CN212250893U

CN212250893U - Multi-ratchet clutch

Info

Publication number: CN212250893U
Application number: CN202020332755.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹世和
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-17
Filing date: 2020-03-17
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-17

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-ratchet clutch, which comprises a driving ratchet, a pawl, an elastic element, a pawl seat, a front driven ratchet group and a rear driven ratchet group; the front driven ratchet wheel set comprises a front ratchet wheel and two front ratchet wheels, and the rear driven ratchet wheel set comprises a rear ratchet wheel and two rear ratchet wheels; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the driving ratchet drives the front ratchet, the front two ratchets, the rear ratchet and the rear two ratchets to rotate, so that the tooth tops of the front ratchet and the front two ratchets are complementary in the axial direction, the tooth top of the rear ratchet and the tooth tops of the rear two ratchets are complementary in the axial direction, the pawl moves on the tooth tops of the front ratchet, the front two ratchets, the rear ratchet and the rear two ratchets, and the pawl is not in contact with the driving ratchet.

Description

Multi-ratchet clutch

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a one-way clutch, especially a multi-ratchet clutch.

Background

The ratchet clutch is one of one-way clutches and is divided into an external engagement ratchet clutch and an internal engagement ratchet clutch, the presently disclosed double-ratchet one-way clutch avoids the pawl from impacting the surface of the ratchet wheel in a mode that the tooth tops of the driving ratchet wheel and the driven ratchet wheel are complementary in the axial direction, and because the types, the stress degrees and the abrasion degrees of bearings connected with the driving ratchet wheel and the driven ratchet wheel are different, the concentricity of the driving ratchet wheel and the driven ratchet wheel is difficult to guarantee for a long time, and the pawl can slightly impact the driving ratchet wheel and the driven ratchet wheel when the double-ratchet one-way clutch rotates in an idling direction.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a many ratchet wheel formula clutch can divide into two kinds of implementation modes of external gearing and internal gearing, and the pawl does not contact with the initiative ratchet when this many ratchet wheel formula clutch is rotatory along the direction of idle running.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: a multi-ratchet clutch comprises a driving ratchet, a pawl, an elastic element, a pawl seat, a front driven ratchet set and a rear driven ratchet set;

one or more pawls are arranged on the pawl seat;

the elastic element is connected with the pawl; the number of the elastic elements is one or more;

the active ratchet wheel is connected with the pawl seat and can rotate relative to the pawl seat;

the front driven ratchet wheel group is positioned at the front end of the driving ratchet wheel and comprises a front ratchet wheel and two front ratchet wheels; the front ratchet wheel is connected with the pawl seat and can rotate relative to the pawl seat; the front two ratchet wheels are connected with the pawl seat and can rotate relative to the pawl seat;

the rear driven ratchet wheel group is positioned at the rear end of the driving ratchet wheel and comprises a rear ratchet wheel and two rear ratchet wheels; the latter ratchet wheel is connected with the pawl seat and can rotate relative to the pawl seat; the two rear ratchet wheels are connected with the pawl seat and can rotate relative to the pawl seat;

when the multi-ratchet clutch is externally engaged, the pawl seat is used as an outer ring or a shell of the one-way clutch, the active ratchet is used as an inner ring or a shaft of the one-way clutch, and the active ratchet, the front two ratchets, the rear ratchet and the rear two ratchets are all external tooth ratchets;

when the multi-ratchet clutch is in internal engagement, the pawl seat is used as an inner ring or a shaft of the one-way clutch, the active ratchet is used as an outer ring or a shell of the one-way clutch, and the active ratchet, the front two ratchets, the rear ratchet and the rear two ratchets are all internal tooth ratchets;

the driving ratchet wheel is provided with a main coupling structure, the front driven ratchet wheel group is provided with a front driven coupling structure, and the rear driven ratchet wheel group is provided with a rear driven coupling structure; the front driven coupling structure comprises a front coupling structure arranged on the front ratchet wheel and a front two coupling structure arranged on the front two ratchet wheels; the rear driven coupling structure comprises a rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet wheel and rear two coupling structures arranged on the rear two ratchet wheels; the driving ratchet wheel drives the front driven ratchet wheel set and the rear driven ratchet wheel set to rotate through the main coupling structure, the front driven coupling structure and the rear driven coupling structure by taking the pawl seat as a reference system, and controls the relative positions of the driving ratchet wheel and the ratchet wheels in the front driven ratchet wheel set and the rear driven ratchet wheel set;

the driving ratchet wheel can drive the driven ratchet wheel set to rotate by taking the pawl seat as a reference system, wherein the transmission scheme is one of the driving ratchet wheel drives the front ratchet wheel and the front two ratchet wheels as well as the rear ratchet wheel and the rear two ratchet wheels to rotate, the driving ratchet wheel drives the front ratchet wheel and the rear ratchet wheel to rotate, the front ratchet wheel drives the front two ratchet wheels to rotate, the rear ratchet wheel drives the rear two ratchet wheels to rotate, the driving ratchet wheel drives the front two ratchet wheels and the rear two ratchet wheels to rotate, the front two ratchet wheels drive the front ratchet wheel to rotate, and the rear two ratchet wheels drive the rear ratchet wheel to rotate;

when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the driving ratchet wheel drives the driven ratchet wheel group to rotate by taking the pawl seat as a reference system, so that the tooth tops of the front ratchet wheel and the front ratchet wheel are complementary in the axial direction, the middle position of the tooth top of the front ratchet wheel is close to or coincided with the middle position of the tooth spaces of the front ratchet wheel in the axial direction, the tooth top of the rear ratchet wheel is complementary with the tooth tops of the rear ratchet wheel in the axial direction, the middle position of the tooth top of the rear ratchet wheel is close to or coincided with the middle position of the tooth spaces of the rear ratchet wheel in the axial direction, the driving ratchet wheel is taken as a reference system, the pawls move on the tooth tops of the front ratchet wheel, the rear ratchet wheel and the rear ratchet wheel, and the pawls are not in contact with the driving ratchet wheel.

Furthermore, the front driven ratchet wheel set also comprises three front ratchet wheels, the three front ratchet wheels are connected with the pawl seat, and the three front ratchet wheels can rotate relative to the pawl seat; the rear driven ratchet wheel set also comprises three rear ratchet wheels, the three rear ratchet wheels are connected with the pawl seat, and the three rear driven ratchet wheels can rotate relative to the pawl seat; when the implementation mode of the multi-ratchet type clutch is external engagement, the front three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels are external tooth ratchet wheels, and when the implementation mode of the multi-ratchet type clutch is internal engagement, the front three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels are internal tooth ratchet wheels;

the front slave coupling structure also comprises a front three-coupling structure arranged on the front three-ratchet wheel; the rear slave coupling structure also comprises a rear three-coupling structure arranged on the rear three-ratchet wheel;

the ratchet seat is taken as a reference system, the driving ratchet wheel can drive the driven ratchet wheel groups to rotate, the transmission scheme is that the driving ratchet wheel drives the front ratchet wheel and the front two ratchet wheels and the front three ratchet wheels and the back two ratchet wheels to rotate and the back three ratchet wheels to rotate, the driving ratchet wheel drives the front ratchet wheel and the back ratchet wheels to rotate, the front ratchet wheel drives the front two ratchet wheels to rotate, the back ratchet wheel drives the back two ratchet wheels to rotate, the front two ratchet wheels drive the front three ratchet wheels to rotate, the back two ratchet wheels drive the back three ratchet wheels to rotate, the driving ratchet wheel drives one ratchet wheel in the front driven ratchet wheel groups and one ratchet wheel in the back driven ratchet wheel groups to rotate, and one ratchet wheel in the back driven ratchet wheel groups drives the other ratchet wheels in the front driven ratchet wheel groups to rotate and one ratchet wheel in the back driven ratchet wheel groups to drive the back driven ratchet wheel groups to rotate One of the remaining ratchet wheels in (1);

when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the active ratchet wheel drives the front ratchet wheel, the front two ratchet wheels, the front three ratchet wheels, the rear ratchet wheel, the rear two ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels to rotate by taking the pawl seat as a reference system, so that tooth tops of the front ratchet wheel and the front three ratchet wheels are complementary with tooth tops of the front two ratchet wheels in the axial direction, the tooth tops of the rear ratchet wheel and the rear three ratchet wheels are complementary with the tooth tops of the rear two ratchet wheels in the axial direction, the active ratchet wheel is taken as the reference system, the pawls move on the tooth tops of the front ratchet wheel, the front two ratchet wheels, the front three ratchet wheels, the rear ratchet wheel, the rear two ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels, and the pawls are not in contact with the active ratchet wheel.

A multi-ratchet clutch comprises a driving ratchet, a pawl, an elastic element, a pawl seat, a front driven ratchet set and a rear driven ratchet set;

one or more pawls are arranged on the pawl seat, and one or more elastic elements are respectively arranged between each pawl and the pawl seat;

the front driven ratchet wheel group is positioned at the front end of the driving ratchet wheel and comprises two front ratchet wheels; the front two ratchet wheels are connected with the pawl seat and can rotate relative to the pawl seat;

the rear driven ratchet wheel group is positioned at the rear end of the driving ratchet wheel and comprises a rear ratchet wheel; the latter ratchet wheel is connected with the pawl seat and can rotate relative to the pawl seat;

when the implementation mode of the multi-ratchet clutch is external engagement, the pawl seat is used as an outer ring or a shell of the one-way clutch, the active ratchet is used as an inner ring or a shaft of the one-way clutch, and the active ratchet, the front two ratchets and the rear ratchet are all external tooth ratchets;

when the implementation mode of the multi-ratchet clutch is internal engagement, the pawl seat is used as an inner ring or a shaft of the one-way clutch, the active ratchet is used as an outer ring or a shell of the one-way clutch, and the active ratchet, the front two ratchets and the rear ratchet are all internal tooth ratchets;

the driving ratchet wheel is provided with a main coupling structure, the front driven ratchet wheel group is provided with a front driven coupling structure, and the rear driven ratchet wheel group is provided with a rear driven coupling structure; the front driven coupling structure comprises a front two coupling structures arranged on the front two ratchet wheels; the rear driven coupling structure comprises a rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet wheel; the driving ratchet wheel drives the front driven ratchet wheel set and the rear driven ratchet wheel set to rotate through the main coupling structure, the front driven coupling structure and the rear driven coupling structure by taking the pawl seat as a reference system, and controls the relative positions of the driving ratchet wheel and the ratchet wheels in the front driven ratchet wheel set and the rear driven ratchet wheel set;

when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the active ratchet wheel drives the front two ratchet wheels and the rear ratchet wheel to rotate by taking the pawl seat as a reference system, the tooth tops of the rear ratchet wheel and the tooth tops of the front two ratchet wheels are complementary in the axial direction, the active ratchet wheel is taken as the reference system, the pawls move on the tooth tops of the front two ratchet wheels and the tooth tops of the rear ratchet wheel, and the pawls are not in contact with the active ratchet wheel.

Further, the pawl is an integral pawl; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idling direction, the integral pawl is in contact with the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set by taking the driving ratchet as a reference system, and the integral pawl slides on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set.

Further, the pawl comprises a main pawl, a front pawl and a rear pawl, and the front pawl and/or the rear pawl can drive the main pawl to enable the main pawl to be meshed with or separated from the driving ratchet wheel; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idle rotation direction, the pawl slides on the front driven ratchet set through the front pawl by taking the driving ratchet as a reference system, and slides on the rear driven ratchet set through the rear pawl.

Furthermore, the pawl comprises a main pawl, a front pawl and a rear pawl, wherein both the front pawl and the rear pawl are provided with a slave pawl wheel, and the front pawl and/or the rear pawl can drive the main pawl to enable the main pawl to be meshed with or separated from the driving ratchet wheel; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the pawl moves on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the slave pawl wheel by taking the driving ratchet as a reference system.

Furthermore, the pawl is an integral pawl, and a pawl wheel is arranged on the integral pawl; the pawl is in contact with the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the pawl wheel, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the driving ratchet is used as a reference system, and the pawl moves on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the pawl wheel.

Furthermore, the active ratchet wheel is connected with the pawl seat through shaft hole clearance fit, a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing or a rolling body; the front driven ratchet wheel set and the rear driven ratchet wheel set are connected with the pawl seat through shaft hole clearance fit, a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing or a rolling body.

Further, the main coupling structure and/or the front driven coupling structure and/or the rear driven coupling structure are/is implemented in the form of one or more structures of a protrusion, a groove, a positioning key and a positioning groove, that is, the driving ratchet wheel and/or the front driven ratchet wheel set and/or the rear driven ratchet wheel set are/is provided with one or more structures of a protrusion, a groove, a positioning key and a positioning groove, the pawl seat is taken as a reference system, and the driving ratchet wheel drives the front driven ratchet wheel set and the rear driven ratchet wheel set to rotate through one or more structures of a protrusion, a groove, a positioning key and a positioning groove arranged on the driving ratchet wheel and/or the front driven ratchet wheel set and/or the rear driven ratchet wheel set.

Further, the resilient member may act on one or more of the entire pawl, the pawl on the side of the driving ratchet set, the pawl on the side of the front driven ratchet set, and the pawl on the side of the rear driven ratchet set.

Further, the elastic element is a part or a component which utilizes the elastic property of the material to ensure that the pawl is meshed with the active ratchet wheel when the multi-ratchet type clutch rotates along the locking direction, the number of the elastic element is one or more, a spiral spring, a leaf spring, a coil spring, a pressure spring tube, a corrugated tube, a diaphragm spring, a wire spring or a special-shaped spring can be adopted, one elastic element can act on one or more pawls, and preferably, each pawl is connected with one elastic element.

Further, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the idling direction, the pawl reaches the tooth tops of the two previous ratchets before leaving the ends of the tooth tops of the two previous ratchets, and the pawl reaches the tooth tops of the two previous ratchets before leaving the ends of the tooth tops of the two previous ratchets, with the active ratchet as a reference system.

Further, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the idling direction, the pawl reaches the tooth tops of the two subsequent ratchets before leaving the ends of the tooth tops of the two subsequent ratchets, and the pawl reaches the tooth tops of the two subsequent ratchets before leaving the ends of the tooth tops of the two subsequent ratchets, with the active ratchet as a reference system.

Further, one or more structures of a protrusion, a groove, a positioning key and a positioning groove are arranged on the main pawl and/or the front pawl and/or the rear pawl, and the front pawl and/or the rear pawl drives the main pawl to be engaged with or disengaged from the active ratchet wheel through one or more structures of a protrusion, a groove, a positioning key and a positioning groove arranged on the main pawl and/or the front pawl and/or the rear pawl.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along an idling direction, the driving ratchet drives the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set to rotate, in the process, the pawl is not in contact with the driving ratchet, the degree of concentricity of the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set can be reduced or avoided from slightly impacting the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set, and the force-bearing size and the wear degree of the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set are the same as the connection mode of the pawl seat.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the pawl is an external engagement of a unitary pawl.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the pawl is an external engagement of a unitary pawl.

Fig. 3 is an internal view of an external engagement embodiment of the present invention with the pawl as a unitary pawl when rotated in the locking direction.

Fig. 4 is an internal view of an external engagement embodiment of the present invention with the pawl as a unitary pawl rotating in the freewheeling direction.

Figure 5 is a cutaway isometric view of an embodiment of the internal engagement of the pawl with the integral pawl of the present invention.

Figure 6 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the pawl is an integral pawl.

Fig. 7 is an internal view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the pawl is an integral pawl, when rotated in a locking direction.

Fig. 8 is an internal view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the pawl is an integral pawl, during rotation in the freewheeling direction.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention including the external engagement of the front three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention including the external engagement of the front three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the present invention including the outer three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels in a locked state.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the present invention including the idle state of the external three-ratchet wheel and the back three-ratchet wheel.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention including the inner engagement of the front three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels.

Fig. 14 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention including the inner engagement of the front three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the present invention including the locked state of the inner engagement embodiment of the front three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of an idle state of an internal engagement embodiment of the present invention including the front three ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a pawl according to an embodiment of the present invention wherein the pawl includes an outer engagement embodiment of a primary pawl, a front pawl and a rear pawl.

Fig. 18 is an internal schematic view of an external engagement embodiment of the pawl of the present invention including a primary pawl, a front pawl and a rear pawl.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the ratchet of the present invention including a primary ratchet, a front ratchet and a rear ratchet, and the front ratchet and the rear ratchet all having an embodiment of the external engagement of the secondary ratchet wheel.

Fig. 20 is an internal schematic view of the ratchet of the present invention including a primary ratchet, a front ratchet and a rear ratchet, with the outer engaging embodiment of the secondary ratchet wheel disposed on both the front ratchet and the rear ratchet.

Fig. 21 is a schematic view of a pawl of an external engagement embodiment of the present invention in which the pawl is a unitary pawl and is provided with a pawl wheel.

Fig. 22 is an internal schematic view of an external engagement embodiment of the present invention in which the pawl is a unitary pawl and is provided with a pawl wheel.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the pawl of the present invention including an inter-engagement of the primary pawl, the front pawl and the rear pawl.

Fig. 24 is an internal schematic view of an embodiment of the pawl of the present invention including an inter-engagement of the primary pawl, the front pawl and the rear pawl.

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of a ratchet according to an embodiment of the present invention including a primary ratchet, a front ratchet and a rear ratchet, each of which is provided with an inter-engagement embodiment of a secondary ratchet wheel.

Fig. 26 is an internal view of an embodiment of the ratchet of the present invention including a primary ratchet, a front ratchet and a rear ratchet, each of which has an inter-engagement with a wheel of the secondary ratchet.

Fig. 27 is a schematic view of a ratchet according to an inner engagement embodiment of the present invention, in which the ratchet is an integral ratchet and is provided with a ratchet wheel.

Fig. 28 is an internal view of an embodiment of the invention in which the ratchet is a unitary ratchet and is provided with a ratchet wheel.

Fig. 29 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of the present invention including only the outer engagement of the front two ratchet wheels and the rear one ratchet wheel.

Fig. 30 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of the invention including only the inner engagement of the front two ratchet wheels and the rear ratchet wheel.

Fig. 31 is a cut-away isometric view of an external engagement embodiment of the present invention including only the front two ratchet wheels and the rear one ratchet wheel.

Fig. 32 is a schematic view of the present invention including only the first two ratchet wheels and the second ratchet wheel in the locked state of the external-engagement embodiment.

Fig. 33 is a schematic view of the idle state of the external engagement embodiment of the present invention including only the first two ratchet wheels and the last ratchet wheel.

Fig. 34 is a cut-away isometric view of an inner gearing embodiment of the present invention that includes only the front two ratchets and the rear one.

Fig. 35 is a schematic view of the present invention including only the locking state of the inner engagement embodiment of the front two ratchet wheels and the rear ratchet wheel.

Fig. 36 is a schematic view showing the idle state of the inner engagement embodiment of the present invention including only the front two ratchet wheels and the rear ratchet wheel.

The symbols in the drawings illustrate that: 1-driving ratchet wheel; 2-a pawl; 3-an elastic element; 4-pawl seat; 5-driving ratchet wheel; 6-pawl; 7-a resilient element; 8-pawl seat; 11-previous ratchet; 12-front two ratchet wheels; 13-front three ratchet wheels; 14-the latter ratchet; 15-two rear ratchets; 16-back three ratchet wheels; 17-a positioning key; 18-a positioning groove; 19-a positioning groove; 21-an integral pawl; 22-primary pawl; 23-front pawl; 24-slave ratchet wheel; 25-a ratchet wheel; 26-rear pawl; 27-a positioning key; 28-positioning grooves; 41-driven ratchet rack; 42-driven ratchet bearing ring; 43-rolling bodies; 44-a bearing; 45-clamp spring; 46-a clamp spring; 51-previous ratchet; 52-front two ratchets; 53-front three ratchet wheels; 54-the latter ratchet; 55-the second ratchet wheel; 56-three rear ratchets; 57-alignment key; 58-positioning groove; 59-positioning grooves; 61-integral detents; 62-a primary pawl; 63-front pawl; 64-slave pawl wheel; 65-a ratchet wheel; 66-rear pawl; 67-an alignment key; 68-positioning grooves; 81-driven ratchet rack; 82-driven ratchet bearing ring; 83-rolling bodies; 84-a bearing; 85-a clamp spring; 86-clamp spring.

Detailed Description

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 to 4 show an external engaging embodiment of a multi-ratchet clutch, in which the ratchet is an integral ratchet, and the external engaging embodiment mainly comprises a driving ratchet 1, a ratchet 2, an elastic element 3, a ratchet seat 4, a front driven ratchet set and a rear driven ratchet set: one or more pawls 2 are arranged on the pawl seat 4; the elastic element 3 is connected to the pawl 2.

The front driven ratchet group in this embodiment is located at the front end of the driving ratchet 1, and includes a front ratchet 11 and a front ratchet 12.

The rear driven ratchet group in this embodiment is located at the rear end of the driving ratchet 1, and includes a rear ratchet 14 and a rear two ratchets 15.

The active ratchet 1, the first ratchet 11, the second ratchet 12, the second ratchet 14 and the second ratchet 15 are all connected with the pawl seat 4, can rotate relative to the pawl seat 4, and can be connected with the pawl seat 4 through shaft hole clearance fit, sliding bearings, rolling bearings or rolling bodies; preferably, the active ratchet 1 is connected with the pawl seat 4 through a bearing 44, and the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the rear ratchet 14 and the rear two ratchet 15 are respectively connected with the pawl seat 4 through rolling bodies 43; preferably, a driven ratchet bearing ring 42 and a driven ratchet rack 41 are further arranged between the rolling body 43 and the pawl seat 4.

The pawl seat 4 is used as an outer ring or a shell of the one-way clutch, the active ratchet 1 is used as an inner ring or a shaft of the one-way clutch, and the active ratchet 1, the front ratchet 11, the front ratchet 12, the rear ratchet 14 and the rear ratchet 15 are all external tooth ratchets.

The pawl 2 in this embodiment is a unitary pawl 21, and when the multiple-ratchet clutch rotates in the idling direction, the unitary pawl 21 slides on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set with the driving ratchet 1 as a reference system.

Preferably, the main coupling structure arranged on the driving ratchet 1 is a positioning key 17, the front coupling structure arranged on the front ratchet 11 is a positioning groove 18, the rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet 14 is a positioning groove 18, the front coupling structure arranged on the front ratchet 12 is a positioning groove 19, the rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet 15 is a positioning groove 19, and the driving ratchet 1 is matched with the positioning groove 18 and the positioning groove 19 through the positioning key 17 to control the relative positions of the driving ratchet 1, the front ratchet 11, the front ratchet 12, the rear ratchet 14 and the rear ratchet 15 and drive the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set to rotate by taking the pawl seat 4 as a reference system.

Fig. 1 and 3 show an external engagement embodiment in which the pawls of the multiple-ratchet clutch are integral pawls, when the multiple-ratchet clutch rotates in the locking direction, the pawl seat 4 is used as a reference system, the driving ratchet 1 drives the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchets 12, the rear ratchet 14 and the rear two ratchets 15 to rotate, and after the ratchets of the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchets 12, the rear ratchet 14 and the rear two ratchets 15 are axially overlapped, the pawl 2 can enter tooth grooves of the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchets 12, the rear ratchet 14 and the rear two ratchets 15, and at this time, the pawl 2 can be embedded with the tooth grooves of the driving ratchet 1; the ratchet shape of the driving ratchet 1 can be the same as or different from the ratchet shapes of the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the rear ratchet 14 and the rear two ratchet 15.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the idling direction, the active ratchet 1 drives the previous ratchet 11, the previous ratchet 12, the next ratchet 14 and the next ratchet 15 to rotate by using the pawl seat 4 as a reference system, so that the tooth tops of the previous ratchet 11 and the two tooth tops of the previous ratchet 12 are complementary in the axial direction, the tooth top of the next ratchet 14 and the tooth top of the next ratchet 15 are complementary in the axial direction, and the pawl 2 moves on the tooth tops of the previous ratchet 11, the two previous ratchet 12, the next ratchet 14 and the two next ratchet 15, and the pawl 2 does not contact with the active ratchet 1 by using the active ratchet 1 as a reference system; the diameter of the addendum circle of the active ratchet 1 may be the same as or different from the diameter of the addendum circle of the first ratchet 11, the second ratchet 12, the second ratchet 14 and the second ratchet 15, and the pawl 2 may not contact the active ratchet 1 by changing the diameter of the addendum circle of the active ratchet 1 or the shape of the pawl 2 may not contact the active ratchet 1.

As shown in fig. 5-8, the present invention provides an internal engagement embodiment in which the pawls of the multi-ratchet clutch are integral pawls, and the internal engagement embodiment mainly includes a driving ratchet 5, a pawl 6, an elastic element 7, a pawl seat 8, a front driven ratchet set and a rear driven ratchet set: one or more pawls 6 are arranged on the pawl seat 8; the elastic element 7 is connected to the pawl 6.

The front driven ratchet set in this embodiment is located at the front end of the driving ratchet and includes a front ratchet 51 and a front ratchet 52.

The rear driven ratchet set in this embodiment is located at the rear end of the driving ratchet and includes a rear ratchet 54 and a rear two ratchet 55.

The active ratchet 5, the previous ratchet 51, the previous two ratchet 52, the next ratchet 54 and the next two ratchet 55 are all connected with the pawl seat 8, can rotate relative to the pawl seat 8, and can be connected with the pawl seat 8 through shaft hole clearance fit, sliding bearings, rolling bearings or rolling bodies; preferably, the active ratchet 5 is connected with the pawl seat 8 through a bearing 84, and the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the rear ratchet 54 and the rear two ratchet 55 are respectively connected with the pawl seat 8 through rolling bodies 83; preferably, a driven ratchet bearing ring 82 and a driven ratchet rack 81 are further provided between the rolling body 83 and the pawl seat 8.

The pawl seat 8 is used as the inner ring of the one-way bearing, the active ratchet 5 is used as the outer ring of the one-way bearing, and the active ratchet 5, the previous ratchet 51, the previous ratchet 52, the next ratchet 54 and the next ratchet 55 are all internal tooth ratchets.

The pawl 6 in this embodiment is a unitary pawl 61, and the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in a freewheeling direction with reference to the driving ratchet 5, and the unitary pawl 61 slides over the front and rear driven ratchet sets.

Preferably, the main coupling structure arranged on the driving ratchet 5 is a positioning key 57, the front coupling structure arranged on the front ratchet 51 is a positioning groove 58, the rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet 54 is a positioning groove 58, the front coupling structure arranged on the front ratchet 52 is a positioning groove 59, the rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet 55 is a positioning groove 59, and the driving ratchet 5 is matched with the positioning groove 58 and the positioning groove 59 through the positioning key 57 to control the relative positions of the driving ratchet 5, the front ratchet 51, the front ratchet 52, the rear ratchet 54 and the rear ratchet 55 and drive the front driven ratchet group and the rear driven ratchet group to rotate by taking the pawl seat 8 as a reference system.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the multi-ratchet clutch according to the present invention has an internal engagement embodiment in which the pawls are integral pawls, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the locking direction, the driving ratchet 5 drives the first ratchet 51, the second ratchet 52, the second ratchet 54 and the second ratchet 55 to rotate with the pawl seat 8 as a reference system, and after the ratchets of the first ratchet 51, the second ratchet 52, the second ratchet 54 and the second ratchet 55 are axially overlapped, the pawl 6 can enter the tooth spaces of the first ratchet 51, the second ratchet 52, the second ratchet 54 and the second ratchet 55, and at this time, the pawl 6 can be engaged with the tooth space of the driving ratchet 5; the ratchet shape of the driving ratchet 5 may be the same as or different from the ratchet shapes of the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the rear ratchet 54 and the rear two ratchet 55.

As shown in fig. 5 and 8, when the multi-ratchet clutch according to the present invention rotates in the idling direction, the active ratchet 5 drives the previous ratchet 51, the previous ratchet 52, the next ratchet 54 and the next ratchet 55 to rotate by using the pawl seat 8 as the reference system, so that the tooth tops of the previous ratchet 51 and the previous ratchet 52 are complementary in the axial direction, the tooth top of the next ratchet 54 and the tooth top of the next ratchet 55 are complementary in the axial direction, and the pawl 6 moves on the tooth tops of the previous ratchet 51, the previous ratchet 52, the next ratchet 54 and the next ratchet 55 by using the active ratchet 5 as the reference system, and the pawl 6 does not contact with the active ratchet 5; the pawl 6 may be made not to contact the driving ratchet 5 by changing the tip circle diameter of the driving ratchet 5, or the pawl 6 may be made not to contact the driving ratchet 5 by changing the shape of the pawl 6.

As shown in fig. 9-12, the front driven ratchet set of the multi-ratchet clutch, in which the pawls are integral pawls, further includes three front ratchets and the rear driven ratchet set further includes an external engagement embodiment of three rear ratchets, which mainly includes a driving ratchet 1, a pawl 2, an elastic element 3, a pawl seat 4, a front driven ratchet set and a rear driven ratchet set: one or more pawls 2 are arranged on the pawl seat 4; the elastic element 3 is connected with the pawl 2; the number of the elastic members 3 is one or more.

The front driven ratchet group in this embodiment is located at the front end of the driving ratchet and comprises a front ratchet 11, a front two ratchet 12 and a front three ratchet 13, and the rear driven ratchet group is located at the rear end of the driving ratchet and comprises a rear ratchet 14, a rear two ratchet 15 and a rear three ratchet 16.

The active ratchet 1, the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the front three ratchet 13, the back ratchet 14, the back two ratchet 15 and the back three ratchet 16 are all connected with the pawl seat 4, can rotate relative to the pawl seat 4, and can be connected with the pawl seat 4 through shaft hole clearance fit, sliding bearings, rolling bearings or rolling bodies; preferably, the active ratchet 1 is connected with the pawl seat 4 through a bearing 44, and the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the front three ratchet 13, the rear one ratchet 14, the rear two ratchet 15 and the rear three ratchet 16 are respectively connected with the pawl seat 4 through rolling bodies 43; preferably, a driven ratchet bearing ring 42 and a driven ratchet rack 41 are further arranged between the rolling body 43 and the pawl seat 4.

The pawl seat 4 is used as the outer ring of the one-way bearing, and the active ratchet 1 is used as the inner ring; the driving ratchet 1, the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchets 12, the front three ratchets 13, the rear ratchet 14, the rear two ratchets 15 and the rear three ratchets 16 are all external tooth ratchets.

Preferably, the main coupling structure arranged on the driving ratchet 1 is a positioning key 17, the previous coupling structure arranged on the previous ratchet 11 is a positioning groove 18, the previous three coupling structures arranged on the previous three ratchets 13 are positioning grooves 18, the next coupling structure arranged on the next ratchet 14 is a positioning groove 18, the next three coupling structure arranged on the next three ratchets 16 is a positioning groove 18, the previous two coupling structures arranged on the previous two ratchets 12 are positioning grooves 19, the next two coupling structures arranged on the next two ratchets 15 are positioning grooves 19, taking the pawl seat 4 as a reference system, the relative positions of the driving ratchet 1, the front first ratchet 11, the front second ratchet 12, the front third ratchet 13, the rear first ratchet 14, the rear second ratchet 15 and the rear third ratchet 16 are controlled by the matching of the positioning key 17, the positioning groove 18 and the positioning groove 19, and the driving ratchet drives the front driven ratchet group and the rear driven ratchet group to rotate.

As shown in fig. 9 and 11, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the locking direction, the ratchet seat 4 is used as a reference system, the driving ratchet 1 drives the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the front three ratchet 13, the rear ratchet 14, the rear two ratchet 15 and the rear three ratchet 16 to rotate, and after the ratchets of the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the front three ratchet 13, the rear ratchet 14, the rear two ratchet 15 and the rear three ratchet 16 are axially overlapped, the pawl 2 can enter the tooth spaces of the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the front three ratchet 13, the rear ratchet 14, the rear two ratchet 15 and the rear three ratchet 16, and at this time, the pawl 2 can be embedded with the tooth space of the driving ratchet 1; the ratchet shape of the driving ratchet 1 can be the same as or different from the ratchet shapes of the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the front three ratchet 13, the rear ratchet 14, the rear two ratchet 15 and the rear three ratchet 16.

As shown in fig. 9 and 12, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the idling direction, the driving ratchet 1 drives the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the front three ratchet 13, the rear three ratchet 14, the rear two ratchet 15 and the rear three ratchet 16 to rotate by using the pawl seat 4 as a reference system, so that the tooth tops of the front ratchet 11 and the front three ratchet 13 are complementary to the tooth top of the front two ratchet 12 in the axial direction, the tooth tops of the rear ratchet 14 and the rear three ratchet 16 are complementary to the tooth top of the rear two ratchet 15 in the axial direction, and the pawl 2 moves on the tooth tops of the front ratchet 11, the front two ratchet 12, the front three ratchet 13, the rear ratchet 14, the rear two ratchet 15 and the rear three ratchet 16 by using the driving ratchet 1 as a reference system, and the pawl 2 does not contact with the driving ratchet 1; the pawl 2 can be made not to contact the driving ratchet 1 by changing the addendum circle diameter of the driving ratchet 1 or by changing the shape of the pawl 2.

As shown in fig. 13-16, the front driven ratchet set of the multi-ratchet clutch, in which the pawls are integral pawls, further includes three front ratchets and the rear driven ratchet set further includes an internal engagement embodiment of three rear ratchets, and mainly includes a driving ratchet 5, a pawl 6, an elastic element 7, a pawl seat 8, a front driven ratchet set and a rear driven ratchet set: one or more pawls 6 are arranged on the pawl seat 8; the elastic element 7 is connected with the pawl 6; the number of the elastic elements 7 is one or more.

The front driven ratchet group in this embodiment is located at the front end of the driving ratchet and comprises a front ratchet 51, a front two ratchet 52 and a front three ratchet 53, and the rear driven ratchet group is located at the rear end of the driving ratchet and comprises a rear ratchet 54, a rear two ratchet 55 and a rear three ratchet 56.

The active ratchet wheel 5, the front ratchet wheel 51, the front two ratchet wheels 52, the front three ratchet wheels 53, the rear ratchet wheel 54, the rear two ratchet wheels 55 and the rear three ratchet wheels 56 are all connected with the pawl seat 8, can rotate relative to the pawl seat 8, and can be connected with the pawl seat 8 through shaft hole clearance fit, sliding bearings, rolling bearings or rolling bodies; preferably, the active ratchet 5 is connected with the pawl seat 8 through a bearing 84, and the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the front three ratchet 53, the rear one ratchet 54, the rear two ratchet 55 and the rear three ratchet 56 are respectively connected with the pawl seat 8 through rolling bodies 83; preferably, a driven ratchet bearing ring 82 and a driven ratchet rack 81 are further provided between the rolling body 83 and the pawl seat 8.

The pawl seat 8 is used as the outer ring of the one-way bearing, and the active ratchet 5 is used as the inner ring; the driving ratchet 5, the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the front three ratchet 53, the rear ratchet 54, the rear two ratchet 55 and the rear three ratchet 56 are all external teeth ratchets.

The pawl 6 in this embodiment is a unitary pawl 61, and the unitary pawl 61 slides on the front and rear driven ratchet sets with reference to the driving ratchet 5 when the multiple-ratchet clutch rotates in the freewheeling direction.

Preferably, the main coupling structure arranged on the driving ratchet 5 is a positioning key 57, the previous coupling structure arranged on the previous ratchet 51 is a positioning groove 58, the previous three coupling structures arranged on the previous three ratchets 53 are positioning grooves 58, the next coupling structure arranged on the next ratchet 54 is a positioning groove 58, the next three coupling structure arranged on the next three ratchets 56 is a positioning groove 58, the previous two coupling structures arranged on the previous two ratchets 52 are positioning grooves 59, the next two coupling structures arranged on the next two ratchets 55 are positioning grooves 59, taking the pawl seat 8 as a reference system, the active ratchet 5 is matched with the positioning slot 58 and the positioning slot 59 through the positioning key 57 to control the relative positions of the active ratchet 5 and the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the front three ratchet 53, the rear ratchet 54, the rear two ratchet 55 and the rear three ratchet 56, and drives the front driven ratchet group and the rear driven ratchet group to rotate.

As shown in fig. 13 and 15, the multi-ratchet clutch according to the present invention has an internal engagement embodiment in which the pawls are integral pawls, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the locking direction, the ratchet seat 8 is used as a reference system, the driving ratchet 5 drives the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the front three ratchet 53, the rear one ratchet 54, the rear two ratchet 55 and the rear three ratchet 56 to rotate, after the ratchets of the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the front three ratchet 53, the rear one ratchet 54, the rear two ratchet 55 and the rear three ratchet 56 are axially overlapped, the pawl 6 can enter the tooth spaces of the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the front three ratchet 53, the rear one ratchet 54, the rear two ratchet 55 and the rear three ratchet 56, and at this time, the pawl 6 can be engaged with the tooth space of the driving ratchet 5; the ratchet shape of the driving ratchet 5 may be the same as or different from the ratchet shapes of the front ratchet 51, the front two ratchet 52, the front three ratchet 53, the rear ratchet 54, the rear two ratchet 55 and the rear three ratchet 56.

As shown in fig. 13 and 16, when the multi-ratchet clutch according to the present invention is rotated in the idling direction, the active ratchet 5 drives the first ratchet 51, the second ratchet 52, the third ratchet 53, the second ratchet 54, the second ratchet 55 and the third ratchet 56 to rotate by taking the pawl seat 8 as a reference system, so that the tooth tops of the first ratchet 51 and the third ratchet 53 are complementary to the tooth top of the first ratchet 52 in the axial direction, the tooth tops of the second ratchet 54 and the third ratchet 56 are complementary to the tooth top of the second ratchet 55 in the axial direction, and the pawl 6 moves on the tooth tops of the first ratchet 51, the second ratchet 52, the third ratchet 53, the second ratchet 54, the second ratchet 55 and the third ratchet 56 by taking the active ratchet 5 as a reference system, so that the pawl 6 does not contact with the active ratchet 5; the pawl 6 can be kept out of contact with the driving ratchet 5 by changing the tip circle diameter of the driving ratchet 5 or by changing the shape of the pawl 6.

As shown in fig. 29 and fig. 31-33, the front driven ratchet set of the multi-ratchet clutch, in which the pawls are integral pawls, includes only two front ratchets and the rear driven ratchet set includes only the rear ratchet, and mainly includes a driving ratchet 1, a pawl 2, an elastic element 3, a pawl seat 4, a front driven ratchet set, a rear driven ratchet set: one or more pawls 2 are arranged on the pawl seat 4, and the elastic element 3 is connected with the pawls 2.

The front driven ratchet group in this embodiment is located at the front end of the driving ratchet and comprises two front ratchets 12.

The rear driven ratchet set in this embodiment is located at the rear end of the driving ratchet and includes a rear ratchet 14.

The active ratchet 1, the front two ratchet 12 and the rear ratchet 14 are all connected with the pawl seat 4, can rotate relative to the pawl seat 4, and can be connected with the pawl seat 4 through shaft hole clearance fit, sliding bearings, rolling bearings or rolling bodies; preferably, the active ratchet 1 is connected with the pawl seat 4 through a bearing 44, and the front two ratchet wheels 12 and the rear ratchet wheel 14 are respectively connected with the pawl seat 4 through rolling bodies 43; preferably, a driven ratchet bearing ring 42 and a driven ratchet frame 41 are further provided between the rolling body 43 and the pawl seat 4, and the driven ratchet bearing ring 42 and the driven ratchet frame 41 can be integrated.

The pawl seat 4 is used as an outer ring or a shell of the one-way clutch, the active ratchet 1 is used as an inner ring or a shaft of the one-way clutch, and the active ratchet 1, the front two ratchet wheels 12 and the rear ratchet wheel 14 are all external tooth ratchet wheels.

Preferably, the main coupling structure arranged on the driving ratchet 1 is a positioning key 17, the rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet 14 is a positioning groove 18, the front coupling structure arranged on the front ratchet 12 is a positioning groove 19, and the driving ratchet 1 is matched with the positioning groove 18 and the positioning groove 19 through the positioning key 17 to control the relative positions of the driving ratchet 1, the front ratchet 12 and the rear ratchet 14 and drive the front driven ratchet group and the rear driven ratchet group to rotate, with the pawl seat 4 as a reference system.

Fig. 29 and 32 show an external engagement embodiment in which the front driven ratchet group of the multi-ratchet clutch whose pawls are integral pawls only includes two front ratchets and the rear driven ratchet group only includes a rear ratchet according to the present invention, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the locking direction, the driving ratchet 1 drives the two front ratchets 12 and the rear ratchet 14 to rotate with reference to the pawl seat 4, and after the ratchets of the two front ratchets 12 and the rear ratchet 14 are axially overlapped, the pawl 2 can enter the tooth spaces of the two front ratchets 12 and the rear ratchet 14, and at this time, the pawl 2 can be engaged with the tooth space of the driving ratchet 1; the ratchet shape of the driving ratchet 1 can be the same as or different from the ratchet shapes of the front two ratchet wheels 12 and the rear ratchet wheel 14.

As shown in fig. 29 and 33, the front driven ratchet set of the multi-ratchet clutch according to the present invention includes only two front ratchets and the rear driven ratchet set includes only the outer engaging embodiment of the rear ratchet wheel, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idling direction, the driving ratchet 1 drives the two front ratchets 12 and the rear ratchet 14 to rotate by using the ratchet seat 4 as the reference system, so that the tooth tops of the rear ratchet 14 and the tooth tops of the two front ratchets 12 are complementary in the axial direction, and the pawl 2 moves on the tooth tops of the two front ratchets 12 and the rear ratchet 14 by using the driving ratchet 1 as the reference system, and the pawl 2 does not contact with the driving ratchet 1; the pawl 2 may be made not to contact the driving ratchet 1 by changing the tip circle diameter of the driving ratchet 1, or the pawl 2 may be made not to contact the driving ratchet 1 by changing the shape of the pawl 2.

As shown in fig. 30 and fig. 34 to 36, the front driven ratchet set of the multi-ratchet clutch, in which the pawls are integral pawls, includes only two front ratchets and the rear driven ratchet set includes only the inner engagement embodiment of the rear ratchet, and mainly includes the driving ratchet 5, the pawl 6, the elastic element 7, the pawl seat 8, the front driven ratchet set, and the rear driven ratchet set: one or more pawls 6 are provided on the pawl seat 8, and the elastic member 7 is connected to the pawls 6.

The front driven ratchet set in this embodiment is located at the front end of the driving ratchet and includes two front ratchets 52.

The rear driven ratchet set in this embodiment is located at the rear of the drive ratchet and includes a rear ratchet 54.

The active ratchet 5, the front two ratchet 52 and the rear one ratchet 54 are all connected with the pawl seat 8, can rotate relative to the pawl seat 8, and can be connected with the pawl seat 8 through shaft hole clearance fit, sliding bearings, rolling bearings or rolling bodies; preferably, the active ratchet 5 is connected with the pawl seat 8 through a bearing 84, and the front two ratchet wheels 52 and the rear one ratchet wheel 54 are respectively connected with the pawl seat 8 through rolling bodies 83; preferably, a driven ratchet bearing ring 82 and a driven ratchet rack 81 are further provided between the rolling body 83 and the pawl seat 8, and the driven ratchet bearing ring 82 and the driven ratchet rack 81 can be integrated.

The pawl seat 8 is used as an inner ring or a shaft of the one-way clutch, the active ratchet 5 is used as an outer ring or a shell of the one-way clutch, and the active ratchet 5, the front two ratchets 52 and the rear ratchet 54 are all internal tooth ratchets.

Preferably, the main coupling structure arranged on the driving ratchet 5 is a positioning key 57, the rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet 54 is a positioning groove 58, the front coupling structure arranged on the front two ratchet 52 is a positioning groove 59, and with the pawl seat 8 as a reference system, the driving ratchet 5 is matched with the positioning groove 58 and the positioning groove 59 through the positioning key 57 to control the relative positions of the driving ratchet 5 and the front two ratchet 52 and the rear ratchet 54, and drive the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set to rotate.

As shown in fig. 30 and 35, the front driven ratchet set of the multi-ratchet clutch provided by the present invention, in which the pawls are integral pawls, includes only two front ratchets and the rear driven ratchet set includes only the inner engagement embodiment of the rear ratchet, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the locking direction, the driving ratchet 5 drives the two front ratchets 52 and the rear ratchet 54 to rotate with reference to the pawl seat 8, and after the ratchets of the two front ratchets 52 and the rear ratchet 54 are axially overlapped, the pawl 6 can enter the tooth spaces of the two front ratchets 52 and the rear ratchet 54, and at this time, the pawl 6 can be engaged with the tooth space of the driving ratchet 5; the ratchet shape of the driving ratchet 5 may be the same as or different from the ratchet shapes of the front two ratchet 52 and the rear one ratchet 54.

As shown in fig. 30 and 36, the front driven ratchet set of the multiple ratchet clutch provided by the present invention, in which the pawls are integral pawls, includes only two front ratchets and the rear driven ratchet set includes only the inner engagement embodiment of the rear ratchet, when the multiple ratchet clutch rotates along the idling direction, the driving ratchet 5 drives the two front ratchets 52 and the rear ratchet 54 to rotate by taking the pawl seat 8 as the reference system, so that the tooth tops of the rear ratchet 54 and the tooth tops of the two front ratchets 52 are complementary in the axial direction, and the pawl 6 moves on the tooth tops of the two front ratchets 52 and the rear ratchet 54 by taking the driving ratchet 5 as the reference system, and the pawl 6 does not contact with the driving ratchet 5; the pawl 6 may be made not to contact the driving ratchet 5 by changing the tip circle diameter of the driving ratchet 5, or the pawl 6 may be made not to contact the driving ratchet 5 by changing the shape of the pawl 6.

Three external-engagement embodiments are shown in fig. 1-4, 9-12, 29, and 31-33, wherein: one or more of a shoulder, a sleeve, a nut, a shaft end retainer, a circlip, a thrust washer, a locating sleeve, a locking screw, an end cap, a threaded ring, a snap spring, a snap ring, a stop ring, a screw, a weld, and an interference fit may be used to secure the bearing 44, the driven ratchet bearing ring 42, and the driven ratchet frame 41.

Three inter-engagement embodiments are shown in fig. 5-8, 13-16, 30 and 34-36, wherein: one or more of a shoulder, a sleeve, a nut, a shaft end retainer, a circlip, a thrust washer, a locating sleeve, a set screw, an end cap, a threaded ring, a snap spring, a stop ring, a screw, a weld, and an interference fit may be used to secure the bearing 84, the driven ratchet bearing ring 82, and the driven ratchet frame 81.

The embodiment of the pallet 2 as shown in fig. 2, 10, 17-22, 29 and 31 may be one or more of the pallet 2 being a one-piece pallet 21, the pallet 2 comprising a main pallet 22 and front and

rear pallets

23, 26, both the front and

rear pallets

23, 26 being provided with a slave-pallet wheel 24, the pallet 2 being a one-piece pallet 21 and the one-piece pallet 21 being provided with a pallet wheel 25.

As shown in fig. 17-18, the pawl of the present invention includes an external engagement embodiment of a primary pawl, a front pawl and a rear pawl: the pawl 2 comprises a main pawl 22, a front pawl 23 and a rear pawl 26, and the front pawl 23 and/or the rear pawl 26 can drive the main pawl 22 to enable the main pawl 22 to be meshed with or separated from the driving ratchet wheel 1; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idle rotation direction, the driving ratchet 1 is taken as a reference system, the pawl 2 slides on the front driven ratchet group through the front pawl 23 and slides on the rear driven ratchet group through the rear pawl 26;

the front pawl 23 and/or the rear pawl 26 can drive the main pawl 22 by arranging one or more structures of a bulge, a groove, a positioning key and a positioning groove on the main pawl 22 and/or the front pawl 23 and/or the rear pawl 26; preferably, positioning key 27 is provided on primary pawl 22, positioning slots 28 are provided on front pawl 23 and rear pawl 26, and primary pawl 22 is carried by front pawl 23 and/or rear pawl 26 through positioning slots 28 and positioning key 27.

As shown in fig. 19-20, the ratchet of the present invention includes a main ratchet, a front ratchet and a rear ratchet, and the front ratchet and the rear ratchet are provided with an external engaging embodiment of a slave ratchet wheel: the pawls 2 comprise a main pawl 22, a front pawl 23 and a rear pawl 26, slave pawl wheels 24 are arranged on the front pawl 23 and the rear pawl 26, and the front pawl 23 and/or the rear pawl 26 can drive the main pawl 22 to enable the main pawl 22 to be meshed with or separated from the driving ratchet 1; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idling direction, the active ratchet 1 is taken as a reference system, and the pawl 2 moves on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the slave pawl wheel 24;

Fig. 21-22 show an external engaging embodiment of the present invention in which the ratchet is a unitary ratchet and the unitary ratchet is provided with a ratchet wheel: the pawl 2 is an integral pawl 21, and pawl wheels 25 are arranged on two sides of the integral pawl 21 on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idling direction, the active ratchet 1 is taken as a reference system, and the pawl 2 moves on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the pawl wheel 25.

The embodiment of the pawl 6 as shown in fig. 6, 14, 23-28, 30 and 34 may be one or more of the pawl 6 being a unitary pawl 61, the pawl 6 comprising a primary pawl 62 and front and

rear pawls

63, 66, the front and

rear pawls

63, 66 each having a secondary pawl wheel 64, the pawl 6 being a unitary pawl 61 and the unitary pawl 61 having a pawl wheel 65.

As shown in fig. 23-24, the pawl of the present invention includes an embodiment of the inter-engagement of the primary pawl, the front pawl and the rear pawl: the pawl 6 comprises a main pawl 62, a front pawl 63 and a rear pawl 66, and the front pawl 63 and/or the rear pawl 66 can drive the main pawl 62 to enable the main pawl 62 to be meshed with or separated from the driving ratchet wheel 5; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idle rotation direction, the driving ratchet 5 is taken as a reference system, the pawl 6 slides on the front driven ratchet group through the front pawl 63 and slides on the rear driven ratchet group through the rear pawl 66;

the front pawl 63 and/or the rear pawl 66 can drive the main pawl 62 by arranging one or more structures of a bulge, a groove, a positioning key and a positioning groove on the main pawl 62 and/or the front pawl 63 and/or the rear pawl 66; preferably, the primary pawl 62 is provided with a positioning key 67, the front pawl 63 and the rear pawl 66 are provided with positioning slots 68, and the front pawl 63 and/or the rear pawl 66 drive the primary pawl 62 through the positioning slots 68 and the positioning key 67.

As shown in fig. 25-26, the ratchet of the present invention includes a main ratchet, a front ratchet and a rear ratchet, and the front ratchet and the rear ratchet are all provided with an inner gearing embodiment of a slave ratchet wheel: the pawl 6 comprises a main pawl 62, a front pawl 63 and a rear pawl 66, the front pawl 63 and the rear pawl 66 are respectively provided with a slave pawl wheel 64, and the front pawl 63 and/or the rear pawl 66 can drive the main pawl 62 to enable the main pawl 62 to be meshed with or separated from the driving ratchet wheel 5; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idling direction, the active ratchet 5 is taken as a reference system, and the pawl 6 moves on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the slave pawl wheel 64;

Fig. 27-28 show an example of the internal engagement of the present invention in which the ratchet is a unitary ratchet and the unitary ratchet is provided with a ratchet wheel: the pawl 6 is an integral pawl 61, and pawl wheels 65 are arranged on two sides of the integral pawl 61 on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the idling direction, the pawl 6 moves on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the pawl wheel 65 by taking the driving ratchet 5 as a reference system.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a many ratchet formula clutch, includes initiative ratchet, pawl, elastic element, pawl seat, preceding driven ratchet group, the driven ratchet group in back, its characterized in that:

one or more pawls are arranged on the pawl seat;

the driving ratchet wheel is provided with a main coupling structure, the front driven ratchet wheel group is provided with a front driven coupling structure, and the rear driven ratchet wheel group is provided with a rear driven coupling structure; the front driven coupling structure comprises a front coupling structure arranged on the front ratchet wheel and a front two coupling structure arranged on the front two ratchet wheels; the rear driven coupling structure comprises a rear coupling structure arranged on the rear ratchet wheel and rear two coupling structures arranged on the rear two ratchet wheels; the driving ratchet wheel drives the front driven ratchet wheel set and the rear driven ratchet wheel set to rotate through the main coupling structure, the front driven coupling structure and the rear driven coupling structure by taking the pawl seat as a reference system, and controls the relative positions of the driving ratchet wheel, the front driven ratchet wheel set and the rear driven ratchet wheel set;

when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in the idling direction, the pawl moves on tooth tops of the front ratchet wheel, the front two ratchet wheels, the rear ratchet wheel and the rear two ratchet wheels by taking the driving ratchet wheel as a reference system, and the pawl is not in contact with the driving ratchet wheel.

2. The multi-ratchet clutch according to claim 1, wherein the front driven ratchet set further comprises a front three ratchet wheels connected with the pawl seat, the front three ratchet wheels being rotatable relative to the pawl seat; the rear driven ratchet wheel set also comprises three rear ratchet wheels, the three rear ratchet wheels are connected with the pawl seat, and the three rear driven ratchet wheels can rotate relative to the pawl seat;

when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the pawl moves on tooth tops of the front ratchet wheel, the front two ratchet wheels, the front three ratchet wheels, the rear ratchet wheel, the rear two ratchet wheels and the rear three ratchet wheels by taking the driving ratchet wheel as a reference system, and the pawl is not in contact with the driving ratchet wheel.

3. A multi-ratchet clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pawls are integral pawls; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idling direction, the integral pawl is in contact with the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set by taking the driving ratchet as a reference system, and the integral pawl slides on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set.

4. A multi-ratchet clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pawls comprise a main pawl, a front pawl and a rear pawl, and the front pawl and/or the rear pawl can carry the main pawl to engage or disengage the main pawl with or from the driving ratchet; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the idle rotation direction, the pawl slides on the front driven ratchet set through the front pawl by taking the driving ratchet as a reference system, and slides on the rear driven ratchet set through the rear pawl.

5. The multi-ratchet clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pawl comprises a main pawl, a front pawl and a rear pawl, each of the front pawl and the rear pawl is provided with a slave pawl wheel, and the front pawl and/or the rear pawl can drive the main pawl to enable the main pawl to be engaged with or disengaged from the main ratchet wheel; when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the pawl moves on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the slave pawl wheel by taking the driving ratchet as a reference system.

6. A multi-ratchet clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pawl is an integral pawl having a pawl wheel disposed thereon; the pawl is in contact with the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the pawl wheel, when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates in an idling direction, the driving ratchet is used as a reference system, and the pawl moves on the front driven ratchet set and the rear driven ratchet set through the pawl wheel.

7. The multi-ratchet clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the active ratchet is connected with the ratchet seat through a shaft hole clearance fit, a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing or a rolling body; the front driven ratchet wheel set is connected with the ratchet pawl seat through shaft hole clearance fit, a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing or a rolling body; the rear driven ratchet wheel set is connected with the ratchet seat through shaft hole clearance fit, a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing or a rolling body.

8. A multi-ratchet clutch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the primary and/or the front and/or the rear secondary coupling structures are realized in the form of one or more of a protrusion, a groove, a detent key, a detent groove.

9. A multi-ratchet clutch comprises a driving ratchet, a pawl, an elastic element, a pawl seat, a front driven ratchet set and a rear driven ratchet set;

one or more pawls are arranged on the pawl seat;

when the multi-ratchet clutch rotates along the direction of idle rotation, the pawls move on the tooth tops of the two front ratchets and the tooth top of the rear ratchet by taking the driving ratchet as a reference system, and the pawls do not contact with the driving ratchet.

10. A multi-ratchet clutch according to claim 9, wherein the primary and/or the front and/or the rear secondary coupling structures are realized in the form of one or more of a protrusion, a groove, a detent key, a detent.