CN212252568U - Boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system of subcritical header control water supply system - Google Patents

Boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system of subcritical header control water supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN212252568U
CN212252568U CN202020558445.2U CN202020558445U CN212252568U CN 212252568 U CN212252568 U CN 212252568U CN 202020558445 U CN202020558445 U CN 202020558445U CN 212252568 U CN212252568 U CN 212252568U
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boiler
water
regulating valve
heat exchanger
feed water
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常威武
田爽
惠文涛
吕永涛
王继强
李晓博
刘中华
秦斌
唐琳娜
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a subcritical header system water supply system boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system, the system includes the water-water heat exchanger between boiler drum level regulating valve to one, two boilers installed in proper order, feed water pressure transmitter and feed water temperature sensor, install the governing valve on water-water heat exchanger refrigerant return water pipeline, install the feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve on feed water pipeline to deaerator recirculation pipeline, the feed water temperature PID controller who is connected with corresponding boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow control valve and feed water temperature sensor, feed water pressure PID controller who is connected with corresponding boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve and feed water pressure transmitter; the feed water pressure PID controller controls the feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve to be slowly turned down, and the feed water temperature PID controller controls the opening degree of the refrigerant flow regulating valve of the water-water heat exchanger to control the feed water pressure and temperature to be within the allowable pressure and temperature range of the metal pipe wall of the boiler.

Description

Boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system of subcritical header control water supply system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a thermal power station automatic control technical field, concretely relates to subcritical header system water supply system boiler recirculation heat exchange start-up system.
Background
In the existing subcritical main pipe water supply system, two boilers share one water supply system, which becomes a preferred scheme for reducing early investment of thermal power and electric energy enterprises. Firstly, in a conventional thermal power generating set, a set of water supply system comprises a water supply pump set, a high-pressure heater system, a high-pressure steam extraction system and a high-pressure drainage system, and two boilers share one set of water supply system, so that the early investment of an enterprise can be greatly reduced; and secondly, one set of water supply system is omitted, and the maintenance cost of enterprises on the water supply system equipment is also obviously reduced. However, the starting mode of the header water supply boiler or the two boilers are started simultaneously; or the first boiler is started to drive the steam turbine to rotate, the grid-connected power generation is carried out, the initial load is carried out, then when the quality of steam of the second boiler is close to that of the first boiler through the steam turbine bypass system, the steam of the two boilers is converged and flows into the same steam main pipe through the steam-connected equipment, and finally the synchronous steam turbines of the two boilers run at the full load of the unit.
The main pipe water supply system brings some limitations to the flexible operation of the unit. For example, when the second boiler is in service, the first boiler operates at full load with the turbine. After the second boiler finishes the maintenance task, the second boiler needs to be put into operation, the first boiler and the steam turbine need to be put into operation through load reduction, auxiliary engine output reduction, coal feeder stop, oil feeding combustion supporting, bypass input, split generator and tripping steam turbine in sequence, finally the first boiler and the steam turbine operate to extinguish and stop the boiler, and the two boilers synchronously start the belt unit again to full output; or the first boiler is reduced to the initial load state of the steam turbine from the full output state through a series of operations of load reduction, feeding system reduction, oil feeding and stable combustion and the like, and the temperature of the feed water is reduced to the temperature suitable for overhauling the metal of the boiler, wherein the process can be carried out for several hours or even a whole day. The second boiler is flushed from the boiler after water feeding, cold flushing, ignition heating and hot flushing until the steam quality meets the steam combining condition, and the process can take several hours or even a whole day. And synchronizing the steam turbine with the first boiler until the full output is reached. In the process of merging the boiler into the second boiler, assuming that one layer of oil burner is put into operation for stable combustion and 4 oil guns are arranged on the layer, wherein each oil gun is used for producing 500 kilograms of fuel oil per hour, and the loss of an enterprise on a power grid is considered when the first boiler is not fully loaded. The economic loss to the enterprise in the process of starting and integrating the second boiler is obvious.
Such a starting method has several problems:
firstly, when two boilers are started simultaneously, the number of devices to be monitored by operators is increased by times, so that the faults in the starting process are inevitable, and unnecessary losses are brought to enterprises and staff. And because of the inconsistency of the materials of the two boiler devices, the requirements on the water supply system in the starting process are different, and the special literacy of operators and the reliability of the materials of the devices are also greatly tested.
Secondly, the first boiler is wasted by waiting for the second boiler to start with initial load, and the unit is damaged to the equipment when running below stable combustion load for a long time, so that the service life of the equipment is reduced.
Third, the greater the difference between the boiler metal tube wall and the feed water temperature, the greater the likelihood of brittle failure of the boiler metal tube wall. The second boiler, which is completely overhauled, needs to be put into use, and the first boiler must be waited for to be in the same state as the first boiler, in the process, the economic loss to the enterprise is obvious, and the damage to the unit equipment is not negligible.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the utility model aims to provide a subcritical header system water supply system boiler recirculation heat exchange start-up system to the operational reliability who improves two stove a tractor or many stove a tractor control water supply system thermal power plant, prolongs boiler key equipment life-span, reduces the probability that the damaged or even booster accident of metal pipe wall takes place, reduces and maintains cost of maintenance, and it all has important meaning to reduce unit start-up cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system of a subcritical header water supply system comprises a boiler water-water heat exchanger 1, a boiler water supply pressure transmitter 5 and a boiler water supply temperature sensor 4 which are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between a boiler drum water level regulating valve 8 and a boiler 19, a boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 2 arranged on a refrigerant water return pipeline of the boiler water-water heat exchanger 1, a boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve 3 arranged on a boiler water supply pipeline and a deaerator recirculation pipeline, a first boiler feed water temperature PID controller 6 connected with the first boiler feed water heat exchanger coolant flow regulating valve 2 and the first boiler feed water temperature sensor 4, and a first boiler feed water pressure PID controller 7 connected with the first boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve 3 and the first boiler feed water pressure transmitter 5.
The boiler water-feeding system also comprises a second boiler water-water heat exchanger 11, a second boiler water-feeding pressure transmitter 15 and a second boiler water-feeding temperature sensor 14 which are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the second boiler drum water level regulating valve 18 and the second boiler 20, a second boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 12 arranged on a refrigerant water return pipeline of the second boiler water-water heat exchanger 11, a second boiler water-feeding recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 arranged on a second boiler water-feeding pipeline and a deaerator recirculation pipeline, a second boiler water-feeding temperature PID controller 16 connected with the second boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 12 and the second boiler water-feeding temperature sensor 14, and a second boiler water-feeding pressure PID controller 17 connected with the second boiler water-feeding recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 and the second boiler water-feeding pressure transmitter 15.
The water inlets of the boiler water heat exchanger 1 and the boiler water heat exchanger 11 are communicated with a condensed water pipeline between a condensed water pump 21 and a low-pressure heater 22; the water outlets of the boiler water heat exchanger 1 and the boiler water heat exchanger 11 are communicated with the condensed water pipeline between the low-pressure heater 22 and the deaerator 23.
The water inlet of the boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve 3 is communicated with a boiler water supply pipeline between the boiler drum water level regulating valve 8 and the boiler water heat exchanger 1, and the water outlet of the boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve 3 is communicated with the deaerator 23. The water inlet of the second boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 is communicated with a second boiler water supply pipeline between the second boiler drum water level regulating valve 18 and the second boiler water heat exchanger 11, and the water outlet of the second boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 is communicated with the deaerator 23.
The working method of the boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system of the subcritical header control water supply system is that if the second boiler 20 is used as the starting boiler, during the starting process of the boiler II 20 from the ignition to the combination with the main steam of the boiler I19, the temperature of the metal material on the pipe wall of the boiler II 20 changes, the temperature and the pressure of the feed water entering the boiler II 20 also change, in order to reduce the possibility of brittle failure of the metal pipe wall of the second boiler 20 caused by the mismatch of the metal temperature of the second boiler 20 and the feed water temperature and pressure, the second boiler feed water pressure PID controller 17 controls the second boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 to be slowly closed at a preset speed, so that the feed water pressure measured by the second boiler feed water pressure transmitter 15 is in the rising process, the pressure of the feed water is always within the allowable feed water pressure range of the metal material of the boiler 20 in the load-increasing stage II; the second boiler feed water temperature PID controller 16 reduces the flow of condensed water entering the second boiler water heat exchanger 11 by reducing the opening of the second boiler water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 12, thereby controlling the feed water temperature measured by the second boiler feed water temperature sensor 14 to be within the temperature range allowed by the metal pipe wall of the second boiler 20 in the temperature rising process; with the continuous increase of the load of the second boiler 20, the temperature of the metal pipe wall of the second boiler 20 is also continuously increased, and the required feed water pressure and temperature are also continuously increased in the control according to the allowable increasing speed of the metal pipe wall of the second boiler 20 until the main steam of the second boiler 20 is successfully merged into the first boiler 19; at this moment, the second boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 of the second boiler 20 is already in a fully closed state, and the second boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 12 of the second boiler 20 is already in a fully closed state, which represents that the second boiler 20 of the utility model finishes the starting process; if boiler one 19 is used as the start-up boiler, the start-up process of boiler one 19 from the ignition to the combination with the main steam of boiler two 20 is the same as the start-up process of boiler two 20 from the ignition to the combination with the main steam of boiler one 19.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage:
(1) the utility model enriches the starting mode of one machine set of two furnaces (including multiple furnaces) of the main pipe water supply system. The boiler one 19 that is running first does not have to be under steady burning load, waiting for the other boiler two 20 to complete the start-up process, and both boilers can wait for the other boiler to be incorporated in any state. The economic cost of a power generation enterprise in the starting process of the unit is reduced; but also protects the metal pipe wall of the boiler to the maximum extent; the labor intensity of operators is also reduced; and unnecessary misoperation caused by monitoring two boilers in unstable combustion states by operators at the same time is even reduced.
(2) The prior art cannot accurately control the feed water pressure of a boiler. The utility model discloses can realize the real time control of the preceding feedwater pressure of boiler, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing that feedwater pressure satisfies the boiler present stage metal material demand, retrieve unnecessary technology feedwater to the oxygen-eliminating device. The process solves the problem that the water supply pressure is not adjustable, and is not in line with the concept of saving and protecting the environment of enterprises.
(3) The prior art can not accurately control the feed water temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler. When the utility model judges that the water supply is over-temperature, the purpose of high-temperature water supply and temperature reduction can be realized through the water-water heat exchanger by means of low-temperature condensed water in a short time; the amount of steam extracted from the steam turbine and required for heating condensed water is reduced, and the amount of steam for doing work in the steam turbine is increased in a phase-changing manner, so that the power output of a unit is improved, and the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection of enterprises are met; further enriching the safe starting mode of a plurality of boilers of the main pipe water supply system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.
1-boiler water-water heat exchanger; 2-a refrigerant flow regulating valve of a boiler water heat exchanger; 3-boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve; 4-boiler feed water temperature sensor; 5-boiler feed water pressure transmitter; 6-PID controller for boiler feed water temperature; 7-a boiler feed water pressure PID controller; 8-boiler drum water level regulating valve of the first boiler; 9-a feed pump; 10-high pressure heater; 11-boiler water-water heat exchanger II; 12-second boiler water-water heat exchanger coolant flow control valve; 13-boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve of second; 14-boiler feed water temperature sensor II; 15-a second boiler feed water pressure transmitter; 16-boiler feed water temperature PID controller; 17-a second boiler feed water pressure PID controller; 18-second boiler drum water level regulating valve; 19-boiler number one; 20-boiler number two; 21-a condensate pump; 22-low pressure heater; 23-deaerator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the utility model relates to a subcritical header control water supply system boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system, which comprises a boiler water-water heat exchanger 1, a boiler feed water pressure transmitter 5 and a boiler feed water temperature sensor 4 which are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between a boiler drum water level regulating valve 8 and a boiler 19, a boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 2 arranged on a refrigerant water return pipeline of the boiler water-water heat exchanger 1, a boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve 3 arranged on a boiler feed water pipeline to a deaerator recirculation pipeline, a first boiler feed water temperature PID controller 6 connected with the first boiler feed water heat exchanger coolant flow regulating valve 2 and the first boiler feed water temperature sensor 4, and the first boiler feed water pressure PID controller 7 is connected with the first boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve 3 and the first boiler feed water pressure transmitter 5.
The boiler water-feeding system also comprises a second boiler water-water heat exchanger 11, a second boiler water-feeding pressure transmitter 15 and a second boiler water-feeding temperature sensor 14 which are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the second boiler drum water level regulating valve 18 and the second boiler 20, a second boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 12 arranged on a refrigerant water return pipeline of the second boiler water-water heat exchanger 11, a second boiler water-feeding recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 arranged on a second boiler water-feeding pipeline and a deaerator recirculation pipeline, a second boiler water-feeding temperature PID controller 16 connected with the second boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 12 and the second boiler water-feeding temperature sensor 14, and a second boiler water-feeding pressure PID controller 17 connected with the second boiler water-feeding recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 and the second boiler water-feeding pressure transmitter 15.
The water inlets of the boiler water heat exchanger 1 and the boiler water heat exchanger 11 are communicated with a condensed water pipeline between a condensed water pump 21 and a low-pressure heater 22; the water outlets of the boiler water heat exchanger 1 and the boiler water heat exchanger 11 are communicated with the condensed water pipeline between the low-pressure heater 22 and the deaerator 23.
The water inlet of the first boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve 3 is communicated with a first boiler water supply pipeline between a first boiler drum water level regulating valve 8 and a first boiler water heat exchanger 1; and the water outlet of the first boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve 3 is communicated with a deaerator 23. The water inlet of the second boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 is communicated with a second boiler water supply pipeline between a second boiler drum water level regulating valve 18 and a second boiler water heat exchanger 11; and the water outlet of the second boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 is communicated with a deaerator 23.
The boiler drum water level regulating valve is positioned between the high-pressure heater 10 and the boiler, is a main means for regulating water feeding of the boiler and is the only way for feeding water to the boiler. Before the boiler is started, the boiler is supplied with process water with proper pressure and temperature through a boiler drum water level regulating valve. The greater the temperature difference between the process water in the boiler metal tube wall and the tube wall metal, the greater the possibility of brittle failure of the boiler metal tube wall, so that the pressure and temperature of the boiler process feed water cannot exceed the allowable range of the boiler metal tube wall temperature. In the unit of the two-furnace (including multi-furnace) main pipe water supply system, the second started boiler metal pipe has the possibility of brittle failure in the starting process. Under the prior art, when the second boiler needs to be started, in order to reduce the possibility of brittle failure of the metal pipe of the boiler, the first boiler needs to be stopped and started together; or the load of the first boiler is reduced, the proper feed water temperature and feed water pressure are waited, and then the second boiler is put into operation. In the process, the labor intensity of operators is multiplied, the possibility of misoperation at the stage is also greatly increased, and moreover, unnecessary economic loss is brought to enterprises.
As shown in fig. 1, the second boiler 20 is taken as an example of a second starting boiler, and the function of the present invention in the starting process of the second boiler 20 is specifically described. During the starting process of the boiler II 20 from the ignition to the combination with the main steam of the boiler I19, the temperature of the metal material on the pipe wall of the boiler II 20 changes, the temperature and the pressure of the feed water entering the boiler II 20 also change, in order to reduce the possibility of brittle failure of the metal tube walls of the second boiler 20 due to mismatch of the metal temperature of the second boiler 20 and the feedwater temperature and pressure, in the process from ignition start of the second boiler 20 to combination with main steam of the first boiler 19, the second boiler feed water pressure PID controller 17 controls the second boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve 13 in front of the second boiler 20 to be slowly turned down to 0% at the rate of 5%/h, so that the feed water pressure measured by the second boiler feed water pressure transmitter 15 is always within the feed water pressure range allowed by the metal material of the second boiler 20 in the load-increasing stage in the process of slowly approaching the pressure of a feed water main pipe from 0 MPa; the second boiler feed water temperature PID controller 16 gradually closes the water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve 12 at a rate of 2%/h to gradually reduce the flow of the condensate water entering the second boiler water heat exchanger 11 to 0t/h, so that the feed water temperature measured by the second boiler feed water temperature sensor 14 is controlled to be within the temperature range allowed by the metal pipe wall of the second boiler 20 in the temperature rising process. Along with the continuous promotion of No. two boiler 20 loads, No. two boiler 20 metal pipe wall temperature also constantly rises, and required feedwater pressure and temperature are also in the utility model discloses under the control of system, according to No. two boiler 20 metal pipe wall within range that allows, constantly rise with 2 degrees/min, until No. two boiler 20 main steam successfully merges into boiler 19.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a subcritical header system feedwater system boiler recirculation heat exchange start-up system which characterized in that: comprises a boiler water-water heat exchanger (1), a boiler water-feeding pressure transmitter (5) and a boiler water-feeding temperature sensor (4) which are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between a boiler drum water level regulating valve (8) and a boiler (19), a boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve (2) arranged on a refrigerant water return pipeline of the boiler water-water heat exchanger (1), and a boiler water-feeding recirculation pressure regulating valve (3) arranged on a boiler water supply pipeline and a deaerator recirculation pipeline, a first boiler feed water temperature PID controller (6) connected with the first boiler feed water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve (2) and the first boiler feed water temperature sensor (4), a first boiler feed water pressure PID controller (7) connected with the first boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve (3) and the first boiler feed water pressure transmitter (5);
also comprises a second boiler water-water heat exchanger (11), a second boiler water-feeding pressure transmitter (15) and a second boiler water-feeding temperature sensor (14) which are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the second boiler drum water level regulating valve (18) and the second boiler (20), a second boiler water-water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve (12) arranged on a refrigerant water return pipeline of the second boiler water-water heat exchanger (11), and a second boiler water-feeding recirculation pressure regulating valve (13) arranged on a second boiler water-feeding pipeline and a deaerator recirculation pipeline, a second boiler feed water temperature PID controller (16) connected with a second boiler water heat exchanger refrigerant flow regulating valve (12) and a second boiler feed water temperature sensor (14), and a second boiler feed water pressure PID controller (17) connected with the second boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve (13) and the second boiler feed water pressure transmitter (15).
2. The subcritical header feedwater system boiler recirculation heat exchange startup system of claim 1, wherein: the water inlets of the first boiler water heat exchanger (1) and the second boiler water heat exchanger (11) are communicated with a condensed water pipeline between a condensed water pump (21) and a low-pressure heater (22); the water outlets of the first boiler water heat exchanger (1) and the second boiler water heat exchanger (11) are communicated with condensed water pipelines between the low-pressure heater (22) and the deaerator (23).
3. The subcritical header feedwater system boiler recirculation heat exchange startup system of claim 1, wherein: the water inlet of the first boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve (3) is communicated with a first boiler water supply pipeline between the first boiler drum water level regulating valve (8) and the first boiler water heat exchanger (1), and the water outlet of the first boiler water supply recirculation pressure regulating valve (3) is communicated with a deaerator (23); the water inlet of the boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve (13) is communicated with a boiler feed water pipeline between the boiler drum water level regulating valve (18) and the boiler water heat exchanger (11), and the water outlet of the boiler feed water recirculation pressure regulating valve (13) is communicated with the deaerator (23).
CN202020558445.2U 2020-04-15 2020-04-15 Boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system of subcritical header control water supply system Active CN212252568U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202020558445.2U CN212252568U (en) 2020-04-15 2020-04-15 Boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system of subcritical header control water supply system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202020558445.2U CN212252568U (en) 2020-04-15 2020-04-15 Boiler recirculation heat exchange starting system of subcritical header control water supply system

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CN212252568U true CN212252568U (en) 2020-12-29

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