CN212247824U

CN212247824U - Self-locking type stone arch bridge

Info

Publication number: CN212247824U
Application number: CN202020366099.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨正乐
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-21
Filing date: 2020-03-21
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses from locking-type stone arch bridge, the brickwork of building by laying bricks or stones including a plurality of layers of material stone, the material stone be I shape material stone, T style of calligraphy material stone and single face notch material stone, wherein the concave yield of I shape material stone is the notch, the bulge is the arris, the concave yield of T style of calligraphy material stone is the end-capping notch, the bulge is end-capping arris, every layer of brickwork is arranged by I shape material stone in proper order and is constituted, between each adjacent layer, be looks lock joint in the notch that I shape material stone's arris embedding corresponds, it has T style of calligraphy material stone to lay in the tip blank between each adjacent layer, the end-capping arris of T style of calligraphy material stone, the end-capping notch is with the notch of the corresponding I shape material stone, the arris is lock joint mutually, the bottom and the top of brickwork. The construction of the stone arch bridge by adopting the technology can realize the integral self-locking of the masonry, improve the bearing capacity, prolong the service life, reduce the labor intensity and provide the bridge construction efficiency.

Description

Self-locking type stone arch bridge

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a stone arch bridge especially relates to a from locking-type stone arch bridge that constitutes by material stone.

Background

The stone arch bridge, this has condensed the bridge type of ancient labour people's wisdom crystallization, has that the building material source is extensive, utilizes the local estate building stones to draw materials on the spot, and make full use of building stones compressive strength is high, and the atress condition is good bearing capacity big, and the strong durability of weather resistance is good, and the construction is comparatively simple, and the cost is cheap relatively, and the unique advantage such as bridge type is pleasing to the eye becomes the ancient times and builds the only choice bridge type of great stride footpath bridge. The Zhao state bridge with the span of 37.02 m, which is designed and built by Li Chun, a famous craftsman in Suzhou province, still completely spans rivers after 1400 years of wind and rain erosion and vehicle-mounted pedestrian movement of earthquake and flood, and shows infinite vitality of the stone arch bridge and unequally superiority of the stone arch bridge. However, in the traditional stone arch bridge, the lime mortar and the cement mortar are used as adhesives to build block stones, and the rubble (rubble) is used to form abutment, bridge piers, arch rings, arch buildings and the like, and because the collection, processing and building of stones are all carried out manually, the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, the stones have irregular gaps, and the lime mortar and the cement mortar are easy to fall off as adhesives, the bearing capacity is low, and the durability is poor; leading to the numerous stone arch bridges which are built historically and have remained the most flexible indexes up to now for various reasons or collapse or reconstruction into girder bridges. And due to the rare masons with exquisite skills, the traditional stone arch bridge is not built on the road until the nineties of the last century. The stone arch bridge is characterized in that the original construction mode and building materials of the stone arch bridge are unchanged from ancient to present, a steel chisel hammer is used for collecting stones, a chisel hammer is used for chopping stones in a stone processing mode, and the specifications of stones are different; the construction method is carried out manually, the masonry process is simple and extensive, the labor intensity is high, and the efficiency is low. Nowadays, the stone arch bridge is aggregated into a bridge type of national wisdom crystals due to lack of labourable laborers and skillful masons technicians, and the stone arch bridge almost quits a highway bridge sequence except a small amount of small-span landscape stone arch bridges built in the park and is lost due to imminent death. This continues and the bright flower of the bridge will disappear in the historical long river, turning the wrist. Therefore, the invention provides a novel stone arch bridge which meets the modern construction requirements, saves the precious bridge type which is endangered to be extinct, and plays the heterochromatic roles, thereby having very important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a from locking-type stone arch bridge adopts this technique to build the whole auto-lock of brickwork can be realized to the stone arch bridge to improve bearing capacity, increase of service life reduces intensity of labour, provides the efficiency of building a bridge.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: from locking-type stone arch bridge, brickwork of building by laying bricks or stones including a plurality of layers of material, its characterized in that: the material stones are I-shaped material stones, T-shaped material stones and single-face notch material stones, concave parts of the I-shaped material stones are notches, convex parts of the I-shaped material stones are groove edges, concave parts of the T-shaped material stones are end-blocking notches, the convex parts of the T-shaped material stones are end-blocking groove edges, each layer of the masonry is formed by sequentially arranging the I-shaped material stones, the groove edges of the I-shaped material stones are embedded into corresponding notches and are connected in a buckled mode, the T-shaped material stones are built in end portion empty frames between adjacent layers, the end-blocking groove edges of the T-shaped material stones, the end-blocking notches and the groove edges of the corresponding I-shaped material stones are connected in a buckled mode, and the bottom and the top of the masonry are single-face notch material stones.

The I-shaped material stone and the T-shaped material stone are machined, the machining size range can be that the width of a groove edge is 15-20 cm, the width of a notch is 30-40 cm, the depth of the notch is 4.5-5.5 cm, and according to the calculation, the width of the I-shaped material stone is 60-80 cm, the thickness is 40-60 cm, and the length is 90-120 cm.

The I-shaped material stone and the T-shaped material stone are machined, the machining size can be that the width of a groove edge is 20cm, the width of a groove opening is 40cm, the depth of the groove opening is 5cm, and according to the calculation, the width of the I-shaped material stone is 80cm, the thickness of the I-shaped material stone is 40cm, and the length of the I-shaped material stone is 100 cm.

The masonry is built by adopting I-shaped material stones and T-shaped material stones, and the masonry comprises abutment, abutment side walls, arch upper side walls, piers and bridge deck material stones.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) the arch bridge of the invention has high compressive strength and large bearing capacity. Because the I-shaped material stones and the T-shaped material stones can be meshed and pressed in the grooves and the edges in the masonry, and are combined in a self-locking manner, the bearing side pressure of the stone arch bridge can be improved in the transverse direction on the basis of the existing strong pressure bearing capacity of the arch ring, and the omnibearing integral self-locking is realized, so that the compressive strength of the arch bridge can be improved, the service life is prolonged, and a feasible technical scheme is provided for constructing a large number of stone arch bridges with larger span.

(2) Because the material stone shape specification is unified, and the size is accurate for can closely cooperate between the material stone, need not cement mortar and pack the gap, consequently the building can reduce or do not use auxiliary materials such as cement mortar, avoided the auxiliary material phenomenon of droing, thereby improve the weather resistance, increase of service life, the appearance is pleasing to the eye, can reduce later stage maintenance volume.

(3) The masonry is assembled into a 'module', so that the construction process is simplified and fine, constructors can be competent after simple training, and professional masons are not needed, thereby providing sufficient manpower resources for building the stone arch bridge;

(4) the stone is machined, so that the stone is machined, cut, hoisted and installed mechanically, and most of construction is performed by replacing manpower with machinery, so that the labor intensity can be reduced, and the working efficiency can be improved.

The invention realizes the combination of ancient times and modern times by improving the processing and mounting method and the construction process of the traditional stone arch bridge stones, and can enable the traditional stone arch bridge condensed with national wisdom crystals to return to a highway bridge sequence, thereby enabling the precious bridge type endangering the death to replay the heteroscedasticity.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the self-locking i-shaped material stone of the stone arch bridge of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses from locking-type stone arch bridge T style of calligraphy material stone structure sketch map.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between I-shaped material stones and T-shaped material stones.

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the self-locking type stone arch bridge of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the abutment sidewall.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of bridge pier masonry.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the stone masonry of fig. 6.

In the figure, 1I-shaped material stone, 2 notches, 3 groove edges, 4T-shaped material stones, 5 end-sealed notches, 6 end-sealed groove edges, 7 abutment, 8 abutment side walls, 9 handrails, 10 arch upper side walls, 11 arch rings, 12 center arch ring stones, 13 piers, 14 abutment back fillers, 15 arch ring stones, 16 bridge deck material stones, 17 sidewalk boards, 18 water collecting tank drainage pipes and 19 single-side notch material stones.

Detailed Description

The utility model discloses a self-locking type stone arch bridge is to adopt cement or lime mortar to build block stone, slabstone (rubble) to build to traditional stone arch bridge over a thousand of years, and intensity of labour is high-efficient, and the bearing capacity is limited, short service life's defect design's improvement scheme, and self-locking type stone arch bridge's brickwork comprises a plurality of layers of material stone masonry, the brickwork include abutment, pier, hunch-up building etc., the material stone be I-shaped material stone 1, T style of calligraphy material stone 4 and single face notch material stone 19, wherein I-shaped material stone's concave recess is notch 2, the bulge is the arris 3, T style of calligraphy material stone's concave recess is end-capped notch 5, the bulge is end-capped arris 6, single face notch material stone 19 is the material stone that only the single face has notch, arris, each layer of brickwork is arranged by I-shaped material stone in proper order to constitute, between each adjacent layer, for the looks lock-up connection in the arris embedding of I-, t-shaped material stones are laid in end empty frames between every two adjacent layers, end-sealing groove edges and end-sealing groove openings of the T-shaped material stones are in buckling connection with corresponding I-shaped material stone groove openings and groove edges, and single-side groove opening material stones 19 are laid at the bottom and the top of the masonry.

Taking a self-locking stone arch bridge with the span L being 20 meters as an example, machining I-shaped material stones and T-shaped material stones, as shown in fig. 1-2, the widths of groove edges of the two material stones are preferably designed to be 15-20 cm, and the width of a notch is 30-40 cm, so that the two groove edges can be embedded to form a self-locking mode; the depth of the notch is 4.5-5.5 cm, and the depth can be finely adjusted according to the strength of the stone. According to the calculation, the width of the I-shaped material stone is 60-80 cm; the thickness is more than or equal to 40cm, and the length is more than or equal to 90-120 cm. If the material strength of the stone producing area is high and the integrity is good, the thickness and the length of the stone are not sealed, which is better. The I-shaped material stones and the T-shaped material stones are main components for building the stone arch bridge, the I-shaped material stones form a main body of a masonry of the stone arch bridge, and the T-shaped material stones are auxiliary components for staggered joint zero filling of edge block pieces of the masonry.

The matching relation of the I-shaped material stones and the T-shaped material stones is shown in a figure 3, as can be seen from the figure, the groove edges of the lower layer material stones are embedded into the groove openings of the upper layer material stones, the groove edges of the upper layer material stones are embedded into the groove openings of the lower layer material stones, the groove openings and the groove edges of the material stones are closely buckled and almost seamlessly meshed, the joints among the material stones are all positioned in the middle of the I-shaped groove openings, a self-locking firm whole is formed, and a firm masonry structure can be formed without cement mortar. During construction, in order to make up for errors possibly generated by stone processing, a method of coating epoxy resin glue between notches of the stone and coating epoxy resin cement or epoxy resin mortar on groove edges with gaps is adopted, and fine gaps possibly generated between the groove edges are subjected to joint filling leveling and cementing reinforcement, so that the masonry is in a tight state of close contact and meshing, and the overall strength and the stability of the masonry are enhanced.

The best embodiment of the invention is as follows: the structure is shown in fig. 4, the span L is 20 meters, the rise-to-rise ratio is 1/4, and the rise is 5.0m, wherein the bridge abutment 7, the bridge abutment side wall 8, the railing 9, the arch upper side wall 10, the arch ring 11, the center arch ring stone 12 and the bridge pier 13. The arch ring is a main stressed member, and the characteristic of high compressive strength of stone can be fully utilized, so that the bridge has good stress condition and high bearing capacity. The arch ring material stones of the embodiment are 39 blocks in total according to the trial calculation of the arc length, namely, the center arch ring stone 1 and the two side arch ring stones 38. The cross-sectional specifications of the arch ring stones on the two sides are consistent, the arch ring material stones are inverted trapezoidal, and the arch ring forms a firm and stable structure by the inverted trapezoidal masonry. This embodiment adopts the brickwork of "I shape material stone" and "T style of calligraphy material stone" built by laying bricks or stones, and the brickwork includes abutment, abutment side wall, hunch side wall, pier, bridge floor material stone. The I-shaped material stone and the T-shaped material stone are machined, the machining sizes are that the width of a groove edge is 20cm, the width of a groove opening is 40cm, the depth of the groove opening is 5cm, and according to the calculation, the width, the thickness and the length of the I-shaped material stone are 80cm, 40cm and 100cm respectively.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the abutment side wall, in which the abutment back filler 14, the arch ring stones 15, the bridge deck stones 16, the sidewalk slab 17, the water collecting tank drain pipes 18 and the single-side notch stones 19 are shown. The masonry of the 8-layer rubbles on the side wall of the abutment is basically the same as that of the 13-layer pier, but because the side wall has a slope, the length of the rubbles on the inner side of each layer is different, and the side wall is constructed by special processing numbers. The sidewalk first layer and the bridge deck stone are single-side notch stones with notch groove edges on single sides, and the mutual combination principle is the same.

6-7 are schematic diagrams of the bridge pier of FIG. 4, wherein the elevation views show the vertical mutual center staggered joints of the various layers of stockstones to form a masonry overall structure; the cross section shows the pier structure assembled by the material stones, the uppermost layer is the material stone with a single notch, only the lower layer is provided with notch grooves and edges, the material stones are derivative types of two basic types of I-shaped material stones and T-shaped material stones, the T-shaped material stones are used for filling zero by means of staggered joints, and all the layers are almost seamlessly meshed to form a firm integral structure.

The technology adopts modern bridge design, stone processing, hoisting equipment, measuring method and the like to thoroughly reform and improve the traditional stone arch bridge construction method, so that the stone arch bridge born by thousands of years is traditional in form, modern in structure and completes the change of the Phoenix nirvana.

Claims

1. From locking-type stone arch bridge, brickwork of building by laying bricks or stones including a plurality of layers of material, its characterized in that: the material stones are I-shaped material stones, T-shaped material stones and single-face notch material stones, concave parts of the I-shaped material stones are notches, convex parts of the I-shaped material stones are groove edges, concave parts of the T-shaped material stones are end-blocking notches, the convex parts of the T-shaped material stones are end-blocking groove edges, each layer of the masonry is formed by sequentially arranging the I-shaped material stones, the groove edges of the I-shaped material stones are embedded into corresponding notches and are connected in a buckled mode, the T-shaped material stones are built in end portion empty frames between adjacent layers, the end-blocking groove edges of the T-shaped material stones, the end-blocking notches and the groove edges of the corresponding I-shaped material stones are connected in a buckled mode, and the bottom and the top of the masonry are single-face notch material stones.

2. The self-locking stone arch bridge of claim 1, wherein: the I-shaped material stone and the T-shaped material stone are machined, the width of a groove edge is 15-20 cm, the width of a groove opening is 30-40 cm, the depth of the groove opening is 4.5-5.5 cm, and according to the calculation, the width of the I-shaped material stone is 60-80 cm, the thickness of the I-shaped material stone is 40-60 cm, and the length of the I-shaped material stone is 90-120 cm.

3. The self-locking stone arch bridge of claim 1, wherein: the I-shaped material stone and the T-shaped material stone are machined, the width of a groove edge is 20cm, the width of a groove opening is 40cm, the depth of the groove opening is 5cm, and according to the calculation, the width, the thickness and the length of the I-shaped material stone are 80cm, 40cm and 100cm respectively.

4. The self-locking stone arch bridge of claim 1, wherein: the masonry comprises abutment, abutment side walls, arch upper side walls, piers and bridge deck stone.