CN212251018U - differential - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a differential gear, which belongs to the technical field of vehicle components. It solves the problem of poor working stability of the existing differential. The differential comprises a casing, a positioning shaft is arranged in the casing, a gasket and a planetary gear are sleeved at both ends of the positioning shaft, and the two planetary gears are located between the two gaskets and between one side of the gasket and the corresponding planetary gears Forming a spherical fit, the side of the casing is provided with through holes for the two ends of the positioning shaft to pass through, and the two ends of the positioning shaft are also sleeved with bushings, the two bushings are respectively arranged at the through holes, and the two gaskets are located in the corresponding bushings. Between the sleeve and the corresponding planetary gear, the inner end surface of the bushing is a mating surface that is in surface contact with the other side surface of the washer. The differential has the advantages of strong anti-wear performance, lower production cost and high working stability.

Description

differential

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicle components, and relates to a differential gear, in particular to a differential gear used for an electric tricycle.

Background technique

The differential is a very important system in an electric tricycle. When the vehicle is turning or driving on an uneven road, the two rear wheels of the electric tricycle rotate at different speeds, that is, to ensure the pure rolling motion of the two wheels. It mainly includes a casing, two side gears and two planetary gears arranged inside, the two planetary gears are arranged on a shaft passing through the casing, and the two planetary gears are formed with the two side gears respectively. meshing, and an input gear is fixed outside the casing. When in use, the two rear wheels of the electric tricycle are respectively connected with the two half shaft gears through the axles, and the input gear receives the power to rotate with the outer casing, so as to make the planetary gear rotate and drive the two half shaft gears with the electric tricycle. The two rear wheels turn.

Generally speaking, a spherical gasket is set between the planetary gear and the inner wall of the casing. During the actual use of the differential, the spherical gasket is easy to rotate with the planetary gear under the action of friction. Due to the shape of the inner cavity of the casing and the spherical surface The difference in the shape of the gasket leads to the fact that the spherical gasket and the inner wall of the housing are actually in line contact, which will cause serious wear on the inner wall of the housing, resulting in a decrease in the fit between the planetary gear and the side gear. In order to solve the above problems, some people have improved the structure of the traditional differential, and proposed an electric vehicle and its transmission assembly and differential with the patent application number of 201821589343.6. Spherical surface, one side of the spherical gasket is attached to the inner spherical surface, and the influence of wear on the fit between the planetary gear and the side gear is reduced by surface contact.

However, in the actual production process, the casing is generally composed of two casings. Considering the installation of the two side gears and the two planetary gears, whether the inner wall of one of the casings is Whether it is processed into a form with an inner spherical surface, or the inner walls of the two shells are processed into a form with a semi-internal spherical surface, the requirements for the processing technology are very high, and the processing accuracy is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, the actual processing of the inner spherical surface It is difficult to form a fit with one side of the spherical gasket, so that there will be eccentric wear between the spherical gasket and the inner wall of the casing, which will reduce the matching accuracy between the planetary gear and the side gear, which will affect the differential. Work stability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present utility model is to solve the problem of poor working stability by aiming at the above problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a differential gear.

The purpose of this utility model can be realized by following technical scheme:

The differential includes a casing, a positioning shaft is arranged in the casing, a gasket and a planetary gear are sleeved near both ends of the positioning shaft, the two planetary gears are located between the two gaskets, and one side of the gasket is connected to the corresponding planetary gear. A spherical fit is formed between the gears, and through holes for passing through the two ends of the positioning shaft are provided through the side of the casing. At the hole, the two gaskets are respectively located between the corresponding bushing and the corresponding planetary gear, and the inner end surface of the bushing is a mating surface that is in surface contact with the other side surface of the gasket.

The gasket is sandwiched between the planetary gear and the bushing, and one side of the gasket is in contact with the mating surface of the bushing, so that the gasket is no longer in contact with the inner wall of the installation cavity, which eliminates the need for the differential to work for a long time. Wear between the gasket and the inner wall of the mounting cavity. Moreover, since the bushing is independent of the housing, the anti-wear performance can be improved by selecting only the metal material with higher hardness for the bushing, so that the gasket is not easily worn to ensure the meshing accuracy between the planetary gear and the side gear. , the method of only increasing the hardness of the bushing also makes the production cost of the differential lower. In the prior art, since the mating surface is directly processed on the inner wall of the casing, correspondingly, the entire casing is directly made of a metal material with higher hardness, which will undoubtedly greatly increase the production cost. At the same time, it is more convenient and less difficult to process the mating surface at the end of the bushing, which ensures the machining accuracy of the mating surface, so that a better degree of fit can be formed between the mating surface and the gasket. It is less likely that eccentric wear occurs, which reduces the meshing precision between the planetary gear and the side gear, thereby improving the working stability of the differential.

In the above differential, the mating surface is a concave spherical surface or a flat surface.

Whether it is a concave spherical surface or a flat surface, it is relatively simple to process on the bushing, with good precision control, and at the same time, it can be well matched to form surface contact.

In the above differential, the bushing includes a cylindrical sleeve body and a circular block fixed to the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve, the cylindrical sleeve body and the circular block are arranged coaxially, and the outer diameter of the circular block is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical sleeve The diameter of the cylindrical sleeve body is penetrated in the through hole, the mating surface is arranged on the circular block, and the central hole of the cylindrical sleeve body is opened to the mating surface.

By arranging the bushing into a cylindrical bushing body and a circular block, the cylindrical bushing body penetrates through the through hole to realize the positioning of the bushing, and the setting of the circular block enables the mating surface to be processed on the bushing to match the gasket. Cooperate to ensure the working stability of the differential.

In the above differential, the outer edge surface of the spacer is flush with the outer edge surface of the circular block.

In the above differential, the inner end of the circular block protrudes from the inner wall of the casing.

The inner end of the circular block protrudes from the inner wall of the casing and the outer edge surface of the gasket is flush with the outer edge surface of the circular block, which further eliminates the possibility of the gasket contacting the inner wall of the casing.

In the above differential, the bushing is made of 20 chrome material.

The bushing is made of 20 chrome material, so that the bushing can have a relatively high hardness, so that when the differential is working, the mating surface and the gasket are not easy to wear, and the mating accuracy can be well guaranteed.

In the above differential, the casing includes a casing 1 and a casing 2 that are fixed to each other, the casing 1 and the casing 2 are both cylindrical with one side open, and the through hole includes a casing 1 and an opening 1 of the casing 1. The first semicircular hole on the side surface and the second semicircular hole located on the side surface of the opening one side of the casing two.

After the positioning shaft is sleeved with the planetary gear, the gasket and the bushing, it is placed on the side of the opening of the casing. The two are fixed together so that the other half of the cylindrical sleeve is embedded in the second semicircular hole, so that the first semicircular hole and the second semicircular hole can be assembled into a through hole that is in a penetrating relationship with the cylindrical sleeve. The semicircular hole 1 and the semicircular hole 2 are very simple for the machining process, and the machining accuracy is easy to control.

In the differential gear described above, a semicircular seat 1 is provided between a side surface of the opening of the housing 1 and the inner wall, and a semi-circular seat 2 is provided between the side surface of the opening of the housing 2 and the inner wall. The shape block is embedded between the first semicircular seat and the second semicircular seat.

When the housing 1 and the housing 2 are fixed into a shell, the circular block is embedded in the semi-circular seat 1 and the semi-circular seat 2, so that the bushing can be held up so that it cannot move outward, so as to ensure the bushing The mating surface on the upper can be firmly abutted with one side of the gasket to ensure the working stability of the differential. Moreover, the semicircular seat 1 and the semicircular seat 2 are also very simple in terms of processing technology, and the machining accuracy is easy to control. In addition, the semi-circular seat 1 and the semi-circular seat 2 are only used to realize the axial positioning of the bushing, and when the differential is working, the bushing does not rotate, so the semi-circular seat 1 and the semi-circular seat Second, the processing accuracy requirements are very low, and it only needs to be partially matched with the semicircular block.

In the above differential, the positioning shaft includes a shaft body and a connecting head fixed to the center of both ends of the shaft body, the outer diameter of the connecting head is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft, the bushing is sleeved on the connecting head, and the bottom of the mating surface is provided with There is an annular stop surface abutting against the end face of the shaft body.

After the bushing is on the connecting head, the annular stop surface abuts against the end face of the shaft body, so that the two bushings restrict the movement of the positioning shaft, so that the bushing, gasket, positioning shaft and planetary gear can be stably matched together , which further ensures the working stability of the differential.

In the above-mentioned differential, as another technical solution, the casing includes a casing 1 and a casing 2 that are fixed to each other, the casing 1 and the casing 2 are both cylindrical with one side open, and the through hole on the shell.

Compared with the prior art, the differential has the following advantages:

1. The mating surfaces of the gasket and the bushing are abutted to form a spherical surface, so that the gasket is no longer in contact with the inner wall of the shell, and the wear of the inner wall of the shell is eliminated;

2. The bushing is set independently of the outer casing, so the wear resistance can be improved by only choosing a harder metal material for the bushing, so that the gasket is not easily worn to ensure the meshing accuracy between the planetary gear and the side gear, and lower production costs;

3. It is more convenient and less difficult to process the mating surface at the end of the bushing, which ensures the machining accuracy of the mating surface, so that a better fit can be formed between the mating surface and the gasket. Improve the working stability of the differential;

4. The bushing makes the positioning shaft not in direct contact with the inner wall of the through hole, and also eliminates the wear between the positioning shaft and the casing.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the differential.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the first embodiment of the differential.

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of one end of the positioning shaft in FIG. 2 .

Figure 4 is a schematic view of the bushing in the present differential.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a housing 1 in the first embodiment of the differential.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the second housing in the first embodiment of the differential.

In the figure, 1, shell; 1a, installation cavity; 1b, through hole; 2, shell one; 2a, connecting hole one; 2b, semicircular hole one; 2c, semicircular seat one; 3, shell two ;3a, connecting hole two; 3b, semicircular hole two; 3c, semicircular seat two; 4, input gear; 5, planetary gear; 6, side gear; 6a, spline hole; 7, positioning shaft; 7a, shaft body; 7b, connector; 8, gasket; 9, bushing; 9a, cylindrical sleeve body; 9b, circular block; 9b1, mating surface; 9b2, annular stop surface; 10, fastener.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present utility model combined with the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present utility model, but the present utility model is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1

The differential includes a casing 1 , and the casing 1 includes a casing 1 2 and a casing 2 3 fixed by fasteners 10 . The housing 1 2 and the housing 2 3 are both cylindrical with one side open, and the inner cavity of the housing 1 2 and the inner cavity of the housing 2 3 constitute the installation cavity 1 a of the housing 1 . An input gear 4 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the housing one 2, and the two are integral structures. The installation cavity 1a is provided with two planetary gears 5 and two side gears 6, and the two planetary gears 5 are meshed with the two side gears 6 respectively. The installation cavity 1a is provided with a positioning shaft 7, and the two planetary gears 5 are respectively sleeved on the two ends of the positioning shaft 7. The housing one 2 is provided with a connecting hole one 2a, and the housing two 3 is provided with a connecting hole two 3a. The shafts of the two side gears 6 are respectively protruded into the connecting hole one 2a and the connecting hole two 3a, and are located between the two. A spline hole 6a is provided through the side gear 6, and the two side gears 6 are respectively connected to the two rear wheels of the electric tricycle through the spline hole 6a.

During operation, the input gear 4 receives power to rotate. The input gear 4 is fixedly connected with the casing 1 to make the entire casing 1 rotate, so that the casing 1 rotates with the positioning shaft 7, thereby causing the two planetary gears 5 to rotate, thereby driving the two half shaft gears 6 to rotate. The two rear wheels turn accordingly.

The positioning shaft 7 is also sleeved with spacers 8 near both ends, and the two planetary gears 5 are located between the two spacers 8 . Both ends of the positioning shaft 7 are also sleeved with bushings 9 respectively, and the two bushings 9 are respectively arranged at the through holes 1b. The two spacers 8 are respectively located between the corresponding bushings 9 and the corresponding planetary gears 5 , and the inner end surface of the bushings 9 is a mating surface 9b1 that is in surface contact with a side surface of the washer 8 . In this embodiment, the mating surface 9b1 is an inner concave spherical surface, one side of the planetary gear 5 has an outer convex spherical surface, and the other side surface of the washer 8 is in contact with the outer convex spherical surface of the planetary gear 5 .

Further, the bushing 9 includes a cylindrical casing 9a and a circular block 9b fixed to the inner end of the cylindrical casing 9a. The cylindrical casing 9a and the circular block 9b are arranged coaxially and the outer diameter of the circular block 9b is larger than that of the cylindrical casing. 9a, the cylindrical sleeve body 9a is penetrated in the through hole 1b, the mating surface 9b1 is provided on the circular block 9b and the center hole of the cylindrical sleeve body 9a is opened on the mating surface 9b1, the outer edge surface of the gasket 8 and the circular The outer edge faces of the blocks 9b are flush with each other. A semicircular hole 1 2b is provided on one side of the opening of the housing 1 2, and a semicircular hole 2 3b is correspondingly provided on one side of the opening of the housing 2 3. The semicircular hole 1 2b and the semicircular hole 2 3b form a connection. hole 1b, the support post 9b is located in the through hole 1b. A semicircular seat 1 2c is arranged between one side of the opening of the housing 12 and its inner wall, the semicircular hole 1 2b is communicated with the semicircular seat 1 2c, and a side surface of the opening of the housing 23 and its inner wall is provided. There is a second semi-circular seat 3c, the second semi-circular hole communicates with the second semi-circular seat 3c, and the circular block 9b is sandwiched between the first semi-circular seat 2c and the second semi-circular seat 3c. Further, in actual processing, the circular block 9b can also be selected so that the inner end protrudes from the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1a, and the gasket 8 is made of 20 chrome.

Further, the positioning shaft 7 includes a shaft body 7a and a connecting head 7b fixedly connected to the center of both ends of the shaft body 7a, and the outer diameter of the connecting head 7b is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft body 7a. The planetary gear 5 and the washer 8 are sleeved on both ends of the shaft body 7a, the bushing 9 is sleeved on the connecting head 7b, and the bottom of the mating surface 9b1 is provided with an annular stop surface 9b2 abutting against the end surface of the shaft body 7a.

During assembly, the planetary gear 5 , the washer 8 and the bushing 9 are sequentially sleeved onto one end of the positioning shaft 7 , and the other end of the positioning shaft 7 is similarly sleeved with the planetary gear 5 , the washer 8 and the bushing 9 . Then, the positioning shaft 7 is placed on one side of the opening of the housing one 2, so that the two planetary gears 5 are meshed with the side gear 6 placed in the housing one 2, and the half bushing 9 is embedded in the housing one 2. The semicircular seat 1 2c and the half support column 9b are embedded in the semicircular hole 1 2b of the housing 1 2. Next, use the fasteners 10 to fix the housing one 2 and the housing two 3 together, the other half of the bushing 9 is embedded in the semicircular seat two 3c on the second housing 3 and the other half of the support column 9b is embedded into the housing In the semi-circular hole 2 3 b on the body 2 3 , the two planetary gears 5 are meshed with the side gear 6 placed in the housing 2 3 .

After the assembly is completed, the washer 8 is sandwiched between the planetary gear 5 and the bushing 9 , and the two sides of the washer 8 are respectively attached to the outer convex spherical surface on the planetary gear 5 and the mating surface 9b1 of the inner end of the bushing 9 . Surface contact is formed between the gasket 8 and the bushing 9, so that the gasket 8 is no longer in contact with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1a, which eliminates the wear between the gasket 8 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1a after the differential works for a long time. In addition, since the bushing 9 is independent of the casing 1, only the bushing 9 can be made of a harder metal material to improve the anti-wear performance, so that the gasket 8 is not easily worn to ensure the planetary gear 5 and the side gear. Meshing accuracy between 6. At the same time, it is more convenient and less difficult to process the mating surface 9b1 of the inner concave spherical surface at the end of the bushing 9, which ensures the machining accuracy of the mating surface 9b1, so that the gap between the mating surface 9b1 and the gasket 8 is It is also possible to form a better fit, which is less likely to cause eccentric wear and reduce the meshing accuracy between the planetary gear 5 and the side gear 6 .

Embodiment 2

The structure and principle of this embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, the difference is that the outer casing includes a casing 1 2 and a casing 2 3 fixed by fasteners, and the casing 1 2 and the casing 2 3 are both in the same shape. The cylindrical shape with side opening, the through hole 1b is provided on the shell one 2.

Embodiment 3

The structure and principle of this embodiment are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, the difference is that the other side of the gasket 8 is flat, and the mating surface 9b1 is flat.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or replace them in similar ways, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the appended claims the defined range.

Claims (10)

1. Differential mechanism, including shell (1), shell (1) in be equipped with location axle (7), location axle (7) are close to both ends department and all are equipped with gasket (8) and planetary gear (5), two planetary gear (5) are located between two gaskets (8) and gasket (8) side and correspond and form the sphere cooperation between planetary gear (5), shell (1) lateral part runs through and is provided with through-hole (1b) that supply location axle (7) both ends to wear to establish, a serial communication port, location axle (7) both ends still cup jointed bush (9) respectively, through-hole (1b) department is located respectively in two bush (9), two gasket (8) are located respectively and correspond between bush (9) and corresponding planetary gear (5), terminal surface leans on fitting surface (9b1) that form the face contact for leaning on with gasket (8) another side in bush (9).

2. The differential of claim 1, wherein said mating surface (9b1) is concave spherical or flat.

3. The differential gear according to claim 2, wherein the bushing (9) comprises a cylindrical sleeve body (9a) and a circular block (9b) fixedly connected to the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve body (9a), the cylindrical sleeve body (9a) and the circular block (9b) are coaxially arranged, the outer diameter of the circular block (9b) is larger than that of the cylindrical sleeve body (9a), the cylindrical sleeve body (9a) is arranged in the through hole (1b) in a penetrating manner, the matching surface (9b1) is arranged on the circular block (9b), and the central hole of the cylindrical sleeve body (9a) is arranged on the matching surface (9b 1).

4. Differential according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer edge surface of the spacer (8) is flush with the outer edge surface of the circular block (9 b).

5. Differential according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner end of the circular block (9b) protrudes from the inner wall of the housing (1).

6. Differential according to claim 5, characterized in that said bush (9) is made of 20 chromium material.

7. The differential gear according to claim 3, wherein the housing (1) comprises a first housing (2) and a second housing (3) which are fixed to each other, the first housing (2) and the second housing (3) are both cylindrical with one side open, and the through hole (1b) comprises a first semicircular hole (2b) formed in one side surface of the opening of the first housing (2) and a second semicircular hole (3b) formed in one side surface of the opening of the second housing (3).

8. The differential gear according to claim 7, wherein a first semicircular seat (2c) is arranged between one side surface of the opening of the first casing (2) and the inner wall, a second semicircular seat (3c) is arranged between one side surface of the opening of the second casing (3) and the inner wall, and the circular block (9b) is embedded between the first semicircular seat (2c) and the second semicircular seat (3 c).

9. The differential gear according to claim 8, characterized in that the positioning shaft (7) comprises a shaft body (7a) and a connector (7b) fixedly connected to the centers of two end faces of the shaft body (7a), the outer diameter of the connector (7b) is smaller than that of the shaft body (7a), the bushing (9) is sleeved on the connector (7b), and the bottom of the matching surface (9b1) is provided with an annular stop surface (9b2) abutting against the end face of the shaft body (7 a).

10. The differential gear according to claim 3, wherein the housing (1) comprises a first case (2) and a second case (3) which are fixed with each other, the first case (2) and the second case (3) are both in a cylindrical shape with one side opened, and the through hole (1b) is formed in the first case (2).

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