CN212179841U - Instrument device for detecting thickness of carbon deposition layer of smoke exhaust pipe - Google Patents
Instrument device for detecting thickness of carbon deposition layer of smoke exhaust pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN212179841U CN212179841U CN202021321837.3U CN202021321837U CN212179841U CN 212179841 U CN212179841 U CN 212179841U CN 202021321837 U CN202021321837 U CN 202021321837U CN 212179841 U CN212179841 U CN 212179841U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a pipeline supersound guided wave nondestructive test field, concretely relates to detect instrument device of discharging fume pipe carbon deposit layer thickness. It includes: the device comprises a man-machine interface unit, a central processing unit, a pulse power amplifying unit, a signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit, an EMAT transmitting sensor, a pulse current detecting unit and an EMAT receiving sensor, wherein the man-machine interface unit is used for inputting detection parameters and displaying and outputting final results. The method solves the problem of nondestructively and accurately measuring the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the exhaust pipe in engineering practice, can greatly improve the accuracy and the detection efficiency of the detection of the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the exhaust pipe, greatly ensures the safe operation of a power device, improves the life of a naval vessel, and reduces the maintenance and repair cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a chemical industry equipment field, concretely relates to detect instrument device of discharging fume pipe carbon deposit layer thickness.
Background
The ultrasonic guided wave technology is a novel and efficient nondestructive testing technology, has the characteristics of high testing efficiency, large testing range and small influence on the whole testing structure and environmental factors, and is widely applied to testing of various structures.
The most common foreign method is to measure and calculate the thickness of the scale by calculating the time difference between the echo of the furnace wall and the echo of the scale interface by using a pulse echo method of high-frequency ultrasonic waves. The measurement precision of the method reaches 20um + -10um, but the detection efficiency of the method is very low.
SANJAY et al have modeled, simulated and tested the detection of scale in exhaust system pipes based on pulse thermal imaging.
ASANO et al have examined the structural state of a thermal power boiler using ultrasonic resonance and resonance spectroscopy.
Compared with the traditional ultrasonic detection, the new methods have higher detection precision and detection efficiency, but have defects in adaptation to detection environments.
Rimhi et al developed a Lamb wave and SH wave ultrasonic inspection robot based on an electromagnetic acoustic transducer for on-line inspection of tanks and pipes.
Zhuyulong and the like summarize the accident cases of the organic heat carrier furnace in China in recent years, and the obtained coking is the most direct cause of pipe explosion. The method analyzes the causes of thermal degradation, finds out the development of the existing coking detection method and service life evaluation method, provides the research and development of an organic heat carrier furnace tube online evaluation system based on a tube wall coking mechanism, and elaborates key technologies of the online service life evaluation system such as thermal stability thermogravimetric difference thermal analysis evaluation of heat conduction oil, furnace tube wall temperature infrared imaging measurement technology, tube wall coking flow heat transfer mathematical model construction and the like in detail.
The measurement of the coke thickness mainly focuses on a direct detection method, namely measurement and evaluation are carried out by using a detection instrument. For example, the coking of the coil is measured by an ultrasonic thickness gauge, but the detection difficulty is determined by the particularity of the coil structure, and the result is not accurate enough; the method is characterized in that an acoustic emission detection technology is adopted to measure the coil, an acoustic emission sensor is fixed on the boiler coil, the sensor is arranged in a positioning mode, effective pressurization, pressure maintaining and pressure relief procedures are set by utilizing a coil hydraulic test, and acoustic emission signals in the pressurization and pressure maintaining processes are collected and analyzed, so that dynamic and integral detection and analysis are carried out on the defects of the coil, but the acoustic emission detection technology cannot detect the coking thickness, the technology is complex, the instrument is expensive, and the field test is inconvenient. Some documents discuss some tube bursting examples of the organic heat carrier furnace, analyze the reason of a certain tube bursting and provide corresponding countermeasures, but do not deeply research the mechanism of tube bursting caused by tube wall coking.
Recently developed systems for evaluating the remaining life of a furnace tube are classified into two categories: (1) according to the performance and the state (such as the microstructure, the endurance strength, the creep, the cavity or the crack of the material) of the furnace tube after operating for a period of time, establishing the relationship between the parameters and the short-term endurance strength through experiments, and determining the actual service temperature and the residual life under stress by using an extrapolation method; (2) and (3) a fracture mechanics method, namely evaluating the residual service life of the high-temperature furnace tube by using a nondestructive detection method (such as ultrasonic crack length detection and eddy current detection for carbon-related layer thickness). Since the nondestructive testing technique of complex defects in the actual furnace tube needs to be further improved, the second method can only be used for rough evaluation. In the first method, various material performance models are established for analytical calculations, such as creep models, low cycle fatigue, high cycle fatigue, corrosion models, etc., wherein the creep models are developed more well and mature. However, the two service life assessment methods have the greatest disadvantage that the detection can be performed only according to the defects generated by the furnace tube after the furnace is stopped, and the prevention of the furnace tube in advance cannot be performed, namely, the furnace tube cannot be monitored in real time during running, so that the overtemperature of the tube wall is prevented.
The detection method of the foreign organic heat carrier furnace mainly stays in the detection of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the organic heat carrier, but can not monitor certain parts with uneven heat transfer. The detection of the carbon deposition thickness of the organic heat carrier furnace mainly focuses on theoretical method suggestion and model exploration in China; some methods need to shut down the furnace to empty the organic heat carrier, are limited to checking the dynamic condition when water is filled and pressure is applied, and cannot measure the specific carbon deposition thickness; in addition, the method for detecting some attachments is limited to be applied to the detection of thin ice layers of airplane wings or scale layers of industrial boilers; although some documents propose theories for detecting the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the organic heat carrier furnace, the theories are limited to a plate structure, the actual organic heat carrier furnace is generally a tube structure, and the coupling of the carbon deposit layer parameters and detection equipment is not specifically analyzed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the above-mentioned problem, provide an instrument device of detection exhaust pipe carbon deposit layer thickness, it has solved the difficult problem of nondestructively accurately measuring exhaust pipe carbon deposit layer thickness in engineering practice, can improve the accuracy and the detection efficiency that exhaust pipe carbon deposit thickness detected greatly, greatly ensures power device's safe operation to promote naval vessel vitality, reduce and maintain and cost of maintenance, the technical scheme of its adoption as follows:
the utility model provides an instrument device of detection pipe carbon deposit layer thickness of discharging fume which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a man-machine interface unit, a central processing unit, a pulse power amplification unit, a signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit, an EMAT transmitting sensor, a pulse current detection unit and an EMAT receiving sensor, wherein the man-machine interface unit is used for inputting detection parameters and displaying and outputting a final result; the central processing unit receives and processes instruction information and detection parameters from the man-machine interface unit and generates PWM control signals to be transmitted to the pulse power amplification unit, the central processing unit detects the resonance state of the EMAT transmitting sensor according to current signals fed back by the pulse current detection unit and adjusts working parameters of the pulse power amplification unit in real time, the central processing unit receives echo signals amplified by the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit and calculates carbon deposition information, the central processing unit outputs the carbon deposition information to the man-machine interface unit, the EMAT receiving sensor and the EMAT transmitting sensor are sleeved on the outer wall of a smoke exhaust pipeline, the output end of the EMAT receiving sensor is connected with the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit, the input end of the EMAT transmitting sensor is connected with the pulse current detection unit, and the output end of the pulse power amplification unit is connected with the input end of the pulse current detection unit, and the EMAT transmitting sensor excites the large-current pulse signal sent by the pulse power amplifying unit into ultrasonic guided waves in a specific direction and a specific mode in the smoke exhaust pipeline.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the detection parameters comprise a detection mode, a pulse frequency, a pulse number and a repetition period.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the final result comprises detection state, carbon deposition position and thickness information.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the EMAT transmitting sensor mainly comprises an exciting coil wound on the smoke exhaust pipeline and detachable permanent magnets uniformly arranged outside the exciting coil along the circumference of the smoke exhaust pipeline.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the EMAT receiving sensor mainly comprises an exciting coil wound on the smoke exhaust pipeline and detachable permanent magnets uniformly arranged outside the exciting coil along the circumference of the smoke exhaust pipeline, and the linear diameter of the exciting coil of the EMAT receiving sensor is smaller than that of the exciting coil of the EMAT transmitting sensor.
The utility model has the advantages that: the problem of nondestructively and accurately measuring the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the smoke exhaust pipeline in engineering practice is solved, the accuracy and the detection efficiency of the detection of the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the smoke exhaust pipeline can be greatly improved, the safe operation of a power device is greatly guaranteed, the life of a naval vessel is improved, and the maintenance and repair cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the following figures and examples:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they may be fixed or detachable; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or through an intermediate medium such as a wire. The meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art from the specific situation.
As shown in fig. 1, an instrument device for detecting the thickness of carbon deposit layer in a smoke exhaust pipe is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a man-machine interface unit 1, a central processing unit 2, a pulse power amplification unit 3, a signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit 4, an EMAT transmitting sensor 5, a pulse current detection unit 6 and an EMAT receiving sensor 7, wherein the man-machine interface unit 1, the central processing unit 2, the pulse power amplification unit 3, the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit 4, the EMAT transmitting sensor 5, the pulse current detection unit 6 and the EMAT receiving sensor 7 are used for inputting detection parameters and displaying and outputting final results; the central processing unit 2 receives and processes instruction information and detection parameters from the man-machine interface unit 1 and generates PWM control signals to be transmitted to the pulse power amplifying unit 3, the central processing unit 2 detects the resonance state of the EMAT transmitting sensor according to current signals fed back by the pulse current detecting unit 6 and adjusts working parameters of the pulse power amplifying unit 3 in real time to enable the EMAT transmitting sensor to reach the optimal resonance state so as to improve excitation power, the central processing unit receives echo signals amplified by the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit and calculates carbon deposition information, the central processing unit outputs the carbon deposition information to the man-machine interface unit, the EMAT receiving sensor 7 and the EMAT transmitting sensor 5 are sleeved on the outer wall of the smoke exhaust pipeline 10, and the output end of the EMAT receiving sensor 7 is connected with the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit 4, the input end of the EMAT transmitting sensor 5 is connected with the pulse current detection unit 6, the output end of the pulse power amplification unit 3 is connected with the input end of the pulse current detection unit 6, and the EMAT transmitting sensor excites the large-current pulse signals sent by the pulse power amplification unit into ultrasonic guided waves in a specific direction and a specific mode in the smoke exhaust pipeline.
Preferably, the detection parameters include a detection mode, a pulse frequency, a number of pulses, and a repetition period.
Preferably, the final result includes detection state, carbon deposition position and thickness information.
Preferably, the EMAT transmitting sensor 5 is mainly composed of an excitation coil wound on the smoke exhaust pipe 10 and detachable permanent magnets uniformly arranged outside the excitation coil along the circumference of the smoke exhaust pipe.
Preferably, the EMAT receiving sensor 7 is mainly composed of an excitation coil wound on the smoke exhaust pipe 10 and detachable permanent magnets uniformly arranged outside the excitation coil along the circumference of the smoke exhaust pipe, and the linear diameter of the excitation coil of the EMAT receiving sensor 7 is smaller than that of the excitation coil of the EMAT transmitting sensor 5. Since no large current passes through the excitation coil of the EMAT receive sensor 7, a smaller wire diameter can be used and thus the winding density is increased, further to increase the receive sensitivity, which has more coil turns than the EMAT transmit sensor.
Wherein, the internal algorithm (existing) of the central processing unit realizes the automatic gain control of the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit, the central processing unit realizes the setting of the band-pass central frequency of the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal is optimal,
the pulse power amplifier has perfect protection measures, and aiming at the characteristics of pulse amplification signals, a specially designed protection mechanism can ensure that protection is started within 2 output signal periods under the condition that the output end of the pulse power amplifier is abnormally short-circuited, so that the safety of a power device is ensured more effectively.
The signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit has low-impedance differential input, so that the inhibition capability of the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit on external strong interference is greatly enhanced; the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit comprises a band-pass filter with adjustable central frequency and adjustable Q value, the Q value can reach 0.5-6, the adjustment step is 0.1, the frequency points are randomly arranged in the range of 20kHz-500kHz, and the adjustment step is 1kHz (in the range of 20kHz-150 kHz) and 10kHz (in the range of 150kHz-500 kHz); the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit comprises an automatic gain control circuit, and the AGC gain adjustable range is 52 dB.
The pulse current detection unit converts the pulse current output by the pulse power amplification unit into a voltage signal with the gain of 0.01V/A, realizes electrical isolation with a high-voltage large-current part circuit, reduces electromagnetic interference, and sends the voltage signal to the central processing unit after AD conversion.
The basic principles and the main features of the invention and the advantages of the invention have been shown and described above, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, but that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an instrument device of detection pipe carbon deposit layer thickness of discharging fume which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a man-machine interface unit (1), a central processing unit (2), a pulse power amplification unit (3), a signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit (4), an EMAT transmitting sensor (5), a pulse current detection unit (6) and an EMAT receiving sensor (7), wherein the man-machine interface unit (1), the signal receiving, amplifying and conditioning unit (4), the EMAT transmitting sensor, the pulse current detection unit (6) and the EMAT receiving sensor are used for inputting detection parameters and displaying and outputting final results, the signal output end of the central processing unit (2) is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the man-machine interface unit (1) and the pulse power amplification unit (3), and the signal input end of the central processing unit (2) is respectively connected with the signal output ends of the man-machine interface; the central processing unit (2) receives and processes instruction information and detection parameters from the man-machine interface unit (1) and generates PWM control signals to be transmitted to the pulse power amplification unit (3), the central processing unit (2) detects the resonance state of the EMAT transmitting sensor according to current signals fed back by the pulse current detection unit (6) and adjusts working parameters of the pulse power amplification unit (3) in real time, the central processing unit receives echo signals amplified by the signal receiving amplification and conditioning unit and calculates carbon deposition information, the central processing unit outputs the carbon deposition information to the man-machine interface unit, the EMAT receiving sensor (7) and the EMAT transmitting sensor (5) are sleeved on the outer wall of the smoke exhaust pipeline (10), and the output end of the EMAT receiving sensor (7) is connected with the signal receiving amplification and conditioning unit (4), the input end of the EMAT transmitting sensor (5) is connected with the pulse current detection unit (6), the output end of the pulse power amplification unit (3) is connected with the input end of the pulse current detection unit (6), and the EMAT transmitting sensor excites a large-current pulse signal sent by the pulse power amplification unit to generate ultrasonic guided waves in a smoke exhaust pipeline.
2. The instrument device for detecting the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the smoke exhaust pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the detection parameters include a detection mode, a pulse frequency, a number of pulses, and a repetition period.
3. The instrument device for detecting the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the smoke exhaust pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the final result comprises detection state, carbon deposition position and thickness information.
4. The instrument device for detecting the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the smoke exhaust pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the EMAT transmitting sensor (5) mainly comprises an exciting coil wound on the smoke exhaust pipeline (10) and detachable permanent magnets uniformly arranged outside the exciting coil along the circumference of the smoke exhaust pipeline.
5. The instrument device for detecting the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the smoke exhaust pipe according to claim 4, wherein: the EMAT receiving sensor (7) mainly comprises an exciting coil wound on the smoke exhaust pipeline (10) and detachable permanent magnets uniformly arranged outside the exciting coil along the circumference of the smoke exhaust pipeline, and the linear diameter of the exciting coil of the EMAT receiving sensor (7) is smaller than that of the exciting coil of the EMAT transmitting sensor (5).
6. The instrument device for detecting the thickness of the carbon deposit layer of the smoke exhaust pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the high-speed differential PWM generating unit is integrated in the central processing unit (2) to generate PWM pulse signals with adjustable periods within the frequency range of 20kHz-500 kHz.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113983971A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-28 | 西安特种设备检验检测院 | Monitoring method for guaranteeing safe operation of supercritical unit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113983971A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-28 | 西安特种设备检验检测院 | Monitoring method for guaranteeing safe operation of supercritical unit |
| CN113983971B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-06-16 | 西安特种设备检验检测院 | Monitoring method for guaranteeing safe operation of supercritical unit |
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