CN212225431U - Hydraulic power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses hydroelectric generation device relates to hydroelectric generation technical field. The hydroelectric generation device comprises a supporting mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a water sail, a water wheel mechanism and a power generation mechanism; the water wheel mechanism is rotationally connected to the supporting mechanism, and the power generation mechanism is in transmission connection with the water wheel mechanism; the transmission mechanism is matched with the water wheel mechanism in an annular transmission way; a plurality of water sails are arranged at intervals and are connected to the conveying mechanism, and the plurality of water sails are arranged in a circular chain shape. The water sails comprise unidirectional water sails, and the unidirectional water sails have different resistance in the forward flow direction and the reverse flow direction respectively, so that the unidirectional water sails can drive the conveying mechanism to run in a unidirectional mode under the action of water flow, and the water wheel mechanism is driven to rotate. The hydroelectric generation device can improve the efficiency of hydroelectric generation, broaden the applicable scenes of hydroelectric generation and reduce the power generation cost.

Description

Hydraulic power generator

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of hydroelectric power generation, in particular to a hydroelectric power generation device.

Background

The traditional hydroelectric generation is that the potential energy contained in rivers, lakes and the like which are located at high positions is converted into the kinetic energy of a water turbine by utilizing water flow with potential energy to low positions, and then the water turbine is used as motive power to drive a generator to generate electric energy. The hydraulic machine (water turbine) is pushed to rotate by utilizing water power (with a water head), so that the water power is converted into mechanical energy, if the water turbine is connected with a generator, electricity can be generated along with the rotation of the water turbine, and the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy.

The traditional hydroelectric generation device has higher construction and power generation cost, narrow application range and lower power generation efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application provides a hydroelectric generation device can promote hydroelectric generation's efficiency, widens hydroelectric generation's suitable scene, reduces the power generation cost.

The application provides a hydroelectric generation device, which comprises a supporting mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a water sail, a water wheel mechanism and a power generation mechanism; the water wheel mechanism is rotationally connected with the supporting mechanism, the power generation mechanism is connected with the water wheel mechanism in a transmission way, and the transmission mechanism is matched with the water wheel mechanism in an annular transmission way; a plurality of water sails are arranged at intervals and are connected to the conveying mechanism, and the plurality of water sails are arranged in a circular chain shape.

Above-mentioned technical scheme, a plurality of water sails are the hoop chain form and arrange, adopt cascaded form to connect on transport mechanism, needn't adopt the turbine of major diameter to obtain big kinetic energy, and transmission efficiency is higher, and the cost is lower, and application scope is wider moreover, only needs to satisfy the water sail and is located the operation that whole hydroelectric generation device can be accomplished to aquatic.

In a first possible implementation of the present application, the water sail comprises a unidirectional water sail; the unidirectional water sails respectively have different resistance in the downstream direction and the upstream direction, so that the unidirectional water sails can drive the conveying mechanism to rotate in a unidirectional mode under the action of water flow, and the water wheel mechanism is driven to rotate.

According to the technical scheme, the unidirectional water sails are different in resistance in the downstream direction and the upstream direction in water, so that the conveying mechanism can be driven to operate in a unidirectional mode under the action of water flow, the conveying mechanism further drives the water wheel mechanism to rotate, and finally the power generation mechanism operates to generate power. When the unidirectional water sail rotates from one side of the downstream to the other side of the annular, the stress state of the unidirectional water sail is reversed, so that the unidirectional water sail matched with the conveying mechanism can run in a reciprocating mode.

In a second possible implementation manner of the present application, or in a second possible implementation manner after combining the first possible implementation manner of the present application, the water turbine mechanism includes a driving wheel; the transmission mechanism is in transmission fit with the driving wheel and floats on water.

According to the technical scheme, the water wheel mechanism only adopts one driving wheel, and the transmission mechanism together with the water sail or the unidirectional water sail is suspended on water in a floating manner, so that the cost of the hydroelectric generation device is lower.

In a third possible implementation manner of the present application, or in a third possible implementation manner after combining the first possible implementation manner of the present application, the water turbine mechanism includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel that are arranged at an interval; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are in transmission connection through a transmission mechanism; the power generation mechanism is connected with the driving wheel in a transmission way.

According to the technical scheme, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are in transmission connection through the transmission mechanism, the distance between the driving wheel and the driven wheel can be adjusted according to the condition of a water area, and then the number of the water sails or the unidirectional water sails is adjusted to obtain larger power. The sizes of the driving wheel and the driven wheel can be the same or different so as to change the transmission efficiency of the transmission mechanism. The water sail or the unidirectional water sail can be arranged in a semi-immersed vertical mode, namely the water sail or the unidirectional water sail on one side in the water flow direction is immersed in water, and the water sail or the unidirectional water sail on the other opposite side moves in a reverse direction and is exposed out of the water surface. The water sails or the unidirectional water sails can also be arranged in a fully-immersed vertical mode, namely the wheel shafts of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged in parallel to the water surface, and all the water sails or the unidirectional water sails are immersed in the water. The water sail or the unidirectional water sail can also be arranged in a fully-immersed single horizontal mode, namely, the wheel shaft of the driving wheel and the wheel shaft of the driven wheel are perpendicular to the water surface, and the water sail or the unidirectional water sail is completely immersed in water.

With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the present application, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the present application, the water turbine includes two driving wheels, two driven wheels, and two supporting mechanisms; the wheel shafts of the driving wheels and the driven wheels are perpendicular to the water surface and are arranged in a rectangular array, the two driving wheels are arranged on one supporting mechanism, and the two driven wheels are arranged on the other supporting mechanism; wherein, one driving wheel and one driven wheel which are respectively positioned at the same side are in transmission connection through a transmission mechanism; the water sails, the water wheel mechanisms and the conveying mechanism are arranged in an axial symmetry mode along the direction perpendicular to the supporting mechanism.

Above-mentioned technical scheme, water sail (can be unidirectional type water sail), waterwheel mechanism and transport mechanism set up along perpendicular to supporting mechanism's direction axisymmetric, when all water sails all immerse in aqueous, and the shaft of action wheel and the shaft perpendicular to surface of water from the driving wheel set up for the water sail constitutes to soak the dual formula setting entirely, no matter rivers are from left to right, still from right to left, the mutual stress can all be offset to whole device and self-adaptation is realized, and keep the direction of rotation unchangeable, thereby realize morning and evening tides hydroelectric power.

With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the present application, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the present application, the water turbine further includes an auxiliary wheel; the auxiliary wheel sets up in the action wheel and follows between the driving wheel, and action wheel, follow driving wheel and auxiliary wheel all pass through the drive connection of transport mechanism.

Above-mentioned technical scheme further sets up the auxiliary wheel for drive mechanism stability is stronger when the transmission operation. The auxiliary wheel can adopt a tension wheel, so that the tension force is automatically adjusted, and the transmission mechanism is stable, safe and reliable in the transmission process.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the present application, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the present application, the unidirectional water sail includes a sail body, a fixing mechanism, and a connecting mechanism; the sail body is connected to fixed establishment, and fixed establishment rotates to be connected in coupling mechanism, and coupling mechanism fixed connection is in transport mechanism.

According to the technical scheme, the fixing mechanism is in rotating fit with the connecting mechanism, so that when the sail body is pushed by water in the downstream direction, the fixing mechanism can be automatically unfolded relative to the conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is driven to move under the action of the thrust of the water; when the sail body is pushed by water in the reverse direction, the fixing mechanism is automatically retracted relative to the conveying mechanism and is not pushed by the water any more. The transmission mechanism can be driven to operate in one direction through the change.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the present application, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the present application, the unidirectional water sail includes a fixing mechanism and a louver; the fixing mechanism is connected with the conveying mechanism, and the fixing mechanism and the conveying mechanism are obliquely arranged; the shutter is connected to the fixing mechanism.

According to the technical scheme, when the water flows in the downstream direction, the shutter can be automatically closed due to the thrust of the water, and the blades of the shutter move under the thrust of the water; when the water flows in the reverse direction, the shutter is automatically opened, water flows through the shutter, and blades of the shutter are not pushed by the water. The transmission mechanism can be driven to operate in one direction through the change.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the present application, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the present application, the unidirectional water sail includes a sailboard and a connecting mechanism; the sailboard is connected with the connecting mechanism, and the connecting mechanism is fixedly connected with the conveying mechanism; the sailboard is an arc-shaped board.

According to the technical scheme, the sailboard is an arc-shaped board, and the resistance of one side of the sailboard along the water flow direction is large, and the resistance of the other side of the sailboard is small. In the downstream direction, the sailboard moves under the thrust of water due to the large resistance of the water; when the water is in the reverse flow direction, the resistance of the water is small, and the sailboard is basically not pushed by the water. The transmission mechanism can be driven to operate in one direction through the change.

In a ninth possible implementation of the present application, the support mechanism is a bracket or a pontoon.

Above-mentioned technical scheme, supporting mechanism can adopt support or flotation pontoon, can be fixed with bank or riverbed, seabed etc. through stay cord, spud pile etc. for whole hydroelectric generation device's installation is more nimble, and adaptability is stronger.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a one-way water sail and a transmission mechanism in cascade connection in an alternative embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the structure of FIG. 1 in operation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a single wheel hydro-power generation device according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a dual-wheeled hydroelectric power generating device according to a first alternative embodiment of the present disclosure from a first perspective;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a dual wheeled hydro-power plant according to a first alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, shown from a second perspective;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a dual-wheeled hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to a second alternative embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a semi-submersible vertical twin-wheel hydro-power plant according to a third alternative embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fourth alternative embodiment of a fully submerged vertical two-wheeled hydro-power plant according to the present disclosure from a first perspective;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a fourth alternative embodiment of the present application showing a fully submerged vertical two-wheeled hydro-power plant from a second perspective;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a fully submerged vertical two-wheeled hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to a fifth alternative embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a fully submerged single horizontal dual-wheel hydro-power plant according to a sixth alternative embodiment of the present disclosure from a first perspective in a first flow direction;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a fully submerged single horizontal dual-wheel hydro-power plant according to a sixth alternative embodiment of the present disclosure from a second perspective in a first flow direction;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a fully submerged single horizontal dual-wheel hydroelectric power plant according to a sixth alternative embodiment of the present disclosure at a first viewing angle in a second flow direction;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a fully submerged single horizontal dual-wheel hydroelectric power plant according to a sixth alternative embodiment of the present disclosure at a second viewing angle in a second water flow direction;

FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of a seventh alternate embodiment of the present application showing a three-wheeled hydro-power generation device from a first perspective;

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of a seventh alternate embodiment of the present application showing a three-wheeled hydro-power generation device from a second perspective;

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of a three-wheeled hydro-power plant according to an eighth alternative embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 18 is a schematic illustration of a ninth alternate embodiment of the present application showing a four-wheel fully immersed dual hydro-power plant at a first viewing angle in a first current direction;

FIG. 19 is a schematic illustration of a ninth alternate embodiment of the present application showing a four-wheel fully immersed dual hydro-power plant from a second perspective in a first direction of water flow;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a ninth alternate embodiment of the present application showing a four-wheel fully immersed dual hydro-power plant from a first perspective in a second direction of water flow;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a ninth alternate embodiment of the present application showing a four-wheel fully immersed dual hydro-power plant from a second perspective in a second direction of water flow;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of an alternative embodiment of the present application showing the configuration of an automatically collapsible water sail;

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural view of a self-retracting soft water sail according to an alternative embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a louvered water sail in a first direction of water flow according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a louvered water sail in an alternative embodiment of the present application, shown in a second water flow direction;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of a unidirectional flow water sail according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.

Icon: 1-a driving wheel; 2-driven wheel; 3-a tension wheel; 4-a tensioning mechanism; 5-unidirectional water sails; 6-a conveyor belt; 7-a scaffold; 8-wheel axle; 9-a generator; 10-a generator transmission mechanism; 11-water flow direction; 12-low waterline; 13-high Water line; 14-direction of travel; 15-water sail limit mechanism; 16-water sail limit pull rope; 17-fixed water sails; 18-automatic folding water sail; 19-shutter type water sails; 20-self-retracting soft water sails; 21-one-way diversion type water sails; 22-buoy.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that the terms "inside", "below", and the like refer to orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when products of the application are used, and are used only for convenience in describing the application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the application.

In the description of the present application, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be mechanically coupled, directly coupled, indirectly coupled through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or under the second feature or may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, but also the first and second features being in contact via another feature between them, not being in direct contact. Also, the first feature being above, on or above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature that underlies, and underlies a second feature includes a first feature that is directly under and obliquely under a second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

Conventional hydroelectric power generation usually requires dam construction to achieve high power generation efficiency, which is costly and affects the water environment. For the water turbine power generation equipment with relatively low cost, the underwater blades can hurt the aquatic animals. The water turbine power generation equipment has low power generation efficiency, and in order to obtain larger power, the diameter of the water turbine needs to be larger, and the cost is increased correspondingly.

The embodiment of the application provides a hydroelectric generation device, adopts a plurality of one-way water sails 5 to connect on transport mechanism with cascaded form, needn't adopt the turbine of major diameter can obtain big kinetic energy, and transmission efficiency is higher, and the cost is lower, and harmless fish need not to reform transform the waters, maintains simply, and application scope is wider, only needs to satisfy one-way water sail 5 and is located the operation that whole hydroelectric generation device can be accomplished to the aquatic. The conveying mechanism is matched with the water wheel mechanism in an annular transmission mode, and the plurality of unidirectional water sails 5 are arranged in an annular chain mode based on the water wheel mechanism; the unidirectional water sails 5 respectively have different resistances in the downstream direction and the upstream direction, so that the unidirectional water sails 5 can drive the conveying mechanism to operate in a unidirectional mode under the action of water flow, the conveying mechanism further drives the water wheel mechanism to rotate, and finally the power generation mechanism operates to generate power.

The hydroelectric generation device comprises a supporting mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a water sail, a water wheel mechanism and a power generation mechanism. The water sail may be a unidirectional water sail 5, and the specific structure of the unidirectional water sail 5 is described later. The water sail may also be a fixed water sail 17, and when a fixed water sail 17 is used, the fixed water sail 17 should be inclined to the conveyor belt 6.

The supporting mechanism comprises a support 7 or a buoy 22, can be selected according to actual requirements, is used for fixedly mounting the power generation mechanism and mounting the water wheel mechanism, and can be further fixed with the supporting mechanism on the shore or on a riverbed, a seabed and the like through a pull rope, a fixing pile and the like, so that the whole hydroelectric power generation device is more flexible to mount and has stronger adaptability. The water turbine mechanism comprises a driving wheel 1, a driven wheel 2 and an auxiliary wheel, wherein the auxiliary wheel can be a tension wheel 3 and a tension mechanism 4, and different parts can be selected according to actual requirements to combine into the water turbine mechanism (please refer to the description later). The water turbine mechanism is rotatably connected to the supporting mechanism through a wheel shaft 8, the power generation mechanism comprises a power generator 9 and a power generator transmission mechanism 10 (such as a planetary reduction gear box and the like), the power generator 9 is located above the water surface, and the power generator 9 is in transmission connection with a driving wheel 1 in the water turbine mechanism through the power generator transmission mechanism 10.

In the embodiment of the present application, the conveying mechanism is a conveying belt 6, and the corresponding water turbine mechanism adopts a belt wheel in transmission fit with the conveying belt 6. The conveying mechanism may also be a conveying chain, and the corresponding water turbine mechanism adopts a chain wheel in transmission fit with the conveying chain.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of unidirectional water sails 5 are arranged at intervals in a cascade manner and connected to the conveyor belt 6, and the number of the unidirectional water sails 5 can be adjusted according to the length of the conveyor belt 6 (the length of the conveyor belt 6 depends on the specific arrangement of the water turbine mechanism, please refer to the description below), so as to obtain greater power. After the conveyor belt 6 is installed in transmission fit with the water wheel mechanism, the unidirectional water sails 5 are distributed in an annular chain shape in water, so that the unidirectional water sails 5 are distributed on two sides of the conveyor belt 6. The unidirectional water sails 5 respectively have different resistances in the forward flow direction and the reverse flow direction (see the following description for specific conditions), so that the unidirectional water sails 5 with larger stress move along with the water flow direction 11 in the unidirectional water sails 5 which are annularly arranged, and further drive the conveyor belt 6 to move, transmit kinetic energy to the water wheel mechanism, and the water wheel mechanism further transmits the kinetic energy to the power generation mechanism, so as to drive the power generation mechanism to generate power. When the unidirectional water sail 5 rotates from one side of the forward flow to the other side, the stress state of the unidirectional water sail 5 is reversed, so that the unidirectional water sail 5 can run back and forth by matching with the transmission mechanism.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a specific structure of a single-wheel type hydroelectric power generation device provided by an alternative embodiment of the present application. The single-wheel type hydroelectric generation device only adopts one driving wheel 1, the conveying belt 6 is matched with the driving wheel 1 in a transmission manner and then automatically floats on the water surface on one side of the driving wheel 1 in a floating manner, and the length of the conveying belt 6 can be longer along the length of a water area. The single-wheel hydroelectric generation device adopts a fixed water sail 17, and the fixed water sail 17 is fixedly connected with the conveyor belt 6. The cost of the single-wheel type hydroelectric power generation device is lower.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 and 5 show the specific structure of the double-wheel type hydroelectric power generation device provided by the first alternative embodiment of the present application in two views, respectively. The double-wheel type hydraulic power generation device comprises a driving wheel 1 and a driven wheel 2, the diameters of the driving wheel 1 and the driven wheel 2 are different (the diameters can be set to be the same), a support 7 and two buoys 22 are used as a supporting mechanism together, the buoys 22 are installed at the lower end of the support 7 and float on the water surface, the support 7 is used for installing a water wheel mechanism and a power generation mechanism, the lower end of the driving wheel 1 and the lower end of the driven wheel 2 are immersed in the water, and parts above the buoys 22 are located on the low water level line 12. Part of the unidirectional water sails 5 are positioned below the low water level 12, the part of the unidirectional water sails 5 are driven to move to generate power through the action of water flow, and the other unidirectional water sails 5 moving back are positioned above the low water level 12.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a specific structure of a double-wheel type hydroelectric power generation device provided by a second alternative embodiment of the present application. The double-wheel hydraulic power generating apparatus of the present embodiment has substantially the same structure as that of the double-wheel hydraulic power generating apparatus of the previous embodiment, except that the double-wheel hydraulic power generating apparatus of the present embodiment employs a float 22 and a bracket 7 (not shown) as a support mechanism. The pontoon 22 is arranged below the driven wheel 2, and the bracket 7 is arranged below the driving wheel 1, and the pontoon and the bracket are arranged independently of each other.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 shows a specific structure of a semi-submersible vertical type double-wheel hydraulic power generation device provided by a third alternative embodiment of the present application. The hydroelectric power generation device also adopts a driving wheel 1 and a driven wheel 2 with different sizes. The semi-submerged type refers to the mode that only the unidirectional water sail 5 which generates power is submerged in water, and other unidirectional water sails 5 which move back to the water surface are exposed, wherein the embodiment shown in the figures 4-6 also belongs to the semi-submerged type. In fig. 7, the bracket 7 is used as a supporting connecting piece of the whole water turbine mechanism, so that the stability is stronger, and the whole device is in a vertical arrangement, namely, the wheel shaft 8 is vertical in water in a mode of being parallel to the water surface.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, fig. 8 and 9 show the specific structure of a full-immersion vertical type double-wheel hydroelectric power generating device provided by a fourth alternative embodiment of the present application in two viewing angles, respectively. In this embodiment, too, the driving wheel 1 and the driven wheel 2 are different in size, wherein the self-folding water sail 18 (see the following description for specific structure) is arranged on the conveyor belt 6 in a cascade manner, it should be noted that in other alternative embodiments, the one-way water sail 5 (see fig. 6) with other structure forms can be used instead. Fully submerged means that all the self-folding water sails 18 are completely submerged in the water with the wheel axles 8 parallel to the water surface, wherein the support 7 is located below the low waterline 12, the driving wheels 1 and the driven wheels 2 are located between the low waterline 12 and the high waterline 13, and the generator 9 is located above the high waterline 13.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 shows a specific structure of a fully submerged vertical type double-wheel hydroelectric power generating device provided by a fifth alternative embodiment of the present application in two viewing angles. The hydraulic power generating device in this embodiment uses the driving wheel 1 and the driven wheel 2 with the same size (in some alternative embodiments, the driving wheel 1 and the driven wheel 2 may also be in a size ratio similar to each other), and the other structures are substantially the same as those of the hydraulic power generating device in the previous embodiment. In addition, the hydraulic power generation device in this embodiment is further provided with a water sail limiting mechanism 15 and a water sail limiting pull rope 16 on the conveyor belt 6. The water sail limiting mechanism 15 may be a limiting plate, and the water sail limiting mechanism 15 is used for limiting the maximum opening position of the automatic folding water sail 18. The water sail limiting pull rope 16 is respectively connected with the automatic folding water sail 18 and the conveyor belt 6, and is matched with the water sail limiting mechanism 15 together to limit the automatic folding water sail 18, so that the running stability and safety of the hydroelectric power generation device are ensured.

Referring to fig. 11-12 and fig. 13-14, respectively, fig. 11-12 show the specific structure of a fully-submerged single-horizontal double-wheel hydraulic power generation device provided by a sixth embodiment of the present application in a first water flow direction, and fig. 13-14 show the specific structure of the fully-submerged single-horizontal double-wheel hydraulic power generation device provided by the sixth embodiment of the present application in a second water flow direction, where the first water flow direction and the second water flow direction are opposite to each other by 180 °. Fully submerged single-level means that all the self-folding water sails 18 are fully submerged in the water and the axles 8 are arranged perpendicular to the water surface. The hydro-power generation device travels in the same direction of travel 14 (i.e., clockwise in the figures) whether in the first or second water flow direction.

Referring to fig. 15 and 16, fig. 15 and 16 show the specific structure of a three-wheel type hydroelectric power generating device provided by a seventh embodiment of the present application in two views, respectively. The three-wheel type hydroelectric generation device comprises a driving wheel 1, a driven wheel 2, a tension wheel 3 and a tension mechanism 4. The tensioning mechanism 4 comprises a spring, a spring shaft sleeve, a tensioning arm and the like. The driving wheel 1 and the driven wheel 2 are mounted on the bracket 7 through the wheel shaft 8, the lower end of the driving wheel 1 and the lower end of the driven wheel 2 are both located below the low water level line 12, the tension wheel 3 is mounted on the bracket 7 through the wheel shaft 8 and is arranged near one side of the driven wheel 2, and the tension wheel 3 is elastically connected to the bracket 7 through the tension mechanism 4 (a common installation mode of the tension wheel 3 is not described herein again). The conveyor belt 6 is respectively connected with the driving wheel 1, the driven wheel 2 and the tension wheel 3 in a transmission way.

Referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 shows a specific structure of a three-wheeled hydraulic power generating device according to an eighth embodiment of the present application. The three-wheel type hydroelectric power generation device comprises two driven wheels 2 and a driving wheel 1, the sizes of the two driven wheels 2 and the driving wheel 1 are sequentially increased, and the size of the driving wheel 1 is approximately two to three times that of the driven wheels 2. It should be noted that the size of the driving wheel 1 and the two driven wheels 2 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, and in other alternative embodiments, the size of the two driven wheels 2 and the size of one driving wheel 1 may be the same or may be different in other proportions. The lower ends of both driven wheels 2 are located below the low water line 12.

Referring to fig. 18 to 19 and fig. 20 to 21, respectively, fig. 18 to 19 show a specific structure of a four-wheel fully-immersed twin type hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention in a first water flow direction, and fig. 20 to 21 show a specific structure of a four-wheel fully-immersed twin type hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention in a second water flow direction, the first water flow direction and the second water flow direction being opposite to each other by 180 °.

The hydroelectric power generation device comprises two driving wheels 1 and two driven wheels 2 and two supporting mechanisms with the same size, wherein the driving wheels 1 and the driven wheels 2 are the same in size (in other alternative embodiments, the driving wheels 1 and the driven wheels 2 can also be different in size), each supporting mechanism comprises a bracket 7 and two buoys 22, and the two buoys 22 are arranged at two ends of the bracket 7. The shaft 8 of the driving wheel 1 and the shaft 8 of the driven wheel 2 are both perpendicular to the water surface and arranged in a rectangular array, the two driving wheels 1 are arranged on one support 7, the two driven wheels 2 are arranged on the other support 7, and the two supports 7 are arranged in parallel. The driving wheel 1 and the driven wheel 2 are both positioned below the low water level line 12 and on the same horizontal plane. Wherein, a driving wheel 1 and a driven wheel 2 which are respectively positioned at the same side are in transmission connection through a conveying belt 6. The self-folding water sails 18 are arranged axisymmetrically in a direction perpendicular to the support 7.

No matter along first rivers direction or second rivers direction, whole hydroelectric generation set can offset mutual stress and realize the self-adaptation to the rotation direction that keeps advancing is unchangeable, applicable in ocean tidal power generation.

For the unidirectional water sail 5, the present application provides four different structures, namely, an automatic folding water sail 18, a louver type water sail 19, a self-retracting soft water sail 20, and a unidirectional flow guide type water sail 21.

Referring to fig. 22, fig. 22 shows a specific structure of the self-folding water sail 18 according to an alternative embodiment of the present application. The self-folding water sail 18 comprises a sail body, a securing mechanism and a connecting mechanism. The sail body can be made of canvas or a sailboard, the fixing mechanism can be made of a mounting frame or a mounting rack made of light materials (such as plastics or light metals) and the connecting mechanism can be made of a connecting rod. When the sail body is made of canvas, the canvas is connected to the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is rotationally connected (can be in a hinged mode) to the connecting rod; when the sail body is a sailboard, the sailboard is connected to the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is rotatably connected (in a hinged manner) to the connecting rod. The connecting rod extends along the width direction of conveyer belt 6 and sets up, and connecting rod fixed connection is in conveyer belt 6. A water sail limiting mechanism 15 is arranged on one side of the connecting rod, and the water sail limiting mechanism 15 can be a limiting plate fixedly connected to the conveyor belt 6 so as to limit further rotation of the fixing mechanism.

The fixing mechanism is in running fit with the connecting mechanism, so that when the sail body is pushed by water in the downstream direction, the fixing mechanism can be automatically unfolded relative to the conveyor belt 6, and the conveyor belt 6 is driven to move under the action of the thrust of the water; when the sail body is pushed by water in the reverse direction, the fixing mechanism is automatically retracted relative to the conveyor belt 6 and is not pushed by the water any more. The conveyor belt 6 can be driven to operate in a single direction through the change.

Referring to fig. 23, fig. 23 shows a specific structure of the self-retracting soft water sail 20 according to an alternative embodiment of the present application. From receive and release soft body formula water sail 20 and include canvas and connecting rod, wherein the canvas also can adopt the sail face spare of other soft body materials, and the canvas is connected in the connecting rod, and connecting rod fixed connection is in conveyer belt 6. The canvas is made of soft materials and can be changed along with water flow. In the downstream direction, the canvas can be automatically unfolded due to the thrust of water and moves under the thrust of water; when the direction is against the current, the canvas is automatically folded, and is not pushed by water. The conveyor belt 6 can be driven to operate in a single direction through the change.

Referring to fig. 24 and 25, fig. 24 shows a state of the louvered water sail 19 in a first water flow direction according to an alternative embodiment of the present application, and fig. 25 shows a state of the louvered water sail 19 in a second water flow direction according to an alternative embodiment of the present application. The louvered water sail 19 includes a fixing mechanism and a louver, wherein the fixing mechanism adopts a mounting frame. The mounting frame is attached to the conveyor belt 6 (not shown) at an inclined angle (typically in a vertical arrangement) to the conveyor belt 6, and the blind is attached to the mounting frame, the blind being made of canvas or other material. When the water flows in the downstream direction (i.e. the water flow direction 11 in fig. 24), the shutters can be automatically closed due to the thrust of the water, and the shutter type water sails 19 move under the thrust of the water; when the water flows in the reverse direction (i.e. the water flow direction 11 in fig. 25), the shutters are automatically opened, the water flows through, and the shutter type water sails 19 are not pushed by the water. The transmission mechanism can be driven to operate in one direction through the change.

Referring to fig. 26, fig. 26 shows a specific structure of the unidirectional guided water sail 21 according to an alternative embodiment of the present application. The unidirectional flow guiding type water sail 21 comprises a sailboard and a connecting mechanism, wherein the connecting mechanism adopts a connecting rod. The sailboard is connected to the connecting rod, and connecting rod fixed connection is in conveyer belt 6. The sailboard is an arc-shaped board. In other alternative embodiments, the windsurfing board may also be in the shape of a special arc, such as a semicircle, an ellipse, etc. Because the windsurfing board is an arc-shaped board, the resistance of the windsurfing board along the water flow direction is large, and the reverse resistance is small. In the downstream direction, the sailboard moves under the thrust of water due to the large resistance of the water; when the water is in the reverse flow direction, the resistance of the water is small, and the sailboard is basically not pushed by the water. The transmission mechanism can be driven to operate in one direction through the change.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A hydroelectric power generating apparatus, comprising:

the hydroelectric generation device comprises a supporting mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a water sail, a water wheel mechanism and a power generation mechanism;

the water wheel mechanism is rotationally connected to the supporting mechanism, the power generation mechanism is connected to the water wheel mechanism in a transmission manner, and the transmission mechanism is matched with the water wheel mechanism in an annular transmission manner;

the plurality of water sails are arranged at intervals and connected to the conveying mechanism, and are arranged in an annular chain shape.

2. The hydro-power generation device of claim 1, wherein:

the water sail comprises a unidirectional water sail;

the unidirectional water sails respectively bear different resistances in the forward flow direction and the reverse flow direction, so that the unidirectional water sails can drive the conveying mechanism to rotate in a unidirectional mode under the action of water flow, and the water wheel mechanism is driven to rotate.

3. A hydro-power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

the water wheel mechanism comprises a driving wheel;

the transmission mechanism is in transmission fit with the driving wheel, and floats on water.

4. A hydro-power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

the water wheel mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are arranged at intervals;

the driving wheel and the driven wheel are in transmission connection through the transmission mechanism;

the power generation mechanism is in transmission connection with the driving wheel.

5. The hydro-power generation device of claim 4, wherein:

the water wheel mechanism comprises two driving wheels, two driven wheels and two supporting mechanisms;

the wheel shafts of the driving wheels and the driven wheels are perpendicular to the water surface and are arranged in a rectangular array, the two driving wheels are arranged on one supporting mechanism, and the two driven wheels are arranged on the other supporting mechanism;

the driving wheel and the driven wheel which are respectively positioned on the same side are in transmission connection through the transmission mechanism;

the water sails, the water wheel mechanisms and the conveying mechanisms are arranged in an axial symmetry mode along the direction perpendicular to the supporting mechanism.

6. The hydro-power generation device of claim 4, wherein:

the water wheel mechanism also comprises an auxiliary wheel;

the auxiliary wheel set up in the action wheel with from between the driving wheel, the action wheel, from the driving wheel and the auxiliary wheel all passes through transport mechanism transmission connects.

7. The hydro-power generation device of claim 2, wherein:

the unidirectional water sail comprises a sail body, a fixing mechanism and a connecting mechanism;

the sail body is connected with the fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism is rotatably connected with the connecting mechanism, and the connecting mechanism is fixedly connected with the conveying mechanism.

8. The hydro-power generation device of claim 2, wherein:

the unidirectional water sail comprises a fixing mechanism and a shutter;

the fixing mechanism is connected to the conveying mechanism, and the fixing mechanism and the conveying mechanism are obliquely arranged;

the shutter is connected to the fixing mechanism.

9. The hydro-power generation device of claim 2, wherein:

the unidirectional water sail comprises a sailboard and a connecting mechanism;

the sailboard is connected with the connecting mechanism, and the connecting mechanism is fixedly connected with the conveying mechanism;

the sailboard is an arc-shaped board.

10. The hydro-power generation device of claim 1, wherein:

the supporting mechanism is a bracket or a buoy.

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