CN212217766U - Track structure of precision numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model aims at providing a track structure with accurate digit control machine tool of high bending resistance and high rigidity, the up end symmetry of lathe bed is provided with two side casees, be fixed with first linear guide on the side case, two first linear guide parallel arrangement and length direction and the Y of both sides are parallel to, first slider constitutes sliding fit with first linear guide, the both ends of crossbeam respectively with the first slider fixed connection of both sides, be provided with second linear guide on the crossbeam, second linear guide's length direction and X are parallel to, the second slider constitutes sliding fit with second linear guide, be provided with on the second slider with Z to parallel third linear guide, slide and third linear guide constitute sliding fit. According to the scheme, the cross beam is arranged above the two side boxes and synchronously acts along with the first sliding block. Therefore, the high bending resistance of external load heavy load in XYZ direction can be borne, the torsion error between the X axis and the Y axis is reduced, and the rigidity and the precision of the numerical control machine tool during cutting and machining are ensured.

Description

Track structure of precision numerical control machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a digit control machine tool technical field, concretely relates to track structure of accurate digit control machine tool.

Background

With the development of mechanical cutting machining towards the direction of integration, high speed, high rigidity and high precision, multi-axis numerical control machining becomes the mainstream of modern advanced manufacturing technology, a machine tool track structure is taken as an important component part of a numerical control machine tool, the rigidity of the machine tool is obviously influenced, and the structural dynamics characteristics of the machine tool directly influence the machining precision and the product quality of the whole machine tool.

Some numerical control machine tools require that a spindle head can move to any position in an operation plane in the X direction and the Y direction, namely, a cutter arranged on the spindle head is driven to move to any position of the operation plane, and a workpiece to be processed is processed; in order to achieve the above purpose, the most common design is to arrange a cross guide rail assembly on a machine body, however, the track structure has poor bending resistance and poor rigidity, and cannot meet the requirements of modern precise numerical control machine tools; another common arrangement mode is that two columns are arranged on two sides of a cross beam, the cross beam is arranged on a two-way guide rail between the columns, a tool rest and a processing main shaft move on the cross beam, the cross beam is designed into a van-type internal rib cavity layout, a plate rib form is adopted, or an anti-bending beam is additionally arranged outside the cross beam. However, the rail structure is difficult to eliminate bending deformation of the cross beam or the upright column, has heavy weight, is easy to generate guide rail deformation, causes the problem of large error of the straightness of the rail, causes error of the machining of a main shaft cutter on the cross beam, and causes the quality problem of machined parts.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a track structure of accurate digit control machine tool with high bending resistance and high rigidity.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be: the utility model provides a track structure of accurate digit control machine tool, the up end symmetry of lathe bed is provided with two side casees, be fixed with first linear guide on the side case, two first linear guide parallel arrangement and length direction and the Y of both sides are parallel to, first slider constitutes sliding fit with first linear guide, the both ends of crossbeam respectively with the first slider fixed connection of both sides, be provided with second linear guide on the crossbeam, the length direction and the X of second linear guide are parallel arrangement, second slider constitutes sliding fit with second linear guide, be provided with the third linear guide parallel with Z on the second slider, the slide constitutes sliding fit with third linear guide.

In the scheme, the cross beam is arranged above the two side boxes and synchronously acts along with the first sliding block. Therefore, the high bending resistance force of external load heavy load in XYZ direction can be borne, the torsion error between the X axis and the Y axis is reduced, and the rigidity and the precision of the numerical control machine tool during processing are ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a numerically controlled machine tool;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a left side view of fig. 2.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-3, a track structure of a precision numerical control machine tool, two side boxes 20 are symmetrically arranged on an upper end surface of a machine tool body 10, first linear guide rails 21 are fixed on the side boxes 20, the two first linear guide rails 21 on two sides are arranged in parallel, the length direction of the two first linear guide rails 21 is parallel to the Y direction, a first slider 22 and the first linear guide rails 21 form a sliding fit, two ends of a cross beam 23 are respectively fixedly connected with the first slider 22 on two sides, a second linear guide rail 25 is arranged on the cross beam 23, the length direction of the second linear guide rail 25 is arranged in parallel to the X direction, the second slider 22 and the second linear guide rail 25 form a sliding fit, a third linear guide rail 26 parallel to the Z direction is arranged on the second slider 22, and a sliding fit is formed between a sliding seat 31 and the third linear guide. Compare with cross slip table and stand among the prior art, set up crossbeam 23 in two side case 20 tops, two side case 20 height are low, and bending resistance, anti deformability are good, and crossbeam 23 is along with first slider 22 synchronization action simultaneously, consequently, can bear the heavily loaded high bending resistance of external load of XYZ direction, has reduced the torsion error between X axle and Y axle, has guaranteed rigidity and intensity that this digit control machine tool is adding man-hour, and then has guaranteed the machining precision of treating the machined part.

Specifically, crossbeam 23 includes body 231, the both ends position downwardly extending of body 231 is provided with connecting plate 232, crossbeam 23's the whole type that is the type of falling T in cross-section promptly, crossbeam 231 rigidity of this kind of structure is good, crossbeam 231 front and back, bilateral symmetry, weight is lighter relatively, the mechanical properties potentiality of performance material, connecting plate 232's the whole type that is in cross-section, first slider 22 is fixed to be set up on the lower face of connecting plate 232 roof, set up the linear electric motor a that drives first slider 22 and remove in the cavity that side case 20 lock constitutes of connecting plate 232. The n-shaped connecting plate 232 can provide an installation space for installing the first sliding block 22, the first linear guide rail 21 and the linear motor a, and meanwhile, the side plates on the two sides can also prevent sundries from entering the cavity, so that the smoothness of the sliding fit of the first sliding block 22 and the first linear guide rail 21 is ensured. The cross beam 23 and the two side boxes 20 together form a gantry type structure, and the special gantry type machine tool structure can obviously improve the torsion resistant section distance of the track section.

Preferably, since the slide seat 31 is mounted on the second slide block 22 in sliding fit with the second linear guide rail 25, and the slide seat 31 is used for mounting the electric spindle, the second linear guide rail 25 bears the weight of the slide seat 31 and the motor spindle, and overcomes the bending moment generated by the slide seat 31 and the motor spindle, two second linear guide rails 25 are provided, one is arranged on the upper end surface of the body 231, the other is arranged at the lower position of the side surface of the body 231, and the transverse plate and the vertical plate of the folded plate-shaped second slide block 22 respectively form sliding fit with the two second linear guide rails 25. The second linear guide 25 disposed on the upper end surface of the body 231 mainly receives the force and bending moment in the Y direction, the second linear guide 25 disposed at the lower position of the side surface of the body 231 mainly receives the force and bending moment in the Z direction, the two second linear guides 25 supplement each other and commonly receive the force and bending moment in the Y, Z direction, and the first linear guides 21 disposed on the upper end surfaces of the two cases 61 can receive the force and bending moment in the X direction, thereby ensuring high bending resistance of the entire track system.

Further, the first linear guide 21 is in the same horizontal plane as the second linear guide 25 provided at a lower position of the side surface of the body 231. The novel special beam structure can bear high bending resistance of X, Y, Z-direction external load heavy load, reduces torsion error between an X axis and a Y axis, ensures rigidity and strength of a motion structure during machining of the numerical control machine tool, and further ensures machining precision of a workpiece to be machined.

In order to limit the stroke of the first slider 22 on the first linear guide 21 and prevent the first slider from falling off the first linear guide 21 due to an excessive stroke, first stoppers 27 are fixed to the outer vertical plates of the connecting plate 232 at the positions of both ends in the Y direction, respectively, second stoppers 28 are provided at both ends of the side box 20 in the Y direction, and the first stoppers 27 and the second stoppers 28 constitute a stopper function.

In order to facilitate the detection of the position of the beam 23, a grating ruler 29 is further installed at the upper position of the side edge of the side box 20, and the grating ruler 29 is used as a position detection element and sends a command to the numerical control system, so that the linear axis can reach a relatively accurate position.

The first linear guide 21, the second linear guide 25, and the third linear guide 26 are precision rolling guides. Because the rolling guide rails can bear radial and normal loads, the two second linear guide rails 25 on all the cross beams can bear Y, Z-direction force and bending moment, the structures of the two first linear guide rails 21 on the two side boxes 20 can bear X-direction force and bending moment, and the gate-type structure is matched with a special cross beam structure, so that high bending resistance and high rigidity of a machine tool structure are realized, the flutter and deformation of a precise numerical control machine tool are reduced, and the precision and the surface quality of machined parts of the precise machine tool can be ensured.

In order to ensure the rigidity and reliability of the machine tool track, the height of the stand column is selected to be reduced, the stand column evolves into a Y double-track structure with a large length-width ratio and a large length-height ratio, a T-shaped cross beam with good rigidity is additionally arranged on the stand column, the cross beam structure is symmetrical front and back and left and right, the weight is relatively light, the mechanical property potential of materials can be exerted, and the special gantry type machine tool structure can obviously improve the anti-torsion section distance of the track section.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a track structure of precision numerical control machine tool which characterized in that: two side boxes (20) are symmetrically arranged on the upper end face of the lathe bed (10), first linear guide rails (21) are fixed on the side boxes (20), the two first linear guide rails (21) on the two sides are arranged in parallel, the length direction of the two first linear guide rails is parallel to the Y direction, the first sliding blocks (22) and the first linear guide rails (21) form sliding fit, the two ends of the cross beam (23) are respectively fixedly connected with the first sliding blocks (22) on the two sides, second linear guide rails (25) are arranged on the cross beam (23), the length direction of the second linear guide rails (25) is arranged in parallel to the X direction, the second sliding blocks (24) and the second linear guide rails (25) form sliding fit, third linear guide rails (26) parallel to the Z direction are arranged on the second sliding blocks (24), and the sliding seats (31) and the third linear guide rails (26) form sliding fit.

2. The rail structure of a precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: crossbeam (23) include body (231), and the both ends position downwardly extending of body (231) is provided with connecting plate (232), and the whole n type that is in cross-section of connecting plate (232), first slider (22) are fixed to be set up on the lower face of connecting plate (232) roof, and set up linear electric motor (a) that drive first slider (22) and remove in the cavity that connecting plate (232) and side case (20) lock constitute.

3. The rail structure of a precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: two second linear guide rails (25) are arranged, one second linear guide rail is arranged on the upper end face of the body (231), the other second linear guide rail is arranged at the position, close to the lower part of the side face of the body (231), and a transverse plate and a vertical plate of the folded plate-shaped second sliding block (24) are in sliding fit with the two second linear guide rails (25) respectively.

4. The rail structure of a precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein: the first linear guide (21) and a second linear guide (25) provided at a position lower than the side surface of the main body (231) are in the same horizontal plane.

5. The rail structure of a precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: two first stoppers (27) are respectively fixed at two end positions of the outer vertical plate of the connecting plate (232) in the Y direction, two second stoppers (28) are also arranged at two ends of the side box (20) in the Y direction, and the first stoppers (27) and the second stoppers (28) form a limiting function.

6. The rail structure of a precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 5, wherein: a grating ruler (29) is also arranged at the upper part of the side box (20).

7. The rail structure of a precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the first linear guide rail (21), the second linear guide rail (25) and the third linear guide rail (26) are precision rolling guide rails.

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