CN2121014U - Bulk flow instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a bulk (such as wheat) flow instrument, which mainly comprises a sensing rotary mechanism supported on a casing, a transform and subdivision device which transforms the rotation value into the electric quantity, a connecting member (a shaft coupler) which connects the sensing rotary mechanism and the transform and subdivision device correlatively, and a computer system, wherein, the sensing rotary mechanism can transform the wheat flow value into the rotation value of a corresponding shaft. The bulk (such as wheat) flow instrument which has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, strong anti-interference ability and high automation degree solves the measurement problem of the wheat flow value with low flow speed, particularly the wheat instantaneous flow value with the low flow speed in full pipes.

Description

Bulk flow instrument

The utility model relates to a kind of flow measurement device of bulk granular material, particularly relates to a kind of sensor that uses in the wheat flow measurement device.

When in the wheat processing process, particularly using the higher whole set of processing equipment of automaticity, often require the wheat flow that enters flour mill is carried out Monitoring and Controlling, because of after the operating technology condition of flour mill determines, feeding wheat flow directly influences flour output capacity and the quality after flour mill is processed.And present domestic wheat processing generally adopts the mode of visual inspection and manual control gate to control wheat feeding flow, only there is minority enterprise to introduce in west illiteracy and the Switzerland's wheat processing set of equipments and has measurement mechanism, and these measurement device modes adopt bucket type to claim mode more, promptly in the feed pipeline that connects the flour mill material inlet, be provided with surge bunker, before bucket type claims to be placed in surge bunker, then claim weight be not the wheat weight that enters flour mill, but the weight that enters surge bunker, therefore only reflect the average magnitude in a period of time, can not record wheat and give the instantaneous delivery of flour mill, the problem of bringing is that bucket type claims that measuring error own is bigger, and the instantaneous delivery with average discharge replacement reality in addition obviously has original reason error to feeding flour mill wheat flow FEEDBACK CONTROL again.

The purpose of this utility model provides the measurement mechanism of the flow of a kind of bulk granular material in sending defeated pipe, particularly relates to a kind of sensor of measuring the wheat flow in full packages.

Bulk granular material flow instrument of the present utility model is by placing the sensor in the material pipe and placing the outer computer system of material pipe to form, the electric weight of sensor is exported after the machine system program carries out data processing operation as calculated, or shows or print the instantaneous delivery of bulk granular material of the material pipe of flowing through or the integrated flux in the setting-up time.Sensor mainly is converted to the walk around sensing rotating mechanism of momentum of corresponding axle by what be bearing in (or interior) on the housing by the wheat flow, amount of spin is converted to the conversion subdivision device of electric weight, and the two relevant connecting elements (shaft coupling) that is connected is constituted, wherein the sensing rotating mechanism includes and is supported in the housing rotating shaft that can rotate relative to housing movingly, leans out in rotating shaft to intersect on the axle journal of housing parts to be consolidated with the helical blade that intersection is a helix; Said conversion subdivision device or form by shaft-position encoder, this scrambler moving axis is connected with rotating shaft by shaft coupling, rotating shaft is rotated and is made shaft-position encoder action and output with rotating shaft revolution (or axis angular position), and is converted to corresponding digital code formula electric quantity signal; Conversion subdivision device also can be made into round raster pattern conversion subdivision device, this device is mainly by the circle grating, indication grating, optical lighting system and photoelectric apparatus constitute, the grating axle that the circle grating wherein is installed is connected with rotating shaft by shaft coupling, rotating shaft is rotated and is made round grating rotate and produce Moire fringe relative to indication grating, and the optical information that the light and shade of Moire fringe changes is radiated on the photoelectric apparatus, through changing and export the electric quantity signal of reflection rotating shaft amount of spin.

The flow instrument of making by such scheme has following advantage: at first be that volume is little, can be installed on easily in the pipe of wheat delivery pipe and realize that full packages measures; Secondly when the helical blade of sensing rotating mechanism is elected radially flat blade as, when promptly cutting off blade with each plane perpendicular to shaft axis, the blade at the corresponding place of cutting off is perpendicular to the ray (ignoring vane thickness) of rotating shaft sense of rotation, so promptly be difficult for making rotating shaft throw switch (guaranteeing one of technological means of transducer sensitivity, precision), when vane stress, on different radii, can produce identical corner, blade itself also occupies material pipe xsect hardly, can avoid occurring latch up phenomenon; Have again to be conversion subdivision device or to constitute (the major technique means that improve sensitivity), make this sensor can digital code form output information about power, be convenient to signal Processing, simplify treatment circuit with shaft-position encoder or with circle optical grating element form.This programme has solved that people generally believe in the insoluble full packages in industrial technology, and low flow velocity, comprises the problems of measurement of integrated flow, particularly instantaneous delivery at the wheat flow.

Fig. 1 is the sensor construction synoptic diagram of a grow wheat flow instrument of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the rotating shaft of sensor senses rotating mechanism among Fig. 1 and the structural representation (blade has only drawn among the figure) of crossing fixed rotating vane structure.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view (three blades) of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 acts on the synoptic diagram that acting force distributes along blade radius on the blade for wheat.

The rotating shaft axle rotating speed that Fig. 5 produces on the helical blade for wheat acts on is along the synoptic diagram of radius distribution.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of connecting elements (also can be described as shaft coupling).

Fig. 7 is that the A-A of Fig. 6 is to cut-open view.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of optical electric axial angle encoder formula conversion subdivision device.

Fig. 9 is the principle and the organigram of circle raster pattern conversion subdivision device.

Figure 10 is the left view of Fig. 9.

The embodiment that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing further describes the utility model.

Referring to Fig. 1, it has provided this sensor and has been installed in the user mode general structure synoptic diagram of carrying in the wheat pipeline.As seen from Figure 1, during use this sensor placed material pipe (1), respectively with pole (2), arm (3) one ends are consolidated on the sensor housing, and the other end is cemented on material pipe (1) inwall and sensor is fixed among the material pipe (1).The housing of present embodiment sensor is respectively by dismounting and fixedly connected again housing (4), housing (5) constitute relatively.What be bearing in (or interior) on the housing has a sensing rotating mechanism, conversion subdivision device and make the two relevant interface components (also can claim shaft coupling).Wherein the sensing rotating mechanism comprises rotating shaft (6), with upper and lower two bearings (7) of rotating shaft (6) rolling bearing on housing (4), the gland bonnet (8) that is provided with in head bearing (7) upper end, lean out helical blade fixed on the axle journal of housing parts (9) in rotating shaft 6, and the fixed fairing target seeker (10) in rotating shaft (6) top.The optical shaft angle encoder (11) that provides for Fig. 1 of conversion subdivision device wherein, this scrambler (11) is fixed on the housing (5), and be closed in the housing with underseal (12), the power supply line of this scrambler and the output signal lead of photo-electric conversion element be cabling in arm (3) all.Wherein connecting elements comprises flexible steel wire cable (13), shaft coupling post (14) and coupling sleeve (15).One end of rope (13) is connected with the shaft coupling post (14) of rotating shaft (6), and the other end is connected with the coupling sleeve (15) of scrambler rotation axis, by this shaft coupling rotating shaft (6) is connected with the moving axis rigidity of scrambler.Its course of work is: wheat flows along pipe (1) along rotating shaft (6) axial direction, impact helical blade (9) and make its rotation, and drive rotating shaft (6) is rotated, by the shaft coupling transmission moving axis of optical shaft angle encoder (11) is rotated again, encoded device conversion segmentation is by photo-electric conversion element output digital code formula electric quantity signal, electric quantity signal inputs to computer system, and the wherethrough reason is calculated and just can be obtained the mass flow of surveying.

Be made of and the course of work above-mentioned part, sensor action principle described in the utility model can be divided into two step sensings substantially, at first is the amount of spin that mass flow is converted to rotating shaft (6); Then be that the rotating shaft amount of spin is converted to the electric weight that can carry out digitized processing.Further describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3.Constituting first step sensing element by rotating shaft (6) and fixed helical blade (9) on it, also is this sensor key element, and it is to realize that the wheat flow is converted to the element of rotating shaft commentaries on classics amount from the sensitive element angle for it; It also is an element of realizing the wheat flow is converted to rotating shaft commentaries on classics amount from the kinematics angle; It also is to realize the rectilinear motion of wheat is converted to rotatablely moving of rotating shaft (6) from the kinematics angle, and can also say so is converted to rotating shaft (6) corresponding rotating speeds with material flow; From the mechanics angle then is that its impulse force that makes mobile wheat act on blade produces the corresponding moment of torsion of rotating shaft (6).

Sensor described in the utility model solves the problem of above-mentioned physical significance, the technological means that adopts is that helical blade (9) is elected radially flat blade as, its developed outline linearly and straight line perpendicular to rotating shaft (6) sense of rotation, in other words, to be that the helical blade (9) of helix intersects fixed (can weld, riveted joint etc.) changes on the neck in rotating shaft (6) when intersection, use when cutting off blade perpendicular to the plane of rotating shaft (6) axis, the blade at the corresponding place of cutting off is perpendicular to the radiation-like straight line of rotating shaft sense of rotation.And wheat acts on helical blade (9) to go up the component of its acting force on the spiral camber normal direction is (as shown in Figure 4) that equates along the blade radius direction, and the linear velocity direction that rotating shaft (6) is rotated that distributes along the helical blade radial direction that is produced also is consistent (as shown in Figure 5).

Fig. 6 is the enlarged drawing of connecting elements among Fig. 1.All kinds of forms of public shaft coupling, kind are a lot, promptly can be used on this sensor certainly.The first-elected Fig. 6 of the utility model provides the shaft coupling form, the part that is characterized in being used to transmitting moment of torsion is flexible steel wire cable (13) (being commonly called as for example bicycle brake line of multiply steel cable), and its available welding such as connects at connecting mode and connecting column (14), coupling sleeve (15) is fixed.

Above the said second step sensing be the conversion subdivision device of sensor.The utility model provides shaft-position encoder and two kinds of forms of raster pattern conversion subdivision device, these two kinds of forms all are the known technology of circumference calibration in the angular measure technical field, for example there are commercially available series of products optical shaft angle encoder domestic, as raster pattern dividing head, gauging instruments such as angular instrument.Task of the present utility model be with its graft application in wheat flow measurement field, thereby and it is combined the sensor that constitutes high resolution capability cleverly with first step sensor.Because of this part is than mature technology, only outline below with reference to accompanying drawing.The kind of shaft-position encoder is a lot, and as electric brush type, condenser type, inductance type etc., the utility model is first elected optoelectronic type shaft angle encoder.As the optical electric axial angle encoder among Fig. 1 (11) is cut open.Its inner structure is shown in figure (8), and the moving axis (17) that it comprises by bearing (16) rolling bearing is cemented in code-disc (18), illumination component (19), photoelectric apparatus (20) and signal processing circuit (21) on the moving axis.Its principle of work is: being emitted beam by illumination component (19) shines on the code-disc (18), code-disc is made by optical glass, be carved with many concentric code channels on it, all arranging some transparent and opaque parts on every bit code road according to certain rules is clear zone and dark space.Form a branch of very narrow light beam irradiates on photoelectric apparatus (20) by clear zone light, receiving element is usually with silicon photo diode etc., and their arrange corresponding one by one with code channel.The various sets of signals of photodiode reflect the digital quantity of coding according to certain rules, promptly represent the corner of axle (17).

Raster pattern conversion subdivision device such as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10.Among its installation site, mode and Fig. 1 photoelectricity angle-position encoder (11) roughly the same, no longer superfluous stating.Different only be to substitute moving axis (17) with grating axle (not drawing among the figure) to be connected with shaft coupling.It comprises main circle grating (22) fixed on the grating axle, keeps certain interval to be provided with a fixed indication grating (23) with main circle grating (22), and the illuminator and the photoelectric apparatus (26) that contain light source (24), lens (25).Its principle of work is that light source (24) is installed on the focal position of lens (25), the light beam scioptics become parallel beam after (25), be radiated on the charging receiving element (26) by grating (22) (23) again, when main circle grating (22) rotates with respect to indication grating (23) along with shaft coupling, be radiated on the photoelectric apparatus (26) with producing the Moire fringe light and dark, become corresponding electric current and change.Photoelectric apparatus commonly used has silicon photocell, photoelectricity two, triode etc.

The conversion subdivision device of actually selecting what form for use as for this sensor then needs decide according to concrete applicable cases, the then optional optical shaft angle encoder of using when not too hanging down as the flow velocity of tested wheat.

The electric weight output of this flow instrument sensor enters the computer system of this machine and handles, the electric impulse signal of reflection rotating shaft (6) amount of spin by computer acquisition after, through filtering and according to material unit weight, parameter follow procedures such as material tube section are calculated the instantaneous value of the mass flow of the material pipe of flowing through, and its instantaneous value is that unit is shown by the charactron on the host panel with the Kilograms Per Second.

The bulk granular material flow instrument that the utility model is realized shows through using in flour mill: sensor can convert electric impulse signal to hanging down flow velocity without distortion, the application of computer technology in addition, solved the wheat material in flow measurement in full packages and control problem, it can not only be applied in wheat processing, can measure coal-supplying amount at cogeneration plant's coal-powder boiler, for the energy-conservation and thermal efficiency that calculates stove provides foundation, also available cement mill raw material proportioning, aspects such as sugar refinery to the technological transformation of stove.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of bulk granular material flow instrument that is used for measuring full packages bulk granular material (for example wheat) flow, by placing the sensor in the material pipe and placing the computer system of the outer work of material pipe to form, the electric weight of sensor is exported as calculated, and machine system follow procedure carries out data processing, after the computing, or show, or print the flow through instantaneous delivery of bulk granular material of material pipe or the integrated flow in the setting-up time, it is characterized in that sensor mainly is converted to the sensing rotating mechanism of corresponding axis amount of spin by what be bearing in (or interior) on the housing by mass flow, amount of spin is converted to the conversion subdivision device of electric weight, and the two relevant connecting elements (shaft coupling) that is connected is constituted, wherein the sensing rotating mechanism includes and is supported in the housing rotating shaft (6) that can rotate relative to housing movingly, lean out in rotating shaft (6) to intersect on the axle journal of housing parts and be consolidated with the helical blade that intersection is a helix (9), said conversion subdivision device is made up of shaft-position encoder, this scrambler moving axis is connected with rotating shaft (6) by shaft coupling, and rotating shaft (6) is rotated and made shaft-position encoder action and output the revolution (or angle position) of rotating shaft (6) is converted to digital code worker's electric quantity signal of correspondence; Conversion subdivision device also can be made into round raster pattern conversion subdivision device, this device mainly is made of circle grating, indication grating, optical lighting system and photoelectric apparatus, circle grating, indication grating, optical lighting system and photoelectric apparatus wherein are installed to be constituted, the grating axle that the circle grating wherein is installed is connected with rotating shaft (6) by shaft coupling, and rotating shaft (6) is rotated and made round grating rotate and produces optical information that the light and shade of Moire fringe changes and be radiated on the photoelectric apparatus and changed and to be exported the electric quantity signal that reflects rotating shaft (6) amount of spin by receiving element relative to indication grating.

2,, it is characterized in that the shaft-position encoder of said sensor is optional with optical shaft angle encoder (11) by the described flow instrument of claim 1.

3, by the described flow instrument of claim 1, the axle journal top that the rotating shaft (6) that it is characterized in that said sensor leans out housing parts is consolidated with target seeker (10).

4,, it is characterized in that being used for transmitter shaft torque part between the link of connecting elements (shaft coupling) of said sensor can select for use flexible steel wire cable (13) to make by the described flow instrument of claim 1.

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