CN212307999U - Single-rod double-nail external fixing frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single-rod double-nail external fixing frame, which comprises a head end clamp plate, a tail end clamp plate, a connecting rod and head-tail combined locking nails, wherein the bottom of the clamp plate is provided with a through-nail round hole, two side walls of the clamp plate are penetrated and provided with nail rod through holes, a fit clearance between the two side walls is a locking seam, and the diameter of the through-nail round hole is larger than the width of the locking seam; the head end of the rod body of the connecting rod is provided with a shaft seat, the center of the shaft seat is provided with a shaft hole, and the tail end of the rod body is provided with a screw rod section; the combined locking nail comprises a fixing nail and a notch pin, wherein the lower end of a rod body of the fixing nail is a self-tapping section used for screwing in bone, and at least the lower section of the fixing nail is provided with a notch which is combined with the notch pin. The utility model discloses simple structure can reduce as far as possible and cause the traumatic nature that forms to the patient because of the operation, can alleviate the volume and the weight of patient rehabilitation period outer support, improves patient rehabilitation period action flexibility, alleviates the outer support to the oppressive of fracture position, does benefit to the recovery.

Description

Single-rod double-nail external fixing frame

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the fracture locating rack, concretely relates to only fix a position fixed external fixation frame to the fracture through single connecting rod and four nails.

Background

The fixing mode to the fracture has steel plate fixation, outer frame fixation and intramedullary nail fixation, and the steel plate internal fixation has easy operation, short learning cycle, but the nail plate integrated configuration that adopts at present has the problem to be: the wound is large, the accidental injury probability is high, infection and non-healing, delayed healing, nail and plate breaking occur occasionally, the postoperative scar is large, the beauty is affected, and the minimally invasive principle is not met. The mount that uses at treatment fracture has a lot of varieties, but all there is the structure complicacy, constitute the many shortcoming of part, the fixed staple of squeezing into to the fracture both sides vertical of adopting of current outrigger, then constitute the mount through a plurality of universal joints and connecting rod interconnect, because the universal joint need have horizontal rotation and lock die and vertical rotation and lock dead regulation relation, universal wheel is bulky, whole outer frame is bulky, carry inconveniently after the patient of fracture installs and uses, the clothes can't be worn and changed at the fracture position, influence the outer activity of wading, it is easy and simple to handle to await developing, convenient to carry and the fracture fixation outrigger who is accepted by the patient easily. The fixed fracture fixed mode that is commonly used of outrigger, the staple is squeezed into to the fracture both sides vertical to the fixed many adoption of current outrigger, then constitute the mount through a plurality of universal joints and connecting rod interconnect, because the universal joint need have horizontal rotation and lock die with vertical rotation and lock dead regulation relation, universal wheel is bulky great, whole outer frame is bulky bigger, carry after the fracture patient installs and uses inconveniently, the clothes can't be worn at the fracture position, the influence is involved in external activities, it is easy and simple to handle to wait to develop a urgent need, convenient to carry and the fixed outrigger of fracture easily accepted by the patient.

Femoral shaft fractures and distal femoral fractures are common fractures in clinical practice. Surgical treatment is the preferred treatment method, and reduction butt joint and fixation are firstly carried out on two ends of a fracture part before intramedullary nail fixation and bone plate fixation are carried out. Traction is an important means for reducing femoral fracture and recovering the length of lower limbs. At present, a tractor used for the reduction of lower limb fracture patients in each hospital mainly comprises a traction rope and a pulley, one end of the traction rope is connected with a bracket at the fracture part, and the other end of the traction rope bypasses the pulley to suspend weights, and traction force is controlled by increasing the number of the weights or changing the weight of the weights manually. The patient lies in the sickbed and can move and bounce, so that the traction force is changed, and once the traction force is changed, the weight of the weight is adjusted. For the existing manual control method, the frequent replacement of the weights is very inconvenient, which not only increases the burden on the nursing staff in the hospital, but also brings trouble to the reduction of the fracture patient. On the other hand, because the one end of haulage rope is connected the fracture position distal end, and needs the traction dynamics great, leads to the fracture distal end to be followed the haulage rope direction only, and fracture distal end and near-end have crisscross and twist reverse the condition usually after the fracture, belongs to the rigidity through the mode of drawing the fracture distal end among the prior art and pulls, is difficult for rotating and swing the fracture to can't reach the best effect that resets.

The fixed fracture fixed mode that is commonly used of outrigger, the staple is squeezed into to the fracture both sides vertical to the fixed many adoption of current outrigger, then constitute the mount through a plurality of universal joints and connecting rod interconnect, because the universal joint need have horizontal rotation and lock die with vertical rotation and lock dead regulation relation, universal wheel is bulky great, whole outer frame is bulky bigger, carry after the fracture patient installs and uses inconveniently, the clothes can't be worn at the fracture position, the influence is involved in external activities, it is easy and simple to handle to wait to develop a urgent need, convenient to carry and the fixed outrigger of fracture easily accepted by the patient.

The external fracture fixation frame mounting component with the publication number of CN 109009372A has a simple structure, can enable a patient to carry fewer external fixation frames, but has a complex operation process, needs more matched structural parts and has higher realization difficulty.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses there are various drawback problems to present fracture fixed mode, provide the structure and simplify but the better single pole double nail external fixation frame of practicality to reach the purpose that wicresoft and very big degree simplified the structure, do benefit to the nimble action of patient's recovered phase, and reduce medical cost.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is that a single-rod double-nail external fixing frame is adopted and comprises a head end clamping plate a, a tail end clamping plate b, a connecting rod and a head-tail combined locking nail, wherein the clamping plate is U-shaped, a nail penetrating circular hole is formed in the bottom of the clamping plate, two side walls of the clamping plate are provided with nail rod through holes in a penetrating mode, a fit gap between the two side walls of the clamping plate is a locking seam, and the diameter of the nail penetrating circular hole is larger than the width of the locking seam; the head end of the rod body of the connecting rod is provided with a shaft seat, the center of the shaft seat is provided with a shaft hole, and the tail end of the rod body is provided with a screw rod section; the combined locking nail comprises a fixing nail and a notch pin, wherein the lower end of a rod body of the fixing nail is a self-tapping screw section for screwing into a bone, at least the lower section of the fixing nail is provided with a notch, and the notch is combined with the notch pin; the head end combined lock nail is vertically sleeved in the nail penetrating round hole of the head end clamping plate a, the tail end combined lock nail is vertically sleeved in the nail penetrating round hole of the tail end clamping plate b, the head end of the connecting rod is fixed with the head end combined lock nail through the screw rod penetrating through the shaft hole, and the screw rod section is fixed after the screw rod penetrating through the tail end clamping plate b is punched.

A gap is arranged on one side of the fixing nail from top to bottom, the gap is combined with a gap pin, and the combined locking nail is approximately cylindrical.

The lower end of the rod body of the fixing nail is a self-tapping screw section used for being screwed into bone, the upper section of the rod body is provided with a screw thread section, a knock pin nut is installed on the screw thread section of the upper section of the fixing nail, and the upper end of the notch pin is supported on the lower edge of the knock pin nut.

The notch pin and the fixing pin are fixed in a way that a radial through hole is arranged between the fixing pin and the locking pin penetrates through the through hole to be fixed with the locking pin.

Set up along axial convex-concave line in the drift pin round hole of each splint, perhaps set up convex-concave line in the combination staple outside for improve the locking degree between splint and the combination staple.

Convex-concave anti-skid lines are arranged around the nail rod through holes on the two outer side walls of each clamping plate.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: 1. the utility model discloses simple structure can reduce as far as possible and cause the traumatic nature that forms to the patient because of the operation, can alleviate the volume and the weight of patient rehabilitation period outer support, improves patient rehabilitation period action flexibility, alleviates the outer support to the oppressive of fracture position, does benefit to the recovery.

2. The utility model discloses location easy operation only needs to study through simple training and can accomplish the operation, simplifies the operation work load, reduces the operation cost.

3. The utility model discloses simple structure is practical, and low in manufacturing cost reduces medical cost. Fewer structural components provide convenience for sterilization and maintenance processes. Not only is the installation easy, but also the removal is easy.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an application schematic diagram of the external fixing frame of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the external fixing frame of the present invention in a standard state.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the assembled state of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a front view of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a side view of fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing an assembled state of the assembled fastening nail.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a disassembled state of the combination staple.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the connecting rod structure.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the clamping block.

Fig. 11 is a general perspective view of the external fixator of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is one of the staple and notch pin combinations.

Fig. 13 shows a second combination of a staple and a notch pin.

Reference numbers in the figures: the combined lock nail comprises a connecting rod 1, a combined lock nail 2, a self-tapping screw section 21, a thread section 22, a notch 23, a plane 24, a clamping plate 3, a head end clamping plate 3a, a tail end clamping plate 3b, a nail rod through hole 31, a locking seam 32, a through nail round hole 33, convex-concave anti-skidding threads 34, a lock nut 4, a screw 5, an axle seat anti-skidding thread 6, a plane 7, an axle seat 8, an axle hole 9, a notch pin 10, a top pin nut 11, a lock nail 12, a diameter through hole 13 and a screw rod section 14.

Detailed Description

Example 1: when external fixing frames are applied to fixing fractures of thighbones, shinbones, humerus, ulna, radii and the like, fixing nails are usually driven into the two sides of the fractures in a vertical mode at present, universal joints are respectively installed at the exposed ends of the fixing nails, and adjacent universal joints are fixed through connecting rods. The two fixing nails are arranged in the two sections of the fracture and are driven into at least two fixing nails respectively to ensure that each fracture section cannot rotate, and because the nailing position may be moderately inclined, four fixing nails are difficult to be connected in series through one connecting rod, the connecting rod is required to be arranged between two adjacent fixing nails in the traditional mode, and the fixing is realized through a universal joint. The external fixing mode has a plurality of connecting rods with different directions, and all universal joints need to have the adjusting relation of transverse rotation and locking and vertical rotation and locking, so that the whole outer frame has a large volume, and a fracture patient is inconvenient to carry after installation and use, so that the patient cannot wear clothes to change, and the external movement is influenced. The utility model aims at providing a scheme of simplifying outrigger structure and simplifying installation procedure as far as possible, explains several kinds of main realization forms of outrigger through following each embodiment, can realize like the simplification effect of fig. 1 after this outrigger is used.

Example 1: a single-rod double-nail external fixator as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 is an assembled state of fig. 2, and it can be seen that: the outer frame mainly comprises a head end clamping plate 3a, a tail end clamping plate 3b, a connecting rod 1, a head end combined locking nail, a tail end combined locking nail, a screw 5 and a locking nut 4. The number of the components is small, the assembly is simple as shown in fig. 2, and compared with the structure of the existing external fixing frame, the structure is obviously simplified, and the volume of the external fixing frame is about 1/3 of the number of the components of the existing external fixing frame.

Fig. 4-6 show the outer frame from respective side orthographic views, and from fig. 4 it can be seen that the head end clamp plate 3a allows the connecting rod 1 to rotate and lock in the transverse plane, the tail end clamp plate 3b allows the connecting rod 1 to be adjusted in the axial direction, and the tail end combination lock pin to rotate in the longitudinal plane.

The combination locking pin shown in fig. 7 and 8: the self-tapping screw fixing nail comprises a fixing nail 2 and a notch pin 10, wherein a self-tapping screw section 21 used for screwing into a bone is arranged at the lower end of a rod body of the fixing nail 2, and at least a notch is arranged at the lower section of the fixing nail 2 and combined with the notch pin. Specifically, in this embodiment, a notch is formed in one side of the fixing nail 2 from top to bottom, the notch is combined with the notch pin, and the combined locking nail is approximately cylindrical.

The circumferential surface of the self-tapping section 21 of the combined locking nail is distributed with spiral blades which can be screwed into bone and form spiral holes. The staple 1 occupies the major part of the combined cylindrical shank, while the notch pin 10 occupies a minor part of the combined cylindrical shank. As can be seen in fig. 8, one side of the staple 2 has a flat, i.e. a notch. One side of the notch pin 10 also has a flat surface, and the two flat surfaces are matched and butted. The notch pin and the fixing nail are fixed, the notch pin and the fixing nail are not required to be directly fixed after being combined, and the fixing nail 2 and the notch pin 10 can be clamped together after the corresponding clamping plates are fixed, namely the notch pin and the fixing nail are fixed into a whole. The fixing nail 2 and the notch pin 10 can be provided with a transverse convex-concave structure on adjacent planes respectively, and after the fixing nail and the notch pin are buckled and fixed by corresponding clamping plates, the fixing nail and the notch pin can be prevented from sliding axially relative to each other.

The existing external fixing frame fixing nail applied to fracture is provided with a self-tapping hole at the lower end but is not provided with a self-locking structure, so that the external fixing frame fixing nail is not suitable for being independently applied, namely the external fixing frame fixing nail is not suitable for two sections of fracture to be fixed by only adopting a single nail, otherwise, the two sections of fracture can be automatically rotated to cause the butt joint position to be loosened or separated. However, when the combined locking nail is adopted in the embodiment, after the single combined locking nail is implanted into the fracture section, the combined locking nail cannot rotate relative to the fracture section, namely, the single combined locking nail and the fracture section are in a locking relation, so that the fixation of one fracture section can be achieved only by the single combined locking nail. In addition, current a plurality of staple are easy to be become flexible because of reversing after implanting the sclerotin, influence fixed effect, but the combination staple that this embodiment adopted can not reverse after implanting the sclerotin to thoroughly solve not hard up problem.

As can be seen from figure 1, the application of the embodiment can realize the self-locking function of the single nail, the single nail can be directly applied to one section of the fracture, and no rotation possibility exists between the fixing nail and the bone. When the locking nail in the embodiment is applied, the fixing nail 2 is screwed into the bone through the drilling tool, and the fixing nail 2 occupies most of the combined cylindrical nail body, so that a cylindrical cavity can be formed in the bone after screwing, the spiral blade of the fixing nail 2 is embedded into the bone, a gap exists between a plane (gap) on one side of the fixing nail 2 and the cylindrical cavity of the bone, and the gap pin 10 is pressed into the gap along the axial direction. The side of the cylindrical surface of the notch pin 10 is a smooth surface or has convex and concave lines along the axial direction, when the notch pin 10 is pressed into the thread gap along the axial direction, the inner wall of the gap can be damaged by the thread formed by the spiral blade on the cylindrical surface of the notch pin 10, and the notch pin 10 is clamped in the gap to prevent the fixing nail 2 from rotating. On the basis, one side of the cylindrical surface of the notch pin 10 can also be provided with a special-shaped surface, for example, a triangular rib along the axial direction is included, and the triangular rib is used for pressing the inner wall of the gap to form an anti-rotation effect.

It can be seen that, the vertical suit of head end combination staple is in the drift bolt round hole 33 of head end splint 3a, the vertical suit of tail end combination staple is in the drift bolt round hole 33 of tail end splint 3b, staple 2 plays main connection fixed action, the installation of breach round pin 10 can prevent that staple 2 from withdrawing from because of the back spin and leading to the not hard up problem of fixed position to take place, head end splint 3a and tail end splint 3b press from both sides tight head end combination staple and tail end combination staple respectively, make the staple 1 of combination nail and breach round pin 10 press from both sides the tight combination as an organic whole.

As shown in fig. 9, the head end of the rod body of the connecting rod 1 is provided with a shaft seat, the center of the shaft seat is provided with a shaft hole, and the tail end of the rod body is provided with a screw rod section. The shaft seat and the shaft hole can realize transverse surface rotation adjustment, and the screw rod section can realize axial adjustment and longitudinal surface rotation adjustment. And then three-dimensional adjustment is realized to adapt to any possible form of the head-end combined locking nail and the tail-end combined locking nail. As can be seen from fig. 9, the middle part of the connecting rod 1 is plate-shaped, the left end of the connecting rod is provided with a baffle table, the right end of the connecting rod is plate-shaped, a plane 7 is formed, the connecting rod is transited to the shaft seat 8, and a combination plane is formed between the end surface of the shaft seat 8 and the clamping plate.

Splint as shown in fig. 10: the whole structure is U-shaped, and the groove bottom and two side walls are arranged. Wherein, the tank bottom is provided with a through-nail round hole 33, two side walls of the through-nail round hole are penetrated with a through-nail rod hole 31, a fit clearance between the two side walls is a locking seam 32, and the diameter of the through-nail round hole 33 is larger than the width of the locking seam 32.

The head end and the head end of the connecting rod 1 are fixed by the combined lock nail through the screw rod penetrating through the shaft hole, and the screw rod section is fixed after penetrating through the nail rod through hole 31 of the tail clamping plate 3 b. As can be seen, convex-concave antiskid lines are arranged around the nail rod through holes 31 on the two outer side walls of each clamping plate so as to improve the stability of the connected parts. The nail-penetrating circular holes 33 of the clamping plates can be internally provided with convex-concave grains along the axial direction, or the outer sides of the combined locking nails are provided with convex-concave grains for improving the locking degree between the clamping plates and the combined locking nails.

Based on the scheme, the outer frame can adapt to any form of the head-end combined locking nail and the tail-end combined locking nail when being applied. As shown in fig. 11, after the combination nails are respectively implanted into two sections (distal section and proximal section) of the fracture, two nails are implanted without the aid of an auxiliary positioning tool, only two combination nails are required to be controlled to be blindly driven within the range of one side of the skeleton, the two combination nails are adapted to the two combination nails through the connecting rod 1 and the clamping plates at the two ends, and the screw rod and the locking wire are screwed after the adaptability adjustment.

Example 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, the lower end of the rod body of the fixing nail is designed to be a self-tapping screw section 21 for screwing into the bone, the upper section of the rod body is provided with a threaded section 22, as shown in fig. 12, the threaded section of the upper section of the fixing nail is provided with a top pin nut 11, the upper end of the notch pin 10 is supported on the lower edge of the top pin nut 11, and after the fixing nail 2 and the notch pin 10 are respectively implanted into the bone, the top pin nut 11 presses the notch pin 10 to prevent the notch pin from being pushed out.

Example 3: in example 1, the fixing manner between the notch pin and the fixing pin is the structural form as shown in fig. 13, that is, a radial through hole 13 is provided between the fixing pin and the locking pin, and the locking pin 12 is fixed through the radial through hole. The notch pin 10 is prevented from being withdrawn in the axial direction, so that the fixing nail 2 can be firmly fixed without being loosened.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the present invention may have other variations of the above embodiments, which are not described in detail. For the structure of present fracture external fixation frame several connecting rod and a plurality of universal joint very often, the above-mentioned external fixation frame structure of this embodiment is very simplified, and operation process is simple moreover, and for the external mount installation component of fracture that the publication is CN 109009372A, the utility model discloses operation degree of difficulty and application part quantity have further been simplified on the basis that the structure is simplified.

Claims (6)

1. The single-rod double-nail external fixing frame is characterized by comprising a head end clamping plate (3a), a tail end clamping plate (3b), a connecting rod (1) and head-tail combined locking nails, wherein the clamping plate is U-shaped, a through-nail round hole (33) is formed in the bottom of the clamping plate, nail rod through holes (31) are formed in two side walls of the clamping plate in a penetrating mode, a fit clearance existing between the two side walls is a locking seam (32), and the diameter of the through-nail round hole (33) is larger than the width of the locking seam (32); the head end of the rod body of the connecting rod (1) is provided with a shaft seat, the center of the shaft seat is provided with a shaft hole, and the tail end of the rod body is provided with a screw rod section; the combined locking nail comprises a fixing nail (2) and a notch pin (10), wherein the lower end of a rod body of the fixing nail (2) is a self-tapping screw section (21) which is screwed into bone, and at least the lower section of the fixing nail (2) is provided with a notch which is combined with the notch pin; the head end combined lock nail is vertically sleeved in a nail penetrating round hole (33) of the head end clamping plate (3a), the tail end combined lock nail is vertically sleeved in a nail penetrating round hole (33) of the tail end clamping plate (3b), the head end of the connecting rod (1) is fixed with the head end combined lock nail through a screw rod penetrating through the shaft hole, and the screw rod section is fixed after penetrating through a nail rod penetrating hole (31) of the tail end clamping plate (3 b).

2. The external single-rod double-nail fixing frame according to claim 1, wherein one side of the fixing nail (2) is provided with a notch from top to bottom, the notch is combined with a notch pin, and the combined locking nail is approximately cylindrical.

3. The external fixator of claim 1, wherein the lower end of the rod body of the fixator nail is a self-tapping screw section (21) for screwing into bone, the upper section of the rod body is provided with a threaded section (22), the threaded section of the upper section of the fixator nail is provided with a top pin nut (11), and the upper end of the notch pin (10) is supported on the lower edge of the top pin nut (11).

4. The external single-rod double-nail fixing frame according to claim 1, wherein the notch pin and the fixing nail are fixed in a manner that a radial through hole (13) is arranged between the fixing nail and the locking pin, and the locking nail (12) is fixed in a penetrating manner.

5. The external single-rod double-nail fixing frame according to claim 1, wherein convex-concave lines are arranged in the nail penetrating circular holes (33) of the clamping plates along the axial direction, or convex-concave lines are arranged on the outer sides of the combined locking nails, so that the locking degree between the clamping plates and the combined locking nails is improved.

6. The external single-rod double-nail fixing frame according to claim 1, wherein convex-concave anti-slip lines are arranged around the nail-rod through holes (31) on the two outer side walls of each clamping plate.

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