CN212210475U - Overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit - Google Patents
Overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN212210475U CN212210475U CN202021163290.9U CN202021163290U CN212210475U CN 212210475 U CN212210475 U CN 212210475U CN 202021163290 U CN202021163290 U CN 202021163290U CN 212210475 U CN212210475 U CN 212210475U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an excessive pressure self-locking protection circuit overflows, relate to intelligent electron field, the self-locking protection circuit including the electricity connection, overvoltage detection circuit and overcurrent detection circuit, wherein self-locking protection circuit concatenates in the return circuit that will protect, wherein overvoltage detection circuit embeds there is first threshold value, overvoltage detection circuit is used for detecting return circuit voltage, and when voltage surpasses first threshold value, self-locking protection circuit is given to transmission self-locking signal, wherein overcurrent detection circuit embeds there is the second threshold value, overcurrent detection circuit is used for detecting return circuit current, and transmit self-locking signal when the electric current surpasses the second threshold value and give self-locking protection circuit, self-locking protection circuit is used for according to self-locking signal open circuit and last self-locking disconnection. It is visible, the utility model discloses an excessive pressure self-locking protection circuit overflows cuts off the return circuit when can appearing overflowing the excessive pressure in the return circuit and realize the protection, and the simple structure of each circuit, and is with low costs, simple easy operation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an intelligence electron technical field especially relates to an excessive pressure self-locking protection circuit overflows.
Background
When the power supply supplies power to the load, the load and the power supply form a loop, the situation of overcurrent and overvoltage can occur in the loop, and once the situation of overcurrent and overvoltage occurs, the load and the power supply can be damaged. In order to solve the above technical problems, a protection circuit is usually disposed in the loop, and once overcurrent and overvoltage occur in the loop, the protection circuit cuts off the loop to prevent damage to the load and the power supply. However, the conventional protection circuit usually employs an integrated chip, and the integrated chip has the disadvantages of high price, complex function and complex operation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above-mentioned not enough, the utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: the overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit is simple in circuit structure, low in cost, simple and easy to operate.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:
an overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit comprises a self-locking protection circuit, an overvoltage detection circuit and an overcurrent detection circuit which are electrically connected, wherein the self-locking protection circuit is connected in series in a loop to be protected, a first threshold value is arranged in the overvoltage detection circuit, and a second threshold value is arranged in the overcurrent detection circuit; the overvoltage detection circuit is used for detecting loop voltage and transmitting a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit when the voltage exceeds the first threshold, the overcurrent detection circuit is used for detecting loop current and transmitting a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit when the current exceeds the second threshold, and the self-locking protection circuit is used for disconnecting the loop according to the self-locking signal and realizing self-locking continuous disconnection.
Preferably, the self-locking protection circuit comprises a first switch circuit and a self-locking circuit which are electrically connected, the first switch circuit is connected in series in a loop to be protected, the first switch circuit is electrically connected with the overvoltage detection circuit, and the self-locking circuit is electrically connected with the overcurrent detection circuit; the overvoltage detection circuit outputs a self-locking signal to the first switch circuit, the first switch circuit is disconnected, and the self-locking circuit transmits a continuous disconnection electric signal to the first switch circuit, so that the first switch circuit is continuously disconnected to realize overvoltage self-locking; and/or the overcurrent detection circuit outputs a self-locking signal to the self-locking circuit, and the self-locking circuit transmits a disconnection and continuous disconnection electric signal to the first switch circuit, so that the first switch circuit is continuously disconnected to realize overcurrent self-locking.
Preferably, the loop to be protected is composed of a load and a power supply; the first switch circuit comprises a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor; the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor is electrically connected with the output end of the overvoltage detection circuit, and the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor is electrically connected with the load; the grid electrode of the second field effect tube is electrically connected with the self-locking circuit, the source electrode of the second field effect tube is electrically connected with the self-locking circuit through a resistor, and the drain electrode of the second field effect tube is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect tube.
Preferably, the self-locking circuit comprises a first triode and a second triode; the base electrode of the first triode is connected with voltage, the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with voltage, the collecting electrode of the first triode is electrically connected with the base electrode of the second triode through a resistor, the base electrode of the second triode is electrically connected with the output end of the over-current detection circuit, the base electrode of the second triode is also electrically connected with the source electrode and the grid electrode of the second field effect tube, the emitting electrode of the second triode is grounded, and the collecting electrode of the second triode is connected with voltage.
Preferably, the overvoltage detection circuit comprises a voltage sampling circuit with a built-in first threshold value and a second switch circuit, and the second switch circuit is electrically connected with the self-locking protection circuit; the voltage sampling circuit is connected in parallel in a loop to be protected to collect loop voltage, and when the loop voltage is larger than a first threshold value, the voltage sampling circuit triggers the second switch circuit to be conducted, so that the second switch circuit transmits a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit.
Preferably, the voltage sampling circuit comprises a first sampling resistor and a voltage regulator tube which are connected in series, the first sampling resistor and the voltage regulator tube are connected in parallel in a loop to be protected, and the voltage regulation value of the voltage regulator tube is a first threshold value.
Preferably, the second switch circuit comprises a switch tube, a control end of the switch tube is electrically connected with the voltage sampling circuit, and an output end of the switch tube is electrically connected with the self-locking protection circuit.
Preferably, the over-current detection circuit comprises a second sampling resistor and a voltage comparison circuit with a built-in second threshold; the second sampling resistor is connected in series in a loop to be protected to collect loop current and convert the loop current into sampling voltage to be connected to the voltage comparison circuit, the voltage comparison circuit compares the sampling voltage with a second threshold value, and when the sampling voltage is larger than the second threshold value, the over-current detection circuit outputs a self-locking signal.
Preferably, the voltage comparison circuit includes an operational amplifier, a positive input terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected to the second sampling resistor, a negative input terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded via a resistor, and an output terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected to the self-locking protection circuit; the operational amplifier adjusts the second threshold value by adjusting the amplification factor.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
because the utility model discloses an excessive pressure auto-lock protection circuit overflows, auto-lock protection circuit including the electricity connection, overvoltage crowbar and overflow detection circuit, wherein auto-lock protection circuit concatenates in the return circuit that will protect, wherein overvoltage crowbar embeds there is first threshold value, overvoltage crowbar is used for detection loop voltage, and when voltage surpassed first threshold value, auto-lock protection circuit is given to transmission auto-lock signal, wherein overflow detection circuit embeds there is the second threshold value, overflow detection circuit is used for detecting return circuit electric current, and transmit auto-lock signal when electric current surpasses the second threshold value and give auto-lock protection circuit, auto-lock protection circuit is used for according to auto-lock signal open circuit and last auto-lock disconnection. It is visible, the utility model discloses an excessive pressure self-locking protection circuit overflows cuts off the return circuit when can appearing overflowing the excessive pressure in the return circuit and realize the protection, the simple structure of each circuit moreover, and is with low costs, simple easy operation.
The voltage sampling circuit comprises a first sampling resistor and a voltage stabilizing tube which are connected in series, the first sampling resistor and the voltage stabilizing tube are connected in parallel in a loop to be protected, the voltage stabilizing value of the voltage stabilizing tube is a first threshold value, and the first threshold value is adjusted by adjusting the voltage stabilizing tube so as to protect different overvoltage.
The voltage comparison circuit comprises an operational amplifier, the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier is electrically connected with the second sampling resistor, the reverse phase input end of the operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor, and the output end of the operational amplifier is electrically connected with the self-locking protection circuit; the operational amplifier adjusts the second threshold value by adjusting the amplification factor so as to protect different overcurrents.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the over-current and over-voltage self-locking protection circuit of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the over-current and over-voltage self-locking protection circuit of the present invention;
in the figure: the circuit comprises a 1-self-locking protection circuit, a 2-overvoltage detection circuit and a 3-overcurrent detection circuit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit includes a self-locking protection circuit 1, an overvoltage detection circuit 2 and an overcurrent detection circuit 3, which are electrically connected, wherein the self-locking protection circuit 1 is connected in series in a loop to be protected, the loop in this example is composed of a power Vin and a load V0, a first threshold is built in the overvoltage detection circuit 2, the overvoltage detection circuit 2 is used for detecting a loop voltage and transmitting a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit 1 when the voltage exceeds the first threshold, a second threshold is built in the overcurrent detection circuit 3, the overcurrent detection circuit 3 is used for detecting a loop current and transmitting the self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit 1 when the current exceeds the second threshold, and the self-locking protection circuit 1 is used for disconnecting the loop according to the self-locking signal and continuously performing self-locking disconnection.
Under normal conditions, the self-locking protection circuit 1 is in a conducting state, and the power source Vin normally supplies power to the load V0. Meanwhile, the overvoltage detection circuit 2 and the overcurrent detection circuit 3 respectively detect the voltage and the current in the loop, when the voltage in the loop is greater than a first threshold value, the overvoltage detection circuit 2 outputs a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit 1, and the self-locking protection circuit 1 disconnects the loop to prevent overvoltage from damaging the power Vin and the load V0; when the current in the loop is larger than the second threshold value, the overvoltage detection circuit 2 outputs a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit 1, and the self-locking protection circuit 1 disconnects the loop to prevent the power Vin and the load V0 from being damaged by overcurrent. When the loop needs to be reused, the power-off is restarted.
Because the self-locking protection circuit, the overvoltage detection circuit and the overcurrent detection circuit are independently arranged circuits and can be built by discrete elements, the circuit has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simplicity and easiness in operation.
As shown in fig. 2, the self-locking protection circuit 1 includes a first switch circuit and a self-locking circuit which are electrically connected, the first switch circuit is connected in series in a loop to be protected, the first switch circuit is electrically connected with the overvoltage detection circuit 2, and the self-locking circuit is electrically connected with the overcurrent detection circuit 3; the overvoltage detection circuit 2 outputs a self-locking signal to the first switch circuit, the first switch circuit is disconnected, and the self-locking circuit transmits a continuous disconnection electric signal to the first switch circuit, so that the first switch circuit is continuously disconnected to realize overvoltage self-locking; and/or the overcurrent detection circuit 3 outputs a self-locking signal to the self-locking circuit, and the self-locking circuit transmits a disconnection and continuous disconnection electric signal to the first switch circuit, so that the first switch circuit is continuously disconnected to realize overcurrent self-locking.
Wherein: the first switch circuit comprises a first field effect transistor Q2 and a second field effect transistor Q3; the source electrode of the first field-effect tube Q2 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply Vin, the grid electrode of the first field-effect tube Q2 is electrically connected with the output end of the overvoltage detection circuit 2 through a resistor R4, and the drain electrode of the first field-effect tube Q2 is electrically connected with a load V0 (the end of the load connected with the positive electrode of the power supply); the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor Q3 is electrically connected with the self-locking circuit through a resistor R6, the source electrode of the second field effect transistor Q3 is electrically connected with the self-locking circuit through a resistor 15, and the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor Q3 is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor Q2.
Wherein: the self-locking circuit comprises a first triode Q4 and a second triode Q5; the base of the first triode Q4 is connected with a voltage VCC through a resistor R17, the emitter voltage VCC of the first triode Q4, the collector of the first triode Q4 is electrically connected with the base of the second triode Q5 through a resistor R15, the base of the second triode Q5 is electrically connected with the output end of the over-current detection circuit 3 through a resistor R13, the base of the second triode Q5 is also electrically connected with the source and the gate of the second field-effect transistor Q3, the emitter of the second triode Q5 is grounded GND, the collector of the second triode Q5 is connected with the voltage VCC, and the base of the second triode Q5 is also grounded GND through a resistor R14 and a resistor R12.
As shown in fig. 2, the overvoltage detection circuit 2 includes a voltage sampling circuit with a built-in first threshold and a second switch circuit, and the second switch circuit is electrically connected to the self-locking protection circuit 1; the voltage sampling circuit is connected in parallel in the loop to be protected to collect loop voltage, and when the loop voltage is greater than a first threshold value, the voltage sampling circuit triggers the second switch circuit to be conducted, so that the second switch circuit transmits a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit 1.
The voltage sampling circuit comprises a first sampling resistor R1 and a voltage regulator tube D which are connected in series, the first sampling resistor R1 and the voltage regulator tube D are connected in parallel in a loop to be protected, the other end of the first sampling resistor R1 is electrically connected with the positive pole of a power Vin, the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube D is electrically connected with the negative pole of the power Vin, and the voltage regulation value of the voltage regulator tube D is a first threshold value. The first threshold is adjusted by adjusting the voltage regulator tube to protect against different overvoltages.
The second switching circuit comprises a switching tube, the switching tube is preferably a triode Q1, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is electrically connected with the connecting end of the first sampling resistor R1 and the voltage regulator tube D through a resistor R2, the emitting electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the positive electrode of the power Vin, and the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect tube Q2 through a resistor R4.
Overvoltage self-locking protection working principle: the voltage regulator tube D is used for setting a first threshold value of overvoltage protection, when the voltage of the loop exceeds the stable voltage value of the voltage regulator tube, the triode Q1 can be conducted, the grid voltage of the first field effect tube Q2 is pulled high, the first field effect tube Q2 is cut off, and the loop is cut off. The base voltage of the second triode Q5 is pulled up through the parasitic capacitance of the second field effect transistor Q3, so that the second triode Q5 is conducted, the base voltage of the first triode Q4 is pulled down, the first triode Q4 is conducted, the first triode Q4 is conducted, the conduction of the second triode Q5 and the conduction of the second field effect transistor Q3 are maintained, the cut-off of the first field effect transistor Q2 is maintained, and the self-locking continuous disconnection protection is completed.
As shown in fig. 2, the over-current detection circuit 3 includes a second sampling resistor R7 and a voltage comparison circuit with a built-in second threshold; the second sampling resistor R7 is connected in series in the loop to be protected to collect the loop current, in this example, the second sampling resistor R7 is connected in series between the negative electrode of the power Vin and the load V0, and is converted into a sampling voltage to be connected to the voltage comparison circuit, the voltage comparison circuit compares the sampling voltage with a second threshold, and when the sampling voltage is greater than the second threshold, the over-current detection circuit 3 outputs a self-locking signal.
The voltage comparison circuit comprises an operational amplifier U, wherein the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier U is electrically connected with a second sampling resistor R7 through a resistor R8, the reverse phase input end of the operational amplifier U is grounded through a resistor R9, and the output end of the operational amplifier U is electrically connected with the base electrode of a second triode Q5 through a resistor R11 and a resistor R13; the operational amplifier U adjusts the second threshold by adjusting the amplification factor.
Overcurrent self-locking protection working principle: by amplifying the voltage generated by the current flowing through the second sampling resistor R7, the self-locking protection circuit 1 is activated when the second threshold value is exceeded. The second threshold of the current protection is set by modifying the amplification of the non-inverting amplification circuit of the operational amplifier U. When the voltage signal on the second sampling resistor R7 reaches the voltage value for conducting the second triode Q5, the second triode Q5 is conducted, so that the base voltage of the first triode Q4 is reduced, the first triode Q4 is conducted, the first triode Q4 is conducted, the conduction of the second triode Q5 and the conduction of the second field-effect tube Q3 are maintained, the interception of the first field-effect tube Q2 is maintained, and the self-locking continuous disconnection protection is completed.
The first, second and third are not in a substantial sequential sense, but are merely for distinction and clarity of description.
The above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, such as an improvement of the over-current and over-voltage self-locking protection circuit, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit is characterized by comprising a self-locking protection circuit, an overvoltage detection circuit and an overcurrent detection circuit which are electrically connected, wherein the self-locking protection circuit is connected in series in a loop to be protected, a first threshold value is arranged in the overvoltage detection circuit, and a second threshold value is arranged in the overcurrent detection circuit;
the overvoltage detection circuit is used for detecting the loop voltage and transmitting a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit when the voltage exceeds the first threshold value,
the over-current detection circuit is used for detecting loop current and transmitting a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit when the current exceeds the second threshold value,
the self-locking protection circuit is used for disconnecting the loop according to the self-locking signal and realizing self-locking continuous disconnection.
2. The over-current and over-voltage self-locking protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the self-locking protection circuit comprises a first switch circuit and a self-locking circuit which are electrically connected, the first switch circuit is connected in series in a loop to be protected, the first switch circuit is electrically connected with the over-voltage detection circuit, and the self-locking circuit is electrically connected with the over-current detection circuit;
the overvoltage detection circuit outputs a self-locking signal to the first switch circuit, the first switch circuit is disconnected, and the self-locking circuit transmits a continuous disconnection electric signal to the first switch circuit, so that the first switch circuit is continuously disconnected to realize overvoltage self-locking; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the overcurrent detection circuit outputs a self-locking signal to the self-locking circuit, and the self-locking circuit transmits a disconnection and continuous disconnection electric signal to the first switch circuit, so that the first switch circuit is continuously disconnected to realize overcurrent self-locking.
3. The overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the circuit to be protected is composed of a load and a power supply;
the first switch circuit comprises a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor;
the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor is electrically connected with the output end of the overvoltage detection circuit, and the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor is electrically connected with the load;
the grid electrode of the second field effect tube is electrically connected with the self-locking circuit, the source electrode of the second field effect tube is electrically connected with the self-locking circuit through a resistor, and the drain electrode of the second field effect tube is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect tube.
4. The over-current and over-voltage self-locking protection circuit according to claim 3, wherein the self-locking circuit comprises a first triode and a second triode;
the base electrode of the first triode is connected with voltage, the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with voltage, the collecting electrode of the first triode is electrically connected with the base electrode of the second triode through a resistor, the base electrode of the second triode is electrically connected with the output end of the over-current detection circuit, the base electrode of the second triode is also electrically connected with the source electrode and the grid electrode of the second field effect tube, the emitting electrode of the second triode is grounded, and the collecting electrode of the second triode is connected with voltage.
5. The overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the overvoltage detection circuit comprises a voltage sampling circuit with a built-in first threshold and a second switch circuit, and the second switch circuit is electrically connected with the self-locking protection circuit;
the voltage sampling circuit is connected in parallel in a loop to be protected to collect loop voltage, and when the loop voltage is larger than a first threshold value, the voltage sampling circuit triggers the second switch circuit to be conducted, so that the second switch circuit transmits a self-locking signal to the self-locking protection circuit.
6. The over-current and over-voltage self-locking protection circuit according to claim 5, wherein the voltage sampling circuit comprises a first sampling resistor and a voltage regulator tube which are connected in series, the first sampling resistor and the voltage regulator tube are connected in parallel in a loop to be protected, and the voltage regulation value of the voltage regulator tube is a first threshold value.
7. The over-current and over-voltage self-locking protection circuit according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the second switch circuit comprises a switch tube, a control end of the switch tube is electrically connected with the voltage sampling circuit, and an output end of the switch tube is electrically connected with the self-locking protection circuit.
8. The overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the overcurrent detection circuit comprises a second sampling resistor and a voltage comparison circuit with a built-in second threshold;
the second sampling resistor is connected in series in a loop to be protected to collect loop current and convert the loop current into sampling voltage to be connected into the voltage comparison circuit,
the voltage comparison circuit compares the sampling voltage with a second threshold value, and when the sampling voltage is greater than the second threshold value, the over-current detection circuit outputs a self-locking signal.
9. The over-current and over-voltage self-locking protection circuit according to claim 8, wherein the voltage comparison circuit comprises an operational amplifier, a positive input terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected with the second sampling resistor, a negative input terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor, and an output terminal of the operational amplifier is electrically connected with the self-locking protection circuit;
the operational amplifier adjusts the second threshold value by adjusting the amplification factor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021163290.9U CN212210475U (en) | 2020-06-20 | 2020-06-20 | Overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021163290.9U CN212210475U (en) | 2020-06-20 | 2020-06-20 | Overcurrent and overvoltage self-locking protection circuit |
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| CN212210475U true CN212210475U (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114336517A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 赛尔富电子有限公司 | Overvoltage self-locking protection circuit and power supply |
| CN114447880A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-06 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Load overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit and vehicle power supply system |
| CN115066062A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-09-16 | 江西嘉捷鑫源科技有限公司 | Lamp area control circuit, lamp area controller and lamp area system |
-
2020
- 2020-06-20 CN CN202021163290.9U patent/CN212210475U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114336517A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 赛尔富电子有限公司 | Overvoltage self-locking protection circuit and power supply |
| CN114336517B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-12-22 | 赛尔富电子有限公司 | Overvoltage self-locking protection circuit and power supply |
| CN114447880A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-06 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Load overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit and vehicle power supply system |
| CN115066062A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-09-16 | 江西嘉捷鑫源科技有限公司 | Lamp area control circuit, lamp area controller and lamp area system |
| CN115066062B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-11-15 | 江西嘉捷鑫源科技有限公司 | Lamp area control circuit, lamp area controller and lamp area system |
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