CN212157231U - System for cascade recovery is discharged fume waste heat and water - Google Patents
System for cascade recovery is discharged fume waste heat and water Download PDFInfo
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- CN212157231U CN212157231U CN202020646231.0U CN202020646231U CN212157231U CN 212157231 U CN212157231 U CN 212157231U CN 202020646231 U CN202020646231 U CN 202020646231U CN 212157231 U CN212157231 U CN 212157231U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The utility model provides a system for recovering waste heat and water of exhaust smoke in a step manner, which comprises a boiler, a steam turbine and a steam turbine cooling and heat-regenerating device which are connected in sequence, wherein the steam turbine extracts steam from the boiler and enters the steam turbine cooling and heat-regenerating device through a pipeline to heat condensed water and supply water to the boiler; the steam extraction port of the steam turbine is connected with the inlet of a generator, and the water outlet of the generator is connected with the steam turbine cooling and heat regenerating device; the steam outlet of the generator is connected with a condenser; the generator is sequentially connected with at least one absorber, a pressure exchanger, a booster pump and a reverse osmosis device, the reverse osmosis device is connected back to the generator, and strong brine solution is contained in the generator and the absorber and can be recycled along the system; the boiler flue gas port is connected with the dust remover and the desulfurizing tower in sequence, and the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is connected with the absorber. The system realizes the recovery of the waste heat and the moisture of the boiler exhaust smoke by utilizing the absorption effect of the high-concentration solution, and has obvious energy-saving and water-saving effects.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the environmental protection equipment technique and specifically relates to a system for waste heat and water of discharging fume is retrieved to step.
Background
Reducing fuel consumption of coal-fired power stations, pollutant discharge and water consumption of power stations are key technical problems of thermal power plants. With the development of the technology, the low-pressure economizer is widely used for recovering waste heat of boiler exhaust smoke, and the recovery of the waste heat of the boiler exhaust smoke of the power station can improve the efficiency of a coal-fired power station. The boiler exhaust smoke is treated, the pollutant emission level of a coal-fired power plant can be reduced, a dust remover is uniformly arranged at the tail of a modern coal-fired power plant boiler to remove solid pollutants in the smoke, and a desulfurizing tower is arranged to remove sulfur dioxide in the boiler. The modern desulfurization process is mainly a wet desulfurization process, which causes high moisture content gas behind a desulfurization tower of a coal-fired boiler, and the direct discharge of the high moisture content gas causes a great deal of water resource waste, which is caused by taking away a great amount of liquid water through the discharge of water vapor in flue gas. Flue gas water recovery is a necessary option to address this problem.
The existing flue gas dehydration process mainly adopts a dividing wall type cooling mode, and has the disadvantages of complex system, large occupied area and poor operation safety and stability.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
A first object of the utility model is to provide a system for waste heat and water of discharging fume is retrieved to step, this system can carry out effective recycle to waste heat and water in boiler steam and wet flue gas behind the wet flue gas desulfurization, solve the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.
The utility model provides a system for recovering waste heat and water of exhaust smoke in a step manner, which comprises a boiler, a steam turbine and a steam turbine cooling and heat-regenerating device which are sequentially connected to form a closed loop, wherein the steam turbine extracts steam from the boiler and enters the steam turbine cooling and heat-regenerating device through a pipeline to heat condensed water and supply water to the boiler; the steam extraction port of the steam turbine is connected with the inlet of a generator, and the water outlet of the generator is connected with the steam turbine cooling and heat regenerating device; the steam outlet of the generator is connected with a condenser; the generator is sequentially connected with at least one absorber, a pressure exchanger, a booster pump and a reverse osmosis device, a liquid outlet of the reverse osmosis device is communicated with the pressure exchanger, and an outlet of the pressure exchanger is connected back to the generator; the boiler flue gas outlet is connected with the dust remover and the desulfurizing tower in sequence through a flue, and the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is connected with the absorber.
Preferably, the absorber has two stages and comprises a first absorber and a second absorber which are connected with each other, a water inlet of the first absorber is communicated with the generator, the first absorber is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the desulfurization tower, and the second absorber is communicated with the pressure exchanger.
Preferably, a low-temperature economizer is indirectly arranged between the boiler flue gas outlet and the dust remover, the low-temperature economizer is communicated with the turbine cooling heat recovery device, and heat energy absorbed from the boiler flue gas can be transferred to the turbine cooling heat recovery device to be used for heating condensed water.
Preferably, the boiler further comprises a fan heater, an outlet of the fan heater is communicated with an air inlet of the boiler, and an inlet of the fan heater is placed in the air.
Preferably, the air heater is in communication with each of the absorbers.
Preferably, the generator is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
The utility model discloses beneficial effect who has:
(1) the system can realize the simultaneous recovery of the waste heat and the moisture of the boiler exhaust smoke by utilizing the absorption effect of the high-concentration solution, has obvious energy-saving and water-saving effects and reduces the cost investment;
(2) the waste heat and water of the boiler exhaust smoke are recovered by adopting a direct contact method, no heat exchange surface exists, and the system is more stable and reliable;
(3) the latent heat of vaporization in the water recovery process is utilized in a gradient manner, the system flexibility is good, and the energy-saving effect is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a system structure for utilizing waste heat and water of smoke exhaust in a cascade manner provided by the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: a boiler;
2: a steam turbine;
3: a turbine cooling heat recovery device;
4: a low-temperature economizer;
5: a dust remover;
6: a desulfurizing tower;
7: a generator;
8: a condenser;
9: a first absorber;
10: a second absorber;
11: a pressure exchanger;
12: a booster pump;
13: a reverse osmosis unit;
14: a warm air device.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for recovering waste heat and water of exhaust smoke in a stepped manner provided by the invention comprises a boiler 1, a steam turbine 2 and a steam turbine cooling and heat-returning device 3 which are sequentially connected to form a closed loop, wherein a steam inlet of the steam turbine 2 is communicated with the inside of the boiler 1, the steam turbine 2 extracts steam from the boiler 1, and the extracted steam can enter the steam turbine cooling and heat-returning device 3 through a pipeline to heat condensed water and supply water to the boiler 1. The smoke outlet of the boiler 1 is connected with a low-temperature economizer 4, the low-temperature economizer 4 is connected with a dust remover 5, the dust remover 5 is connected with a desulfurizing tower 6, the low-temperature economizer 4 is connected with a turbine cooling heat regenerative device 3, the temperature of smoke is reduced after passing through the low-temperature economizer 4, the low-temperature economizer 4 can transfer the absorbed smoke heat to the turbine cooling heat regenerative device 3 for heating the condensation water inside the turbine cooling heat regenerative device, and the smoke with the temperature reduced by the low-temperature economizer 4 enters the desulfurizing tower 6 after being dedusted by the dust remover 5 for removing sulfur dioxide in the smoke.
The steam extraction port of the steam turbine 2 is connected with the inlet of a generator 7, and the water outlet of the generator 7 is connected with the steam turbine cooling and heat returning device 3; the steam outlet of the generator 7 is connected with a condenser 8; the generator 7 is sequentially connected with a first absorber 9, a second absorber 10, a pressure exchanger 11, a booster pump 12 and a reverse osmosis device 13, the pressure exchanger 11 is connected with an inlet of the reverse osmosis device 13 through the booster pump 12, an outlet of the reverse osmosis device 13 is connected back to the pressure exchanger 11, and an outlet of the pressure exchanger 11 is connected back to the generator 7, so that a complete closed loop is formed. The generator 7, the first absorber 9 and the second absorber 10 are all filled with high-concentration calcium chloride solution, and the generator 7, the first absorber 9, the second absorber 10, the pressure exchanger 11, the booster pump 12 and the reverse osmosis device 13 are communicated in sequence, so that the calcium chloride solution can circulate along the closed-loop path.
The flue gas outlet of desulfurizing tower 6 is linked together with first absorber 9, because what present desulfurizing tower 6 generally adopted all is wet flue gas desulfurization, utilizes limestone and water to mix promptly, sprays the power plant flue gas after the dust removal, gets rid of the sulfur dioxide harmful gas that contains wherein, consequently can contain a large amount of moisture in the flue gas through the desulfurization, directly discharges and can cause the wasting of resources, and the moisture in the desorption flue gas is absorbed in the effect of high concentration calcium chloride solution.
Since the partial pressure of the volatile component in the gas phase is higher than the vapor pressure of this component in the solution, more water molecules enter the solution in the flue gas, with a simultaneous exotherm. In the first absorber 9 and the second absorber 10, the boiler 1 exhaust gas is directly contacted with calcium chloride solution, moisture in the exhaust gas is absorbed by the solution, heat is released at the same time, and the released heat is taken out through the solution to preheat air or heat condensed water. The calcium chloride solution absorbing the moisture in the flue gas can dilute and reduce the concentration, so the calcium chloride solution is pressurized by the pressure exchanger 11 and the booster pump 12, then enters the reverse osmosis device 13, the desalted fresh water is recovered under the action of the reverse osmosis device 13, and the calcium chloride solution with the moisture removed and the increased concentration flows back to the generator 7 after being pressurized by the pressure exchanger 11; the calcium chloride solution flowing back into the generator 7 is evaporated and condensed in the condenser 8 under the heating action of the extracted steam, the formed fresh water is recycled for the second time, and the recycled water can be used for supplementing water for the boiler 1.
Specifically, the boiler further comprises a fan heater 14, an air inlet of the boiler 1 is communicated with an air outlet of the fan heater 14, an air inlet of the fan heater 14 is arranged in air, and air sucked by the fan heater 14 can be heated and then introduced into the boiler 1. The air heater 14 is respectively communicated with the first absorber 9 and the second absorber 10, a cooling working medium calcium chloride solution is arranged in the air heater 14, the cooling working medium can be divided by the air heater 14 to enter the first absorber 9 and the second absorber 10 and then is collected to enter the air heater 14 for internal circulation, the flue gas waste heat collected in the process enters the air heater 14 to heat the air entering the air heater, and the temperature of the air is heated to 40-55 ℃ and then the air is introduced into the boiler 1 for use.
Specifically, the generator 7 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger, which is a novel efficient heat exchanger formed by stacking a series of metal sheets with certain corrugated shapes, thin rectangular channels are formed among various sheets, heat exchange is carried out through the sheets, and the heat transfer efficiency is high. The generator 7 heats the calcium chloride solution by using the steam extracted from the steam turbine 2, the calcium chloride solution enters the condenser 8 for condensation after being evaporated, a part of the heated calcium chloride solution flows into the steam turbine cooling heat recovery device 3 to heat the condensed water, and a part of the heated calcium chloride solution enters the first absorber 9 and the second absorber 10 for circulation.
The working principle of the system for recovering the waste heat and the water in the smoke in a gradient manner comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps that flue gas in a boiler 1 absorbs certain flue gas heat through a low-temperature economizer 4, the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the low-temperature economizer 4 is controlled to be 95-100 ℃, the flue gas is dedusted by a deduster 5 and then enters a desulfurizing tower 6 for desulfurization, the flue gas sequentially enters a first absorber 9 and a second absorber 10, high-concentration calcium chloride salt solution in the first absorber 9 and the second absorber 10 is used for absorbing moisture and heat contained in the flue gas after wet desulfurization, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the second absorber 10 is controlled to be 60-70 ℃;
(2) the calcium chloride solution diluted after absorbing the moisture in the flue gas is pressurized by the pressure exchanger 11 and the booster pump 12, the desalted fresh water is separated and recovered, and the calcium chloride solution with the moisture removed and the increased concentration flows back to the generator 7 after being pressurized by the pressure exchanger 11;
(3) the steam turbine 2 extracts steam from the boiler 1 and feeds the steam into the generator 7, the high-temperature steam releases heat in the generator 7 to heat and evaporate the calcium chloride solution, and the evaporated steam enters the condenser 8 from an outlet to be condensed into water for recycling and is used for replenishing water to the boiler 1;
(4) part of the condensed water in the condenser 8 and the calcium chloride solution heated in the generator 7 are introduced into the turbine cooling heat recovery device 3, and the condensed water is introduced into the boiler 1 after being heated by the steam extraction of the turbine and the heat absorbed by the low-temperature economizer 4 from the flue gas, so as to provide water for the boiler 1;
(5) the concentration of the calcium chloride solution in the generator 7 is adjusted, the calcium chloride solution flows into the first absorber 9 and the second absorber 10, and the capacity of absorbing moisture and heat is controlled by controlling the concentration of the solution, so that the temperature and the moisture content of the flue gas at the outlet of the second absorber 10 are controlled, and the temperature is adjusted between 60 ℃ and 70 ℃.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A system for recovering waste heat and water of exhaust smoke in a gradient manner is characterized by comprising a boiler, a steam turbine and a steam turbine cooling and heat-regenerating device which are sequentially connected to form a closed loop, wherein the steam turbine extracts steam from the boiler and enters the steam turbine cooling and heat-regenerating device through a pipeline to heat condensed water and supply water to the boiler; the steam extraction port of the steam turbine is connected with the inlet of a generator, and the water outlet of the generator is connected with the steam turbine cooling and heat regenerating device; the steam outlet of the generator is connected with a condenser; the generator is sequentially connected with at least one absorber, a pressure exchanger, a booster pump and a reverse osmosis device, a liquid outlet of the reverse osmosis device is communicated with the pressure exchanger, and an outlet of the pressure exchanger is connected back to the generator; the boiler flue gas outlet is connected with the dust remover and the desulfurizing tower in sequence through a flue, and the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower is connected with the absorber.
2. The system for cascade recovery of exhaust gas waste heat and water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the absorber has two stages, and comprises a first absorber and a second absorber connected with each other, the first absorber water inlet is communicated with the generator, the first absorber is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the desulfurization tower, and the second absorber is communicated with the pressure exchanger.
3. The system for recycling waste heat and water of exhaust smoke in a cascading manner as claimed in claim 1, wherein a low-temperature economizer is connected between the boiler smoke outlet and the dust remover, and the low-temperature economizer is communicated with the turbine cooling heat regenerator to transfer heat energy absorbed from the boiler smoke to the turbine cooling heat regenerator for heating condensed water.
4. The system for step recovery of exhaust smoke waste heat and water according to claim 1, further comprising a fan heater, wherein an outlet of the fan heater is connected to an air inlet of the boiler, and an inlet of the fan heater is placed in air.
5. The system for step recovery of exhaust smoke waste heat and water according to claim 4, wherein said air heater is in communication with each of said absorbers.
6. The system for step recovery of exhaust smoke waste heat and water according to claim 1, wherein the generator is a dividing wall type heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020646231.0U CN212157231U (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | System for cascade recovery is discharged fume waste heat and water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020646231.0U CN212157231U (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | System for cascade recovery is discharged fume waste heat and water |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN212157231U true CN212157231U (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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| CN202020646231.0U Active CN212157231U (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | System for cascade recovery is discharged fume waste heat and water |
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