CN212251018U

CN212251018U - Differential gear

Info

Publication number: CN212251018U
Application number: CN202021160996.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 屠申富; 屠昌德
Original assignee: Yuhuan Dongfang Automobile Brake Factory
Current assignee: Yuhuan Dongfang Automobile Brake Factory
Priority date: 2020-06-20
Filing date: 2020-06-20
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-20

Abstract

The utility model provides a differential mechanism belongs to vehicle parts technical field. It has solved the poor problem of current differential mechanism job stabilization nature. This differential mechanism includes the shell, be equipped with the location axle in the shell, the location axle is close to both ends department and all is equipped with gasket and planetary gear, two planetary gear are located between two gaskets and a gasket side and correspond the planetary gear between form the sphere cooperation, the shell lateral part runs through and is provided with the through-hole that supplies the location axle both ends to wear to establish, the bush has still been cup jointed respectively at location axle both ends, through-hole department is located respectively to two bushes, two gaskets are located respectively between corresponding bush and the corresponding planetary gear, the terminal surface leans on the fitting surface that forms the face contact for pasting with the another side of gasket in the bush. The differential has the advantages of strong wear resistance, lower production cost, high working stability and the like.

Description

Differential gear

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the vehicle part, relate to differential mechanism, especially, relate to a differential mechanism for electric tricycle.

Background

The differential is an important system in the electric tricycle, and when a vehicle turns or runs on an uneven road surface, two rear wheels of the electric tricycle rotate at different rotating speeds, namely, the two wheels are ensured to do pure rolling motion. The planetary gear set mainly comprises a shell, two half-axle gears and two planetary gears, wherein the two half-axle gears and the two planetary gears are arranged in the shell, the two planetary gears are arranged on a shaft penetrating through the shell, the two planetary gears are respectively meshed with the two half-axle gears, and an input gear is fixed outside the shell. When the electric tricycle is used, two rear wheels of the electric tricycle are respectively connected with the two half shaft gears through the wheel shafts, the input gear receives power to drive the shell to rotate, and then the planetary gear rotates to drive the two half shaft gears to drive the two rear wheels of the electric tricycle to rotate.

Generally speaking, a spherical gasket is arranged between the planetary gear and the inner wall of the shell, and in the actual use process of the differential, the spherical gasket is easy to rotate along with the planetary gear under the action of friction force, and the spherical gasket is actually in line contact with the inner wall of the shell due to the difference between the shape of the inner cavity of the shell and the shape of the spherical gasket, so that the inner wall of the shell is seriously abraded, and the matching degree between the planetary gear and the side gear is reduced. In order to solve the above problems, some have improved the structure of the conventional differential, and proposed an electric vehicle and its transmission assembly, differential of patent application No. 201821589343.6, wherein the inner spherical surface is machined on the inner wall of the differential housing, so that one side surface of the spherical spacer is attached to the inner spherical surface, and the influence of the wear on the degree of fit between the planetary gear and the side gear is reduced by surface contact.

However, in the actual production process, the casing is generally formed by combining two shells, and considering the problem of mounting the two side gears and the two planetary gears, the requirement on the machining process is very high and the machining precision is difficult to ensure no matter the inner wall of one of the shells is machined into the form of the inner spherical surface or the inner walls of the two shells are machined into the form of the inner spherical surface, so that the actually machined inner spherical surface is difficult to be attached to one side of the spherical gasket, and thus eccentric wear occurs between the spherical gasket and the inner wall of the casing, so that the matching precision between the planetary gear and the side gear is reduced, and the working stability of the differential is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, provide a differential mechanism, solved the poor problem of job stabilization nature.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal:

differential mechanism, which comprises an outer shell, the shell in be equipped with the location axle, the location axle is close to both ends department and all overlaps and is equipped with gasket and planetary gear, two planetary gear are located between two gaskets and a gasket side and correspond and form the sphere cooperation between the planetary gear, the shell lateral part runs through and is provided with the through-hole that supplies the location axle both ends to wear to establish, its characterized in that, location axle both ends still cup jointed the bush respectively, through-hole department is located respectively to two bushes, two gaskets are located respectively and correspond between the bush and the planetary gear, the terminal surface pastes the fitting surface that forms the face contact for leaning on with the another side of gasket in the bush.

The gasket is clamped between the planetary gear and the bushing, and one side face of the gasket is attached to and matched with the matching surface of the bushing to form surface contact, so that the gasket is not contacted with the inner wall of the mounting cavity any more, and abrasion between the gasket and the inner wall of the mounting cavity after the differential works for a long time is eliminated. In addition, because the bush is independent of the shell, the wear resistance can be improved by only selecting a metal material with higher hardness for the bush, the gasket is not easy to wear so as to ensure the meshing precision between the planetary gear and the side gear, and the production cost of the differential is lower by only improving the hardness of the bush. In the prior art, because the matched surfaces are directly machined on the inner wall of the shell, the whole shell is correspondingly directly made of metal materials with higher hardness, and the production cost is undoubtedly greatly increased. Meanwhile, the end part of the bushing is machined to form a matching surface, so that the machining process is more convenient, the difficulty is lower, the machining precision of the matching surface is ensured, a better matching degree can be formed between the matching surface and the gasket, eccentric wear is less prone to occurring, the meshing precision between the planetary gear and the half shaft gear is reduced, and the working stability of the differential is improved.

In the differential, the mating surface is a concave spherical surface or a plane surface.

Whether the inner concave spherical surface or the plane surface is adopted, the processing on the bush is simpler, the precision is better controlled, and meanwhile, the inner concave spherical surface or the plane surface can be better matched to form surface contact.

In the differential mechanism, the bush comprises a cylindrical sleeve body and a circular block fixedly connected to the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve body, the cylindrical sleeve body and the circular block are coaxially arranged, the outer diameter of the circular block is larger than that of the cylindrical sleeve body, the cylindrical sleeve body is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode, the matching surface is arranged on the circular block, and the center hole of the cylindrical sleeve body is arranged on the matching surface.

Through setting up the bush into the cylinder sleeve body and round piece, the cylinder sleeve body wears to establish the location of realizing the bush in the through-hole, and the setting of round piece then makes can process the fitting surface on the bush and come to cooperate with the gasket to guarantee differential mechanism's job stabilization nature.

In the differential described above, the outer edge surface of the spacer is flush with the outer edge surface of the circular block.

In the differential mechanism, the inner end of the circular block protrudes out of the inner wall of the shell.

The inner end of the circular block protrudes out of the inner wall of the shell, and the outer edge surface of the gasket is flush with the outer edge surface of the circular block, so that the possibility that the gasket is contacted with the inner wall of the shell is further eliminated.

In the differential, the bush is made of 20 chromium materials.

The bush is made of 20 chromium materials, so that the bush can have higher hardness, when the differential mechanism works, abrasion between a matching surface and the gasket is not easy to occur, and the matching precision can be well ensured.

In the differential mechanism, the outer shell comprises a first shell and a second shell which are fixed with each other, the first shell and the second shell are both in a cylinder shape with one side opened, and the through hole comprises a first semicircular hole arranged on one side surface of the first shell and a second semicircular hole arranged on one side surface of the second shell.

Put on casing one open-ended one side after the location axle cup joints planetary gear, gasket and bush, half of the cylinder cover body of bush is embedded into semi-circular hole one, then with casing two fixed together make the second half of the cylinder cover body be embedded into semi-circular hole two, half circular hole one just can piece together with semi-circular hole two like this and be the through-hole of wearing to establish the relation with the cylinder cover body. The semi-circular hole I and the semi-circular hole II are very simple in machining process, and machining precision is easy to control.

In the differential mechanism, a first semicircular seat is arranged between one side surface of the opening of the first shell and the inner wall, a second semicircular seat is arranged between one side surface of the opening of the second shell and the inner wall, and the circular block is embedded between the first semicircular seat and the second semicircular seat.

When the first shell and the second shell are fixed into the shell, the round block is embedded in the first semicircular seat and the second semicircular seat, so that the bushing can be abutted to prevent the bushing from moving outwards, the matching surface on the bushing can be firmly attached to one side surface of the gasket, and the working stability of the differential is guaranteed. Moreover, the first semicircular seat and the second semicircular seat are very simple in machining process, and machining precision is easy to control. In addition, the first semicircular seat and the second semicircular seat are only used for realizing axial positioning of the bushing, and the bushing does not rotate when the differential works, so that the requirement on the machining precision of the first semicircular seat and the second semicircular seat is low, and the first semicircular seat and the second semicircular seat only need to be partially matched with the semicircular block.

In the differential mechanism, the positioning shaft comprises a shaft body and connectors fixedly connected to the centers of two end faces of the shaft body, the outer diameter of each connector is smaller than that of the shaft body, the bushings are sleeved on the connectors, and the bottom of the matching surface is provided with an annular stop surface which abuts against the end face of the shaft body.

The bush is supported against the end surface of the shaft body by the annular stop surface after being sleeved on the connecting head, so that the positioning shaft is limited by the two bushes to move, the bush, the gasket, the positioning shaft and the planetary gear can be stably matched together, and the working stability of the differential is further ensured.

In the differential mechanism, as another technical solution, the outer casing includes a first casing and a second casing that are fixed to each other, the first casing and the second casing are both in a cylindrical shape with an opening at one side, and the through hole is formed in the first casing.

Compared with the prior art, the differential has the following advantages:

1. the gasket is attached to the matching surface of the bushing to form spherical matching, so that the gasket is not contacted with the inner wall of the shell any more, and the abrasion of the inner wall of the shell is eliminated;

2. the bush is independent of the shell, so that the wear resistance can be improved by only selecting a harder metal material for the bush, the gasket is not easy to wear, the meshing precision between the planetary gear and the side gear is ensured, and the production cost is lower;

3. the end part of the bushing is processed with a matching surface, so that the processing process is more convenient, the difficulty is lower, the processing precision of the matching surface is ensured, the matching surface and the gasket can form better fitting degree, and the working stability of the differential is improved;

4. the bushing prevents the positioning shaft from directly contacting the inner wall of the through hole, and eliminates the abrasion between the positioning shaft and the shell.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present differential.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the first embodiment of the differential.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of one end of the positioning shaft of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bushing in the present differential.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first housing in a first embodiment of the differential.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the second housing of the first embodiment of the differential.

In the figure, 1, a housing; 1a, mounting a cavity; 1b, a through hole; 2. a first shell; 2a, connecting a hole I; 2b, a semicircular hole I; 2c, a semicircular seat I; 3. a second shell; 3a, connecting holes II; 3b, a semicircular hole II; 3c, a semicircular seat II; 4. an input gear; 5. a planetary gear; 6. a half shaft gear; 6a, a spline hole; 7. positioning the shaft; 7a, a shaft body; 7b, a connector; 8. a gasket; 9. a bushing; 9a, a cylindrical sleeve body; 9b, a circular block; 9b1, mating surface; 9b2, annular stop surface; 10. a fastener.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example one

The differential comprises a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 comprises a first shell 2 and a second shell 3 which are fixed through a fastener 10. The first shell 2 and the second shell 3 are both in a cylinder shape with one side opened, and an inner cavity of the first shell 2 and an inner cavity of the second shell 3 form an installation cavity 1a of the shell 1. The outer side of the first shell 2 is fixedly connected with an input gear 4, and the two are of an integrated structure. Two planet gears 5 and two half-axle gears 6 are arranged in the mounting cavity 1a, and the two planet gears 5 are respectively meshed with the two half-axle gears 6. Be equipped with location axle 7 in the installation cavity 1a, two planetary gear 5 cup joint respectively and are being close to both ends department at location axle 7, and the lateral part of shell 1 runs through and is provided with the through-hole 1b that supplies location axle 7 both ends to wear to establish. Be equipped with connecting hole one 2a on casing 2, be equipped with connecting hole two 3a on casing two 3, the axial region of two half axle gears 6 is equallyd divide and is stretched into respectively connecting hole one 2a and connecting hole two 3a in, and runs through on two half axle gears 6 and be provided with splined hole 6a, and two rear wheels of electric tricycle are connected respectively through splined hole 6a to two half axle gears 6.

In operation, the input gear 4 receives power to rotate. The input gear 4 is fixedly connected with the first shell 2 to enable the whole shell 1 to rotate, so that the shell 1 drives the positioning shaft 7 to rotate, the two planetary gears 5 are enabled to rotate, the two half axle gears 6 are driven to rotate, and finally the two rear wheels of the electric tricycle can rotate correspondingly.

The positioning shaft 7 is also sleeved with gaskets 8 near two ends, and the two planetary gears 5 are positioned between the two gaskets 8. And two ends of the positioning shaft 7 are respectively sleeved with a bush 9, and the two bushes 9 are respectively arranged at the through holes 1 b. The two spacers 8 are respectively located between the corresponding bushing 9 and the corresponding planetary gear 5, and the inner end surface of the bushing 9 is a matching surface 9b1 which is abutted against one side surface of the spacer 8 to form surface contact. In the present embodiment, the mating surface 9b1 is a concave spherical surface, one side of the planetary gear 5 has a convex spherical surface, and the other side of the gasket 8 abuts against the convex spherical surface of the planetary gear 5.

Further, the bushing 9 includes a cylindrical sleeve body 9a and a circular block 9b fixedly connected to the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve body 9a, the cylindrical sleeve body 9a and the circular block 9b are coaxially disposed, the outer diameter of the circular block 9b is larger than that of the cylindrical sleeve body 9a, the cylindrical sleeve body 9a is arranged in the through hole 1b in a penetrating manner, the matching surface 9b1 is arranged on the circular block 9b, the center hole of the cylindrical sleeve body 9a is formed in the matching surface 9b1, and the outer edge surface of the gasket 8 is flush with the outer edge surface of the circular block 9 b. One 2 open-ended sides of casing one are equipped with semicircular hole one 2b, and the second 3 open-ended sides of casing correspond and are equipped with semicircular hole two 3b, and semicircular hole one 2b constitutes through-hole 1b with semicircular hole two 3b, and support column 9b is located through-hole 1 b. A semicircular seat I2 c is arranged between one side face of the opening of the first shell 2 and the inner wall of the opening of the first shell, a semicircular hole I2 b is communicated with the semicircular seat I2 c, a semicircular seat II 3c is arranged between one side face of the opening of the second shell 3 and the inner wall of the opening of the second shell, the semicircular hole II is communicated with the semicircular seat II 3c, and the circular block 9b is clamped between the semicircular seat I2 c and the semicircular seat II 3 c. Further, during actual machining, the circular block 9b may be alternatively arranged such that the inner end thereof protrudes from the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1a, and the gasket 8 is made of 20 chromium.

Furthermore, the positioning shaft 7 comprises a shaft body 7a and a connector 7b fixedly connected to the centers of two end faces of the shaft body 7a, and the outer diameter of the connector 7b is smaller than that of the shaft body 7 a. The planetary gear 5 and the gasket 8 are sleeved at two ends of the shaft body 7a, the bushing 9 is sleeved on the connector 7b, and the bottom of the matching surface 9b1 is provided with an annular stop surface 9b2 which is abutted against the end surface of the shaft body 7 a.

During assembly, the planetary gear 5, the gasket 8 and the bush 9 are sequentially sleeved on one end of the positioning shaft 7, and the other end of the positioning shaft 7 is also sleeved with the planetary gear 5, the gasket 8 and the bush 9. The positioning shaft 7 is then placed at the side of the opening of the case one 2 so that both the planetary gears 5 are brought into engagement with the side gear 6 placed in the case one 2, while the half bush 9 is fitted into the semicircular seat one 2c of the case one 2 and the half support post 9b is fitted into the semicircular hole one 2b of the case one 2. Then, the first case 2 and the second case 3 are fixed together by the fastener 10, the other half of the bush 9 is fitted into the second semicircular seat 3c of the second case 3 and the other half of the support post 9b is fitted into the second semicircular hole 3b of the second case 3, and both the planetary gears 5 are engaged with the side gear 6 placed in the second case 3.

After the assembly is completed, the gasket 8 is clamped between the planet gear 5 and the bush 9, and two side surfaces of the gasket 8 are respectively attached to the convex spherical surface on the planet gear 5 and the matching surface 9b1 at the inner end of the bush 9. The gasket 8 and the bush 9 form surface contact, so that the gasket 8 is not contacted with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1a any more, and the abrasion between the gasket 8 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1a after the differential works for a long time is eliminated. Also, since the bush 9 is independent of the housing 1, the wear resistance can be improved by selecting only the harder metal material for the bush 9, and the gasket 8 is made less susceptible to wear to ensure the accuracy of engagement between the planetary gear 5 and the side gear 6. Meanwhile, the matching surface 9b1 which is a concave spherical surface is machined at the end part of the bushing 9, so that the machining process is more convenient, the difficulty is lower, the machining precision of the matching surface 9b1 is ensured, a better fitting degree can be formed between the matching surface 9b1 and the gasket 8, and the reduction of the meshing precision between the planetary gear 5 and the side gear 6 due to eccentric wear is less prone to occurring.

Example two

The structure and principle of this embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the shell comprises a first shell 2 and a second shell 3 which are fixed through fasteners, the first shell 2 and the second shell 3 are both in a cylindrical shape with one side opened, and the through hole 1b is formed in the first shell 2.

EXAMPLE III

The structure and principle of this embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the other side surface of the spacer 8 is a flat surface, and the mating surface 9b1 is a flat surface.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. Differential mechanism, including shell (1), shell (1) in be equipped with location axle (7), location axle (7) are close to both ends department and all are equipped with gasket (8) and planetary gear (5), two planetary gear (5) are located between two gaskets (8) and gasket (8) side and correspond and form the sphere cooperation between planetary gear (5), shell (1) lateral part runs through and is provided with through-hole (1b) that supply location axle (7) both ends to wear to establish, a serial communication port, location axle (7) both ends still cup jointed bush (9) respectively, through-hole (1b) department is located respectively in two bush (9), two gasket (8) are located respectively and correspond between bush (9) and corresponding planetary gear (5), terminal surface leans on fitting surface (9b1) that form the face contact for leaning on with gasket (8) another side in bush (9).

2. The differential of claim 1, wherein said mating surface (9b1) is concave spherical or flat.

3. The differential gear according to claim 2, wherein the bushing (9) comprises a cylindrical sleeve body (9a) and a circular block (9b) fixedly connected to the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve body (9a), the cylindrical sleeve body (9a) and the circular block (9b) are coaxially arranged, the outer diameter of the circular block (9b) is larger than that of the cylindrical sleeve body (9a), the cylindrical sleeve body (9a) is arranged in the through hole (1b) in a penetrating manner, the matching surface (9b1) is arranged on the circular block (9b), and the central hole of the cylindrical sleeve body (9a) is arranged on the matching surface (9b 1).

4. Differential according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer edge surface of the spacer (8) is flush with the outer edge surface of the circular block (9 b).

5. Differential according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner end of the circular block (9b) protrudes from the inner wall of the housing (1).

6. Differential according to claim 5, characterized in that said bush (9) is made of 20 chromium material.

7. The differential gear according to claim 3, wherein the housing (1) comprises a first housing (2) and a second housing (3) which are fixed to each other, the first housing (2) and the second housing (3) are both cylindrical with one side open, and the through hole (1b) comprises a first semicircular hole (2b) formed in one side surface of the opening of the first housing (2) and a second semicircular hole (3b) formed in one side surface of the opening of the second housing (3).

8. The differential gear according to claim 7, wherein a first semicircular seat (2c) is arranged between one side surface of the opening of the first casing (2) and the inner wall, a second semicircular seat (3c) is arranged between one side surface of the opening of the second casing (3) and the inner wall, and the circular block (9b) is embedded between the first semicircular seat (2c) and the second semicircular seat (3 c).

9. The differential gear according to claim 8, characterized in that the positioning shaft (7) comprises a shaft body (7a) and a connector (7b) fixedly connected to the centers of two end faces of the shaft body (7a), the outer diameter of the connector (7b) is smaller than that of the shaft body (7a), the bushing (9) is sleeved on the connector (7b), and the bottom of the matching surface (9b1) is provided with an annular stop surface (9b2) abutting against the end face of the shaft body (7 a).

10. The differential gear according to claim 3, wherein the housing (1) comprises a first case (2) and a second case (3) which are fixed with each other, the first case (2) and the second case (3) are both in a cylindrical shape with one side opened, and the through hole (1b) is formed in the first case (2).