CN212286701U

CN212286701U - Workbench exchange mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN212286701U
Application number: CN202020237016.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜辉; 许普生; 程华中; 姜豪杰
Original assignee: Shanghai Daqiao Yuyuan Precision Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Daqiao Yuyuan Precision Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-02
Filing date: 2020-03-02
Publication date: 2021-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-02

Abstract

The utility model provides a workstation exchange mechanism, relates to the machining center field, includes: the external workbench is arranged above the exchange platform, is arranged on the supporting mechanism on the exchange platform and can be separated from the supporting mechanism up and down; the machine-in worktable above the base of the machine tool is fixed and separated up and down through a locking mechanism below the machine-in worktable; the exchange arm can lift and rotate at least 180 degrees in the horizontal plane under the action of the lifting and rotating mechanism; two ends of the exchange arm are provided with U-shaped bayonets which can extend into the lower part of the external workbench and the internal workbench and support the external workbench and the internal workbench; the supporting mechanism and the lifting rotating mechanism are fixed above the same mounting plate, the mounting plate is slidably mounted on the linear slide rail, and the external workbench is linked with the mounting plate to be close to or far away from the internal workbench. The application provides a workstation exchange mechanism, simple structure, exchange efficiency is high.

Description

Workbench exchange mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machining center field, concretely relates to workstation exchange mechanism.

Background

In the existing machining center, a part of machine types are equipped with a workbench exchange device, and the following modes are generally adopted:

1. shuttle (reciprocating):

the exchange platform is provided with two groups of parallel rails and two sets of driving devices, the working platform to be exchanged moves horizontally on the rails, one set of driving mechanism firstly drags the working platform in the exchange platform out along the rails, then the other set of driving mechanism pushes the working platform out of the exchange platform along the other set of rails, and the working platform exchange is completed after the working platform is pushed in and out. The two working tables are respectively operated instead of being simultaneously operated;

2. rotating the double fork:

this is the most common one at present, faster and more stable than the reciprocating exchange, where the exchange has a double-fork (double U) rotating carriage, where one U-fork is located within the table stroke range. When exchange is needed, the working tables reach the designated positions in the U-shaped forks, the lifting mechanism in the exchange table drives the brackets to lift the two working tables simultaneously, the rotating mechanism drives the brackets to rotate 180 degrees to change the positions of the working tables, and then the brackets fall down to complete the exchange;

3. rotary hook type:

the exchange mode is that the exchange platform is provided with a double-end hook plate, the side surfaces of the two working platforms are provided with grooves, and when the exchange is needed, the hook plate picks up the working platforms from the side edges of the two working platforms. The workbench exchange is completed under the driving of the lifting device and the rotating device in the exchange platform.

However, the above-mentioned table exchange devices all have the following disadvantages:

1. the reciprocating type (also called shuttle type) has the disadvantages of complex structure, high failure rate and high manufacturing cost, and the switching speed is slow because two working tables act one by one instead of simultaneously during switching;

2. the rotating double fork type can only be used for a machine type with a workbench moving in a single axial direction. For the machine type with the moving direction of the workbench being two axial directions (cross guide rails), the exchange mode can not be used due to the interference problem;

3. the rotary hook-and-pick type cross guide rail vertical and horizontal machining center or cradle type five-axis machining center can be subjected to workbench exchange, but due to structural defects, if the workbench and a workpiece are large and heavy, the mode is very dangerous, so that the rotary hook-and-pick type cross guide rail vertical and horizontal machining center or cradle type five-axis machining center can only be used on machines with small workbenches generally.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a workbench exchanging mechanism, which has a simple structure and high exchanging efficiency, and is applicable to a workbench which moves in multiple directions and has a large size and a large weight.

In order to realize the technical effect, the utility model discloses a concrete technical scheme as follows:

a workbench exchange mechanism comprising:

one or more off-board tables arranged side by side above the exchange table, the off-board tables being mounted to and vertically separable from the support mechanism on the exchange table;

the number of the internal work tables which can move horizontally above the base of the machine tool corresponds to the number of the external work tables, and the internal work tables are fixed and separated up and down through a locking mechanism below the internal work tables;

the lifting and rotating mechanism between the outer workbench and the inner workbench is connected with an exchange arm, and the exchange arm can lift and rotate for at least 180 degrees in a horizontal plane under the action of the lifting and rotating mechanism; two ends of the exchange arm are provided with U-shaped bayonets which can extend into the lower part of the external workbench and the internal workbench and support the external workbench and the internal workbench;

the supporting mechanism and the lifting rotating mechanism are fixed above the same mounting plate, the mounting plate is slidably mounted on the linear slide rail through a slide block fixed below the mounting plate, and the external workbench is linked with the mounting plate to be close to or far away from the internal workbench;

before the exchange of the external workbench and the internal workbench, the U-shaped bayonet at one end of the exchange arm close to the external workbench is fixedly connected with the external workbench or is positioned right below the external workbench.

Furthermore, the supporting mechanism comprises supporting tables fixed on the mounting plate, and the supporting tables are provided with the locking mechanisms, the number of the locking mechanisms corresponds to the number of the outer workbenches.

Furthermore, the locking mechanism comprises a taper sleeve and a tapered pin, the taper sleeve is fixed on the bottom surface of the workbench inside and outside the machine, and the tapered pin is a device which is matched with the taper sleeve and plays a role in locking and loosening the taper sleeve.

Furthermore, the locking mechanism comprises a fixed pin and a hydraulic locking device, the fixed pin is fixed on the bottom surface of the workbench inside and outside the machine, and the hydraulic locking device is a device which is matched with the fixed pin and plays a role in locking and loosening the fixed pin.

Furthermore, the exchange arm around the U-shaped bayonet is provided with a protrusion, and the bottom surfaces of the working tables inside and outside the machine are provided with grooves matched with the protrusion. Through the arrangement of the protrusions and the matched grooves, when the exchange arm rotates to exchange the working tables inside and outside the machine, the working tables inside and outside the machine are prevented from moving laterally.

Further, the exchange table and the machine tool base are of an integrated structure or a split structure.

The working process of the workbench exchange mechanism comprises the following steps:

after the workpiece on the internal workbench is machined, the internal workbench on the machine tool base does not interfere with the exchange arm in the whole workpiece machining process, after all the internal workbenches on the standby machine tool base stay at proper positions, the exchange arm horizontally approaches the internal workbench together with the mounting plate under the action of a driving motor or a driving oil cylinder until a U-shaped bayonet on one end of the exchange arm away from the external workbench is positioned under the internal workbench, the exchange arm is lifted upwards under the action of a lifting and rotating mechanism, grooves on the bottom surfaces of the internal workbench and the external workbench are matched with protrusions around the U-shaped bayonet, the U-shaped bayonet on the exchange arm is movably fixed with the external workbench and the internal workbench, then the taper pin loosens the taper sleeve, the exchange arm drives the internal workbench and the external workbench to continuously rise to a height, and the taper sleeve is completely separated from the taper pin, then the exchange arm rotates 180 degrees, the positions of the inner workbench and the outer workbench are exchanged, the inner workbench where the processed workpiece is located is moved out of the machine, the outer workbench where the blank is located is moved into the machine, then the exchange arm begins to descend to enable the original taper sleeve on the bottom surface of the inner workbench and the outer workbench to fall on the taper pin, then the original taper sleeve on the bottom surface of the outer workbench and the inner workbench is inserted into the taper pin, after the taper pin locks the taper sleeve, the exchange arm continues to descend to the original height to enable the groove on the bottom surface of the original inner workbench and the outer workbench to be completely separated from the protrusion on the exchange arm, then the exchange arm and the mounting plate move to the original position along the direction away from the inner workbench under the action of a driving motor or a driving oil cylinder and the like, and the whole process of changing the workbench is completed.

According to the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can realize the automatic change of built-in workstation, machine external work platform, through the utility model discloses accomplish the automatic change of built-in workstation, machine external work platform, alright directly continue to carry out work piece processing, go round and go round, improved machining efficiency greatly, and the utility model discloses a workstation exchange mechanism is applicable to the exchange of the big, the big workstation of weight of size of multidirectional removal.

Drawings

The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exchange arm before the exchange arm is fixedly connected with a worktable in a machine;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the exchange arm and the inner working platform of the embodiment when the exchange arm is fixedly connected;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an exchange arm supporting an internal worktable and an external worktable in the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a locking mechanism according to one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment before the exchange arm is fixedly connected to the inner worktable;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment when the exchange arm is fixedly connected with the inner worktable;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the exchange arm supporting the internal and external tables according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a lock mechanism according to a second embodiment;

wherein, 1, an exchange platform; 2. an off-machine workbench; 3. a machine tool base; 4. a machine-in workbench; 5. a slide base; 6. a saddle; 7. a lifting and rotating mechanism; 8. an exchange arm; 9. a U-shaped bayonet; 10. a protrusion; 11. mounting a plate; 12. a slider; 13. a linear slide rail; 14. a support table; 15. a taper sleeve; 151. pulling nails; 16. a tapered pin; 17. a locking mechanism.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present embodiments more clear, the technical solutions in the present embodiments will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, a table exchange mechanism includes:

and a single off-board table 2 above the exchange board 1, the off-board table 2 being attached to and vertically separable from a support mechanism on the exchange board 1.

The machine-in workbench 4 can move horizontally above the machine tool base 3, and the machine-in workbench 4 is fixed and separated up and down through a locking mechanism 17 below the machine-in workbench 4; wherein built-in workstation 4 specifically realizes the horizontal migration and the horizontal migration of which orientation through what structure above machine bed base 3, be equipped with this part content of which structure between built-in workstation 4 and the machine bed base 3, at first this part content with the utility model discloses the technical problem that solves is irrelevant, whether its content is disclosed does not influence the concrete implementation of technical scheme, secondly this part content adopts prior art, common technique to ordinary technical personnel in this industry, for example built-in workstation 4, locking mechanical system 17 fixed mounting is on slide 5, slide 5 is installed on saddle 6 and is realized moving through the guide rail on saddle 6, motor and lead screw, saddle 6 is installed on machine bed base 3 and is realized moving through guide rail, motor and the lead screw on machine bed base 3.

A lifting and rotating mechanism 7 between the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4, wherein the lifting and rotating mechanism 7 is a product in the prior art, the rotating shaft of which can realize lifting and rotating, an exchange arm 8 is fixed on the lifting and rotating mechanism 7, and the exchange arm 8 can lift and rotate at least 180 degrees in the horizontal plane under the action of the lifting and rotating mechanism 7; the two ends of the exchange arm 8 are provided with U-shaped bayonets 9 which can extend into the lower parts of the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4 and lift the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4, the exchange arm 8 around the U-shaped bayonets 9 is provided with protrusions 10, and the bottom surfaces of the internal workbench (4) and the external workbench (2) are provided with grooves (not shown) matched with the protrusions 10.

The supporting mechanism and the lifting and rotating mechanism 7 are fixed above the same mounting plate 11, the mounting plate 11 is slidably mounted on a linear slide rail 13 through a sliding block 12 fixed below the mounting plate, the external workbench 2 and the mounting plate 11 are linked to move close to or away from the internal workbench 4, and the mounting plate 11 is driven by a motor on the exchange platform 1 to slide along the linear slide rail 13.

Before the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4 are exchanged, the U-shaped bayonet 9 at one end of the exchange arm 8 close to the external workbench 2 is fixedly connected with the external workbench 2.

Wherein, the supporting mechanism is a supporting platform 14 fixed on the mounting plate 11, and a locking mechanism 17 is arranged on the supporting platform 14, referring to fig. 4, the locking mechanism 17 includes: the conical sleeves 15 are mounted on the bottom surfaces of the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4, the pull nails 151 are arranged in the centers of the conical sleeves 15, the conical pins 16 are matched with the conical sleeves 15 and used for fixing and loosening the conical sleeves 15, and pull claws (not shown) are arranged in central holes of the conical pins 16 and used for tensioning the pull nails 151. When the taper sleeve unlocking device works, the taper sleeves 15 at the bottom ends of the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4 fall on the taper pins 16, meanwhile, the pull nails 151 in the middles of the taper sleeves 15 are inserted into the central holes of the taper pins 16, the pull nails 151 are pulled downwards by pull claws in the central holes, so that the taper sleeves 15 are tightly combined with the taper pins 16, the taper pins 16 are unlocked by hydraulic pressure when the taper sleeves 15 are loosened, the taper sleeves 15 and the taper pins 16 are products in the prior art, and the more specific structures of the taper sleeves 15 and the taper pins 16 are not detailed here. The locking mechanism 17 can also be implemented with other prior art products that perform the same function, such as: the fixing pin is fixed on the bottom surfaces of the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4, in order to complete the replacement of the internal workbench 4 and the external workbench 2, the hydraulic locking device is a device which is matched with the fixing pin and plays a role in locking and releasing the fixing pin, the hydraulic locking device is provided with a jack matched with the fixing pin, wherein the hydraulic locking device is a product in the prior art, for example, a zero point locator of Germany AMF brand and NO.6370EARHA is adopted.

Example two

As shown in fig. 5, 6, and 7, a table exchange mechanism includes:

two outboard tables 2 are arranged side by side above the exchange board 1, and the outboard tables 2 are attached to and vertically separable from a support mechanism on the exchange board 1.

The machine-in workbench 4 can move horizontally above the machine tool base 3, and the machine-in workbench 4 is fixed and separated up and down through a locking mechanism 17 below the machine-in workbench 4; wherein, each internal working table 4 and the equipped locking mechanism are fixedly arranged on the sliding seat 5, the sliding seat 5 is arranged on the saddle 6 and realizes the movement through the guide rail, the motor and the screw rod on the saddle 6, and the saddle 6 is arranged on the machine tool base 3 and realizes the movement through the guide rail, the motor and the screw rod on the machine tool base 3.

Wherein, the supporting mechanism is a supporting platform 14 fixed on the mounting plate 11, and a locking mechanism 17 is arranged on the supporting platform 14, referring to fig. 8, the locking mechanism 17 includes: the conical sleeves 15 are mounted on the bottom surfaces of the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4, the pull nails 151 are arranged in the centers of the conical sleeves 15, the conical pins 16 are matched with the conical sleeves 15 and used for fixing and loosening the conical sleeves 15, and pull claws (not shown) are arranged in central holes of the conical pins 16 and used for tensioning the pull nails 151. When the taper sleeve unlocking device works, the taper sleeves 15 at the bottom ends of the external workbench 2 and the internal workbench 4 fall on the taper pins 16, meanwhile, the pull nails 151 in the middles of the taper sleeves 15 are inserted into the central holes of the taper pins 16, the pull nails 151 are pulled downwards by pull claws in the central holes, so that the taper sleeves 15 are tightly combined with the taper pins 16, the taper pins 16 are unlocked by hydraulic pressure when the taper sleeves 15 are loosened, the taper sleeves 15 and the taper pins 16 are products in the prior art, and the more specific structures of the taper sleeves 15 and the taper pins 16 are not detailed here.

The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment lies in that the number of the external work table 2 and the internal work table 4 is increased, and the number of the U-shaped bayonets on the exchange arm 8 is correspondingly increased, and the specific working process is as follows:

as shown in fig. 5 and 6, after the workpiece on the internal worktable 4 is processed, wherein the internal worktable 4 on the machine tool base 3 does not interfere with the exchange arm 8 in the whole workpiece processing process, after all the internal worktables 4 on the standby machine tool base 3 stay at proper positions, the exchange arm 8 horizontally approaches the internal worktable 4 together with the mounting plate 11 under the action of the driving motor until the U-shaped bayonet 9 at the end of the exchange arm 8 far away from the external worktable 2 is positioned right below the internal worktable 4, then the exchange arm 8 is lifted up under the action of the lifting and rotating mechanism 7, the grooves at the bottom surfaces of the internal worktable 4 and the external worktable 2 are matched with the protrusions 10 around the U-shaped bayonet 9, the U-shaped bayonet 9 on the exchange arm 8 is movably fixed with the external worktable 2 and the internal worktable 4, then the taper pin 16 releases the taper sleeve 15, as shown in fig. 7, the exchange arm 8 drives the inner workbench 4 and the outer workbench 2 to continuously rise to a height, the taper sleeve 15 is completely separated from the taper pin 16, then the exchange arm 8 rotates 180 degrees, the positions of the inner workbench 4 and the outer workbench 2 are exchanged, the inner workbench where the processed workpiece is located is moved out of the machine, the outer workbench where the blank is located is moved into the machine, then the exchange arm 8 starts to descend to enable the taper sleeve on the bottom surface of the original inner workbench and the original outer workbench to fall on the taper pin, then the taper sleeve on the bottom surface of the original outer workbench and the original inner workbench is inserted into the taper pin, after the taper pin locks the taper sleeve, the exchange arm 8 continuously descends to the original height to enable the groove on the bottom surface of the original inner workbench and the original outer workbench to be completely separated from the protrusion on the exchange arm, and therefore the whole process of changing the workbenches is completed.

It is right to have used specific individual example above the utility model discloses expound, only be used for helping to understand the utility model discloses, not be used for the restriction the utility model discloses. To the technical field of the utility model technical personnel, the foundation the utility model discloses an idea can also be made a plurality of simple deductions, warp or replacement.

Claims

1. A workbench exchange mechanism, comprising:

2. The workbench exchange mechanism of claim 1, wherein said support means comprises support tables fixed to the mounting plate, said support tables being provided with said locking means in a number corresponding to the number of the platforms outside the machine.

3. The workbench exchange mechanism of claim 1, wherein said locking mechanism comprises a taper sleeve fixed on the bottom surface of the workbench inside and outside the machine, and a taper pin adapted to the taper sleeve for locking and unlocking the taper sleeve.

4. The workbench exchange mechanism of claim 1, wherein said locking mechanism comprises a fixed pin fixed to the bottom of the workbench inside or outside the workbench, and a hydraulic locking device adapted to the fixed pin for locking and unlocking the fixed pin.

5. The table exchange mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the exchange arm around the U-shaped bayonet is provided with a protrusion, and the bottom surface of the table inside and outside the machine is provided with a groove matching the protrusion.

6. The table exchange mechanism of claim 1, wherein the exchange is integral or separable with the machine base.