CN212260031U - System for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge - Google Patents
System for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN212260031U CN212260031U CN202022056357.5U CN202022056357U CN212260031U CN 212260031 U CN212260031 U CN 212260031U CN 202022056357 U CN202022056357 U CN 202022056357U CN 212260031 U CN212260031 U CN 212260031U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of town domestic sludge resource utilization and soil fertilizer, more specifically relates to a system for town domestic sludge prepares organic nutrient soil. The system comprises: the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit, a decomposition and energy recovery unit, an organic nutrient soil extraction unit, an organic nutrient soil shaping unit and a central monitoring and regulating unit for controlling the operation of all units. The utility model discloses a processing procedure of mud can go on through automation equipment, and central monitoring regulation and control unit passes through the operating parameter of human-computer interface monitoring and each unit of regulation and control, and the operation personnel does not have direct contact with mud, and the operating condition is convenient to be checked and is adjusted. The problems that in a traditional mode, the automation level is low, the industrial operation degree is not high, the influence of the management level and the operation level of operators is large, effective management and control on the quality of a processed product are difficult to form, the quality characteristic fluctuation is large and the like are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of town domestic sludge resource utilization and soil fertilizer, more specifically relates to a system for town domestic sludge prepares organic nutrient soil.
Background
Along with the upgrading of sewage treatment requirements, the sludge amount increases day by day, the urban domestic sludge contains a large amount of organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrient components, and if the urban domestic sludge is treated and reaches a certain standard and then is utilized in land, fertilizer effect components can be obtained to be used as fertilizers, so that the resource attributes of the sludge are exerted, and the method is also an important form for realizing the nutrient recycling. At present, sludge treatment products for land utilization at home and abroad are mainly produced by two process modes of anaerobic digestion and aerobic fermentation. However, in the traditional anaerobic digestion, because of the influence of poor biological availability of organic matters in sludge, the degradation rate is relatively low, the decomposition degree is difficult to ensure to stably reach the standard, the effect of directly carrying out land utilization on the treated product is not ideal, and meanwhile, the mode has the defects of limited energy recovery, low energy benefit, low system integration level and difficult satisfactory operation stability in the production process due to low gas production rate; the aerobic fermentation process has the disadvantages that a large amount of ventilation and oxygen supply are needed, ammonia volatilization, odor and other gas byproducts are seriously dissipated, the environment friendliness is poor, the decomposing process is greatly influenced by factors such as carbon-nitrogen ratio, temperature and time, the decomposing time cannot be effectively quantized, the comprehensive operation cost is increased due to the use and manual input of a large amount of auxiliary materials in the decomposing process, and meanwhile, the fermentation process needs a large floor area. The two processes have low automation level and low industrial operation degree in the traditional mode, are greatly influenced by the management level and the operation level of operators, are difficult to effectively control the quality of a treated product, and have large quality characteristic fluctuation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to solve above-mentioned problem, provide a system of town domestic sludge preparation organic nutrition soil, through the highly integrated and whole systematic full automatization operation of technical unit, form to the production process and concentrate effective management and control, guarantee that the result quality characteristic is stable. The method solves the problems of large quantity of urban domestic sludge, difficult disposal, unfriendly environment, short production field, unstable rotting and curing and sterilizing effects, low energy recovery rate and the like in an industrial production mode, and realizes safe and stable treatment and land resource utilization of the urban domestic sludge.
In order to realize the above purpose, the utility model provides a system for town domestic sludge preparation organic nutrition soil, this system includes:
the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit, a decomposition and energy recovery unit, an organic nutrient soil extraction unit, an organic nutrient soil shaping unit and a central monitoring and regulating unit for controlling the operation of each unit;
the pretreatment unit comprises a deslagging and desanding device, a centrifugal concentration device and a pre-dewatering device:
the deslagging and desanding device is used for removing most of impurities in primary sludge of a municipal domestic sewage treatment plant;
the centrifugal concentration device is used for centrifugally dewatering the residual activated sludge in the urban sewage treatment plant;
the pre-dehydration device is used for pre-dehydrating a mixture of materials obtained by the deslagging and desanding device and the centrifugal concentration device to obtain sludge after pre-dehydration;
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit comprises a conditioning container, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and a buffer container:
the conditioning container is used for receiving first flash steam and second flash steam which are respectively supplied by the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and the buffer container so as to preheat and slurry the sludge after pre-dehydration;
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel is used for carrying out thermal hydrolysis on the material received from the conditioning vessel and generating first flash steam supplied to the conditioning vessel;
the buffer container is used for receiving the material subjected to thermal hydrolysis in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and providing second flash steam for the conditioning container;
the top parts of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and the cache container are respectively provided with a first pressure relief valve and a second pressure relief valve which are used for controlling the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and the cache container;
the first pressure relief valve and the second pressure relief valve are respectively connected with the middle lower part of the conditioning container through closed pipelines;
the decay curing and energy recovery unit comprises an anaerobic reaction container and a methane storage container:
the anaerobic reaction container is used for carrying out anaerobic digestion on the sludge raw material from the buffer container;
the methane storage container is used for storing methane obtained by the anaerobic reaction container;
the organic nutrient soil extraction unit comprises extrusion dehydration equipment for carrying out extrusion dehydration on a product obtained by anaerobic decomposition to obtain a piece of organic nutrient soil and a dehydration solution;
the organic nutrient soil shaping unit comprises a crushing device, and is used for crushing blocky organic nutrient soil to obtain granular organic nutrient soil.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the system has high automation degree: the sludge treatment process can be carried out through automatic equipment, the central monitoring and regulating unit monitors and regulates and controls the operation parameters of each unit through a human-computer interface, operators do not directly contact with the sludge, and the operation condition is convenient to check and adjust. The problems that in a traditional mode, the automation level is low, the industrial operation degree is not high, the influence of the management level and the operation level of operators is large, effective management and control on the quality of a processed product are difficult to form, the quality characteristic fluctuation is large and the like are solved.
2. A regulation and control strategy based on optimal system performance: the system can synthesize the operation condition of each unit through centralized control of each technical operation unit, formulate the comprehensive operation parameter system of the whole system, optimize performance matching and parameter connection among different operation units, and cope with seasonal fluctuation of the properties of the imported raw materials of the system, thereby achieving the optimal system operation effect and enabling the quality of the final product to reach the standard stably for a long time.
3. The organic nutrient soil product obtained by adopting the system has high maturity: the degradation rate of organic matters in the treated sludge can reach 45-60%, the maturity (seed germination index) can reach more than 70%, and the sludge can well meet the sludge treatment stability standard CJ/T510-2017 of municipal wastewater treatment plants.
4. The organic nutrient soil product obtained by adopting the system has high hygienization degree: the sludge passes through a high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit, and is subjected to sufficient hydrolysis reaction and flash explosion, the killing rate of pathogenic microorganisms is 99.99%, and a main treatment system is completely closed without the possibility of contacting with external pathogenic bacteria.
5. The organic nutrient soil product obtained by adopting the system has high organic matter and nutrient contents: the organic matter of the product is stable and more than or equal to 35 percent, and the total nutrient is (N + P)2O5+K2O)≥5％。
6. The quality of the organic nutrient soil product obtained by adopting the system can well meet the following standards: the method comprises the following steps of (A) agricultural sludge pollutant control standard (GB 4284 + 2018), (B) sludge for treating sludge in a town sewage treatment plant and landscaping (GB/T23486 + 2009), (B) sludge for treating sludge in a town sewage treatment plant and improving land (GB/T24600 + 2009), (CJ/T362 + 2011) and (Q/BDG 45045 + 2017).
7. The system has low comprehensive operation cost: the energy recovered in the form of methane can completely meet the heat and electric energy requirements of the whole system, external energy input is not needed in the whole production process, the operation cost is greatly reduced, and energy net output can be realized under most conditions; compared with untreated raw sludge (with the water content of 80 percent), the organic nutrient soil produced by the system can reduce the transportation cost by about 60 to 70 percent; the organic nutrient soil can be effectively recycled by land utilization, and considerable benefits can be obtained by product sale.
8. The production process of the system is environment-friendly: the odor in the production environment is completely collected and treated, and the working environment acceptance is high; the filtrate generated in the dehydration process is subjected to high-efficiency denitrification treatment, and has no secondary pollution.
9. The system solves the problems that the traditional anaerobic digestion is influenced by poor biological availability of organic matters in the sludge, the degradation rate is relatively low, the decomposition degree is difficult to ensure to reach the standard stably, the land utilization effect of products obtained by treatment is not ideal, and meanwhile, the mode has limited energy recovery due to low gas production rate, the energy benefit is not high, the system integration level is low, and the operation stability in the production process is difficult to reach the satisfactory degree.
10. The system solves the problems that the traditional aerobic fermentation process has serious ammonia volatilization, odor and other gaseous byproducts dissipation and poor environment friendliness due to the requirement of a large amount of ventilation and oxygen supply, the decomposition process is greatly influenced by factors such as carbon-nitrogen ratio, temperature, time and the like, the decomposition time cannot be effectively quantized, the use and manual input of a large amount of auxiliary materials in the decomposition process lead to the improvement of comprehensive operation cost, and the fermentation process needs large floor area.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge, which is an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-deslagging and desanding device, 2-centrifugal concentration device, 3-pre-dehydration device, 4-conditioning container, 5-high temperature and high pressure reaction container, 6-buffer container, 7-anaerobic reaction container, 8-biogas storage container, 9-extrusion dehydration equipment, 10-crushing device, 11-steam boiler, 12-power generation equipment, 13-denitrification reaction facility, 14-central monitoring and controlling unit, 91-dehydration solution, 92-blocky organic nutrient soil, 93-granular organic nutrient soil, 101-primary sludge of urban sewage treatment plant, 111-high temperature steam, 121-electric energy, 201-residual activated sludge of urban sewage treatment plant, 131-sewage treatment system, 1211-system self-use and 1212-electric power external supply.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides a system for town domestic sludge prepares organic nutrient soil, this system includes:
the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit, a decomposition and energy recovery unit, an organic nutrient soil extraction unit, an organic nutrient soil shaping unit and a central monitoring and regulating unit for controlling the operation of each unit;
the pretreatment unit comprises a deslagging and desanding device, a centrifugal concentration device and a pre-dewatering device:
the deslagging and desanding device is used for removing most of impurities in primary sludge of a municipal domestic sewage treatment plant;
the centrifugal concentration device is used for centrifugally dewatering the residual activated sludge in the urban sewage treatment plant;
the pre-dehydration device is used for pre-dehydrating a mixture of materials obtained by the deslagging and desanding device and the centrifugal concentration device to obtain sludge after pre-dehydration;
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit comprises a conditioning container, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and a buffer container:
the conditioning container is used for receiving first flash steam and second flash steam which are respectively supplied by the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and the buffer container so as to preheat and slurry the sludge after pre-dehydration;
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel is used for carrying out thermal hydrolysis on the material received from the conditioning vessel and generating first flash steam supplied to the conditioning vessel;
the buffer container is used for receiving the material subjected to thermal hydrolysis in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and providing second flash steam for the conditioning container;
the top parts of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and the cache container are respectively provided with a first pressure relief valve and a second pressure relief valve which are used for controlling the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container and the cache container;
the first pressure relief valve and the second pressure relief valve are respectively connected with the middle lower part of the conditioning container through closed pipelines;
the decay curing and energy recovery unit comprises an anaerobic reaction container and a methane storage container:
the anaerobic reaction container is used for carrying out anaerobic digestion on the sludge raw material from the buffer container;
the methane storage container is used for storing methane obtained by the anaerobic reaction container;
the organic nutrient soil extraction unit comprises extrusion dehydration equipment for carrying out extrusion dehydration on a product obtained by anaerobic decomposition to obtain blocky organic nutrient soil and a dehydration solution;
the organic nutrient soil shaping unit comprises a crushing device and is used for crushing blocky organic nutrient soil to obtain granular organic nutrient soil.
According to the utility model, the urban domestic sludge is specially used for sludge generated in the urban domestic sewage treatment process.
According to the utility model discloses, the conventional setting of central authorities' monitoring regulation and control unit through its human-computer interface, PLC the control unit etc. is controlled corresponding equipment (unit) for conventional technical means. Specifically, sensors are arranged on corresponding equipment (units), the PLC control unit is in communication connection and/or electric connection with the sensors to control the corresponding equipment (units), and the units are used for monitoring and/or early warning and/or adjusting operation parameters in a centralized manner through a human-computer interface.
In this application, as preferred scheme, the timing clearance control is regularly cleared up the slagging-off degritting to central authorities' monitoring regulation and control unit through man-machine interface, controls centrifugal rotational speed.
In the present application, the conditioning vessel is preferably provided with a liquid level sensor and a temperature sensor.
In the present application, the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel is preferably provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a liquid level sensor.
In the present application, the buffer container is preferably provided with a liquid level sensor, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor.
In the present application, preferably, the anaerobic reaction vessel is provided with a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor, and a pH sensor.
In the present application, as a preferred scheme, the biogas storage container is provided with a height sensor (liquid level sensor) to feed back the amount of gas in the biogas storage cabinet.
In the application, as a preferable scheme, the human-computer interface can control the material conveying of the organic nutrient soil extraction unit.
In the present application, the press dewatering device is preferably provided with a pressure sensor.
Preferably, the staleness and energy recovery unit further comprises:
the steam boiler is connected with the methane storage container through a closed pipeline; the biogas in the biogas storage container provides energy for a steam boiler, high-temperature saturated steam obtained by the steam boiler is used as a heat source for heating materials in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container, and the steam boiler is connected with the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container through a closed pipeline.
Preferably, the staleness and energy recovery unit further comprises:
and the power generation equipment generates electric energy by utilizing the methane in the methane storage container, and the electric energy is used for self-use of the system and/or external supply of electric power.
Preferably, the organic nutrient soil extraction unit further comprises a denitrification reaction device for performing denitrification treatment on the dehydrated solution, and the treated dehydrated solution optionally enters a sewage treatment system for further treatment.
Preferably, the denitrification reaction apparatus for denitrifying a dehydrated solution comprises: and converting ammonia nitrogen in the dehydration solution into nitrogen based on an anaerobic ammonia oxidation process.
As the preferred scheme, the deslagging and desanding device and the centrifugal concentration device are respectively connected with the pre-dewatering device through pipelines.
As a preferred scheme, the pre-dehydration device, the conditioning container, the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container, the buffer container, the anaerobic reaction container and the biogas storage container are sequentially connected through a closed pipeline.
Preferably, the anaerobic reaction container and the extrusion dehydration equipment are connected through a closed pipeline.
Preferably, the extrusion dewatering equipment and the crushing device are connected with the screw conveying device.
According to the utility model, the deslagging and desanding device can adopt a grid slag remover and a cyclone desander; the centrifugal concentration device can specifically adopt a centrifugal machine; the pre-dehydration device can specifically adopt a centrifuge; the conditioning container can adopt a vertical cylindrical slurrying tank; the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel can adopt a vertical cylindrical high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle; the buffer container can adopt a vertical cylindrical flash buffer tank; the anaerobic reaction vessel can adopt a cylindrical anaerobic reaction tank with mechanical stirring; the biogas storage container can adopt a double-membrane spherical biogas cabinet; the extrusion dehydration equipment can specifically adopt a high-pressure plate-and-frame filter press; the crushing device can specifically adopt a hammer crusher; the denitrification facility can specifically adopt a one-section anaerobic ammoxidation reaction tank.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a system for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge, which is an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the system includes:
the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit, a decomposition and energy recovery unit, an organic nutrient soil extraction unit, an organic nutrient soil shaping unit and a central monitoring and regulating unit for controlling the operation of each unit;
the pretreatment unit comprises a deslagging and desanding device 1, a centrifugal concentration device 2 and a pre-dewatering device 3:
the deslagging and desanding device 1 is used for removing most of impurities in primary sludge 101 of a municipal domestic sewage treatment plant;
the centrifugal concentration device 2 is used for centrifugally dewatering the residual activated sludge 201 of the town sewage treatment plant;
the pre-dehydration device 3 is used for pre-dehydrating the mixture of the materials obtained by the deslagging and desanding device 1 and the centrifugal concentration device 2 to obtain sludge after pre-dehydration;
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit comprises a conditioning container 4, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5 and a buffer container 6:
the conditioning container 4 is used for receiving the first flash steam and the second flash steam which are respectively supplied by the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5 and the buffer container 6 so as to preheat and slurry the sludge after pre-dehydration;
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel 5 is used for carrying out thermal hydrolysis on the material received from the conditioning vessel 4 and generating first flash steam supplied to the conditioning vessel 4;
the buffer container 6 is used for receiving the material subjected to thermal hydrolysis in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5 and providing second flash steam for the conditioning container 4;
the top parts of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5 and the buffer container 6 are respectively provided with a first pressure relief valve and a second pressure relief valve which are used for controlling the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5 and the buffer container 6;
the first pressure relief valve and the second pressure relief valve are respectively connected with the middle lower part of the conditioning container 4 through closed pipelines;
the decay-ripening and energy-recovery unit comprises an anaerobic reaction container 7 and a methane storage container 8:
the anaerobic reaction container 7 is used for carrying out anaerobic decomposition on the sludge raw material from the buffer container 6;
the methane storage container 8 is used for storing the methane obtained by the anaerobic reaction container 7;
the organic nutrient soil extraction unit comprises an extrusion dehydration device 9, and is used for carrying out extrusion dehydration on a product obtained by anaerobic decomposition to obtain a piece of organic nutrient soil 92 and a dehydration solution 91;
the organic nutrient soil shaping unit comprises a crushing device 10, and is used for crushing blocky organic nutrient soil to obtain granular organic nutrient soil.
The urban domestic sludge is specially used for sludge generated in the urban domestic sewage treatment process.
The central monitoring and control unit 14 controls the corresponding equipment (unit) through the conventional settings of a human-computer interface, a PLC control unit and the like of the central monitoring and control unit as a conventional technical means. Specifically, sensors are arranged on corresponding equipment (units), the PLC control unit is in communication connection and/or electric connection with the sensors to control the corresponding equipment (units), and the units are used for monitoring and/or early warning and/or adjusting operation parameters in a centralized manner through a human-computer interface. The central monitoring and control unit 14 controls the deslagging and desanding to be cleaned regularly and controls the centrifugal rotating speed through a human-computer interface. The conditioning container 4 is provided with a liquid level sensor and a temperature sensor. The high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel 5 is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor. The buffer container 6 is provided with a liquid level sensor, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The anaerobic reaction container 7 is provided with a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor and a pH sensor. The methane storage container 8 is provided with a height sensor to feed back the amount of gas in the methane storage cabinet. The human-computer interface can control the material conveying of the organic nutrient soil extraction unit. The press dewatering device 9 is provided with a pressure sensor.
Wherein, the rotting and ripening and energy recuperation unit still includes: the steam boiler 11 is connected with the methane storage container 8 through a closed pipeline; the biogas in the biogas storage container 8 provides energy for the steam boiler 11, the high-temperature saturated steam 111 obtained by the steam boiler 11 is used as a heat source for heating the materials in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5, and the steam boiler 11 is connected with the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5 through a closed pipeline.
Wherein, the rotting and ripening and energy recuperation unit still includes: the power generation device 12, the power generation device 12 utilizes the biogas in the biogas storage container 8 to generate electric energy 121, and the electric energy 121 is used for system self-use 1211 and/or electric power external supply 1212.
Wherein, the organic nutrient soil extraction unit also comprises a denitrification reaction device 13 for denitrifying the dehydrated solution 91, and the treated dehydrated solution 91 optionally enters a sewage treatment system 131 for further treatment. The denitrification treatment comprises the following steps: the ammonia nitrogen in the dehydration solution 91 is converted to nitrogen based on an anammox process.
Wherein, the deslagging and desanding device 1 and the centrifugal concentration device 2 are respectively connected with the pre-dehydration device through pipelines. The pre-dehydration device 3, the conditioning container 4, the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5, the buffer container 6, the anaerobic reaction container 7 and the methane storage container 8 are sequentially connected through a closed pipeline. The anaerobic reaction container 7 and the extrusion dehydration equipment 9 are connected through a closed pipeline. The extrusion dewatering equipment 9 and the crushing device 10 are connected with a screw conveying device.
Wherein, the deslagging and desanding device specifically adopts a grating slag remover and a cyclone desander; the centrifugal concentration device 2 specifically adopts a centrifugal machine; the pre-dehydration device specifically adopts a centrifuge; the conditioning container specifically adopts a vertical cylindrical slurrying tank; the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel specifically adopts a vertical cylindrical high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle; the buffer memory is a vertical cylindrical flash memory tank; the anaerobic reaction vessel is a cylindrical anaerobic reaction tank with mechanical stirring; the biogas storage container specifically adopts a double-membrane spherical biogas cabinet; the extrusion dehydration equipment specifically adopts a high-pressure plate-and-frame filter press; the crushing device specifically adopts a hammer crusher; the denitrification facility specifically adopts a one-section anaerobic ammoxidation reaction tank.
The system is used for providing a method for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge, wherein the sludge is from a reclaimed water plant of a high tombstone shop in the sunward area of Beijing, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) removing most impurities in primary sludge 101 of a municipal sewage treatment plant by using a deslagging and desanding device 1, centrifugally dewatering residual activated sludge 201 of the municipal sewage treatment plant by using a centrifugal concentration device 2, and pre-dewatering a mixture of materials obtained by the deslagging and desanding device 1 and the centrifugal concentration device 2 to obtain pre-dewatered sludge;
2) the first flash steam and the second flash steam are received by the conditioning container 4 to preheat and pulp the pre-dewatered sludge, so that the temperature of the pre-dewatered sludge is kept between 90 and 97 ℃, the solid content is kept between 12 and 14 percent, and the material liquid level in the conditioning container 4 is controlled to be kept between 60 and 70 percent; the initial pressure of the first flash steam is 0.6MPa-0.28MPa, and the initial pressure of the second flash steam is 0.28MPa-0.1 MPa;
3) carrying out thermal hydrolysis on the preheated and slurried material by adopting a high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5, controlling the pressure of the thermal hydrolysis to be 0.6MPa, the temperature of the thermal hydrolysis to be 160 ℃, and the time of the thermal hydrolysis to be 30min, after the reaction is finished, firstly carrying out pressure release through a first pressure release valve at the top of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5, enabling first flash steam to enter the middle lower part of a conditioning container 4 through a pipeline, when the pressure in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5 is less than 0.28MPa, controlling the first pressure release valve to be automatically closed by a central monitoring and controlling unit 14, automatically opening a mud discharge valve at the bottom of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5, and spraying the material in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container 5 into the container from a middle upper;
4) second flash steam generated at the top of the buffer container 6 enters the container from a middle-lower interface of the conditioning container 4 through a second pressure relief valve through a pipeline, materials in the buffer container 6 are pumped into an anaerobic reaction container 7 according to needs to be subjected to anaerobic decomposition, the temperature in the anaerobic decomposition process is 40 +/-0.5 ℃, and methane obtained by reaction is stored in a methane storage container 8;
5) performing extrusion dehydration on the anaerobic decomposed product by using an extrusion dehydration device 9, controlling the pressure of the extrusion dehydration to be 2MPa, and controlling the time of the extrusion dehydration to be 40min to obtain the organic nutrient soil 92 and the dehydration solution 91 in the form of pieces; wherein, organic and inorganic compound dehydration agents are added to assist dehydration during extrusion dehydration, the adding proportion is 6 percent of the dry basis weight of the anaerobic decomposed product, and the dehydration is carried out until the water content is less than or equal to 60 percent;
6) and (3) crushing and shaping the organic nutrient soil 92 into pieces to obtain granular organic nutrient soil 101 with the grain diameter less than or equal to 10 mm.
When the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel 5 needs to be fed, the material is generally pumped from the bottom of the conditioning vessel 4 to the middle upper part of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel 5.
Wherein the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel 5 is operated in a sequencing batch manner.
In the step 1), a first medicament is added in the centrifugal dehydration process to assist in dehydration, the medicament is PAM, the centrifugal dehydration enables the water content of the residual activated sludge to be reduced to 97% -97.5%, and the adding amount of the first medicament is 1.5 per mill of the dry weight of the residual activated sludge.
In the step 1), a second medicament is added in the pre-dehydration process to assist dehydration, the medicament is PAM, the pre-dehydration enables the water content of the pretreated sludge to be reduced to 83.5%, and the adding amount of the second medicament is 4 per mill of the dry weight of the sludge of the mixture of the materials obtained by the deslagging and desanding device 1 and the centrifugal concentration device 2.
Wherein, the organic matter is converted and utilized by anaerobic microorganism in the anaerobic reaction container, the retention time is 18 days, the degradation rate can reach 50 to 60 percent, and the gas production rate can reach 350-400m3T dry mud. The generated marsh gas is conveyed to a marsh gas cabinet, the marsh gas is desulfurized and then enters a steam boiler to produce saturated steam with the pressure of 1.25MPa and the saturated steam is supplied to a high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit, the residual marsh gas enters power generation equipment to produce electric energy for an organic nutrient soil production system, and the surplus electricity is generatedCan be supplied externally.
Tests prove that the organic matter of the organic nutrient soil obtained by adopting the system and the method is more than or equal to 35 percent, and the total nutrient is (N + P)2O5+K2O) is more than or equal to 5 percent, and the maturity (germination index of seeds) is more than 70 percent. After dehydration, the organic nutrient soil is in a solid state, is convenient to store and transport, and can reduce the transport cost by about 65 percent compared with untreated raw sludge (with the water content of 80 percent). And (3) conveying the filtrate obtained by extrusion to a denitrification reaction facility through a pipeline for denitrification treatment, and refluxing the treated filtrate to a sewage treatment area without secondary pollution.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A system for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge is characterized by comprising the following components:
the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit, a decomposition and energy recovery unit, an organic nutrient soil extraction unit, an organic nutrient soil shaping unit and a central monitoring and regulating unit (14) for controlling the operation of all units;
the pretreatment unit comprises a deslagging and desanding device (1), a centrifugal concentration device (2) and a pre-dewatering device (3):
the deslagging and desanding device (1) is used for removing most of impurities in primary sludge (101) of a municipal domestic sewage treatment plant;
the centrifugal concentration device (2) is used for centrifugally dewatering residual activated sludge (201) of a town sewage treatment plant;
the pre-dehydration device (3) is used for pre-dehydrating a mixture of materials obtained by the deslagging and desanding device (1) and the centrifugal concentration device (2) to obtain sludge after pre-dehydration;
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction unit comprises a conditioning container (4), a high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5) and a buffer container (6):
the conditioning container (4) is used for receiving first flash steam and second flash steam which are respectively supplied by the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5) and the buffer container (6) so as to preheat and slurry the sludge after pre-dehydration;
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel (5) is used for carrying out thermal hydrolysis on the material received from the conditioning vessel (4) and generating first flash steam supplied to the conditioning vessel (4);
the buffer container (6) is used for receiving the material subjected to thermal hydrolysis in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5) and providing second flash steam for the conditioning container (4);
the top parts of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5) and the buffer container (6) are respectively provided with a first pressure relief valve and a second pressure relief valve which are used for controlling the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5) and the buffer container (6);
the first pressure relief valve and the second pressure relief valve are respectively connected with the middle lower part of the conditioning container (4) through a closed pipeline;
the rotting and curing and energy recovery unit comprises an anaerobic reaction container (7) and a methane storage container (8):
the anaerobic reaction container (7) is used for carrying out anaerobic decomposition on the sludge raw material from the buffer container (6);
the biogas storage container (8) is used for storing biogas obtained by the anaerobic reaction container (7);
the organic nutrient soil extraction unit comprises an extrusion dehydration device (9) which is used for carrying out extrusion dehydration on a product obtained by anaerobic decomposition to obtain a piece of organic nutrient soil (92) and a dehydration solution (91);
the organic nutrient soil shaping unit comprises a crushing device (10) which is used for crushing blocky organic nutrient soil (92) to obtain granular organic nutrient soil (93).
2. The system for preparing organotrophic soil from municipal domestic sludge according to claim 1, wherein the maturation and energy recovery unit further comprises:
the steam boiler (11) is connected with the methane storage container (8) through a closed pipeline; biogas in the biogas storage container (8) provides energy for a steam boiler (11), high-temperature saturated steam (111) obtained by the steam boiler (11) is used as a heat source for heating materials in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5), and the steam boiler (11) is connected with the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5) through a closed pipeline.
3. The system for preparing organotrophic soil from municipal domestic sludge according to claim 1, wherein the maturation and energy recovery unit further comprises:
and the power generation device (12) generates electric energy (121) by utilizing the biogas in the biogas storage container (8), and the electric energy (121) is used for system self-use (1211) and/or electric power external supply (1212).
4. The system for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge according to claim 1, wherein the organic nutrient soil extraction unit further comprises a denitrification reaction device (13) for denitrifying the dehydrated solution (91), and the treated dehydrated solution (91) is optionally sent to a sewage treatment system (131) for further treatment.
5. The system for preparing organic nutrient soil according to town domestic sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the deslagging and desanding device (1) and the centrifugal concentration device (2) are respectively connected with a pre-dehydration device through pipelines;
the pre-dehydration device (3), the conditioning container (4), the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5), the buffer container (6), the anaerobic reaction container (7) and the biogas storage container (8) are sequentially connected through a closed pipeline.
6. The system for preparing organotrophic soil from urban domestic sludge according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic reaction vessel (7) and the extrusion dewatering device (9) are connected by a closed pipeline.
7. The system for the preparation of organotrophic soil from urban domestic sludge according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion dewatering device (9) and the crushing device (10) are connected by a screw conveyor.
8. The system for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge according to claim 1, wherein the conditioning vessel (4) is provided with a liquid level sensor and a temperature sensor.
9. The system for preparing organic nutrient soil according to town domestic sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the high-temperature high-pressure reaction container (5) is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor;
the buffer container (6) is provided with a liquid level sensor, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
10. The system for preparing organic nutrient soil according to town domestic sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the anaerobic reaction container (7) is provided with a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor and a pH sensor;
the methane storage container (8) is provided with a height sensor.
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| CN202022056357.5U CN212260031U (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | System for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge |
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| CN202022056357.5U CN212260031U (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | System for preparing organic nutrient soil from urban domestic sludge |
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