CN212296693U

CN212296693U - Tidal current through-flow type double-rotating-wheel combined water turbine

Info

Publication number: CN212296693U
Application number: CN202021865263.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑春龙; 姚学诗; 黄晨华; 陈锦儒; 李锐伟
Original assignee: Shaoguan University
Current assignee: Shaoguan University
Priority date: 2020-08-31
Filing date: 2020-08-31
Publication date: 2021-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-31

Abstract

The utility model relates to a trend through-flow double rotary wheel combination hydraulic turbine, including main shaft, leading runner, rearmounted runner and pipeline water guide unit. Every runner all includes interior, outer loop and connects the blade between interior outer loop, and all can dismantle, and the blade is oblique arc shape, twist form, and leading blade equipartition sets up in the plane that uses the main shaft as the center, and rearmounted blade is followed the main shaft direction and is set up from preceding backward interval, arranges into the round, and the diameter of leading runner is less than the diameter of rearmounted runner. The pipeline water guide device adopts a variable cross-section shape and is divided into a water inlet part and a runner part, so that the water fluidity is improved. When water impacts the blades of the front rotating wheel along the water inlet part, the rotating wheel generates a rotating moment by the component force of the oblique arc-shaped blades in the circumferential direction, the rear rotating wheel is driven by water power, and the force is applied to the main shaft for the second time, so that the torque of the main shaft is increased. The energy conversion of the first impact on the double rotors accounts for about 60% of the total energy, and the energy conversion of the second impact accounts for about 40% of the total energy. The dynamic stability and efficiency of the water turbine can be improved by adopting a double-rotating wheel combined structure.

Description

Tidal current through-flow type double-rotating-wheel combined water turbine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hydroelectric generation device especially relates to a trend through-flow double rotary wheel combination hydraulic turbine.

Background

The low water head resource of China is nearly 2 hundred million kilowatts (containing tidal energy), and the development degree is only about 10 percent. The conventional tidal current water turbine has the common defects that the energy conversion efficiency is low, and the power generation scale can be formed only by large-scale arrangement.

For example, the first 3.4 megawatt large-scale ocean tidal current energy generator set in the world is formally started to generate electricity in the Daishan sea area of Zhoushan in 2016, which is independently developed and produced by China, and the energy conversion efficiency of the largest tidal current energy generator set in the world is only about 25%; the mechanical system of northeast China university in the United states develops a low-head water turbine-Golloff turbine, the energy conversion efficiency of the turbine is only 35%, and the energy conversion efficiency of a similar Darieu turbine is 23%; the energy conversion efficiency of a conventional turbine is 20%.

The traditional low-micro water head turbine blade generally adopts an asymmetric twisted through-flow type blade, while the ocean current energy power generation turbine mostly refers to a fan blade, the application conditions and the operation range of the blade and the fan blade are different, the impeller structure is complex, the manufacturing cost is higher, and the operation efficiency is lower. The set conditions of the units have strict requirements on hydrological conditions such as water depth, water flowing speed and the like, and still have larger improvement space in the aspects of structure, efficiency and the like.

Simultaneously, its blade of runner that traditional hydraulic turbine used all uses same cross-section to arrange as the benchmark, and in the course of the work, rivers strike all blades of runner simultaneously, and is great to the impact force of runner, and the pressure that the runner bearing received is great, can lead to the cycle shortening of hydraulic turbine safe operation, increases the cost of maintaining. Meanwhile, the runner blades are positioned in the same plane, the gaps among the blades are relatively small, water flow is difficult to pass through, resistance of the blades to the water flow can cause the water turbine to operate unstably, operation noise is large, noise pollution is easy to generate, and influences are caused on peripheral organisms.

Generally, the tubular turbine can adapt to the working conditions of low water head and large-flow power generation, and the commercial product efficiency is about 0.75-0.85. In order to make the tubular turbine suitable for the working condition of tidal current power generation, for example, "a tidal current power generation device" disclosed in chinese patent application 201710091303.2, a direction-finding turbine set is arranged outside the rotating shaft between the main turbine and the sealing cover to improve the power generation efficiency of the tidal current power generation device, however, in the actual operation of the patent, when water flows through, the water flows through the blades of the two rotating wheels continuously, so that a large impact force is formed on the rotating wheels and the turbine as a whole, and the problems of unstable operation of the turbine, shortened safe use time of the turbine and the like can occur, so that the improvement of energy conversion efficiency is not obvious, the power generation efficiency is unstable, and the maintenance cost of the turbine is also increased. The tidal current energy power generation device disclosed in the Chinese patent application 201520468281.3 has a plurality of structures for reducing water flow resistance, can be assembled and replaced modularly on the water surface, reduces the maintenance and installation cost, but is used for tidal current power generation, has low efficiency and has great influence on underwater organisms.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to overcome the shortcoming and not enough among the prior art, provide a trend through-flow double rotary wheel combination hydraulic turbine of stable, low noise of operation.

A water tide flow through-flow type double-runner combined water turbine comprises a front runner, a rear runner, a pipeline water guide unit, a top cover, a bottom ring and a main shaft, wherein the main shaft is arranged between the top cover and the bottom ring and is connected with the front runner; the front rotating wheel comprises a front inner ring piece, a front outer ring piece and a plurality of front blades, the front blades are arranged between the front inner ring piece and the front outer ring piece, the front blades are uniformly distributed on a plane taking the main shaft as the center, the number of the front blades is 4-16, and the front blades are in an oblique arc shape and a twisted shape; the rear rotating wheel is arranged at the rear end of the main shaft, a plurality of rear blades are arranged on the rear rotating wheel, the rear blades are arranged at intervals along the direction of the main shaft, and are arranged around the main shaft for a circle from left to right; the diameter of the rear rotating wheel is larger than that of the front rotating wheel; the pipeline water guide unit is tubular and is arranged outside the front rotating wheel and the rear rotating wheel by taking the main shaft as a shaft sleeve.

The tide through-flow type double-runner combined water turbine has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly and disassembly and stable operation, so that water flow can pass through more easily, the pressure pulsation change of the water flow is smoother, the vibration and the noise are small, and meanwhile, the pressure of the main shaft is reduced, so that the service life of the whole water turbine is prolonged; just tide through-flow double rotary wheel combination hydraulic turbine have the advantage of environmental protection, to fish and the influence that has substantive under water biology, be applicable to river natural flow and ocean tide electricity generation.

Further, the torsional inclination angle alpha of the front blade and the rear blade around the cross section of the main shaft is as follows: 10-45 degrees, and arc radian beta of the upper end and the lower end: 15-90 degrees, and the concave radian gamma of the blade is as follows: 10 to 60 degrees.

Further, leading blade with rearmounted blade is bending fan-shaped, and the outer fringe chord length of blade is 3 ~ 8 times of blade root chord length, leading blade with rearmounted blade's blade width parameter is: 0.05-0.4 m at the root and 0.4-3 m at the top. The whole root of the blade is small, the outer edge is large, and therefore large blade torque can be generated when the impeller rotates, and the unit output is improved.

Furthermore, the front rotating wheel and the rear rotating wheel adopt a detachable structure; the root part of the front blade is connected with the front inner ring piece through a screw, and the top part of the front blade is connected with the front outer ring piece through a screw; the rear rotating wheel further comprises a rear inner ring piece and a rear outer ring piece, the root of the rear blade is connected with the rear inner ring piece through a screw, and the top of the rear blade is connected with the rear outer ring piece through a screw. The double-runner blade is convenient to mount and dismount.

Furthermore, the rear blades are arranged along the main shaft from front to back at an interval of 0.01-0.4 m, and the contact ratio of the two adjacent rear blades in the cross section of the main shaft is 0-20%.

The underwater positioning device further comprises an underwater positioning unit, a speed increaser and a generator, wherein the front rotating wheel and the rear rotating wheel are fixed on the main shaft, the main shaft is fixed on the underwater positioning unit through a bearing, and the speed increaser and the generator are connected at the rear end of the main shaft.

Furthermore, the pipeline water guide unit is of a variable cross-section shape, the diameter of the cross section of the pipeline water guide unit is 2-20 m, and the pipeline water guide unit is divided into a water inlet part and a rotating wheel part. The water guide unit improves the fluidity of water.

For a better understanding and an implementation, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a tidal current through-flow type double-runner combined water turbine;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an external structure of a tidal current through-flow type double-runner combined turbine;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a front rotary wheel and a rear rotary wheel;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the leading blade and trailing blade arrangement;

FIG. 5 is a schematic oblique view of the arrangement of the front blade and the rear blade;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the rear blade structure.

In the figure:

a main shaft 10; a top cover 11; a rear rotary wheel 20; a rear inner ring member 21; a rear blade 22; a rear outer ring member 23; a front runner 30; a front inner ring 31; a leading blade 32; a forward outer ring member 33; a pipe water guide unit 40; a water inlet portion 41; a rotor section 42; a power generation unit 50; a coupling 51; a speed increaser 52; a generator 53; an underwater positioning unit 60.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

The utility model provides a trend through-flow double rotary wheel combination hydraulic turbine, its major structure includes the main shaft and the leading runner and the rearmounted runner that set up on the main shaft. The blades on the front rotating wheel are uniformly distributed in a plane taking the main shaft as the center, and the blades on the rear rotating wheel are arranged at intervals from front to back along the direction of the main shaft and are arranged for one circle; the blades are all in oblique arc shapes and twisted shapes, and the front rotating wheel and the rear rotating wheel are sequentially impacted from the axial direction of the double rotating wheels when water flows. When water impacts the blades of the axial-flow type front-mounted runner along the water inlet part, the rotating moment is generated by the component force of the oblique arc-shaped blades in the circumferential direction, the axial-flow type rear-mounted runner is driven by the hydraulic power, namely, the force is applied to the main shaft for the second time, and the torque of the main shaft is increased. The double rotating wheels can enable water flow to impact the water turbine twice. The blade setting mode on the rearmounted runner makes the blade last atress in proper order, can alleviate the impact force that leading runner received, and the impact load that the birotor received reduces to make the pressure of birotor bearing reduce, can increase the live time of bearing, prolonged the period of hydraulic turbine safe operation. Meanwhile, the blades on the rear rotating wheel are spirally and asynchronously arranged and are relatively enlarged, so that water flow can more easily pass through, the running stability is improved, and the noise is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1-3, fig. 1 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a tidal current through-flow dual-runner combined turbine; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an external structure of a tidal current through-flow type double-runner combined turbine; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the front and rear rotating wheels. The tide through-flow double-runner combined water turbine comprises a main shaft 10, a rear runner 20, a front runner 30, a pipeline water guide unit 40, a power generation unit 50 and an underwater positioning unit 60. The rear rotating wheel 20 is fixed at one end of the main shaft 10; the front rotating wheel 30 is arranged at the other end of the main shaft 10; the pipeline water guide unit 40 is sleeved outside the rear turning wheel 20 and the front turning wheel 30 and continues to extend for a certain distance along the direction of the front turning wheel 30; the power generation unit 50 is connected to one end of the main shaft 10 close to the rear rotating wheel 20; one end of the underwater positioning unit 60 is connected to the main shaft 10 or the power generation unit 50, and the other end is fixed underwater, so as to provide underwater support for the tidal current through-flow type double-runner combined water turbine.

The main shaft 10 is rod-shaped, a top cover 11 is arranged at one end of the main shaft 10 facing water flow impact, and a bottom ring (not shown) is arranged at the other end of the main shaft 10. The top cover 11 is matched with the bottom ring and the main shaft 10, and plays a limiting role in the rear rotating wheel 20 and the front rotating wheel 30.

The rear runner 20 includes a rear inner ring member 21, a plurality of rear blades 22, and a rear outer ring member 23. The rear inner ring member 21 is sleeved and fixed on the main shaft 10 and is located at one end of the bottom ring. The front runner 30 includes a front inner ring 31, a plurality of front vanes 32, and a front outer ring 33. The front inner ring 31 is sleeved and fixed on the main shaft 10 and is arranged at one end of the top cover 11. The diameter of the front rotor 30 is smaller than the diameter of the rear rotor 20.

Please refer to fig. 4 and 5 for the arrangement of the rear blades 22 and the front blades 32, fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the arrangement of the front blades and the rear blades; FIG. 5 is a schematic oblique view of the arrangement of the front blade and the rear blade. The bottom ends of the plurality of rear blades 22 are fixed on the outer side surface of the rear inner ring member 21, and a certain distance is formed between the adjacent rear blades 22 along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the adjacent rear blades 22 are arranged in a step shape and surround the rear inner ring member 21 for a circle. The rear outer ring member 23 is ring-shaped and is fixed around the top ends of the plurality of rear blades 22. The bottom ends of the front vanes 32 are fixed on the outer side surface of the front inner ring member 31 and are uniformly arranged around the front inner ring member 31 to form a circle; the front outer ring member 33 is annular and is sleeved and fixed at the top ends of the plurality of front blades 32.

Please refer to fig. 6 for the structures of the rear blade 22 and the front blade 32, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear blade, and the structure of the front blade 32 is the same as the rear blade. The whole blade is in an oblique arc shape and a twisted shape, and the number of the blades is 4-16; the twist inclination angle alpha of the rear blade 22 around the cross section of the main shaft is 10-45 degrees, the arc radian beta of the top end of the blade is 15-90 degrees, and the radian gamma of the concave surface of the blade is 10-60 degrees; the rear blades 22 are in a curved fan shape, and the chord length of the top ends of the rear blades is 3-8 times of the chord length of the bottom ends of the rear blades; the blade width parameters of the rear blade 22 are: the root part is 0.05-0.4 m, the top part is 0.4-3 m, the whole root part is small, and the outer edge is large; the blade arrangement interval is 0.01-0.4 m, and the contact ratio in the cross section of the main shaft is 0-20%.

Further, the rear inner ring member 21 is provided with screw holes, the top ends and the bottom ends of the plurality of rear blades 22 are provided with screw holes 22a, and the rear outer ring member 23 is provided with screw holes; the bottom of the rear blade 22 and the rear inner ring piece 21 are fixed through screw holes by screws; the top of the rear blade 22 and the rear outer ring member 23 are fixed by screws through screw holes. The front inner ring piece 31 and the front outer ring piece 33 are also provided with screw holes, and the bottom of the front blade 32 and the front inner ring piece 31 are fixed by screws through the screw holes; the top of the front vane 32 and the front outer ring 33 are fixed by screws through screw holes.

The pipeline water guide unit 40 is divided into a water inlet part 41 and a rotating wheel part 42, one end of the water inlet part 41 is open, the other end of the water inlet part is arranged outside the front outer ring part 33, the caliber of the open end of the water inlet part 41 is larger than that of the front end, and the whole pipeline water guide unit is horn-shaped; one end of the rotating wheel part 42 is arranged on the outer side of the front outer ring part 33, the water inlet part 41 and one end of the front outer ring part 33 are arranged on the outer side, and the other end of the rotating wheel part 42 is arranged on the outer side of the rear outer ring part 23.

The power generation unit 50 includes two couplers 51, two speed increasers 52 and two generators 53, the speed increaser 52 is connected with the main shaft 10 at the outer side of the bottom ring through one coupler 51, and the generator 53 is connected at the outer side of the speed increaser through the other coupler 51.

The number of the underwater positioning units 60 is specifically 3 in this embodiment, one end of one of the underwater positioning units is arranged on the main shaft 10 between the rear rotating wheel 20 and the front rotating wheel 30 through a bearing, and the other end of the one underwater positioning unit is fixed under water; and the other two ends are respectively fixed on the two couplers 51, and the other ends are fixed underwater to integrally provide underwater support for the tide cross-flow type double-rotor combined water turbine.

When the tide through-flow double-runner combined water turbine works, water flows into the opening of the water inlet part 41, and in the inflow process of the water flows, the cross section area of the water inlet part 41 is gradually reduced, so that the water flow speed is increased; after the accelerated water flow impacts the front vane 32, a component force is given to the circumferential direction of the oblique arc-shaped front vane 32, so that a rotating moment is generated, the front vane 32 drives the whole front runner 30 to rotate, and the rotation of the front runner 30 further drives the main shaft 10 to rotate simultaneously; rivers pass through behind the leading runner 30, get into the runner portion 42, because the cross-sectional area of runner portion 42 is gradually increased along with the advancing direction of rivers, and the velocity of flow that leads to rivers is slow slightly, because there is certain interval around the setting position of rearmounted blade 22 each other, makes rivers contact with in proper order a plurality of rearmounted blades 22, it is right in proper order rearmounted blade 22 strikes, a plurality of rearmounted blades 22 can last atress in proper order, thereby alleviateed the impact force that leading runner 30 received makes leading runner 30 with the impact load that rearmounted runner 20 received reduces, and makes the pressure that main shaft 10 received reduces, the component force that rearmounted blade 22 circumferencial direction obtained makes it produce rotatory moment again, drives rearmounted runner 20 rotates, and is further right main shaft 10 exerts and makes its rotatory power. The rotation of the main shaft 10 is converted into electric energy by the generator 53 after being conducted by the coupling 51 and accelerated by the accelerator 52, thereby realizing power generation.

The utility model, through a unique blade arrangement mode, makes water flow more easily pass through when impacting the rear runner 20, and further enhances the running stability of the tide through-flow double-runner combined water turbine while reducing noise; when the axial impact of water flow is received, the plurality of rear blades 22 of the rear runner 20 are sequentially impacted and continuously stressed, meanwhile, the impact load received by the front runner 30 and the main shaft 10 is reduced, the service life of a bearing can be prolonged, and the safe operation period of the tide through-flow double-runner combined water turbine is prolonged. The front runner 30 and the rear runner 20 can receive water flow impact to generate a rotating torque, so that the rotating torque of the main shaft 10 is increased, and the efficiency of the tide cross-flow double-runner combined water turbine is effectively improved. The shape of the pipeline water guide unit 40 can effectively adjust the flow rate of water flowing through the pipeline water guide unit, the water inlet part 41 accelerates the flow rate of water, enhances the impact force on the front runner 30, improves the energy conversion rate, and meanwhile, the runner part 42 enables the hydraulic pulsation between the front runner 30 and the rear runner 20 to change smoothly, thereby enhancing the running stability of the tide flow through-flow type double-runner combined water turbine.

In this embodiment, when water impacts the front vane 32 along the water inlet portion 41, the component force in the circumferential direction of the inclined arc vane generates a rotational moment on the runner, and the rear runner 20 is hydraulically driven, i.e., the main shaft 10 is forced for the second time, so that the torque of the main shaft 10 is increased. The energy conversion of the first impact on the double rotating wheels accounts for about 60% of the total energy, the energy conversion of the second impact accounts for about 40% of the total energy, and the efficiency of the water turbine is effectively improved. The impact load borne by the double rotating wheels is reduced, the pressure of the double rotating wheel bearing is reduced, the service life of the bearing can be prolonged, and the safe operation period of the water turbine is prolonged

And the rear blades 22 are arranged in a spiral asynchronous mode, the manufactured blades are not arranged on a plane, the blades are relatively enlarged, the impact force on the front runner 30 can be relieved by sequentially and continuously stressing the rear blades 22, water flow can pass through the rear runner more easily, and the operation stability of the water turbine can be improved. The integral root of the front blade 32 and the rear blade 22 is small, and the outer edge of the front blade and the outer edge of the rear blade are large, so that large blade torque can be generated when the runner rotates, and the output of a machine set is improved. The water flow impact of the double-runner blades is smooth relative to the rotating single-runner blades, and the pressure pulsation change of the double-runner driven by water is smooth, and the vibration and the noise are low.

The double rotating wheels in the embodiment adopt a detachable structure, the root of the front blade 32 is connected with the front inner ring piece 31 through a screw, and the top of the front blade 32 is connected with the front outer ring piece 33 through a screw; the root of the rear blade 22 is connected with the rear inner ring piece 21 through a screw, and the top of the rear blade 22 is connected with the rear outer ring piece 23 through a screw. The double-runner blade is convenient to mount and dismount.

The utility model has the advantages of environmental protection, no substantive influence on fish and underwater organisms, and is more suitable for river natural flow and ocean tide power generation.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these are all within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a trend through-flow double rotary wheel combination hydraulic turbine, includes leading runner, rearmounted runner and pipeline water guide unit, its characterized in that: the main shaft is arranged between the top cover and the bottom ring and is connected with the front rotating wheel; the front rotating wheel comprises a front inner ring piece, a front outer ring piece and a plurality of front blades, the front blades are arranged between the front inner ring piece and the front outer ring piece, the front blades are uniformly distributed on a plane taking the main shaft as the center, the number of the front blades is 4-16, and the front blades are in an oblique arc shape and a twisted shape; the rear rotating wheel is arranged at the rear end of the main shaft, a plurality of rear blades are arranged on the rear rotating wheel, the rear blades are arranged at intervals along the direction of the main shaft, and are arranged around the main shaft for a circle from left to right; the diameter of the rear rotating wheel is larger than that of the front rotating wheel; the pipeline water guide unit is tubular and is arranged outside the front rotating wheel and the rear rotating wheel by taking the main shaft as a shaft sleeve.

2. The tidal flow through-flow double-runner combined turbine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the torsional inclination angle alpha of the front blade and the rear blade around the cross section of the main shaft is as follows: 10-45 degrees, and arc radian beta of the upper end and the lower end: 15-90 degrees, and the concave radian gamma of the blade is as follows: 10 to 60 degrees.

3. The tidal flow through-flow double-runner combined turbine as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the front blade and the rear blade are in a curved fan shape, the chord length of the outer edge of each blade is 3-8 times of the chord length of the root of each blade, and the width parameters of the front blade and the rear blade are as follows: 0.05-0.4 m at the root and 0.4-3 m at the top.

4. The tidal flow through-flow double-runner combined turbine as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the front rotating wheel and the rear rotating wheel are of detachable structures; the root part of the front blade is connected with the front inner ring piece through a screw, and the top part of the front blade is connected with the front outer ring piece through a screw; the rear rotating wheel further comprises a rear inner ring piece and a rear outer ring piece, the root of the rear blade is connected with the rear inner ring piece through a screw, and the top of the rear blade is connected with the rear outer ring piece through a screw.

5. The tidal flow through-flow double-runner combined turbine as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the rear blades are arranged along the main shaft from front to back at an interval of 0.01-0.4 m, and the contact ratio of two adjacent rear blades in the cross section of the main shaft is 0-20%.

6. The tidal flow through-flow double-runner combined turbine as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the underwater positioning device is characterized by further comprising an underwater positioning unit, a speed increaser and a generator, wherein the front rotating wheel and the rear rotating wheel are fixed on the main shaft, the main shaft is fixed on the underwater positioning unit through a bearing, and the rear end of the main shaft is connected with the speed increaser and the generator.

7. The tidal flow through-flow double-runner combined turbine as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the pipeline water guide unit is of a variable cross-section shape, the diameter of the cross section of the pipeline water guide unit is 2-20 m, and the pipeline water guide unit is divided into a water inlet part and a rotating wheel part.