drag reduction structure is arranged in the blade height area of 60% -80%.
The utility model provides a fan blade which characterized in that includes:
the fan blade drag reduction structure is characterized in that; and the number of the first and second groups,
a blade body;
the drag reduction structure is arranged on the surface of the blade body.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage:
the shark gill type blade drag reduction structure for the wind driven generator is provided for the first time, the bionic structure is provided according to the shark gill cracking structure, the surface friction resistance of the blade is effectively reduced, the generation of flow loss is inhibited, the pneumatic characteristic of the blade can be optimized, the service life of a wind turbine is prolonged, and the working performance and the reliability of the whole machine are improved. The method has important theoretical significance and practical application value, and provides scientific basis for improving the performance and optimizing the design of the wind driven generator.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a shark gill type blade drag reduction structure of a wind driven generator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a middle section of the region where the drag reducing structure exists in the blade height direction;
fig. 3 is a partial view of the airflow inlet and outlet of the drag reduction structure.
Wherein: 1. a wind turbine blade; 2. an airflow inlet; 3. a first airflow outlet; 4. a second gas flow outlet; 5. a third gas flow outlet; 6. a fourth airflow outlet; 7. a fifth gas flow outlet; 8. an air flow channel; 9. the outer surface of the wind turbine blade; 10. the inner surface of the wind turbine blade.
Detailed Description
It is noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-described drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a system, product or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements explicitly listed, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product or apparatus.
At present, the wind turbine blades are mostly made of glass fibers or high-strength composite materials, for convenient observation, the large-scale low-speed wind turbine blades are simplified into a wind turbine blade 1 structure, the range of 60-80% of the blade height is selected as the existing area of the drag reduction blade structure, and at the moment, 70% of the blade sections are the middle sections of the drag reduction structure. The leading edge of the section is connected with the trailing edge in a straight line, the length is c, the x axis is set, and the leading edge point is 0 point. The position 25% c from the leading edge is the position where the airflow inlet 2 appears, and the length of the airflow inlet 2 is 20% of the blade height, and the width is 5% c. Sharks typically had 1 water inlet, 3 or more gill splits, and the study was selected to have 5 gill-split-like gas flow outlets. The five positions of 32% -34% c, 36% -38% c, 40% -42% c, 44% -46% c and 48% -50% c are sequentially provided with a first airflow outlet 3, a second airflow outlet 4, a third airflow outlet 5, a fourth airflow outlet 6 and a fifth airflow outlet 7, and the widths of the five positions are all 2% c. The five airflow outlets are the same in spacing and height. As the shark has the branchia cleft and the surrounding body surface approximately on a plane, the left and right molded lines of the airflow inlet and outlet at the positions of 25% c, 30% c, 32% c, 34% c, 36% c, 38% c, 40% c, 42% c, 44% c, 46% c, 48% c and 50% c are on the surface molded line of the original wind turbine blade 1 and are parallel to each other to form the outer surface 9 of the wind turbine blade. The length of the air flow channel 8 in the x-direction is 25% c and in the direction perpendicular to the x-axis is 2% c. After the width of the airflow inlet 2 in the x direction is ensured, the position of the inner surface 10 of the wind turbine blade can be determined, and is taken as the starting position of the airflow channel 8, and the structure of the airflow channel 8 is finished until 50 c% of the position of the inner surface 10 of the wind turbine blade is finished. When the wind turbine rotates, airflow has viscosity, a boundary layer is formed near an object, a speed gradient exists in the boundary layer, the magnitude of frictional resistance depends on the change of the speed gradient in the boundary layer, the more obvious the speed gradient is, the larger the frictional resistance is, the friction resistance loss is caused by the sweeping of the main flow to the surface of the blade during rotation, and obviously, the thicker the boundary layer is, the smaller the frictional resistance is. When the wind turbine blade 1 with the drag reduction structure rotates, airflow enters from the airflow inlet 2, the shark breathing process is simulated, and the airflow is discharged from the five bionic gill-splitting structures of the first airflow outlet, the second airflow outlet, the third airflow outlet, the fourth airflow outlet and the fifth airflow outlet in the airflow channel in sequence. After entering the airflow channel 8, the speed of the airflow is lower than the speed of the external main flow, and the speed is gradually reduced along with the flowing process of the airflow channel 8, so that the low-energy fluid mass flow path is bent and clings to the outer surface 9 of the wind power blade when meeting the main flow after the jet flow at the airflow outlet flows out. The buffer area between the main flow and the outer surface 9 of the wind turbine blade is formed, the boundary layer is thickened, the speed gradient is weakened, the surface friction resistance loss is reduced, the interval of airflow outlets is smaller and the height is the same, when the buffer effect of the previous jet flow group is not disappeared, the jet flow group following the former jet flow group appears, the buffer effect continuously exists and is enhanced, a certain distance is kept, the speed gradient change of the buffer area is smaller, the friction resistance is reduced, the flow field around the outer surface 9 of the wind turbine blade is improved, the acting capacity of the wind turbine blade 1 is improved, and the performance of a unit is improved.
It should be noted that, the lengths of the airflow inlet and the airflow outlet of the drag reduction structure may be any value (greater than zero) of the blade height, the widths of the airflow inlet and the airflow outlet may be any value (greater than zero) of the blade width of the wind turbine, the distribution positions of the airflow inlet and the airflow outlet include the full range of 360 ° of the blade perimeter, the number of the airflow inlet and the airflow outlet is not limited, any value (greater than zero) of the blade width may be any value, the shapes of the airflow inlet and the airflow outlet include different shapes such as rectangle, square, circle, ellipse, etc., and the distance between the airflow outlets includes but is not limited to equal spacing.
The shark gill blade drag reduction structure of the wind driven generator according to the embodiment of the invention is described above with reference to fig. 1-3. Further, the utility model discloses still can be applied to fan blade.
A fan blade comprising: the fan blade drag reduction structure is characterized in that; and the number of the first and second groups,
a blade body;
the fan blade drag reduction structure is arranged on the surface of the blade body.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a fan blade has the same technical characteristics with the vortex generator that above-mentioned embodiment provided, so also can solve the same technical problem, reach the same technological effect.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned fan blade can be used in a horizontal axis wind turbine or a vertical axis wind turbine, and the number of blades and the rotation speed of the wind turbine are not limited.
The above describes the fan blade of the embodiment of the present invention. Further, the application also discloses a manufacturing method of the fan blade, which comprises the following steps:
providing a blade body;
the surface of the blade body is provided with a groove, the groove is provided with an airflow inlet and a plurality of airflow outlets, and an airflow channel is formed between the airflow inlet and the airflow outlets;
the molded lines of the airflow inlet and the airflow outlet are arranged on the molded line of the initial surface of the blade body and are parallel to each other to form the outer surface of the blade.
And determining the initial position of the inner surface of the fan blade, taking the initial position as the initial position of the airflow channel, setting a preset distance in the direction of the rear edge of the fan blade, and taking the end position of the inner surface of the fan blade as the end position of the airflow channel.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, but the present invention is only by way of example and is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, variations and modifications in equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. A shark gill type blade drag reduction structure of a wind driven generator is characterized in that the drag reduction structure is arranged on the surface of a blade and comprises a groove arranged on the blade, the groove is provided with an airflow inlet and a plurality of airflow outlets, and airflow channels are formed between the airflow inlet and the airflow outlets;
the blade rotates, airflow enters from the airflow inlet, and sequentially passes through the airflow outlet along the airflow channel to form jet flow, the flow velocity of the gas in the airflow channel is lower than that of the main flow, the flow path of the jet flow flowing out of the airflow outlet is bent under the impact of the main flow, a buffer area is formed between the surface of the blade and the main flow, and the friction of the main flow on the blade is reduced.
2. The shark gill blade drag reduction structure of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the blade is provided with a drag reduction structure having a straight line distance c between the front and rear edges of any cross section and is set as x-axis, and along the x-axis from the front edge point, 25-30% c is the air inlet, 32-34% c is the first air outlet, 36-38% c is the second air outlet, 40-42% c is the third air outlet, 44-46% c is the fourth air outlet, and 48-50% c is the fifth air outlet.
3. The shark gill blade drag reduction structure of a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the intersection of the air inlet and the blade surface is perpendicular to the x-axis.
4. The shark gill blade drag reduction structure of a wind turbine of claim 1, wherein the air flow outlet profile is parallel to the air flow inlet profile.
5. Shark gill blade drag reducing structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the drag reducing structure is arranged in the blade height area of 60-80%.
6. A fan blade, comprising:
shark gill blade drag reducing structure of a wind turbine according to any of claims 1-5; and the number of the first and second groups,
a blade body;
the shark gill type blade drag reduction structure of the wind driven generator is arranged on the surface of the blade body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021215582.2U CN212318215U (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Shark gill type blade drag reduction structure and blade for wind driven generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021215582.2U CN212318215U (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Shark gill type blade drag reduction structure and blade for wind driven generator |
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| CN212318215U true CN212318215U (en) | 2021-01-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111577531A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-08-25 | 上海海事大学 | Shark gill type blade drag reduction structure for wind driven generator, blade and manufacturing method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111577531A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-08-25 | 上海海事大学 | Shark gill type blade drag reduction structure for wind driven generator, blade and manufacturing method |
| WO2022001691A1 (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2022-01-06 | 上海海事大学 | Shark gill-shaped blade drag reduction structure for wind generator, blade, and manufacturing method |
| CN111577531B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2024-04-05 | 上海海事大学 | Shark gill type blade drag reduction structure for wind driven generator, blade and manufacturing method |
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