CN212281579U - Pelvis fracture front ring fixing screw and internal fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a pelvis fracture front ring fixing screw, relating to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments. The pelvis fracture front ring fixing screw comprises a screw seat cylinder, a screw and a limiting mechanism; the screw is arranged in the screw seat cylinder, and the front end of the screw extends out of the front port of the screw seat cylinder; the limiting mechanism is arranged in a barrel cavity of the nail seat barrel, when the limiting mechanism is in a first state, the head of the screw is limited in the nail seat barrel, and when the limiting mechanism is in a second state, the screw can be integrally separated from the nail seat barrel. The utility model discloses a ring set screw before pelvis fracture through setting up stop gear, has realized the combination and the split of a nail seat section of thick bamboo with the screw, has made things convenient for under the prerequisite of keeping the screw, takes out connective bar and a nail seat section of thick bamboo. On this basis, the utility model also provides an internal fixation device.

Description

Pelvis fracture front ring fixing screw and internal fixing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an orthopedics medical instrument technical field particularly, relates to a pelvis fracture front ring set screw and internal fixation device.

Background

Aiming at the fragile old Pelvic Anterior Ring injury, currently, a Minimally Invasive percutaneous Anterior Pelvic Internal fixation (Minimally Invasive Anterior Pelvic Internal Ring Internal fixation) is generally adopted clinically. The most widely used and effective instrument in this procedure is called an internal fixation frame (INFIX).

The internal fixing frame is designed primarily to stabilize the anterior pelvic ring, so that injury of the anterior pelvic ring, including pubic symphysis and pubic ramus fracture, is the best indication. Because the internal fixation frame is located abdomen pelvis the place ahead, subjective uncomfortable sense can appear in the patient of size emaciation, especially to sitting up the position, and the postoperative usually appears subjective uncomfortable sense and influences daily life, but should discomfortable sense disappear promptly after taking out the internal fixation frame. Therefore, after the fracture heals, the internal fixation frame should be removed by a secondary operation.

However, in the early stage after the anterior pelvic ring injury recovery surgery, the degree of pelvic recovery is not sufficient, and the screw itself is not easily removed. How to take out the rest part of the pedicle screw on the premise of keeping the screw or the screw rod becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the clinical medical field.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a pelvis fracture front ring set screw, it helps solving above-mentioned technical problem.

The utility model discloses a realize like this:

a pelvis fracture front ring fixing screw comprises a screw seat cylinder, a screw and a limiting mechanism; the screw is arranged in the nail seat barrel, and the front end of the screw extends out of the front port of the nail seat barrel; the limiting mechanism is arranged in a barrel cavity of the nail seat barrel, when the limiting mechanism is in a first state, the head of the screw is limited in the nail seat barrel, and when the limiting mechanism is in a second state, the screw can be integrally separated from the nail seat barrel.

In the operation of the pelvis fracture front ring fixing screw, firstly, the limiting mechanism is positioned at the position in the first state, and the screw is screwed and fixed at the part to be repaired of the pelvis. And then the nail seat cylinders are connected and fixed through the connecting rod. When the pelvis fixing effect is obvious and subjective discomfort gradually appears in the early rehabilitation period after the operation, the connecting rod and the nail seat cylinders are sequentially detached again through a minimally invasive method, and the screws are reserved. When the nail seat barrel is detached, the limiting mechanism is moved to the position in the second state, and the nail seat barrel can be smoothly taken out from the rear end of the screw.

Further, the limiting mechanism comprises a U-shaped clamping ring and a pin; the nail seat barrel is provided with a guide groove, and the extension direction of the guide groove is vertical to the axis of the nail seat barrel; the U-shaped clamping ring is positioned in the guide groove, and when the limiting mechanism is in a first state, the U-shaped clamping ring is clamped outside the screw; when the limiting mechanism is in a second state, the U-shaped clamping ring is separated from the screw; the pin is arranged on the pin seat barrel and used for limiting the U-shaped clamping ring to be separated from the screw. The technical effects are as follows: the open end of the U-shaped clamping ring is used for clamping a screw, the distance between two clamping arms of the U-shaped clamping ring is larger than the diameter of a screw rod on the screw and smaller than the radial size of a head of the screw, in the first state, the screw is inserted into the nail seat barrel, the screw rod can extend out of the U-shaped clamping ring, and the head of the screw is limited by the U-shaped clamping ring and cannot extend out. In the second state, the U-shaped collar no longer constrains the head of the screw, so that the entire screw can be removed from the cartridge, i.e. the cartridge can be detached from the screw. In addition, the pin is capable of positioning the U-shaped collar in the first state.

Furthermore, a limiting bump is arranged at the opening end of the U-shaped clamping ring, and the extending direction of the limiting bump is perpendicular to the extending direction of the guide groove; the limiting convex block is used for limiting the U-shaped clamping ring to be separated from the nail seat barrel. The technical effects are as follows: as the U-shaped clamping ring is arranged around the pelvis of a human body in the whole operation process, the U-shaped clamping ring and the nail seat barrel are movably connected, the U-shaped clamping ring can be prevented from falling into the human body in the operation, and potential safety hazards are avoided.

Further, the pin is a bolt; the length direction of the bolt is parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel, and a pin hole matched with the bolt is formed in the U-shaped clamping ring. The technical effects are as follows: because the U-shaped rand moves along the guide groove, and the extension direction of the guide groove is vertical to the axis of the nail seat barrel, the pin with the length direction parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel is also vertical to the moving direction of the U-shaped rand, and after the pin is inserted into the pin hole, the U-shaped rand can be limited at the position of the clamping screw.

Further, the pin is a spring bolt and can be inserted into the pin hole under the action of self elasticity. The technical effects are as follows: in the whole pelvis fracture anterior ring fixing screw structure, the size of the pin is very small. After the pin is designed into the spring bolt, the pin is not separated from the nail seat barrel regardless of the locking effect, so that the pin is not easy to fall into human muscle, operation accidents can not be caused, and potential safety hazards can not be brought. In addition, the spring bolt is very simple and convenient to operate in the locking and unlocking processes.

Further, the pin is in threaded connection with the nail seat barrel; the length direction of the pin is parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel, and the tail end of the pin can contact the U-shaped clamping ring. The technical effects are as follows: at this time, the fixing of the U-shaped collar is realized by tightly pressing the U-shaped collar by the end of the pin. The structure that the pin is in threaded connection with the nail seat barrel also enables the pin not to be easily separated from the nail seat barrel, the operation safety is improved, and the locking can be completed only by screwing the pin to enable the pin to be abutted and tightly pressing the U-shaped clamping ring.

Further, the pin is in threaded connection with the nail seat barrel; the length direction of the pin is parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel, a screw hole is formed in the U-shaped clamping ring, and the screw hole is in threaded connection with the pin. The technical effects are as follows: similar to the structure, the pin is connected with the screw seat barrel through threads, so that the operation safety is improved, and at the moment, the locking effect of the pin on the U-shaped clamping ring is more reliable due to the screw holes which are arranged on the U-shaped clamping ring in a matched mode.

Furthermore, an accommodating cavity is arranged in the screw, and a through hole is formed in the side wall of the screw. The technical effects are as follows: the containing cavity is used for placing bone cement, and the through hole is used for injecting the bone cement into the containing cavity. While the pelvis fracture of the elderly patient population is often accompanied by osteoporosis, so the degree of pulverization is often more serious. The bone cement is put into the screw, so that the mechanical strength of the screw can be greatly improved, and the postoperative rehabilitation of the fracture is facilitated.

An internal fixation device comprises a connecting rod and at least two fixing screws for the front ring of the pelvic fracture, wherein the nail seat cylinders are fixedly connected through the connecting rod.

Furthermore, a compression nut and a gasket are further arranged on the nail seat barrel; the inner wall of the nail seat barrel is provided with an internal thread, the compression nut is in threaded connection with the nail seat barrel through the internal thread, and the compression nut, the connecting rod, the gasket and the screw are sequentially arranged on the nail seat barrel. The technical effects are as follows: the compression nut is used for compressing and fixing the connecting rod in the nail seat barrel, and the gasket is located between the head of the connecting rod and the head of the screw, so that the effects of reducing friction and buffering collision are achieved, and abrasion of a screwing groove in the head of the connecting rod or the head of the screw is prevented. In addition, the screw is designed as a ball head screw, the inner cavity of the corresponding nail seat barrel is also designed as a spherical cavity, and the screw forms a universal screw and can be placed into the pelvis in a larger angle range.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses a ring set screw and internal fixation device before pelvis fracture through setting up stop gear, has realized the combination and the split of a nail seat section of thick bamboo with the screw, has made things convenient for under the prerequisite of keeping the screw, takes out connective bar and a nail seat section of thick bamboo.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fixing screw for an anterior ring of pelvic fracture according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a joint between a screw seat cylinder and a U-shaped collar in a fixing screw for a front ring of pelvic fracture according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the joint between the screw seat cylinder and the U-shaped collar in the anterior ring fixing screw for pelvic fracture according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the joint between the screw seat cylinder and the U-shaped collar in the anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fracture according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a joint between a screw seat cylinder and a U-shaped collar in a fixing screw for an anterior ring for pelvic fracture according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an internal fixation device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the internal fixation device in a human body according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention (before the nail holder cylinder and the connecting rod are detached);

fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the installation of the internal fixation device in a human body according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention (after the nail seat cylinder and the connecting rod are detached).

Icon: 100-nail seat cylinder; 110-a guide groove; 200-screws; 210-a via; a 300-U-shaped collar; 310-limit bump; 400-pins; 500-a connecting rod; 600-a gasket; 700-pelvis.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention are combined below to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

The first embodiment:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fixing screw for an anterior ring of pelvic fracture according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fixing screw for an anterior ring of pelvic fracture, which includes a nail seat cylinder 100, a screw 200 and a limiting mechanism.

Wherein, the screw 200 is arranged in the nail seat cylinder 100, and the front end of the screw 200 extends out of the front port of the nail seat cylinder 100; the limiting mechanism is arranged in the barrel cavity of the nail seat barrel 100, when the limiting mechanism is in a first state, the head of the screw 200 is limited in the nail seat barrel 100, so that the screw 200 cannot be separated from the nail seat barrel 100; when the limiting mechanism is in the second state, the screw 200 can integrally penetrate out of the front port of the nail seat cylinder 100 and is separated from the nail seat cylinder 100.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the spacing mechanism includes a U-shaped collar 300 and a pin 400. The nail seat barrel 100 is provided with a guide groove 110, and the extension direction of the guide groove 110 is vertical to the axis of the nail seat barrel 100; the U-shaped clamp ring 300 is positioned in the guide groove 110, and when the limiting mechanism is in the first state, the U-shaped clamp ring 300 is clamped outside the screw 200; when the limiting mechanism is in the second state, the U-shaped clamp ring 300 is separated from the screw 200; a pin 400 is provided on the cartridge barrel 100 for limiting disengagement of the U-shaped collar 300 from the screw 200.

In the structure, the limiting mechanism can be further arranged into a U-shaped spring clamp, a buckle fixing clamp or even a screw rod which is directly used for replacing.

It should be emphasized that the outer layer of the screw 200 should be coated with a hydroxyapatite coating, which has good biocompatibility and bone conduction performance, and also has very low absorption rate and degradation rate, and it is observed that the screw 200 coated with the hydroxyapatite material shows good biomechanical, histological and histomorphological effects in clinical surgery, and its superior fixation performance and good long-term stability also greatly reduce the nail tract infection rate.

The procedure for using the anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fracture in this example was as follows:

the limiting mechanism is first positioned in the first position and the screw 200 is tightened and fixed to the area of the pelvis 700 to be repaired. The plurality of cartridge cartridges 100 are then secured in place by the connecting rod 500. When the fixing effect of the pelvis 700 is obvious and subjective discomfort gradually appears in the early rehabilitation period after the operation, the connecting rod 500 and the nail seat cylinders 100 are sequentially detached again through a minimally invasive method, and the screws 200 are reserved. When the nail seat cylinder 100 is disassembled, the limiting mechanism is moved to the position in the second state, and the nail seat cylinder 100 can be smoothly taken out from the rear end of the screw 200.

Second embodiment:

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a joint between the nail holder barrel 100 and the U-shaped collar 300 of the anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fracture according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a fixing screw for anterior pelvic fracture, which is substantially the same as the fixing screw for anterior pelvic fracture of the first embodiment, and the difference between the fixing screw for anterior pelvic fracture of the present embodiment is that a limiting protrusion 310 is disposed at an open end of a U-shaped collar 300, and an extending direction of the limiting protrusion 310 is perpendicular to an extending direction of the guide slot 110; the stop tab 310 serves to limit the U-shaped collar 300 from disengaging from the cartridge 100. The direction of the arrow in fig. 2 is the direction in which the U-shaped collar 300 is inserted into the guide groove 110.

Wherein, the limit protrusion 310 of one of the clamping arms of the U-shaped clamp ring 300 should extend away from the other clamping arm to avoid interference with the screw 200 during the movement.

The third embodiment:

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a joint between the nail holder barrel 100 and the U-shaped collar 300 of the anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fracture according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the embodiment provides a fixing screw for anterior pelvic fracture, which is substantially the same as the fixing screw for anterior pelvic fracture of the first or second embodiment, and the difference between them is that the pin 400 in the fixing screw for anterior pelvic fracture is a pin; the length direction of the bolt is parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel 100, and the U-shaped clamping ring 300 is provided with a pin hole matched with the bolt.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the pin 400 is a spring pin that can be inserted into the pin hole by its own elastic force. Wherein the spring latch accumulates elastic potential energy when being pulled up and separated from the U-shaped clamp ring 300, and can be reinserted into the pin hole of the U-shaped clamp ring 300 under the action of elastic force after being loosened. The direction of the arrow in fig. 3 is the direction of movement of the deadbolt in use.

The fourth embodiment:

fig. 4 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a connection portion between the nail holder barrel 100 and the U-shaped collar 300 in the anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fracture according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the embodiment provides a fixing screw for anterior ring of pelvic fracture, which is substantially the same as any one of the fixing screws for anterior ring of pelvic fracture in the first to third embodiments, and the difference between them is that the pin 400 of the fixing screw for anterior ring of pelvic fracture is screwed with the screw holder barrel 100; the length of the pin 400 is parallel to the axis of the cartridge 100 and the tip of the pin 400 can contact the U-shaped collar 300. The U-shaped collar 300 is secured in the desired position by the threaded relationship of the pin 400.

Fifth embodiment:

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a joint between the nail holder barrel 100 and the U-shaped collar 300 of the anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fracture according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the embodiment provides a fixing screw for anterior ring of pelvic fracture, which is substantially the same as any one of the fixing screws for anterior ring of pelvic fracture in the first to third embodiments, and the difference between them is that the pin 400 of the fixing screw for anterior ring of pelvic fracture is screwed with the screw holder barrel 100; the length direction of the pin 400 is parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel 100, and the U-shaped clamping ring 300 is provided with a screw hole which is in threaded connection with the pin 400.

It should be noted that, in the above five embodiments, after the screw 200 is fixed, the top end of the pin 400 should be located below the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove of the cartridge 100, so as to avoid affecting the installation stability of the connecting rod 500.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, on the basis of any of the above embodiments, an accommodating cavity is provided in the screw 200, and a through hole 210 is provided in a side wall of the screw 200. Wherein the receiving cavity is used for placing bone cement, and the through hole 210 is used for injecting the bone cement into the receiving cavity. While fracture of the pelvis 700 of the elderly patient is often accompanied by osteoporosis, so the degree of pulverization is often severe. The bone cement is arranged in the screw 200, so that the mechanical strength of the screw 200 can be greatly improved, and the postoperative rehabilitation of the fracture is facilitated.

Sixth embodiment:

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an internal fixation device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 is a schematic installation view of the internal fixation device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention in a human body (before the nail holder barrel 100 and the connecting rod 500 are detached); fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the installation of the internal fixation device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention in a human body (after the nail holder cartridge 100 and the connecting rod 500 are detached). Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, the present embodiment provides an internal fixation device, which includes a connection rod 500 and at least two fixing screws for anterior ring of pelvic fracture in any of the above embodiments, wherein the nail seat cylinders 100 are fixedly connected by the connection rod 500.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the nail holder barrel 100 is further provided with a compression nut and a gasket 600; the inner wall of the nail seat barrel 100 is provided with internal threads, the compression nut is in threaded connection with the nail seat barrel 100 through the internal threads, and the compression nut, the connecting rod 500, the gasket 600 and the screw 200 are sequentially arranged on the nail seat barrel 100.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The pelvis fracture front ring fixing screw is characterized by comprising a screw seat cylinder (100), a screw (200) and a limiting mechanism; the screw (200) is arranged in the nail seat barrel (100), and the front end of the screw (200) extends out of the front port of the nail seat barrel (100); the limiting mechanism is arranged in a barrel cavity of the nail seat barrel (100), when the limiting mechanism is in a first state, the head of the screw (200) is limited in the nail seat barrel (100), and when the limiting mechanism is in a second state, the screw (200) can be integrally separated from the nail seat barrel (100).

2. The anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that the limiting mechanism comprises a U-shaped collar (300) and a pin (400);

the nail seat barrel (100) is provided with a guide groove (110), and the extending direction of the guide groove (110) is vertical to the axis of the nail seat barrel (100); the U-shaped clamping ring (300) is positioned in the guide groove (110), and when the limiting mechanism is in a first state, the U-shaped clamping ring (300) is clamped outside the screw (200); when the limiting mechanism is in a second state, the U-shaped clamp ring (300) is separated from the screw (200);

the pin (400) is arranged on the nail seat barrel (100) and used for limiting the U-shaped clamp ring (300) to be separated from the screw (200).

3. The anterior pelvic fracture ring fixation screw according to claim 2, wherein the open end of the U-shaped collar (300) is provided with a limit bump (310), the limit bump (310) extends in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the guide groove (110); the limiting lug (310) is used for limiting the U-shaped clamp ring (300) to be separated from the nail seat barrel (100).

4. The anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that the pin (400) is a plug; the length direction of the bolt is parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel (100), and a pin hole matched with the bolt is formed in the U-shaped clamping ring (300).

5. The anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fractures according to claim 4, characterized in that the pin (400) is a spring pin that can be inserted into the pin hole under its own elastic force.

6. The anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that the pin (400) is screwed with the cartridge barrel (100); the length direction of the pin (400) is parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel (100), and the tail end of the pin (400) can contact the U-shaped collar (300).

7. The anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that the pin (400) is screwed with the cartridge barrel (100); the length direction of the pin (400) is parallel to the axis of the nail seat barrel (100), a screw hole is formed in the U-shaped clamp ring (300), and the screw hole is in threaded connection with the pin (400).

8. The anterior ring fixation screw for pelvic fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that a housing cavity is provided in the screw (200), and the lateral wall of the screw (200) is provided with a through hole (210).

9. An internal fixation device, characterized in that it comprises a connecting rod (500) and at least two anterior pelvic fracture ring fixation screws according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the nail seat cylinders (100) are fixedly connected with each other through the connecting rod (500).

10. An internal fixation device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the cartridge (100) is further provided with a compression nut and a washer (600); the inner wall of the nail seat barrel (100) is provided with an internal thread, the compression nut is in threaded connection with the nail seat barrel (100) through the internal thread, and the compression nut, the connecting rod (500), the gasket (600) and the screw (200) are sequentially arranged on the nail seat barrel (100).

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