CN212248172U

CN212248172U - Multifunctional ship lock combined with fishway

Info

Publication number: CN212248172U
Application number: CN202020047175.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐波; 吕和品; 陆伟刚; 夏辉; 李占超; 徐磊; 周秉南; 江飞龙; 贾怀军; 王抱清
Original assignee: Yangzhou University
Current assignee: Yangzhou University
Priority date: 2020-01-10
Filing date: 2020-01-10
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-01-10

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-functional ship lock that combines together with fishway belongs to hydraulic engineering equipment and mechanical technical field. The multifunctional ship lock comprises an upper lock head, a lower lock head and a lock chamber section, wherein the upper lock head and the lower lock head are respectively provided with a rotary gate, the rotary gate comprises an arc gate, a gate leaf, a main shaft connected with the gate leaf, a circular cover plate, a supporting disc and a bearing telescopic rod capable of adjusting the lifting of the gate, and the bearing telescopic rod is driven by hydraulic pressure. The door leaf is provided with a leaf grating with adjustable opening degree so as to adjust the flow velocity of water flow and realize the fish luring effect. The upper end of the bearing telescopic rod is provided with a gear installation component which can adjust and control the rotation and the lifting of the rotary gate. The ship lock head part is provided with a lifting groove, and when the ship lock needs navigation, flood management, flood drainage and the like, the hydraulic drive telescopic rod controls the rotary lock door part to sink in the lifting groove. The utility model realizes the integration of fishway and ship lock, which saves cost; can realize multiple functions of attracting fish, rotationally driving fish, navigation, retaining water, flood management and drainage and the like.

Description

Multifunctional ship lock combined with fishway

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering equipment and machinery, concretely relates to multifunctional ship lock who combines together with fishway.

Background

The fishway is a fish passing building and is an artificial water tank for fishes to migrate through the river blocking building, and the design of the fishway mainly considers the upward tracing habit of the fishes. In the downstream of a river-blocking building, fishes often enter a fishway by means of the attraction of water flow, and the fishes in the fishway overcome the flow velocity by self force and trace to the upstream. Along with the continuous construction of a large amount of water conservancy facilities, the living environment of fishes is seriously threatened, and the river blocking building blocks the water flow of upstream and downstream, so that the fishes in the original river cannot migrate, and the reduction and even extinction of a large amount of fishes are caused. The existing fishway has the defects that the existing fishway cannot meet migration of different fishes, the fish passing efficiency is low, the demand is not suitable for a river blocking building with a high water head difference, and the like.

The ship lock is an important way for solving the problem of water navigation after the river-blocking building is built, and is also an important component of the river-blocking building. After the river-blocking building is built, the ship lock becomes an important channel for communicating water bodies upstream and downstream, and therefore the ship lock has a potential condition of becoming a fish migration channel. Upgrading and transforming the ship lock, realizing that the ship lock passes the fish, utilizing the ship lock to pass the fish both can reduce the cost that independent construction fishway was spent, can solve the big problem of fishway area again, improved the utilization ratio of ship lock simultaneously, the benefit is quite many.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a multi-functional ship lock that combines together with fishway, ship lock and fishway unite two into one, under the prerequisite that does not influence ship lock navigation ability, upgrade to the ship lock and reform transform, add the additional installation, utilize the ship lock to realize crossing the fish.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

a multifunctional ship lock combined with a fishway comprises an upper lock head, a lock chamber section and a lower lock head, and is characterized in that a group of rotary gates are arranged in the upper lock head and the lower lock head, and the rotary gates can lift in the upper lock head and the lower lock head through bearing telescopic rods; the rotary gate is lifted in the corresponding gate head through the bearing telescopic rod, and fish passing or water retaining is realized at the corresponding gate head through the rotation of the rotary gate; through the bearing telescopic rod, the rotary gate is lowered to the bottom of the bottom plate of the gate chamber at the corresponding gate head, so that navigation is realized.

Furthermore, lifting grooves are formed in the bottoms of the bottom plates of the lock chambers in the upper lock head and the lower lock head, and the groove bodies are integrally cylindrical; each group of rotary gates comprises a supporting disc, four gate leaves, a main shaft and two radial gates, wherein the four gate leaves, the main shaft and the two radial gates are arranged on the supporting disc; the main shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the supporting disc, and the four door leaves are vertically and crossly arranged by taking the main shaft as the center to form a cross shape; two ends of the two radial gates are respectively fixedly connected with the outer side edges of the two adjacent gate leaves in a sealing way, and the two radial gates are distributed oppositely.

Furthermore, each door leaf is provided with a plurality of blade grids, and each blade grid is rotationally connected with the corresponding door leaf; the main shaft is provided with an electric screw rod which is arranged in the middle of the main shaft; each door leaf is provided with a rope, each rope sequentially connects the leaf grids on the same door leaf, and the end part of each rope is wound on the electric screw rod; through the rotation of control electric screw rod, control rope elasticity, the rope is taut, makes the cascade aperture diminish, and the rope relaxs, and the cascade aperture grow under the water impact.

Furthermore, circular cover plates are mounted at the upper ends of the radial gate and the gate leaf, annular plastic water stops are arranged at the edges of the circular cover plates, and a triangular elastic rubber is arranged on the inner side of the opening of the lifting groove; the rotary gate is lowered into the lifting groove, and the annular plastic water stop at the circular cover plate is in sealing fit with the edge of the top of the opening of the lifting groove; when the rotary gate rises above the bottom plate of the gate chamber, the top end of the triangular elastic rubber is pressed against the bottom of the supporting disc, and impurities in water flow are blocked and enter the lifting groove.

Furthermore, the upper brake head and the lower brake head are symmetrically arranged on the quay walls on two sides and are respectively arc-shaped.

Furthermore, the force bearing telescopic rod is a hydraulic telescopic rod and comprises a telescopic rod base arranged at the bottom of the lifting groove, a telescopic section and a gear mounting part arranged at the center of the top of the telescopic section, and the gear mounting part is of a bearing-shaped structure; a gear groove is formed in the center of the bottom of the supporting disc, and a gear is arranged in the gear groove; the bottom of the gear is provided with a threaded column, the threaded column is in threaded connection with the inner ring of the gear mounting component, and the inner ring of the gear mounting component is controlled to rotate by the electric control rotating device, so that the rotary gate is driven to rotate to a required angle.

Furthermore, the upper end of the telescopic section is provided with a hydraulic bearing ball to be in bearing contact with the bottom of the supporting disc.

Furthermore, underwater monitoring equipment is arranged on two sides (namely the upstream side and the downstream side) of the upper and lower brake heads and in the middle of the brake chamber section.

Furthermore, the multifunctional ship lock is provided with a PLC controller and a computer, the underwater monitoring equipment is in signal connection with the computer, and the computer controls the electric control rotating device, the force bearing telescopic rod and the electric spiral rod through the PLC controller.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model is provided with the opening-adjustable cascade, can adjust the water flow to induce fixed flow velocity for the migration fishes in the watershed, and plays a role of attracting fishes;

2. the utility model can drive the supporting disc to rotate by rotating the gear at the upper end of the bearing telescopic rod so as to drive the rotary gate to rotate, thereby playing the function of rotary fish driving;

3. the utility model can drive the supporting disc to rotate by rotating the gear at the upper end of the bearing telescopic rod so as to drive the rotary gate, and the radial gate is just opposite to water flow, so that the radial gate has the water retaining function;

4. the utility model can control the bearing telescopic rod to subside the rotary gate in the lifting groove, thereby realizing the navigation function when the navigation requirement is met;

5. the utility model can make the rotary gate sink into the lifting groove during flood-waterlogging period, so that the gate chamber forms an accessible passage, and the function of flood-running and waterlogging drainage is temporarily achieved;

6. the utility model discloses to erect seam formula fishway and build in lock room, realized the ship lock and the uniting two into one of fishway, saved the investment cost and the management operation cost of building the fishway engineering.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the multifunctional ship lock combined with the fishway of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lifting groove at the head of the upper and lower gates;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rotary lock gate without a cover plate;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotary shutter with a cover plate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a rotary lock gate blade;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the electric screw of the rotary shutter;

FIG. 7 is a schematic elevation view of the rotary lock gate when raised;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the gate in a vertical position when it is lowered into the lifting tank;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a force-bearing telescopic rod of the rotary gate;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a gear and pod connection structure of the rotary shutter;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the support disk of the rotary lock gate;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a rotary lock dome mounting arrangement;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the connection of the rotary shutter gear and the gear mounting part at the upper end of the telescopic rod;

FIGS. 14(a) - (g) are schematic views of the fish processing procedure (without cover plate);

FIGS. 15(a) - (e) are schematic views of the navigation process (no cover plate);

FIG. 16 is a schematic plan view of water retaining operation (without cover plate);

FIG. 17 is a schematic plan view (with cover plate) of flood discharging and flood draining operation;

FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view of the service condition (no cover plate);

in the figure: the device comprises an upper gate head, a lower gate head, a 3 gate chamber section, a 3.1 water stop rubber, a 4 gate chamber bottom plate, a 5 lifting groove, a 5.1 triangular elastic rubber, a 6 upstream rotary gate, a 7 downstream rotary gate, an 8 arc gate, a 9 gate blade, a 9.1 cascade, a 9.2 round hole, a 9.3 rope, a 9.4 electric screw rod, a 9.5 cascade bearing, a 9.6 rope winding rail, a 10 main shaft, a 11 circular cover plate, a 11.1 annular plastic water stop, a 12 supporting disc, a 13 bearing telescopic rod, a 13.1 telescopic rod base, a 13.2 telescopic section, a 13.3 telescopic rod telescopic section, a 13.4 hydraulic bearing ball, a 13.5 gear mounting part, a 14 gear, a 14.1 gear groove, a threaded column at the bottom of the 14.2 gear, a 15 flow guide cover, a 15.1 flow guide cover mounting groove, 16 monitoring underwater equipment, 17 maintenance gate grooves and 18 gate maintenance equipment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical embodiments and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.

The building of blocking the river building in the natural river course has destroyed the fish passageway of whirling of tracing back, influences aquatic attitude variety, and the establishment of fishway provides the fish passageway of whirling of tracing back when realizing blocking the river building function, the utility model provides a pair of multi-functional ship lock and operation method that combine together with the fishway can solve ship navigation problem and can solve the fish problem of whirling of tracing back again.

As shown in fig. 1-18, the utility model provides a multi-functional ship lock that combines with fishway, this ship lock includes lock head 1, lower lock head 2 and lock chamber section 3, wherein the rotatory gate portion of lock head installation includes radial gate 8, door leaf 9, the main shaft 10 of connecting the door leaf, circular apron 11, support disc 12 and the bearing telescopic link 13 of adjustable gate lift, bearing telescopic link 13 is by hydraulic drive.

An upstream rotary gate 6 is arranged at the upper gate head 1, a downstream rotary gate 7 is arranged at the lower gate head 2, and the two gates are matched with each other to realize different functions.

The upper brake head 1 and the lower brake head 2 are of the same arc-shaped structure, the structures of the quay walls on the two sides are arc-shaped, and the radius of the quay walls is slightly larger than that of the circular cover plate 11. And water stopping rubbers 3.1 are arranged at the joints of the upper and lower gate heads 1 and 2, the gate chamber section 3 and the upstream and downstream, and gaps between the radial gate 8 and the wall body are filled when the radial gate 8 is in a water retaining state, so that the water stopping effect is achieved. A lifting groove 5 is dug below a bottom plate 4 of a lower end lock chamber at the upper lock head 1 and the lower lock head 2, and the rotary lock is controlled to be partially settled in the groove by a hydraulically-driven bearing telescopic rod 13 when navigation is required.

The whole cylindrical that is of 5 cell bodies shapes in lift groove, the height is for supporting disc 12, the sum of the height of bearing telescopic link 13 (maximum height) and radial gate 8 three, the radius slightly is greater than and supports disc 12 radius and slightly is less than circular apron 11 radius, the space can hold whole gate part and leave the abundant space, 11 edges of apron block the edge just in 5 upper end edges in lift groove when making the gate part subside, the moulding stagnant water 11.1 of annular that circular apron 11 edges were arranged, play the stagnant water effect when the gate part subsides to lift groove 5, avoid debris to get into lift groove 5 in the rivers simultaneously.

Triangular elastic rubbers 5.1 with good elasticity and plasticity are arranged on the inner sides of two sides of the top end of the lifting groove 5, when the gate part rises above the gate bottom plate 4, the triangular top end of the structure is propped against the bottom of the supporting disc 12, and impurities in the blocking water flow enter the lifting groove 5 without influencing the normal running and rotating functions of the gate part; the triangular elastic rubber 5.1 has better compressibility and scalability, and does not influence the rising and falling of the gate part.

The radial gate 8 is connected between two door leaves 9 with the opening degree of 90 degrees to form a fan-shaped structure, and the radial gate 8 has two leaves and is symmetrically arranged by taking the main shaft 10 as the center.

The gate leaves 9 are four in number and are 90 degrees in pairs, one end of each gate leaf is connected with the radial gate 8, the other end of each gate leaf is fixed on the main shaft 10, the gate leaves 9 are provided with the blade grids 9.1 through the blade grid bearings 9.5, and the blade grids 9.1 can move left and right under the action of force.

The circular holes 9.2 are formed in the blade grating 9.1, a rope 9.3 penetrates through the circular holes, the end portion of the rope is wound on a rope winding rail 9.6 of the electric screw rod 9.4, the electric screw rod 9.4 (a screw rod controlled by a motor to rotate) is installed in the middle of the outer side of the main shaft 10 and is controlled by a cable connection computer arranged in the main shaft 10, the blade grating 9.1 can be driven to rotate by controlling the electric screw rod 9.4 to rotate at different angles and further controlling the tightness degree of the rope 9.3, the opening degree of the blade grating 9.1 is controlled (the rope is tightened, the opening degree of the blade grating is reduced, the rope is loosened, the opening degree of the blade grating is increased under water flow impact, the blade grating 9.1 is made to adapt to and adjust the water flow velocity in the lock chamber, the flow velocity is controlled.

Circular apron 11 is installed to radial gate 8 and door leaf 9 upper end, and circular plastic stagnant water 11.1 has been arranged at circular apron 11 edge, and circular apron 11 radius slightly is greater than support disc 12 radius, and above-mentioned partial lower extreme of gate is installed on support disc 12.

The radius of the support disc 12 is equal to the radius of the radial gate 8, and the support disc 12 has a certain thickness, and is installed and supported to the whole gate portion. Support disc 12 bottom and be equipped with gear groove 14.1, there is a round draw-in groove 15.1 in the gear groove 14.1 outside, mountable kuppe 15, makes bearing telescopic link 13 and support disc 12 be connected the back and has better water proof effect, avoids gear 14 to produce the corrosion with the rivers contact for a long time.

The force-bearing telescopic rod 13 consists of a telescopic rod base 13.1, a telescopic joint 13.2, a telescopic rod telescopic section 13.3, a hydraulic force-bearing ball 13.4 at the upper end of the telescopic section 13.3 and a gear mounting part 13.5, wherein the height of the telescopic rod base 13.1 is slightly less than that of the telescopic rod 13.3. The force-bearing telescopic rod 13 has two sections, and a telescopic joint 13.2 is arranged between the sections, so that the water-resisting and water-resisting effects are achieved; the telescopic section 13.3 can be driven to lift by hydraulic pressure; the hydraulic bearing ball 13.4 at the upper end of the hydraulic support valve plays a role of supporting the rotary gate, and the hydraulic bearing ball 13.4 is as high as the gear mounting part 13.5; the gear mounting part 13.5 is a bearing-shaped structure, the inner ring is provided with threads and is connected and matched with a threaded column 14.2 at the bottom of the gear, the threaded column 14.2 at the bottom of the gear is mounted at the upper end of the inner side of the bearing-shaped structure of the gear mounting part 13.5, the lower end of the inner side of the bearing-shaped structure is controlled to rotate through the electric control rotating device and is connected with a computer, the inner ring of the component can be driven to rotate through the control computer, and therefore the gear 14 is driven to rotate so as to. The driving mode can be adjusted according to different functional requirements. The electric control rotating device is cylindrical, is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing-shaped structure, is connected with the PLC and the computer through cables, and controls the rotation of the device through the computer.

Go up the both sides of lock head 1,

lower lock head

2 and 3 middle parts of lock chamber section and arranged monitoring equipment 16 under water, monitoring equipment 16 includes camera, signal transmission device under water to be connected with the computer signal, the camera under water for can 360 rotatory cameras under water, adjust camera shooting angle under water through the computer that installs monitoring software, the computer reads fish activity information under water through signal transmission device, and according to the rotation of fish activity information control rotary gate, open and close.

Go up the first 1 of floodgate, lower floodgate head 2 and be provided with the access door groove 17 with the upper and lower trip handing-over department anterior segment, when the first department of floodgate and lock chamber section 3 have the maintenance demand, close the access gate 18 and empty the interior rivers of lock chamber section 3 side by side to overhaul.

The specific operation method will now be described with reference to different operation conditions.

Firstly, fish passing working condition:

as shown in fig. 14(a) - (g), when migratory fish pass through the lock, a multifunctional lock combined with a fishway described herein performs the following steps (when the rotary gate is lifted to the corresponding lock head):

the method comprises the following steps:

(1) when the difference between the upstream water level and the downstream water level is large: the underwater monitoring device 16 arranged at the lower brake head 2 finds the activity information of the migratory fishes, starts the electric screw rods 9.4 at the upper brake head 1 and the lower brake head 2 to adjust and reduce the opening degree of the blade cascade 9.1, further reduces the water flow velocity, controls the flow velocity in the adaptation range of the migratory fishes, and gathers the migratory fishes to the lower brake head 2, as shown in fig. 14 (a);

(2) when the upstream and downstream water level difference is not large: the underwater monitoring device 16 arranged at the lower brake head 2 finds the activity information of the migratory fishes, starts the electric screw rods 9.4 at the upper brake head 1 and the lower brake head 2 to adjust and increase the opening degree of the cascade 9.1, further controls the water flow velocity, controls the flow velocity within the adaptation range of the migratory fishes, and gathers the migratory fishes to the lower brake head 2, as shown in fig. 14 (a);

step two: when migratory fishes gather at the lower gate head 2, the gear 14 at the lower gate head 2 is driven to rotate to drive the second rotary gate 7 to rotate partially, and the migratory fishes move to the gate chamber section 3 along with the rotary gate under the influence of the rotation effect of the rotary gate, as shown in fig. 14(b) and 14 (c);

step three: as shown in fig. 14(d), when the fishes are migrated to the lock chamber section 3, the underwater monitoring device 16 disposed at the lock chamber section 3 finds activity information of the migrated fishes, and starts the electric screw 9.4 at the lock head 1 to adjust the opening degree of the cascade 9.1, so as to gather the migratory fishes moving in the lock chamber section 3 to the lock head 1, as shown in fig. 14 (e);

step four: as shown in fig. 14(f) and 14(g), when migratory fishes gather at the first 1 of the upper gate, the gear 14 at the first 1 of the upper gate is driven to rotate to drive the first upstream rotary gate 6 to rotate, the migratory fishes go upstream and partially rotate along with the gate to reach the upstream of the river-blocking building, and the fish passing process is completed;

the continuous fish passing process is shown in fig. 14(a) - (g), and the migratory fish flow from the downstream to the upstream, thereby completing the fish passing.

II, navigation working condition:

as shown in fig. 15(a) - (e), when there is a ship passing through the river channel, i.e. there is a navigation requirement, the following steps are taken as an example, and a multifunctional lock combined with a fishway is operated as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: when a navigation ship reaches the front end of a ship lock lower lock head 2 as shown in fig. 15(a), a gear 14 at the upper lock head 1 is driven to rotate so as to rotate the upstream rotary gate 6 part to enable the two arc gates 8 to be in a water retaining state, meanwhile, the gear 14 at the lower lock head 2 is driven to rotate the downstream rotary gate 7 part to be in a overflowing state, and at the moment, the water level in a lock chamber section 3 descends;

step two: when the water level in the lock chamber section 3 is stable (when the water level is level with the downstream water level), the force-bearing telescopic rod 13 at the lower lock head 2 is driven to settle the No. 2 rotary lock gate 7 at the downstream into the lifting groove 5, and then the ship drives into the lock chamber section 3 as shown in fig. 15 (b);

step three: when a ship drives into the lock chamber section 3, the force bearing telescopic rod 13 at the lower lock head 2 is started to drive the second rotary lock gate 7 part at the downstream to ascend, and the drive gear 14 rotates to rotate the second rotary lock gate 7 part at the downstream so as to enable the two arc-shaped lock gates 8 to be in a water retaining state; simultaneously, the gear 14 at the upper gate head 1 is driven to rotate the No. 1 upstream rotary gate 6 to a overflowing state, and the water level in the chamber section 3 rises at the moment, as shown in FIG. 15 (c);

step four: when the water level in the lock chamber section 3 is level with the upstream, the force bearing telescopic rod 13 at the upper lock head 1 is started to enable the part of the upstream I-shaped rotary lock gate 6 to be settled into the lock gate lifting groove 5, and then the ship exits from the lock chamber section 3 as shown in fig. 15 (d);

step five: when the navigation ship exits from the gate head, the force bearing telescopic rod 13 at the upper gate head 1 is started to drive the gate part to ascend, and the driving gear 14 rotates to rotate the gate part so as to enable the two arc gates 8 to be in a water retaining state, as shown in fig. 15(e), so that the subsequent navigation of the ship is facilitated.

The navigation process of the vessel from upstream to downstream is the reverse of the above described process.

Thirdly, water retaining working condition:

as shown in fig. 16, when the river barrage building has a need to hold river water: the rotary gate is positioned above the lifting groove 5 and drives the gear 14 to rotate, so that the

rotary gates

6 and 7 at the upper gate head 1 and the lower gate head 2 are driven to rotate partially to enable the radial gate 8 to be in a water retaining state, and a water retaining effect is achieved.

Fourthly, under the working conditions of flood discharging and waterlogging draining:

as shown in fig. 17, when the natural river has the demand of flood discharge and drainage in the flood season: drive load telescopic link 13 sinks and goes up lock head 1 and lock head 2 department (first) and

rotary gate

6 and 7 part No. two in lift groove 5, makes the ship lock whole form a passageway, the short time plays flood control drainage function, 11 edge cards of circular apron this moment are in lift groove 5 upper end lock chamber bottom plate 4 department, edge annular plasticity stagnant water 11.1 blocks up the gap between two structures, seals lift groove 5 inner space, has avoided rivers to pass through the debris deposit that brings.

Fifthly, maintenance working conditions are as follows:

as shown in fig. 18, when the ship lock structure has a need for maintenance: the service gate 18 is closed and the lock chamber is emptied of water for service.

To sum up, the utility model discloses effectively overcome prior art's shortcoming and had higher economic value. The door leaf is provided with a leaf grating with adjustable opening degree so as to adjust the flow velocity of water flow and realize the fish luring effect. The upper end of the bearing telescopic rod is provided with a hydraulic device and a gear installation component, and the rotation and the lifting of the gate can be controlled in an adjustable mode. The ship lock head part is provided with a lifting groove, and when the ship lock needs navigation, flood management, flood drainage and the like, the rotary lock door part is controlled by a hydraulic drive telescopic rod to subside in the lifting groove. The utility model realizes the integration of fishway and ship lock, which saves cost; can realize multiple functions of attracting fish, rotationally driving fish, navigation, retaining water, flood management and drainage and the like.

The present invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to the accompanying figures and description, but is not limited to the embodiments, and it is intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments, and that various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. All the modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements which may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional ship lock combined with a fishway comprises an upper lock head (1), a lock chamber section (3) and a lower lock head (2), and is characterized in that a group of rotary gates are arranged in the upper lock head and the lower lock head, and the rotary gates can lift in the upper lock head and the lower lock head through bearing telescopic rods (13); the rotary gate is lifted in the corresponding gate head through the bearing telescopic rod, and fish passing or water retaining is realized at the corresponding gate head through the rotation of the rotary gate; through the force-bearing telescopic rod, the rotary gate is lowered to the bottom of the gate chamber bottom plate (4) at the position corresponding to the gate head, so that navigation is realized.

2. The multifunctional ship lock combined with the fishway as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the lock chamber bottom plates in the upper and lower lock heads is provided with a lifting groove (5), and the groove body is integrally cylindrical; each group of rotary gates comprises a supporting disc (12), four gate leaves (9), a main shaft (10) and two radial gates (8), wherein the four gate leaves, the main shaft and the two radial gates are arranged on the supporting disc; the main shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the supporting disc, and the four door leaves are vertically and crossly arranged by taking the main shaft as the center to form a cross shape; two ends of the two radial gates are respectively fixedly connected with the outer side edges of the two adjacent gate leaves in a sealing way, and the two radial gates are distributed oppositely.

3. The multifunctional ship lock combined with the fishway of claim 2 is characterized in that each door leaf is provided with a plurality of blade grids (9.1), and each blade grid is rotatably connected with the corresponding door leaf; an electric screw rod (9.4) is arranged on the main shaft and is arranged in the middle of the main shaft; each door leaf is provided with a rope (9.3), each rope sequentially connects the leaf grids on the same door leaf, and the end part of each rope is wound on the electric screw rod; through the rotation of control electric screw rod, control rope elasticity, the rope is taut, makes the cascade aperture diminish, and the rope relaxs, and the cascade aperture grow under the water impact.

4. The multifunctional ship lock combined with the fishway as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the arc gate and the upper end of the gate leaf are provided with a circular cover plate (11), the edge of the circular cover plate is provided with an annular plastic water stop (11.1), and the inner side of the opening of the lifting groove is provided with a triangular elastic rubber (5.1); the rotary gate is lowered into the lifting groove, and the annular plastic water stop at the circular cover plate is in sealing fit with the edge of the top of the opening of the lifting groove; when the rotary gate rises above the bottom plate of the gate chamber, the top end of the triangular elastic rubber is pressed against the bottom of the supporting disc, and impurities in water flow are blocked and enter the lifting groove.

5. The multifunctional ship lock combined with fishway as claimed in claim 1, wherein the quay walls at the two sides of the fore end of the upper and lower lock are symmetrically arranged and are respectively arc-shaped.

6. The multifunctional ship lock combined with fishway as claimed in claim 4, wherein the force-bearing telescopic rod is a hydraulic telescopic rod, which comprises a telescopic rod base (13.1) mounted at the bottom of the lifting slot, a telescopic section (13.3), and a gear mounting part (13.5) at the center of the top of the telescopic section, wherein the gear mounting part is of a bearing-like structure; a gear groove (14.1) is formed in the center of the bottom of the supporting disc, and a gear (14) is arranged in the gear groove; and a threaded column (14.2) is arranged at the bottom of the gear, is in threaded connection with the inner ring of the gear mounting component, and is controlled by the electric control rotating device to rotate by the inner ring of the gear mounting component, so that the rotary gate is driven to rotate to a required angle.

7. A multi-functional ship lock in combination with fishway according to claim 6 characterized in that the telescopic section is provided with hydraulic bearing balls (13.4) at its upper end to be in bearing contact with the bottom of the support disc.

8. The multifunctional ship lock combined with fishway of claim 6 is characterized in that underwater monitoring devices (16) are arranged on both sides of the upper and lower lock heads and in the middle of the lock chamber section.

9. The multifunctional ship lock combined with the fishway of claim 8 is characterized in that the multifunctional ship lock is provided with a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a computer, the underwater monitoring equipment is in signal connection with the computer, and the computer controls the electric control rotating device, the force bearing telescopic rod and the electric screw rod through the PLC.