CN212202900U - Axial clearance and pretightning force adjusting structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gear clutch shaft assemblies, in particular to an axial clearance and pretightening force adjusting structure, which comprises a clutch shaft horizontally arranged, a clutch component is arranged on the clutch shaft between the box body and the oil inlet end cover, the right end of the clutch component is provided with a piston which is sleeved and installed on the outer side of the clutch shaft, the piston is matched with the right end of the clutch friction braking piece through a third bearing, a first adjusting piece is arranged between the right side of the shaft shoulder of the middle-section stepped shaft section of the piston and the oil inlet end cover, the second adjusting piece is arranged on the right side of the second bearing, and the two second disc springs which are placed back to back are adopted to adjust the axial clearance and pre-tightening force of the bearing, so that the complex operation and adverse effect when the existing method for adjusting the axial clearance and the pre-tightening force is adopted are avoided.

Description

Axial clearance and pretightning force adjusting structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of gear clutch shaft assembly technique and specifically relates to carry out the structure of adjusting to the axial clearance and the pretightning force of bearing, especially an axial clearance and pretightning force adjustment structure in the gear clutch shaft assembly.

Background

When the bearing is installed and used, the structural type and the application range of the bearing need to be fully considered, and a deep groove ball bearing, a needle bearing, a tapered roller bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing, a thrust ball bearing and the like are commonly used in the clutch shaft of the engineering machinery; the tapered roller bearing is mainly suitable for bearing radial and axial loads which mainly take the radial load, and the larger the contact angle is, the larger the axial load capacity is; the components need to be arranged oppositely, matched or assembled for use when bearing radial load; meanwhile, the inner ring and the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing are separated, and the conical roller bearing is convenient to disassemble and assemble.

The important range of considering of this patent is the adjustment of tapered roller bearing axle clearance and pretightning force. The structure can be used in various gear clutches.

At present, most of the methods for adjusting the axial clearance on the domestic existing gear clutch shaft assembly adopt adjusting gaskets with different thicknesses to adjust the axial clearance and the pretightening force. The adjusting shim is mostly made of 08F materials, and the thicknesses of the adjusting shim are different from 0.1mm, 0.25mm and 0.5 mm. Taking a 3-ton loader gearbox clutch structure commonly used in China as an example, a method for adjusting axial clearance and pre-tightening force commonly used in the prior art is introduced, for example, fig. 1 is a clutch axial clearance adjusting structure in the prior art, and is shown as 1, an output flange; 2. an output end cover; 3, a box body; 4. a gear 1; 5. a pressure bearing disc; 6. a friction plate; 7. a steel sheet; 8. a piston; 9. a separation spring; 10. a clutch housing; 11. a gear 2; 12. a clutch shaft; 13. a tapered roller bearing; 13. an outer case; 14. an oil inlet end cover; 16. adjusting shims-1, -2, -3.

A3-ton loader gearbox clutch shaft assembly commonly used in China adopts paired tapered roller bearings 13 to support and fix a clutch shaft on two side box bodies. The whole clutch shaft is provided with components such as a gear 1, a gear 2, a clutch housing, a release spring and the like, the gear 2 is fixedly mounted with the clutch shaft through a spline, and the clutch shaft structure has strict requirements on the axial dimension of the whole shaft. If the axial clearance is too large, this may lead to the following consequences: 1. when the clutch works, the gear engagement is unstable, the noise is increased, the axial movement of the gear or the bearing is increased, and further the gear, the bearing and other parts in the clutch assembly are damaged; 2. the overlarge axial clearance can also influence the stroke of the piston, so that the stroke of the piston is enlarged, and the engagement and the separation of the friction plate and the steel sheet are further influenced, so that the friction plate and the steel sheet cannot be tightly pressed during engagement to generate a slip phenomenon, and the normal operation cannot be realized; if the axial clearance is too small, the bearing and the box body may be stuck.

In order to avoid the above disadvantages, 16 adjusting gaskets-1, -2, -3 (-1, -2, -3 represent that the thicknesses are 0.1mm, 0.25mm and 0.5mm are different) are added between an output end cover 2 and a box body 3 of the 3-ton loader gearbox clutch shaft assembly, the gaskets with different thickness specifications are selected according to actual conditions, the axial clearance of the whole clutch shaft assembly is ensured to be controlled to be 0.1-0.3mm specified by a standard or an empirical value, and meanwhile, the proper bearing clearance can play a role in pre-tightening the bearing. The proper pretightening force can increase the rigidity of the bearing, improve the positioning precision and the rotation precision of the bearing, reduce the vibration and the noise of the bearing, reduce the sliding of the rolling bodies relative to the inner and outer ring raceways caused by the inertia moment, and the like.

The adjusting structure needs an assembly operator to continuously debug and measure the clearance after the assembly of the clutch shaft assembly is finished, and gaskets with different thickness specifications are selected to control the axial clearance, so that the operation is complex; in addition, due to the factors of dimensional tolerance accumulation of parts in the axial direction, gaps are different after the clutch shaft assembly is assembled, the thickness specifications of the required gaskets are not uniform, and the standardized operation is not facilitated.

Related terms of the prior art explain:

a clutch: the mechanism used to connect and disconnect the engine to the transmission (in order to disconnect and connect power). When the vehicle is started or stopped, the engine of the vehicle runs at a high speed, but the vehicle does not move forward because the power is cut off; after the clutch is engaged, the vehicle can transmit the power of the engine to the running mechanism (shaft, tire, etc.) through the transmission to move the vehicle forward.

A gear clutch: the gear shifting mechanism is applied to the interior of a gearbox and used for connecting and cutting off the transmission of power between different shafts in the gearbox, and the gear shifting is realized. The gear clutch is combined, power can be transmitted to the shaft through the gear, and the shaft drives other gears to transmit power; the gear clutch is separated, the gear idles, the power between the gear and the shaft is cut off, and the power is transmitted through other routes, so that the change of different gears is realized.

Bearing pre-tightening: the bearing pre-tightening means that a certain pre-load is applied after the bearing is installed in the shaft and the outer shell hole, so that the rolling body, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing generate certain pre-deformation to keep the inner ring and the outer ring in a metal deposit state. The purpose of pre-tightening is to increase the rigidity of the bearing; the positioning precision and the rotating precision of the bearing are improved, and the vibration and the noise of the bearing are reduced; the sliding of the rolling bodies relative to the inner and outer ring raceways and the like due to the moment of inertia are reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that one of above-mentioned technical problem adopted and be: the utility model provides an axial clearance and pretightning force adjustment structure, clutch shaft including the level setting, the box, the oil feed end cover center department that correspond position department are installed respectively through first bearing, second bearing in both ends about the clutch shaft the box oil feed end cover center install respectively rather than correspond second oil pipe, the first oil pipe of the inside intercommunication of position department the box with between the oil feed end cover clutch assembly is epaxial to install clutch assembly's right-hand member is equipped with one set of joint and installs the piston in the clutch shaft outside, the piston pass through a third bearing with clutch friction braking piece right-hand member cooperatees the middle section ladder shaft section shaft shoulder right side of piston with be equipped with first regulating part between the oil feed end cover second bearing right side is equipped with a second regulating part.

Preferably, the clutch assembly includes a transmission gear provided on an outer side wall of the clutch shaft inside the first bearing, the transmission gear is engaged with an output gear, and a clutch friction brake is mounted on the clutch shaft on a right side of the transmission gear.

Preferably, clutch friction brake spare includes that one cup joints through the bearing clutch housing gear on the clutch shaft outside wall, the right-hand member of clutch housing gear extend right and with the clutch shaft forms the annular chamber install fixed the cup joint in proper order from left to right in the annular chamber bearing disc, the spline housing on the clutch shaft outside wall install friction disc, the steel sheet that a plurality of each crisscross each other and the butt set up on the lateral wall of spline housing the spline housing right side install the friction disc, the steel sheet looks tight pressure disk that the friction disc, the steel sheet that a left end and corresponding position department were located on the clutch shaft outside wall, the right-hand member of pressure disk passes through the third bearing with the left end cavity inner wall of piston cooperates.

Preferably, the first adjusting part is including setting up the middle section ladder shaft section shaft shoulder right side of piston and with the ladder installation cavity that the cooperation formed between the oil feed end cover be equipped with in the ladder installation cavity and cup joint first dish spring assembly on the right shaft section outside wall of piston, the left end face of first dish spring assembly with the shaft shoulder terminal surface looks butt of piston, the right-hand member pass through the retaining ring with the right-hand member face looks butt of the left section cavity of ladder installation cavity.

Preferably, the second regulating part includes by the right-hand member cavity that second bearing right side, second oil pipe outside wall and oil feed end cover formed install one set of joint in the right-hand member cavity second belleville spring group on the second oil pipe outside wall, the left end of second belleville spring group pass through the wear pad with second bearing looks butt, right-hand member with the right-hand member cavity inner wall looks butt of oil feed end cover.

Preferably, the first set of belleville springs consists of two first belleville springs disposed back-to-back.

Preferably, the second disc spring set consists of two second disc springs arranged back to back.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are embodied in: the first adjusting piece and the second adjusting piece are arranged, so that the clutch shaft assembly is more stable and effective in work, and the complex operation and adverse effect when the axial clearance and pretightening force are adjusted by the conventional method for adjusting the spacer are avoided.

The second disk spring group in the second adjusting piece is used by combining two second disk springs back to back, the second disk springs generate certain pressing force by compression, the pressing force enables each bearing on the clutch shaft to bear corresponding pretightening force through transmission, and the axial clearance of the whole shaft is also controlled, so that the clutch shaft assembly is more stable and effective in working, and meanwhile, the complex operation and adverse effect when the existing method for adjusting the axial clearance and the pretightening force is adopted are avoided. In addition, the second disc spring set is located inside a product, is not easy to damage, has high reliability and contributes to compact arrangement of parts of the whole clutch shaft.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or components are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or components are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

In fig. 2, 1, a clutch shaft; 2. a first bearing; 3. a transmission gear; 4. a clutch housing gear; 5. a pressure bearing disc; 6. a separation spring; 7. a friction plate; 8. a steel sheet; 9. a spline housing; 10. a platen; 11. a third bearing; 12. a piston; 13. a first disc spring set; 14. a retainer ring; 15. a second bearing; 16. a second disc spring set; 17. a wear pad; 18. an output gear; 19. an oil inlet end cover; 20. a box body; 21. a second oil pipe; 22. a first oil pipe; 23. an annular cavity; 24. a step installation cavity; 25. the right-end cavity.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

The core part of the gear clutch assembly for which the structure of the invention is used is as follows: the two second disc springs which are placed back to back are innovatively adopted to adjust the axial clearance and pre-tighten the bearing.

As shown in fig. 2, an axial clearance and pre-tightening force adjusting structure comprises a clutch shaft 1 horizontally arranged, wherein the left end and the right end of the clutch shaft 1 are respectively installed at the center of a box body 20 and an oil inlet end cover 19 at corresponding positions through a first bearing 2 and a second bearing 15, the center of the box body 20 and the oil inlet end cover 19 are respectively provided with a second oil pipe 21 and a first oil pipe 22 communicated with the inside of the corresponding positions, a clutch assembly is installed on the clutch shaft 1 between the box body 20 and the oil inlet end cover 19, a separation spring 6 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the clutch shaft 1 at the left end face of a spline housing 9, the right end of the clutch assembly is provided with a piston 12 sleeved and installed at the outer side of the clutch shaft 1, the piston 12 is matched with a friction braking piece of the clutch through a third bearing 11, a first adjusting part is arranged between the right side of the shaft shoulder of the middle-section stepped shaft section of the piston 12 and the oil inlet end cover 19, and a second adjusting part is arranged on the right side of the second bearing 15.

Preferably, the clutch assembly comprises a transmission gear 3 arranged on the outer side wall of the clutch shaft 1 inside the first bearing 2, the transmission gear 3 is meshed with an output gear 18, and a clutch friction braking member is arranged on the clutch shaft 1 on the right side of the transmission gear 3.

Preferably, clutch friction brake spare includes that one cup joints through the bearing clutch housing gear 4 on the 1 outside of clutch shaft jade, the right-hand member of clutch housing gear 4 extend right and with 1 formation annular chamber 23 of clutch shaft installs fixed the cup joint in proper order from left to right in the annular chamber 23 bearing disc 105, spline housing 9 on the 1 outside jade of clutch shaft install friction disc 7, the steel sheet 8 that a plurality of each interlock each other and butt set up on the lateral wall of spline housing 9 the right side of spline housing 9 install a left end and correspond friction disc 7, the inconsistent pressure disk 10 of steel sheet 8 of position department on the 1 outside jade of clutch shaft, the pressure disk 10 pass through third bearing 11 with the left end cavity internal cooperation of piston 12.

Preferably, first regulating part is including setting up the middle section ladder shaft section shaft shoulder right side of piston 12 and with the ladder installation cavity 24 that the cooperation formed between the oil feed end cover 19 be equipped with in the ladder installation cavity 24 and cup joint first dish spring assembly 13 on the right shaft section outside wall of piston 12, the left end face of first dish spring assembly 13 with the shaft shoulder terminal surface looks butt of piston 12, the right-hand member pass through retaining ring 14 with the right-hand member face looks butt of the left section cavity of ladder installation cavity 24.

Preferably, the second adjusting part comprises a right end cavity 25 formed by the right side of the second bearing 15, the outer side wall of the second oil pipe 21 and the oil inlet end cover 19, a second belleville spring set 16 sleeved on the outer side wall of the second oil pipe 21 is installed in the right end cavity 25, the left end of the second belleville spring set 16 is abutted to the second bearing 15 through a wear-resisting pad 17, and the right end of the second belleville spring set is abutted to the inner wall of the right end cavity 25 of the oil inlet end cover 19.

Preferably, the first set of belleville springs 13 is comprised of two first sets of belleville springs 13 disposed back to back.

Preferably, the second disc spring set 16 consists of two second disc spring sets 16 arranged back to back.

The clutch shaft 1 assembly of the structure adopts the tapered roller bearing to support the clutch assembly and fix the clutch assembly with the box body 20, and the axial clearance of the whole clutch shaft 1 and the pretightening force of the tapered roller bearing also need to be considered, so the clutch of the structure adopts 2 second belleville springs which are arranged back to adjust the axial clearance and the pretightening force of the bearing.

So that it has the following advantages: 1. the size is small in the load action direction, the rigidity is high, the buffering and vibration absorbing capacity is high, and the axial space is compact; 2. the flexible variable-stiffness flexible load has variable-stiffness characteristics, the characteristic curve of the flexible variable-stiffness flexible load can be linear, incremental or the combination of different characteristic lines, and the flexible variable-stiffness flexible load can flexibly change along with the change of the actual load application condition; 3. by changing the number of the discs or the combination of the discs, different bearing capacities and characteristic curves can be obtained, so that the spring characteristics can be changed in a large range.

The invention adopts a pair of disc springs to be combined back to back for use, the disc springs are compressed by the design of the space size of a box body 20 to generate a certain pressing force, the pressing force presses a wear pad 17 leftwards, the wear pad 17 is contacted with an outer ring of a second bearing 15 (a tapered roller bearing), so that the second bearing 15 (the tapered roller bearing) is subjected to a leftward force, the leftward force of the outer ring of the bearing is transmitted to an inner ring of the second bearing 15 (the tapered roller bearing) through a rolling body of the second bearing 15 (the tapered roller bearing), the inner ring of the second bearing 15 (the tapered roller bearing) is arranged on a clutch shaft 1, the leftward force is transmitted to a first bearing 2 through the clutch shaft 1, and therefore, the first bearing 2 is subjected to corresponding pre-tightening force, and the axial clearance of the whole shaft is also controlled.

Therefore, the clutch shaft 1 assembly is more stable and effective in working, and meanwhile, the complex operation and adverse effect when the existing method for adjusting the axial clearance and the pretightening force by using the adjusting gasket is adopted are avoided.

In addition, the second disc spring group 16 is located inside the product, is not easily damaged, has high reliability, and contributes to the compact arrangement of parts of the entire clutch shaft 1.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification; to those skilled in the art, any alternative improvements or changes made to the embodiments of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention.

The parts of the present invention not described in detail are the known techniques of those skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an axial clearance and pretightning force adjustment structure which characterized in that: including the clutch shaft that the level set up, the box, the oil feed end cover center department at corresponding position department are installed respectively at the left and right ends of clutch shaft through first bearing, second bearing the box the oil feed end cover center install respectively rather than corresponding position department inside intercommunication second oil pipe, first oil pipe the box with between the oil feed end cover clutch assembly is epaxial to install to the clutch, clutch assembly is including setting up in the inboard drive gear on the clutch shaft outside wall of first bearing, drive gear meshes with an output gear mutually, on drive gear's right side clutch shaft is last to install clutch friction braking piece, clutch assembly's right-hand member is equipped with the suit and installs the piston in the clutch shaft outside, the piston through a third bearing with clutch friction right-hand member cooperatees, the right side of a shaft shoulder of the middle-section stepped shaft section of the piston and the oil inlet end cover are provided with a first adjusting piece, and the right side of the second bearing is provided with a second adjusting piece.

2. The axial gap and preload adjustment structure according to claim 1, wherein: clutch friction braking piece includes that one cup joints through the bearing clutch housing gear on the clutch shaft outside wall, the right-hand member of clutch housing gear extend right and with the clutch shaft forms the annular chamber install fixed cup joint in proper order by left to right in the annular chamber bearing disc, the spline housing on the clutch shaft outside wall install friction disc, the steel sheet that a plurality of each crisscross each other and butt set up on the lateral wall of spline housing the spline housing right side install friction disc, the steel sheet counterbalance tight pressure disk of a left end and corresponding position department on the clutch shaft outside wall, the right-hand member of pressure disk passes through the third bearing with the left end cavity internal wall of piston cooperates.

3. The axial gap and preload adjustment structure according to claim 2, wherein: first regulating part is including setting up the middle section ladder shaft section shaft shoulder right side of piston and with the ladder installation cavity that the cooperation formed between the oil feed end cover be equipped with in the ladder installation cavity and cup joint first dish shape spring assembly on the right shaft section outside of piston jade, the left end face of first dish shape spring assembly with the shaft shoulder terminal surface counterbalance of piston is tight, the right-hand member pass through the retaining ring with the right-hand member face looks butt of the left side section cavity of ladder installation cavity.

4. The axial gap and preload adjustment structure according to claim 3, wherein: the second regulating part comprises a right end cavity formed by the right side of the second bearing, the outer side wall of the second oil pipe and the oil inlet end cover, a second disc spring group is installed in the right end cavity and sleeved on the outer side wall of the second oil pipe, and the left end of the second disc spring group is abutted against the inner wall of the right end cavity of the oil inlet end cover through a wear-resistant pad.

5. The axial gap and preload adjustment structure according to claim 4, wherein: the first disc-shaped spring group consists of two first disc-shaped springs which are arranged back to back.

6. The axial gap and preload adjustment structure according to claim 5, wherein: the second disc spring group consists of two second disc springs which are arranged back to back.

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