CN212222971U - Nucleic acid extraction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a nucleic acid extraction device, which is characterized in that the nucleic acid extraction device comprises a sample cavity, a sample cavity cover body, a filter component, a reaction cavity and a reaction cavity cover body; wherein the filter assembly is switchable between an initial state position and a transfer state position, the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber not being in fluid communication when the filter assembly is in the initial state position; the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber are in fluid communication when the filter assembly is in the transfer state position. The utility model discloses a nucleic acid extraction device can realize high flux and filter, reduces to add and treats the manual operation after the sample of drawing, carries out nucleic acid extraction and reaction in succession highly automatically.

Description

Nucleic acid extraction device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a molecular biology and biological reaction equipment technical field, concretely relates to nucleic acid extraction element.

Background

Nucleic acids are macromolecules comprising a plurality of nucleotides and are widely found in all animal cells, plant cells and microorganisms. Nucleic acid is the genetic material of all organisms, including both deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), and is present in cells primarily in the nucleus and in a state bound to proteins. Nucleic acid extraction is a very important technology in life science research, biotechnology application and gene diagnosis. With the rapid development of molecular biology technology, research and analysis of nucleic acid are continuously popularized and applied in the fields of clinical diagnosis, food safety, environmental detection, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and the like.

In addition to nucleic acids, biological cells include other substances such as proteins and polysaccharides. To analyze and study nucleic acids, high purity nucleic acids are first extracted from complex biological environments. The extraction of nucleic acid mainly includes the steps of cracking, adsorption, washing and desorption.

At present, the commercialized nucleic acid extraction and purification methods mainly include a centrifugal column method and a magnetic bead method. In the centrifugal column method, a silicon-containing material or other solids capable of adsorbing nucleic acid are used as a medium and filled in a centrifugal column, guanidinium plasma salt is used as a binding agent, nucleic acid molecules are adsorbed on a solid phase when passing through the centrifugal column, then ethanol-containing solution is used for washing off impurities, and finally low-salt solution is used for eluting the nucleic acid; the method is simple and convenient, has high extraction efficiency and good extraction effect, is the most used nucleic acid purification method at present, and has the defects of repeated centrifugation, inconvenience for high-throughput and automatic operation, easy cross contamination of samples and the like in the extraction process. In the magnetic bead method, magnetic microspheres coated with silicon materials or other materials capable of combining with nucleic acid are used as solid phase carriers, and DNA and RNA are separated from a sample under the action of chaotropic salts (guanidine hydrochloride, guanidine isothiocyanate and the like) and an external magnetic field; the method is simple to operate, is easy to realize automatic and high-flux operation, and has the defects of higher cost, easily influenced extraction efficiency and larger variation of the magnetic bead extraction effect of different samples, different manufacturers and different batches.

Many efforts have been made in the art to improve methods of purifying nucleic acids to achieve high throughput and automated nucleic acid extraction. For example, the chinese patent application 201910776442.8, entitled "a trace DNA extraction capsule", previously filed by the applicant discloses a trace DNA extraction capsule, which includes an inner tube, an outer tube and a top cover, wherein the inner tube is slidably disposed on the upper portion of the outer tube in a piston-type manner, and the top cover is detachably covered on the top of the inner tube, and is characterized in that a containing cavity is disposed in the middle of the top cover, a reaction reagent cavity is disposed in the containing cavity, a T-shaped push rod is slidably disposed on the upper portion of the containing cavity, a detachable push rod supporting sleeve is disposed between the push rod and the top of the top cover, a solid reaction reagent is disposed in the reaction reagent cavity, a through hole is disposed on the top of the reaction reagent cavity, and a tip is disposed at the bottom end of the reaction; and the top cover is provided with a heat sealing film, and the heat sealing film is arranged below the tip end. In the nucleic acid extraction capsule structure disclosed in this patent document, a solid reaction reagent can be placed in a reaction reagent chamber, the reaction reagent chamber is then sealed inside a top cover by a heat sealing film, and a liquid extraction reagent is placed in an inner tube and sealed by the top cover, so that neither the solid reaction reagent nor the extraction reagent is contaminated before use, and the accuracy of the test is improved. The disadvantage of the nucleic acid extraction device disclosed in this document is that centrifugation is still required to separate the desired nucleic acid sample during the extraction process.

The patent name "nucleic acid extraction instrument is used in laboratory" chinese utility model patent 201821769808.6 discloses a nucleic acid extraction instrument is used in laboratory, including cracker, elution device, filter equipment is including holding the chamber, setting up hold the filter of intracavity, the filter include with hold the frame of intracavity wall joint and install side by side a plurality of filter screens on the frame, hold the chamber with be equipped with first water inlet, first delivery port on the parallel lateral wall of filter screen, be equipped with second water inlet, second delivery port on another parallel lateral wall. The first water outlet and the second water outlet are respectively provided with a suction device, and the suction devices can enable a filtering solution to better pass through the filter screen and can wash and dry the filter device after the nucleic acid extraction work is finished. In the nucleic acid extraction apparatus disclosed in this patent document, the number of filter screens is adjusted to be suitable for the operation of nucleic acids having different contents, thereby reducing the amount of reagents used and improving the work efficiency. The nucleic acid extraction device disclosed in the document has the disadvantage that the operation is still intermittent when the lysate or the eluent is absorbed.

Chinese utility model patent application 201520838200.4 with the patent name "a nucleic acid extraction device" discloses a nucleic acid extraction device, it is including the adsorption tube that has first link and absorption end, the setting is at above-mentioned absorption end and can adsorb the absorption filter core and the piston tube of nucleic acid composition in the pending sample, it has the piston that can reciprocate the removal along the piston tube inner wall to embed in this piston tube, and this piston tube includes second link and opening end and is connected and communicate with the adsorption tube through second link and first link, a serial communication port, still including the suction subassembly that is used for the suction flow to pass through the liquid of absorption filter core. The patent document also discloses a nucleic acid extraction device, which comprises an adsorption tube with a first connecting end and an adsorption end, an adsorption filter element arranged at the adsorption end and capable of adsorbing nucleic acid components in a sample to be treated, and a piston tube internally provided with a piston, wherein the piston tube comprises a second connecting end and an open end, is connected with the first connecting end through the second connecting end and is communicated with the adsorption tube, the open end is provided with a sealing ring, and the piston is embedded in the sealing ring and can move up and down along the length direction of the piston tube. In the nucleic acid extracting apparatus disclosed in the patent document, the suction module may preferably include a pipette, a one-way valve, and a vacuum pump, the pipette having one end for sucking liquid and the other end connected to the vacuum pump through the one-way valve; or the absorption assembly comprises a suction pipe, an electric valve and an electric air pump, one end of the suction pipe is used for sucking liquid, and the other end of the suction pipe is connected with the electric air pump through the electric valve. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus disclosed in this document has a disadvantage in that the aspiration unit aspirates the filtrate after filtration, and does not achieve automated extraction of the nucleic acid sample.

For this reason, there is a continuous need in the art to develop a nucleic acid extraction apparatus with a large throughput and a high degree of automation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-throughput, highly automated nucleic acid extraction apparatus for overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

It is also an object of the present application to provide a nucleic acid extraction kit comprising the nucleic acid extraction device as described above.

In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present application provides the following technical solutions.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a nucleic acid extraction apparatus, characterized in that the nucleic acid extraction apparatus comprises a sample chamber, a sample chamber cover, a filter assembly, a reaction chamber, and a reaction chamber cover;

wherein, along the direction of fluid flow, the sample chamber comprises at least one sample chamber inlet and at least one sample chamber outlet, the filter assembly comprises at least one filter assembly inlet and at least one filter assembly outlet, the reaction chamber comprises at least one reaction chamber inlet and at least one reaction chamber outlet, the sample chamber cover is disposed over the at least one sample chamber inlet, and the reaction chamber cover is disposed over the at least one reaction chamber outlet;

wherein the filter assembly is switchable between an initial state position and a transfer state position, the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber not being in fluid communication when the filter assembly is in the initial state position; the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber are in fluid communication when the filter assembly is in the transfer state position;

wherein, the internal fixing piece that is equipped with of sample chamber lid encircles and forms and the opening orientation the cavity in sample chamber holds the chamber, the upper portion that the cavity held the chamber slides and is provided with and extends to push rod more than the sample chamber lid, the cavity holds the chamber middle part and is equipped with mobilizable reagent chamber, just the cavity holds the chamber bottom and is provided with the sealing membrane, wherein the reagent chamber is equipped with the through-hole, the bottom in reagent chamber is equipped with most advanced, just the sealing membrane sets up below the most advanced in reagent chamber.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the filter assembly comprises a filter assembly body and an opening and closing mechanism, wherein the filter assembly body comprises a pressing ring, a filter membrane and a hollow fluid channel which are arranged in sequence along the fluid flow direction, the inlet of the pressing ring is the at least one filter assembly inlet, and the outlet of the hollow fluid channel is the at least one filter assembly outlet;

wherein the switch mechanism is configured to reversibly switch the filter assembly between an initial state position and a transfer state position.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the hollow fluid channel is arranged obliquely, wherein the end of the fluid channel close to the sample chamber is higher than the end of the fluid channel close to the reaction chamber.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the pore size of the filter membrane is 0.2 to 0.5 μm.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the radial dimension of the lower portion of the sample chamber is gradually reduced, and the smallest radial dimension of the lower portion of the sample chamber is smaller than the smallest radial dimension of the reagent chamber.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, a funnel-type flow guide is included above the at least one sample chamber outlet.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, further comprising a heater for heating the sample chamber.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, at least one outlet of the reaction chamber is connected to a negative pressure device.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, a one-way valve or a gas-permeable and water-impermeable membrane is arranged on a pipeline between at least one outlet of the reaction chamber and the negative pressure device.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the reaction chamber further comprises at least one interface for outputting material, the at least one interface being arranged below the at least one inlet of the reaction chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

(1) the filtering component which can be switched between an initial state position and a transfer state position is arranged in the nucleic acid extraction device, so that the fluid communication relation between the sample cavity and the reaction cavity is skillfully controlled, and high-flux filtration is realized;

(2) at least one part of the reaction reagent is pre-loaded in the reaction reagent cavity and the sample cavity respectively, so that the manual operation after the sample to be extracted is added can be reduced, and the efficiency is improved;

(3) by connecting the outlet of the reaction chamber with a negative pressure device, the filtration efficiency and the treatment flux are further improved, and simultaneously, the nucleic acid extraction and the reaction can be continuously carried out with high automation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in an initial state.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in an initial state.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in an initial state.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a sample application state.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a sample application state.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a sample application state.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a transition state.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a transition state.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a transfer state.

In the above drawings, the reference numerals have the following meanings:

1000 nucleic acid extraction device

100 sample cavity cover

101 fastener

102 push rod

103 accommodating cavity

104 reaction reagent cavity

105 sealing film

106 sealing ring

200 sample cavity

201 sample chamber inlet

202 sample chamber outlet

203 funnel type flow guiding device

300 Filter assembly

301 filter assembly inlet

302 filter assembly outlet

303 pressing ring

304 filter membrane

305 fluid channel

306 switch mechanism

400 reaction chamber

401 inlet of reaction chamber

402 reaction chamber outlet

403 first interface

404 first interface sealing ring

405 second interface

406 reaction chamber groove

500 reaction cavity cover body

600 heater.

Detailed Description

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. All numerical values recited herein as between the lowest value and the highest value are intended to mean all values between the lowest value and the highest value in increments of one unit when there is more than two units difference between the lowest value and the highest value. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g. as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the drawings, it is noted that in the detailed description of the embodiments, all features of the actual embodiments may not be described in detail in order to make the description concise and concise. Modifications and substitutions may be made to the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the resulting embodiments are within the scope of the invention.

Definition of terms

As used herein, the term "initial state position" refers to a position where the filter assembly is located when the nucleic acid extraction device is in an initial state.

As used herein, the term "transition state position" refers to a position where the filter assembly is located when the nucleic acid extracting apparatus is in a state.

As described above, it is difficult to realize high-throughput, automated operation of the conventional nucleic acid extraction apparatus. The present application is directed to provide a nucleic acid isolation apparatus capable of realizing high throughput and automated operation.

In one embodiment, the nucleic acid extraction device described herein can include a sample chamber, a sample chamber cover, a filter assembly, a reaction chamber, and a reaction chamber cover. In this embodiment, the sample chamber comprises at least one sample chamber inlet and at least one sample chamber outlet, the filter assembly comprises at least one filter assembly inlet and at least one filter assembly outlet, the reaction chamber comprises at least one reaction chamber inlet and at least one reaction chamber outlet, the sample chamber cover is disposed over the at least one sample chamber inlet, and the reaction chamber cover is disposed over the at least one reaction chamber outlet, along the direction of fluid flow. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber may each independently include one or more inlets and outlets, provided that reasonable fluid flow is achieved and the seal of the nucleic acid extraction device is ensured.

In this embodiment, the filter assembly is switchable between an initial state position and a transfer state position, the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber not being in fluid communication when the filter assembly is in the initial state position; the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber are in fluid communication when the filter assembly is in the transfer state position

In this embodiment, be equipped with in the sample chamber lid and encircle to form and the opening orientation by the mounting the cavity in sample chamber holds the chamber, the upper portion that the cavity held the chamber slides and is provided with and extends to the push rod more than the sample chamber lid, the cavity holds the chamber middle part and is equipped with mobilizable reaction reagent chamber, just the cavity holds the chamber bottom and is provided with the sealing film, wherein the reaction reagent chamber is equipped with the through-hole, the bottom in reaction reagent chamber is equipped with most advanced, just the sealing film sets up below the most advanced in reaction reagent chamber. For more description of the reaction reagent chamber, see the Chinese patent application with patent name "a trace DNA extraction capsule" and application number 201910776442.8 previously filed by the applicant.

In the embodiments described herein, the sample chamber is primarily used for lysing nucleic acid-containing biological samples, such as cotton swab/sticker/adsorbate and the like containing exfoliated cells. In one embodiment, a solid reagent may be pre-disposed in the reaction reagent chamber of the sample chamber cover, and a liquid reagent may be pre-disposed in the sample chamber at the same time. After the biological sample is added to the sample chamber, the lysis reaction can be started by simply pressing a push rod provided in the sample chamber cover. No additional reaction reagent is needed, so that the workload of field manual operation can be obviously reduced, the nucleic acid extraction time is shortened, and the efficiency is further improved. In addition, because the nucleic acid extraction device is sealed during the nucleic acid extraction process, the risk of contamination of the biological sample is reduced.

In the embodiments described herein, the filter assembly is primarily used to control fluid flow between the sample chamber and the reaction chamber. When the filter assembly is in the initial state position, i.e. when no filtration is required, no passage can be formed between the sample chamber, the filter assembly and the reaction chamber. At this time, the material in the sample chamber cannot flow into the reaction chamber. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that no passageway can be formed between the sample chamber, the filter assembly and the reaction chamber, provided there is at least one point of fluid communication between the sample chamber and the filter assembly or between the filter assembly and the reaction chamber. Similarly, when the filter assembly is in the transfer position, i.e. when filtration is required, a passage is formed between the sample chamber, the filter assembly and the reaction chamber, and material, in particular liquid material, in the sample chamber can flow into the reaction chamber for subsequent reaction. Although the switching between the initial state position and the transition state position of the filter assembly is hereinafter implemented in the form of a slidably disposed switch mechanism, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other devices and methods may be employed to implement such switching, and such devices and methods are within the scope of the present application. For example, in one embodiment, the mechanical position of the filter assembly may not be changed, and a plug may be provided over at least one of the sample chamber outlet, the filter assembly inlet, the filter assembly outlet, and the sample chamber inlet. When the filter assembly is in the initial state position, i.e. when no filtration is required, the at least one plug blocks the at least one respective outlet or inlet. When the filter assembly is in the transfer position, i.e., when filtration is desired, all plugs at the inlet and outlet are removed.

In embodiments described herein, the reaction chamber is used to adsorb the nucleic acid sample after lysis to magnetic beads. The magnetic beads with the nucleic acid sample adsorbed thereon may be transferred to an external device through an interface provided in the reaction chamber.

The method of use and the principle of operation of the nucleic acid extraction device described herein are as follows. In general, the nucleic acid extraction devices described herein can include an initial state, a loading state, and a transfer state. Before being used, the nucleic acid extraction device is in an initial state. When a nucleic acid sample needs to be extracted, a sample to be extracted needs to be added into a sample cavity of the nucleic acid extraction device, and the nucleic acid extraction device is in a sample adding state. When the nucleic acid sample after lysis needs to be transferred to the reaction chamber after the lysis reaction is finished, the nucleic acid extraction device is in a transfer state.

When the nucleic acid extraction device is in an initial state, the sample cavity cover body covers the sample cavity, the reaction cavity cover body covers the reaction cavity, and the filter assembly is in an initial state position. The sample chamber, the filter assembly and the reaction chamber are not in fluid communication at this time. Solid reagents for the cracking reaction are arranged in the reaction reagent cavity of the sample cavity cover body in advance, and liquid reagents for the cracking reaction are arranged in the sample cavity in advance.

When the nucleic acid extraction device is in a sample adding state, the push rod in the cover body of the sample cavity is pressed downwards to enable the reaction reagent cavity to move downwards, and the tip of the reaction reagent cavity pierces the sealing film arranged below the reaction reagent cavity and falls into the sample cavity. Then, the cover of the sample cavity is opened, a biological sample containing nucleic acid, such as a swab containing exfoliated cells, is put into the sample cavity, and the cover of the sample cavity is closed tightly, so that the lysis reaction starts.

After the completion of the cleavage reaction, the nucleic acid extraction apparatus may be switched to the transfer state. At the moment, the cover body of the reaction cavity is opened, and the outlet of the reaction cavity is connected with a negative pressure device. Then, the filtering component is switched to a transfer state position, so that the cracked material enters the reaction cavity after being filtered by the filtering component, and the extraction of the nucleic acid sample is completed.

Example 1

The present embodiment relates to a nucleic acid extraction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The nucleic acid extracting apparatus 1000 of the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. First, the nucleic acid extracting apparatus 1000 in an initial state is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a front view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in an initial state. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in an initial state. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in an initial state. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus 1000 described herein can be used in combination with an external device. For further description of the external device, see the chinese patent application with publication No. CN105950438A entitled "a reagent cartridge provided with a push type magnetic bead transfer mechanism".

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and particularly in FIG. 2, the nucleic acid extracting apparatus 1000 according to the present embodiment may include a sample chamber cover 100, a sample chamber 200, a filter assembly 300, a reaction chamber 400, and a reaction chamber cover 500. Sample chamber lid 100 can include to encircle by mounting 101 and form and the opening orientation the cavity of sample chamber 200 holds chamber 103, the upper portion that the cavity held chamber 103 slides and is provided with and extends to push rod 102 more than sample chamber lid 100, the cavity holds chamber 103 middle part and is equipped with mobilizable reagent chamber 104, just the cavity holds chamber 103 bottom and is provided with sealing film 105, wherein reagent chamber 104 is equipped with the through-hole, reagent chamber 104's bottom is equipped with most advanced, just sealing film 105 sets up below reagent chamber's most advanced.

In this embodiment, the reagent reaction chamber 104 is made of a material having a density greater than the liquid reagent in the sample chamber 200 so that the reagent reaction chamber 104 will sink to the bottom when it falls into the sample chamber 200 rather than float above the liquid level. In this embodiment, a through hole may be provided at the top, side, or bottom of the reaction reagent chamber 104 so that when the reaction reagent chamber 104 falls into the sample chamber 200, the liquid reagent may be immersed in the reaction reagent chamber 104 to dissolve the solid reaction reagent. In addition, in this embodiment, the diameter of the through hole of the reaction reagent chamber 104 should be smaller than the size of the solid reaction reagent provided therein in advance, so as not to leak the solid reaction reagent into the hollow accommodating chamber 103 of the sample chamber cover 100 during storage and transportation.

In this embodiment, after the push rod 102 is pressed downward, the reagent chamber 104 may be caused to pierce the sealing membrane 104 downward and fall into the sample chamber 200. In order to improve the sealing performance, a sealing ring 106 may be disposed between the push rod 102 and the fixing member 101.

As also shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to the present embodiment, the sample chamber 200 may include a sample chamber inlet 201 and a sample chamber outlet 202. The radial dimension of the lower portion of the sample chamber 200 is gradually reduced and the minimum radial dimension of the lower portion of the sample chamber is smaller than the minimum radial dimension of the reagent chamber 104. This arrangement is provided to dampen vibration caused by the reagent chamber 104 falling in and to avoid damage to the filter assembly caused by the reagent chamber 104.

As also shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to the present embodiment, the filter unit 300 may include a filter unit inlet 301 and a filter unit outlet 302. In this embodiment, the filter assembly 300 includes a filter assembly body and a switch mechanism 306. The filter assembly body comprises a pressing ring 303, a filter membrane 304 and a hollow fluid channel 305 which are arranged in sequence along the fluid flow direction, wherein the inlet of the pressing ring 303 is the filter assembly inlet 301, and the outlet of the hollow fluid channel 305 is the filter assembly outlet 302.

In this embodiment, the switch mechanism 306 is coupled to the filter assembly body and allows the filter assembly body to slide laterally left and right with respect to the sample chamber 200. When filter assembly 300 is in the initial state position, filter assembly inlet 301 is not in fluid communication with sample chamber outlet 202. When filter assembly 300 is in the transfer state position, filter assembly inlet 301 is in fluid communication with sample chamber outlet 202. The switching mechanism 306 is slid to the right to drive the filter assembly main body to slide to the right, so that the filter assembly 300 can be switched from the initial state position to the transfer state position.

In this embodiment, the hollow fluid channel is arranged obliquely, wherein the end of the hollow fluid channel close to the sample chamber is higher than the end of the hollow fluid channel close to the reaction chamber. In this embodiment, the pore size of the filter membrane may be 0.2 to 0.5 μm.

As also shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the nucleic acid extracting apparatus according to the present embodiment, the reaction chamber 400 may include a reaction chamber inlet 401 and a reaction chamber outlet 402. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the subsequent negative pressure pumping of the reaction chamber 400, the reaction chamber 400 further comprises a first port 403 and a first port sealing ring which are arranged above the reaction chamber outlet 402. In addition, the reaction chamber 400 further includes a second interface 405 for communicating with an external device to transfer the nucleic acid sample after the magnetic beads are adsorbed to another device. The second port 405 is disposed below the reaction chamber inlet 401. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that neither the first interface 403 nor the second interface 405 is necessary.

In this embodiment, the first port 403 is used for outputting gas and the second port 405 is used for outputting liquid and solid materials. In one embodiment, to avoid contamination of the materials in the reaction chamber 400, a one-way valve or a gas-permeable, water-impermeable membrane may be provided at the first port 403.

In this embodiment, magnetic beads may be previously disposed in the reaction chamber 400. For example, magnetic beads may be disposed in the grooves 406 of the reaction chamber 400. In order to ensure the airtightness of the reaction chamber 400, a reaction chamber sealing ring 700 may be further provided at a portion where the reaction chamber 400 is clamped to other components.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the nucleic acid extracting apparatus is in the initial state, the filter member 300 is in the initial state position, and the sample chamber outlet 202 and the filter member inlet 301 are misaligned without communication.

Next, the nucleic acid extracting apparatus 1000 in the sample application state will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. FIG. 4 is a front view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a sample application state. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a sample application state. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a sample application state.

As can be seen from FIGS. 4-6, when the nucleic acid extracting apparatus 1000 is in the loading state, the filter assembly 300 is still in the initial state position. However, the reagent chamber 104 has fallen into the sample chamber 200. This is achieved by pressing down on a push rod 102 provided in the sample chamber cover 100. The reagent chamber 104 may be pre-loaded with solid reagents required for the lysis reaction. The sample chamber 200 may be pre-loaded with liquid reagents required for the lysis reaction. After the addition of the biological sample to be lysed, a lysis reaction may be carried out. Greatly reducing the degree of manual intervention and avoiding the risk of sample pollution.

Finally, the nucleic acid extracting apparatus 1000 in an operating state will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a transition state. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a transition state. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a transfer state.

The filter assembly 300 may be switched from the initial state position to the transitional state position by sliding the switch mechanism 306 to the right.

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, when the nucleic acid extracting apparatus is in the transfer state, the sample chamber outlet 202 and the filter member inlet 301 are in fluid communication, and the filter member outlet 302 and the reaction chamber inlet 401 are in fluid communication. The reaction chamber outlet 402 of the reaction chamber 400 may be connected to a negative pressure device through a first port 403. Thereby allowing the materials after lysis in the sample chamber 200 to enter the reaction chamber 400 through the filter assembly 300 at a high flux. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, an interface seal 404 may be provided around the interface 403 in order to improve sealing. In addition, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that when the operation under negative pressure is required, the reaction chamber cover 500 needs to be removed first.

Example 2

The nucleic acid extracting apparatus of the present embodiment includes all the technical features of the nucleic acid extracting apparatus of embodiment 1, and a funnel-shaped baffle 203 is further provided at a lower portion of the sample chamber 200 to provide a more effective buffering action. The funnel-type baffle 203 is disposed below the liquid reactant level and is sufficient to allow liquid reactant to soak into the reactant chamber 104 after the reactant chamber 104 falls into the reaction chamber 200.

Example 3

The nucleic acid extraction apparatus of the present embodiment includes all the technical features of the nucleic acid extraction apparatus of embodiment 1, and a heater 600 is provided below the sample chamber 200. Since the cracking reaction is generally performed at a high temperature, the heater 600 is provided to ensure the cracking reaction, so that the apparatus is compact.

Example 4

The nucleic acid isolation apparatus of the present embodiment includes all the technical features of the nucleic acid isolation apparatus of embodiment 1, and further includes a baffle 203 disposed at a lower portion of the sample chamber 200, and a heater 600 disposed below the sample chamber 200.

The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate the understanding and appreciation of the application by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments herein, and those skilled in the art who have the benefit of this disclosure will appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the present application without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A nucleic acid extraction device is characterized by comprising a sample cavity, a sample cavity cover body, a filtering assembly, a reaction cavity and a reaction cavity cover body;

wherein, along the direction of fluid flow, the sample chamber comprises at least one sample chamber inlet and at least one sample chamber outlet, the filter assembly comprises at least one filter assembly inlet and at least one filter assembly outlet, the reaction chamber comprises at least one reaction chamber inlet and at least one reaction chamber outlet, the sample chamber cover is disposed over the at least one sample chamber inlet, and the reaction chamber cover is disposed over the at least one reaction chamber outlet;

wherein the filter assembly is switchable between an initial state position and a transfer state position, the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber not being in fluid communication when the filter assembly is in the initial state position; the sample chamber, filter assembly and reaction chamber are in fluid communication when the filter assembly is in the transfer state position;

wherein, the internal fixing piece that is equipped with of sample chamber lid encircles and forms and the opening orientation the cavity in sample chamber holds the chamber, the upper portion that the cavity held the chamber slides and is provided with and extends to push rod more than the sample chamber lid, the cavity holds the chamber middle part and is equipped with mobilizable reagent chamber, just the cavity holds the chamber bottom and is provided with the sealing membrane, wherein the reagent chamber is equipped with the through-hole, the bottom in reagent chamber is equipped with most advanced, just the sealing membrane sets up below the most advanced in reagent chamber.

2. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter module comprises a filter module body and an opening and closing mechanism, wherein the filter module body comprises a pressing ring, a filter membrane and a hollow fluid channel arranged in this order along the direction of fluid flow, the inlet of the pressing ring is the at least one filter module inlet, and the outlet of the hollow fluid channel is the at least one filter module outlet;

wherein the switch mechanism is configured to reversibly switch the filter assembly between an initial state position and a transfer state position.

3. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the hollow fluid channel is disposed obliquely with the end of the fluid channel near the sample chamber being higher than the end of the fluid channel near the reaction chamber.

4. The nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pore size of the filter is 0.2 to 0.5 μm.

5. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, wherein the radial dimension of the lower portion of the sample chamber is gradually reduced, and the minimum radial dimension of the lower portion of the sample chamber is smaller than the minimum radial dimension of the reaction reagent chamber.

6. The nucleic acid extraction device of claim 5, wherein a funnel-shaped flow guide is included above the outlet of the at least one sample chamber.

7. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, further comprising a heater for heating the sample chamber.

8. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one outlet of the reaction chamber is connected to a negative pressure device.

9. The nucleic acid extracting apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein a one-way valve or a gas-permeable and water-impermeable filter membrane is provided on a pipe between the at least one outlet of the reaction chamber and the negative pressure means.

10. The nucleic acid extraction device of claim 1, wherein the reaction chamber further comprises at least one port for outputting a material, the at least one port being disposed below the at least one inlet of the reaction chamber.

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