CN212254989U - Testing arrangement of fibre reinforced composite prefab permeability - Google Patents
Testing arrangement of fibre reinforced composite prefab permeability Download PDFInfo
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- CN212254989U CN212254989U CN201922337685.XU CN201922337685U CN212254989U CN 212254989 U CN212254989 U CN 212254989U CN 201922337685 U CN201922337685 U CN 201922337685U CN 212254989 U CN212254989 U CN 212254989U
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011157 advanced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a testing arrangement of fibre reinforced composite prefab permeability, including supporting structure, die cavity subassembly, cope match-plate pattern component and removal extrusion mechanism: the support structure is provided with an upper bearing seat mounting plate and a lower die supporting plate on the bottom surface; the die cavity component is formed by a lower template and a die cavity thickness bracket; the upper template component is an integral part of the rectangular pressing frame, the upper template supporting frame, the upper template and the rectangular connecting frame; the movable extrusion mechanism comprises a bearing seat, a hand wheel, a gear shaft, a bevel gear and a screw rod, wherein the bevel gear at the upper end of the screw rod is matched with the bevel gear on the gear shaft, the middle section of the screw rod penetrates through the rectangular pressing frame, the upper die supporting frame and the rectangular connecting frame, the screw rod is matched with a threaded hole of the screw rod, and the lower end of the screw rod is arranged on bearings at four corners of the die cavity thickness. The technical effects of the utility model are that: the method can measure the in-plane permeability and the out-of-plane permeability, and accurately measure the infiltration defect of the composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to a test technology of permeability, concretely relates to testing arrangement of combined material prefab permeability.
Background
The composite material liquid molding technology is that liquid polymer is injected into a closed mold cavity paved with a fiber preformed body, or resin films which are placed into the mold cavity in advance are heated and melted, and the liquid polymer finishes resin/fiber infiltration and is solidified and molded into a product while flowing and filling the mold. The process technology is the main development direction of advanced composite materials with low cost, has the advantages of capability of manufacturing complex components with good surface quality and high precision, low consumption of raw materials and energy and the like, but because in the forming process, the conditions of unsatisfactory infiltration, uneven flow of resin in the molding process and the like often occur, and the conditions are often related to the positions of an injection opening and a discharge opening and the permeability of fiber fabrics. In order to improve the fluidity and the wettability of resin in a mold cavity during RTM injection and better exhaust bubbles, a plurality of new processes are provided: vacuumizing the cavity, and injecting resin by using an injection machine; or resin is injected only by the difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure caused by the vacuum of the cavity. However, these processes lack a means for measuring the permeability of the liquid polymer, and cannot determine the wetting effect of the liquid polymer.
Chinese patent document CN106841005A discloses a device for testing liquid composite permeability in 2017, 6 and 13, and an application system and method thereof, wherein the device comprises a lower die support, a lower die plate, a die cavity thickness support, an upper die plate member and an upper die support, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the lower template is provided with buffer chambers corresponding to the two ends of the mold cavity respectively, wherein the injection port and the flash port are arranged in the buffer chambers, and fiber fabrics are laid between the two buffer chambers; the upper template component comprises an upper template, the size and the position of the upper template correspond to the die cavity, the upper template moves up and down through the upper template support to change the distance between the upper template and the fiber fabric, and the upper template support is connected with a measuring meter for reflecting the position change of the upper template. The patent can test the permeability of the liquid polymer in the composite material, but only can test the permeability in a single direction, has a narrow test range, and cannot integrally reflect the permeability of the composite material in all directions.
The out-of-plane permeability refers to the permeability of the liquid polymer in the thickness direction of the composite material, and the in-plane permeability refers to the permeability of the liquid polymer in all directions on the surface of the composite material. At present, the Darcy's Law is generally used to describe the flow infiltration process of various types of reinforcement materials and preforms. Darcy's law is a typical fundamental equation for the passage of fluids through porous media, namely:
wherein v is the average flow velocity of the liquid in the medium, K is the permeability tensor of the porous medium, μ is the viscosity of the fluid, and Δ p is the pressure difference between the flow front and the injection port. And K is divided into main permeability K in the direction of coordinate axis XxMain permeability K in Y-directionyMain permeability K in Z-directionzHere KzI.e., out-of-plane permeability.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The problem that exists to prior art, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a testing arrangement of fibre reinforced composite prefab permeability is provided, it can not only measure the in-plane permeability in each side, can also measure off-plane permeability, and then the infiltration defect of accurate prediction combined material.
The utility model provides a pair of testing arrangement of fibre reinforced composite prefab permeability, it includes supporting structure, die cavity subassembly, cope match-plate pattern component and removal extrusion mechanism:
the support structure is a support formed by a bearing seat mounting plate at the upper part, a lower die supporting plate at the bottom surface and positioning columns arranged at four corners;
the die cavity assembly consists of a die cavity thickness support and a lower die plate, the die cavity thickness support is a square frame and is arranged on the lower die plate in a centering mode, the lower die plate and the die cavity thickness support form a die cavity, the die cavity thickness support is overlapped with the lower die plate and is fixed on the lower die supporting plate through a bolt;
the upper template component is an integral part of a rectangular pressing frame, an upper template supporting frame, an upper template and a rectangular connecting frame, the rectangular pressing frame is arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the upper template supporting frame, the upper template supporting frame supports the frame of the rectangular pressing frame and fixes the upper template, and the rectangular connecting frame is arranged on the periphery of the upper template and is connected with and fixes the upper template;
four corners of the rectangular pressing frame are respectively connected with a measuring meter for measuring the thickness of the formed prefabricated part;
the movable extrusion mechanism comprises bearing seats, a hand wheel, gear shafts, bevel gears and screw rods, the two ends of the top surface of the bearing seat mounting plate are symmetrically mounted on the four bearing seats, the two gear shafts are horizontally mounted in the bearing seats, the hand wheel is arranged at the front end of each gear shaft, the bevel gears at the upper ends of the screw rods are matched with the bevel gears on the gear shafts, the middle sections of the screw rods penetrate through the rectangular pressing frame, the upper die supporting frame and the rectangular connecting frame, the screw rods are matched with threaded holes of the screw rods, and.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model discloses not only can measure the ascending in-plane permeability of all directions, can also measure the outer permeability of face (thickness direction).
2. The utility model discloses a rectangle die cavity can hold the prefab of multiple not unidimensional and shape and carry out the permeability test, has improved testing arrangement's utilization ratio.
3. The utility model discloses a rotatory hand wheel drives gear shaft rotatory, and it is rotatory that rethread bevel gear drives the screw rod, and the up-and-down motion that finally realizes the cope match-plate pattern through helical drive changes and predetermines thickness, and is convenient laborsaving more. Meanwhile, a separable linkage structure is adopted, so that the height of four corners can be respectively adjusted, and the phenomenon that the heights of cavities between the upper die and the lower die are not uniform is avoided.
4. The utility model discloses a measuring gauge is all installed at four angles to control more accurately and take notes the thickness of die cavity.
Therefore, the utility model discloses use more extensively.
Drawings
The drawings of the utility model are as follows:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a test apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mold cavity assembly;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of the screw of fig. 1 engaged with an upper plate member.
In the figure: 1. a bearing seat mounting plate; 2. rectangular pressing frames; 3. an upper die supporting frame; 4. mounting a template; 5. a mold cavity thickness support; 6. a lower template; 7. a lower die supporting plate; 8. a measuring meter; 9. a positioning column; 10. a screw; 11. a hand wheel; 12. a gear shaft; 13. a bevel gear; 14. a pressure gauge; 15. a bearing seat; 16. a buffer chamber; 17. a flash interface; 18. a seal ring; 19. and a rectangular connecting frame.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the following figures and examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a supporting structure, die cavity subassembly, cope match-plate pattern component and removal extrusion mechanism:
the support structure is a support formed by a bearing seat mounting plate 1 at the upper part, a lower die supporting plate 7 at the bottom surface and positioning columns 9 arranged at four corners.
As shown in fig. 2, the die cavity assembly is composed of a die cavity thickness support 5 and a lower template 6, the die cavity thickness support 5 is a square frame and is arranged on the lower template 6 in a centering manner, the lower template 6 and the die cavity thickness support 5 form a die cavity, the die cavity thickness support 5 is overlapped with the lower template 6 and is fixed on a lower die supporting plate 7 through a bolt.
As shown in fig. 3, the upper mold plate member is an integral member of a rectangular pressing frame 2, an upper mold supporting frame 3, an upper mold plate 4 and a rectangular connecting frame 19, the rectangular pressing frame 2 is arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the upper mold supporting frame 3, and four corners of the rectangular pressing frame 2 are respectively connected with 4 measuring meters 8 for measuring the thickness of the formed preform; the upper die supporting frame 3 supports the frame of the rectangular pressing frame 2 and fixes the upper die plate 4, and the rectangular connecting frame 19 is positioned on the periphery of the upper die plate 4 and plays a role in connecting and fixing the upper die plate 4.
The movable extrusion mechanism comprises bearing seats 15, a hand wheel 11, gear shafts 12, bevel gears 13 and screws 10, wherein the four bearing seats 15 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the top surface of a bearing seat mounting plate 1, the two gear shafts 12 are horizontally arranged in the bearing seats 15, the hand wheel 11 is arranged at the front end of each gear shaft 12, the bevel gears 13 at the upper ends of the screws 10 are matched with the bevel gears on the gear shafts, as shown in figure 3, the middle sections of the screws 10 penetrate through a rectangular pressing frame 2, an upper die supporting frame 3 and a rectangular connecting frame 19, the screws are matched with threaded holes of the screws, and the lower ends of the screws 10. The adjusting screw 10 effects up and down movement of the upper die plate member.
And a rectangular hole is formed in the bearing seat mounting plate 1 at a position corresponding to the inner cavity of the rectangular pressing frame 2 and serves as a perspective window. The upper template 4 is an organic glass rectangular plate, the center of the upper template is provided with an injection port, and a circle of sealing ring 18 is sleeved on a groove on the lower side wall of the upper template; the upper template 4 and the lower template 6 are arranged in parallel, and the size of the upper template is matched with the inner cavity of the die cavity thickness support.
As shown in fig. 2, the lower template 6 is a rectangular organic glass plate and is horizontally arranged; the left side and the right side of the lower template 6 are respectively provided with a buffer chamber 16 for buffering liquid, the centers of the buffer chambers 16 are both provided with flash interfaces 17, the flash interfaces are air extraction holes, and the prefabricated member is laid in the middle of the lower template 6.
The lower die supporting plate 7 is a rectangular metal plate, and a corresponding rectangular hole is formed in the inner cavity of the lower die supporting plate corresponding to the die cavity thickness support 5 to serve as a perspective window.
The measuring meter 8 adopts a dial indicator, a measuring rod of the measuring meter is perpendicular to the lower die supporting plate 7, and a measuring head is in contact with the upper surface of the lower die supporting plate 7.
A pressure gauge 14 is respectively arranged on the bearing seat mounting plate 1 and the lower die supporting plate 7, injected liquid passes through the upper pressure gauge to display injection pressure, and overflowed liquid passes through the lower pressure gauge to display pressure at the front flowing edge.
The utility model discloses a supporting service equipment: the device comprises a vacuum pump, a buffer tank, a beaker and video acquisition equipment; the liquid polymer in the beaker is injected into the die cavity through the hose and the injection port of the testing device, and the buffer tank is connected between the vacuum pump and the testing device and is used for pumping air from the pumping port of the lower template 6. The vacuum pump is used for forming vacuum in the mold cavity, the buffer tank is used for preventing liquid polymer from being sucked into the vacuum pump, and the video acquisition equipment is arranged right above and below the device.
Firstly, use the utility model discloses the process of test fibre reinforced composite prefab in-plane permeability is as follows:
1. preparation work:
(1) and cutting the fiber reinforced composite material prefabricated part according to the requirements (length a and width b), weighing the weight m, and recording the fabric density measured by a drainage method as rho. According to the formula
The porosity psi of the preform was calculated. Wherein H is the thickness of the preform after molding, namely the preset thickness value.
(2) And connecting the injection interface of the testing device with the beaker, connecting one end of the buffer tank with the vacuum pump, and connecting the other end of the buffer tank with the flash interface of the testing device. And then wiping the upper and lower templates, the inner cavity of the die cavity thickness bracket and the like.
(3) And opening the vacuum pump after die assembly, observing the reading of the pressure gauge, and checking the air tightness of the device.
(4) The lifting upper die plate is separated from the inner cavity of the die cavity thickness support by rotating the hand wheel, the weighed prefabricated part is laid in the inner cavity of the die cavity thickness support, the hand wheel is adjusted, finally, the upper die plate is tightly attached to the prefabricated part through screw transmission, the indicating number of the dial indicator is close to a preset thickness value H, and the difference is preferably 0.1mm to 0.2 mm.
(5) The hose at the injection end was clamped with a clamp, and then the vacuum pump was turned on until the readings of the two pressure gauges were stable. And slightly adjusting the hand wheel to enable the upper template to continuously descend, so that the dial indicator reaches a preset thickness value H.
2. In-plane permeability test and calculation
(1) And firstly opening the video acquisition equipment to start recording, then placing the other end of the hose connected with the injection port below the liquid level in the beaker, opening the clamp, and starting the test.
(2) And stopping the test when the resin or vegetable oil infiltrates a certain radial edge of the preform.
(3) And after the test is finished, carrying out test data processing: and observing the video, and taking images at the moment in the flowing process at constant time intervals after the flowing is stable. The points are distributed as much as possible throughout the process of steady flow. The principal axis X, Y of the permeation ellipse and the angle θ between the X-axis and the meridional direction are obtained by image processing. The penetration distance on the major axis of the penetration ellipse X, Y at the corresponding time is recorded.
(4) The permeability in the direction of the penetration ellipse X, Y and the permeability of the preform across the weft at the corresponding time are calculated, as well as the average permeability over the entire process in the direction of the penetration ellipse X, Y.
Kxx＝Kx(cosθ)2+Ky(sinθ)2
Kyy＝Kx(sinθ)2+Ky(cosθ)2
Wherein, Kx、KyIs the permeability in the direction of the permeation ellipse X, Y, and θ is the angle between the X-axis and the warp direction. Kxx、KyyPermeability of the preform across the weft (where KxxIs the warp permeability, KyyPermeability in the weft direction); eta is fluid viscosity, psi is void fraction; r0、Rx、RyThe injection radius, the flow front radius in the X direction of the permeation ellipse and the flow front radius in the Y direction of the permeation ellipse are respectively; t is from the beginning of the injection to RxOr RyThe time taken; Δ P is the pressure difference between the flow front and the injection port.
Secondly, use the utility model discloses the process of test fibre reinforced composite prefab off-plane permeability is as follows:
1. preparation work: the same preparation as for the in-plane permeability test was performed.
2. Out-of-plane permeability testing and calculation:
(1) firstly, opening the video acquisition equipment to start recording, then placing the other end of the hose connected with the injection port below the liquid level in the beaker, opening the clamp, and starting the test;
(2) stopping the test when the resin or the vegetable oil is observed to infiltrate into the bottom of the prefabricated part;
(3) and after the test is finished, extracting and processing test data: the test procedure before the permeation in the thickness direction was effective. Within the range of the effective test process, after the flow is stable, images at the moment in the flow process are taken at constant time intervals, the X, Y main axis of the penetration ellipse is obtained through image processing, and the penetration distance on the main axis of the penetration ellipse X, Y corresponding to the moment is recorded; at the same time, a set of thickness direction data, namely the preform thickness and the time just after penetration in the thickness direction, is obtained at the end of the test.
(4) And substituting the test data into the following formula, and solving the test data in parallel to obtain the out-of-plane permeability of the fiber reinforced composite material prefabricated part. The test was repeated and the average permeability was taken. Attention is paid to unit conversion in calculation
In the formula, the two main directions respectively correspond to x and y, and the permeability respectively corresponds to k1、k2(ii) a Thickness direction corresponds to z, and permeability corresponds to k3. N is the number of groups of data. L is the syringe length and b is the syringe radius. l represents the preform thickness. t is tiThe time corresponding to the radius of the flow front. Eta is the liquid viscosity, phi is the preform void fraction, P0Is at ambient pressure (typically standard atmospheric pressure).
Claims (6)
1. A testing arrangement of fibre reinforced composite prefab permeability, includes supporting structure, die cavity subassembly, cope match-plate pattern component and removal extrusion mechanism:
the support structure is a support formed by a bearing seat mounting plate at the upper part, a lower die supporting plate at the bottom surface and positioning columns arranged at four corners;
the die cavity assembly consists of a die cavity thickness support and a lower die plate, the die cavity thickness support is a square frame and is arranged on the lower die plate in a centering mode, the lower die plate and the die cavity thickness support form a die cavity, the die cavity thickness support is overlapped with the lower die plate and is fixed on the lower die supporting plate through a bolt;
the upper template component is an integral part of a rectangular pressing frame, an upper template supporting frame, an upper template and a rectangular connecting frame, the rectangular pressing frame is arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the upper template supporting frame, the upper template supporting frame supports the frame of the rectangular pressing frame and fixes the upper template, and the rectangular connecting frame is arranged on the periphery of the upper template and is connected with and fixes the upper template;
the method is characterized in that:
four corners of the rectangular pressing frame are respectively connected with a measuring meter for measuring the thickness of the formed prefabricated part;
the movable extrusion mechanism comprises bearing seats, a hand wheel, gear shafts, bevel gears and screw rods, the two ends of the top surface of the bearing seat mounting plate are symmetrically mounted on the four bearing seats, the two gear shafts are horizontally mounted in the bearing seats, the hand wheel is arranged at the front end of each gear shaft, the bevel gears at the upper ends of the screw rods are matched with the bevel gears on the gear shafts, the middle sections of the screw rods penetrate through the rectangular pressing frame, the upper die supporting frame and the rectangular connecting frame, the screw rods are matched with threaded holes of the screw rods, and.
2. The apparatus for testing the permeability of a fiber reinforced composite preform according to claim 1, wherein: a rectangular hole is arranged on the bearing seat mounting plate and corresponds to the inner cavity of the rectangular pressing frame to be used as a perspective window; the upper template is an organic glass rectangular plate, the center of the upper template is provided with an injection port, and a circle of sealing ring is sleeved on a groove on the lower side wall of the upper template; the upper template and the lower template are arranged in parallel, and the size of the upper template is matched with the inner cavity of the die cavity thickness support.
3. The apparatus for testing the permeability of a fiber reinforced composite preform according to claim 2, wherein: the lower template is an organic glass rectangular plate and is horizontally arranged; the left side and the right side of the lower template are respectively provided with a buffer chamber for buffering liquid, the centers of the buffer chambers are respectively provided with flash interfaces, and the flash interfaces are used as air extraction holes.
4. The apparatus for testing the permeability of a fiber reinforced composite preform according to claim 3, wherein: the lower die supporting plate is a rectangular metal plate, and a corresponding rectangular hole is formed in the inner cavity of the lower die supporting plate corresponding to the die cavity thickness support and serves as a perspective window.
5. The apparatus for testing the permeability of a fiber reinforced composite preform according to claim 4, wherein: the dial indicator is adopted as the measuring gauge, a measuring rod of the measuring gauge is perpendicular to the lower die supporting plate, and the measuring head is in contact with the upper surface of the lower die supporting plate.
6. The apparatus for testing the permeability of a fiber reinforced composite preform according to claim 5, wherein: and a pressure gauge is respectively arranged on the bearing seat mounting plate and the lower die supporting plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201922337685.XU CN212254989U (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Testing arrangement of fibre reinforced composite prefab permeability |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201922337685.XU CN212254989U (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Testing arrangement of fibre reinforced composite prefab permeability |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113720746A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Device and method for testing permeability of penetrating agent in fiber cloth |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113720746A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Device and method for testing permeability of penetrating agent in fiber cloth |
| CN113720746B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-07-22 | 合肥工业大学 | Device and method for testing permeability of penetrating agent in fiber cloth |
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